Prevention Or Removal Of Corrosion Or Solid Deposits Patents (Class 585/950)
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Patent number: 5420370Abstract: Discussed is a process for preventing clathrate hydrate masses from impeding the flow of fluid in a fluid system. An additive is contacted with clathrate hydrate masses in the system to prevent those clathrate hydrate masses from impeding fluid flow. The process is particularly useful in the natural gas and petroleum production, transportation and processing industry where gas hydrate formation can cause serious problems. Additives preferably contain one or more five member and/or six member cyclic chemical groupings. Additives include poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) and hydroxyethylcellulose, either in combination or alone.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 1992Date of Patent: May 30, 1995Assignee: Colorado School of MinesInventor: Earle D. Sloan, Jr.
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Patent number: 5360531Abstract: Inhibiting coke formation on heat transfer surfaces used to heat or cool a petroleum feedstock at coke-forming conditions. The heat transfer surfaces are treated with an effective amount of tripiperidinophosphine oxide to inhibit coke formation on the heat transfer surfaces. The tripiperidinophosphine oxide is essentially free from contributing to corrosion and from producing catalyst-impairing by-products.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1993Date of Patent: November 1, 1994Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Youdong Tong, Michael K. Poindexter
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Patent number: 5358626Abstract: Coke formation and coil corrosion in pyrolysis furnaces is controlled by adding a mixture of a Group IA metal salt, a Group IIA metal salt and a boron acid or salt thereof to the hydrocarbon feedstock for the pyrolysis furnace.Type: GrantFiled: August 6, 1993Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Tetra International, Inc.Inventors: Zalman E. Gandman, Hong K. Jo
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Patent number: 5354450Abstract: Inhibiting coke formation on heat transfer surfaces used to heat or cool a petroleum feedstock at coke-forming conditions. The heat transfer surfaces are treated with an effective amount of S,S,S-trihydrocarbyl phosphorotrithioate to inhibit coke formation on the heat transfer surfaces. The phosphorotrithioate is essentially free from contributing to corrosion and from producing catalyst-impairing by-products.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1993Date of Patent: October 11, 1994Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Youdong Tong, Michael K. Poindexter
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Patent number: 5342505Abstract: Reaction products of polyalkenyl succinimides with an epoxy alkanol are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenyl succinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an alkenylpolyamine to form a polyalkenyl succinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with an epoxy alkanol.Type: GrantFiled: February 25, 1993Date of Patent: August 30, 1994Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5331105Abstract: A method for inhibiting or retarding gas hydrate formation comprises adding a solution of a compound of formula: ##STR1## wherein R=OH, OCH.sub.3, OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, NHNH.sub.2 or HR'=NH.sub.2 or NH.sub.3.sup.+X,Y,Z=H or OH, andn=a number in the range 0 to 6,or a polymer thereof when R'=NH.sub.2, the compound or polymer thereof being added in an amount effective to inhibit or retard hydrate formation, to a medium susceptible to gas hydrate formation, e.g. fluids produced from an oil well, particularly an offshore oil well.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1992Date of Patent: July 19, 1994Assignee: The British Petroleum Company p.l.c.Inventors: Simon N. Duncum, Antony R. Edwards, Christopher G. Osborne
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Patent number: 5330624Abstract: Sludge is removed from a reboiler while the reboiler is supplying heat to a fractionator, by using sludge removal apparatus added to the reboiler. The reboiler to which the sludge removal apparatus is added comprises an evaporative type shell and tube heat exchanger in which sludge can accumulate as a residue from evaporated liquid, and further in which unevaporated liquid is withdrawn from the reboiler as a product. Sludge removal is accomplished by drawing a relatively small liquid flush stream from the reboiler liquid product stream, pressuring the flush stream through a pump, and then recycling the flush stream to a sparger appropriately disposed in the heat exchanger shell. Sludge dislodged by the sparger is removed along with the reboiler liquid product in a flow path along the bottom surface of the shell through cut-outs provided in the lower edge of the weir and baffle plates in the reboiler which without the cut-outs would block the flow path for the sludge.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1991Date of Patent: July 19, 1994Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: John W. Ebert
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Patent number: 5292425Abstract: Reaction products of polyalkenylsuccinimides with triazoles and aldehydes are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an alkenylpolyamine to form a polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with a triazole and an aldehyde.Type: GrantFiled: October 21, 1992Date of Patent: March 8, 1994Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5288394Abstract: An improved process for inhibiting the formation and deposition of polymer-based fouling materials after caustic scrubbing of hydrocarbon streams contaminated with oxygenated compounds with a basic washing solution having a pH>7 comprising adding to the hydrocarbon stream after caustic scrubbing a sufficient amount for inhibiting formation and deposition of polymer-based fouling materials of a composition comprising at least one hydrazide compound characterized by the formula ##STR1## where R is selected from the group consisting of H, NHNH.sub.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 1992Date of Patent: February 22, 1994Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventors: Vincent E. Lewis, Carl T. Rowe
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Patent number: 5284994Abstract: A liquid tin-containing antifoulant composition is injected into a metal-walled thermal cracking reactor tube, concurrently with the injection of a gaseous stream (preferably a steam-diluted C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkane stream), through a nozzle of an injection quill which is positioned in the center region of the reactor tube substantially parallel to the flow of the gaseous stream.A liquid tin-containing antifoulant is injected into a metal-walled thermal cracking reactor tube through a nozzle of an injection quill at a temperature of about 1000.degree.-1300.degree. F. while a gaseous stream (preferably a steam-diluted C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkane stream) flows through the reactor tube, followed by raising the temperature to about 1400.degree.-1800.degree. F. Preferably, the metal walls of the reactor tube are treated with steam after the antifoulant injection at about 1000.degree.-1300.degree. F. but before the antifoulant injection at about 1400.degree.-1800.degree. F.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 1993Date of Patent: February 8, 1994Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Ronald E. Brown, K. James Sasaki, Larry E. Reed
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Patent number: 5282957Abstract: The present invention pertains to methods and compositions for inhibiting polymerization of hydrocarbons during processing and storage. The methods comprise adding an effective amount of a hydroxyalkylhydroxylamine compound to the hydrocarbon sought to be treated.Type: GrantFiled: August 19, 1992Date of Patent: February 1, 1994Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Bruce E. Wright, Carl E. Weaver, Dwight K. Reid
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Patent number: 5282956Abstract: A method for the inhibition and removal Of ammonium chloride deposition in hydrocarbon processing units comprising adding to the hydrocarbon liquid an amide selected from the group consisting of dimethylformamide and 1,3-dimethyl-2-thiourea.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 1992Date of Patent: February 1, 1994Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Carl E. Weaver
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Patent number: 5271824Abstract: Sulfur containing Mannich reaction product compounds are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude and gas oil distillates during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: January 12, 1993Date of Patent: December 21, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: David R. Forester, Paul V. Roling
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Patent number: 5269908Abstract: In a process for the separation of hydrocarbon materials and other materials including ammonia and hydrogen chloride normally associated with the hydrocarbon materials in refining of petroleum, the deposition of ammonium chloride is retarded or prevented by introducing inert gas of higher volatility into the processing operation upstream from where the deposition of ammonium chloride would otherwise occur.Type: GrantFiled: August 27, 1992Date of Patent: December 14, 1993Assignee: Nalco Canada Inc.Inventor: Bordan W. Krupay
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Patent number: 5266186Abstract: The present invention provides a method for inhibiting fouling deposits in refinery processing equipment caused by the heat treatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The deposits are inhibited by adding to the feedstock an effective amount of an iron sulfide dispersant prepared in accordance with this invention. The dispersants comprise polyimides which are prepared by reacting fatty amines with maleic anhydride/alpha-olefin copolymers.Type: GrantFiled: December 11, 1990Date of Patent: November 30, 1993Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Morris Kaplan
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Patent number: 5264114Abstract: Cracked hydrocarbon gases are treated to remove contaminating compounds that react in caustic wash to form the reaction products which cause equipment fouling. The treating of the cracked hydrocarbon gases includes the contacting of a cracked hydrocarbon stream with an aqueous amine solution, prior to caustic washing, to remove carbonyl compounds contained in the cracked hydrocarbon gases. By treating the cracked hydrocarbons with an amine compound prior to caustic washing, the formation and deposition of fouling compounds upon the internal components of caustic treating equipment is inhibited.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 1991Date of Patent: November 23, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventor: Fred A. Dunbar
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Patent number: 5244878Abstract: A process for delaying the formation and/or reducing the agglomeration tendency of hydrates in conditions under which a hydrate may be formed, these hydrates being formed from water and gas.The process according to the invention wherein, in particular, an additive comprising at least one amphiphilic compound chosen from the group of esters of polyols and substituted or unsubstituted carboxylic acids is used.Application of the process according to the invention to processes using gases and water, which form hydrates between them, in particular in the petroleum or gas industry.Type: GrantFiled: July 10, 1991Date of Patent: September 14, 1993Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Andre Sugier, Paul Bourgmayer, Jean-Pierre Durand
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Patent number: 5243122Abstract: In a steam active catalytic process employing a fixed catalyst bed for the dehydrogenation of alkanes to alkenes wherein reaction temperatures above about 500.degree. C. (932.degree. F.) must be maintained for commercially feasible conversions, the decline in catalyst activity druing a production period is slowed by maintaining a substantially constant temperature for the reaction effluent while allowing the average temperature of the fixed catalyst bed to rise during a production period.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1991Date of Patent: September 7, 1993Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Francis M. Brinkmeyer, Kelly B. Savage, Steven D. Bridges
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Patent number: 5242574Abstract: A process and reactor are disclosed for the thermal cracking of a charge containing at least one hydrocarbon with at least one carbon atom, in which the charge is circulated in a metal reaction zone which includes a pyrolysis zone whose external wall is in thermal exchange relationship with a heating liquid. The reaction zone consists of an alloy containing, by weight, 66-82% nickel, 14-18% chromium, and 4-6% aluminum. This alloy, which has already been preoxidized, may be covered, at least in the reaction zone, with at least one layer formed by an oxide of at least one metal and/or at least one metal carbide and/or at least one metal nitride and/or at least one metal silicide. The invention finds application for vapor-phase cracking and dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon charges.Type: GrantFiled: December 6, 1991Date of Patent: September 7, 1993Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Paul Broutin, Christian Busson, Antoine Montoya, Jerome Weill
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Patent number: 5221462Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods for controlling undesirable coke formation and deposition on structural surfaces which is commonly encountered during the high temperature processing of hydrocarbons. Coke formation can be inhibited by adding an effective amount of a dihydroxybenzene to the system suffering from coke formation.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1991Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Dwight K. Reid, Daniel E. Fields
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Patent number: 5213678Abstract: A method for inhibiting fouling in an organic process stream by adding certain oximes, hydrazine, erythorbic acid, carbohydrazide, or mixtures thereof. The antifoulant is added to the organic stream as an aqueous solution.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1991Date of Patent: May 25, 1993Assignee: Ashchem I.P., Inc.Inventors: Kaj D. Rondum, Guy A. DeVicaris, Dwight E. Emerich
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Patent number: 5211835Abstract: Partially glycolated polyalkenylsuccinimide-diisocyanate reaction products are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a three-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an amine to form polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with glycolic acid to form a partially glycolated bis-alkenyl succinimide, followed by adding a diisocyanate to the succinimide.Type: GrantFiled: March 10, 1992Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5211834Abstract: Polyalkenylsuccinimide-boron compound reaction products are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an amine to form polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with a boron compound.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1992Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5211836Abstract: Reaction products of polyalkenyl succinic anhydrides with aromatic secondary amines, then further reacted with aminoalcohols are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an aromatic secondary amine to form polyalkenylsuccinamide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with an aminoalcohol.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1992Date of Patent: May 18, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5196619Abstract: Inhibition of popcorn polymer growth by treatment with a sulfur-containing compound. The sulfur-containing compound can be added to organic material from which popcorn polymer is formed, or applied to extant popcorn polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1991Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Inventors: Hsiang-ning Sun, John J. Cikut, Roque V. Martir, Jos P. Wristers
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Patent number: 5194143Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of polymeric based fouling deposits normally formed during the caustic washing to hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method comprises adding an effective amount for the purpose of an acetoacetate ester compound to the caustic wash system.Type: GrantFiled: November 18, 1991Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Paul V. Roling
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Patent number: 5194142Abstract: Enaminones of polyalkenylsuccinimides are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The enaminones are formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinimide and a dicarbonyl compound. The polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate is first formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and polyamine.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1991Date of Patent: March 16, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5186815Abstract: A method of decoking the inside walls of a hydrocarbon steam-cracking installation by means of solid particles of very small size, which particles are injected into the hydrocarbon feedstock flowing through tubes (12) of the steam-cracking furnace (10) and through indirect quench means (16). A cyclone (28) at the outlet from said indirect-quench means serving to separate the solid particles from the gaseous products and enabling the solid particles to be recycled through the installation after being mixed with a liquid or a gas and after their pressure has been raised. The invention also relates to a steam-cracking installation enabling the method to be performed.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 1990Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Procedes Petroliers et PetrochimiquesInventor: Eric Lenglet
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Patent number: 5183555Abstract: Glyoxylic acid/alkylphenol derivatives of polyalkenylsuccinimides are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude and gas oil distillates during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 1991Date of Patent: February 2, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: David R. Forester, Paul V. Roling
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Patent number: 5183554Abstract: Reaction products of (a) polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride; (b) secondary, aromatic amines, and (c) hindererd alcohols are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which the polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride is reacted with the secondary, aromatic amine as a first step. The resulting polyalkenylsuccinimide is then reacted with a hindererd alcohol to form the desired antifoulant.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1991Date of Patent: February 2, 1993Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5171420Abstract: Reaction products of (a) hydrocarbon substituted succinic acid or anhydride, (b) mono to hexa-hydroxy alcohols, (c) primary or secondary hydroxy substituted amines, (d) polyalkenylsuccinimide, and (e) a polyoxyalkyleneamine, are effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as in crude oils and gas oils. The reaction products are fed to the liquid hydrocarbon during elevated heat temperature processing of the hydrocarbon so as to inhibit fouling that would otherwise occur.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1991Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5171421Abstract: Polyalkenylsuccinimide-maleic anhydride reaction products are used as effective antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oils and gas oils, during processing of such liquids at elevated temperatures. The reaction products are formed via a two-step reaction in which a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride precursor is reacted with an amine to form polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate which, in turn, is reacted with maleic anhydride.Type: GrantFiled: September 9, 1991Date of Patent: December 15, 1992Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 5160425Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of fouling materials during the caustic washing of hydrocarbons contaminated with oxygen compounds is disclosed. The method comprises adding an effective amount of carbohydrazide to the caustic wash system.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1991Date of Patent: November 3, 1992Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Vincent E. Lewis
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Patent number: 5158667Abstract: This invention relates to processes for inhibiting fouling in fluid catalytic cracking units. The processes comprise adding to the hydrocarbon being processed a polymer formation inhibiting amount of aminoethyl piperazine.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1991Date of Patent: October 27, 1992Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Raymon C. Barlow, Dwight K. Reid
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Patent number: 5156975Abstract: The methods and test kit of the present invention provide a fast, inexpensive, reproducible, simple, and accurate method for optimizing the dosage of an asphaltene dispersant antifouling agent for a given crude oil containing asphaltenes. A method is provided wherein a sample of the crude oil is diluted with a quantity of an aromatic organic solvent. To the diluted crude oil is added a known amount of the antifouling agent being evaluated. A portion of the diluted crude oil containing the antifouling agent is removed and mixed with a quantity of a liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon. The concentration of materials which remain dispersed in the liquid paraffinic hydrocarbon is measured. The inventive methods are useful to evaluate a single dose of an antifouling agent or may be used to simultaneously evaluate a plurality of doses in order to determine which dose is most effective for a given sample of crude oil.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 1990Date of Patent: October 20, 1992Assignee: Nalco Chemical CompanyInventor: Mark A. Nelson
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Patent number: 5154817Abstract: Gum and sediment formation in liquid hydrocarbon mediums are inhibited by adding to the medium a branched or straight chain C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 aminoalcohol. The invention is particularly well-suited for use in hydrodesulfurizer processes wherein the hydrocarbon medium is typically a naphtha, diesel, kerosene, light gas and or residual fuel charge and the charge or medium is subjected to high temperature and pressure treatment in the presence of a catalyst. The invention also shows particular advantage in distillate fuels, such as in blended diesel fuels, both before and during heat treatment processing thereof.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1990Date of Patent: October 13, 1992Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Dwight K. Reid
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Patent number: 5139643Abstract: Phosphorus derivatives of polyalkenylsuccinimides and methods of use of such derivatives as antifoulants in liquid hydrocarbonaceous mediums, such as crude oil, during processing at elevated temperatures are disclosed. The derivatives are formed via reaction of a polyalkenylsuccinimide intermediate with formaldehyde and a phosphorus compound having at least one acidic hydrogen P--H bond. The intermediate is first formed via reaction of polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride and polyamine.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1991Date of Patent: August 18, 1992Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Paul V. Roling, David R. Forester, Bruce E. Wright
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Patent number: 5110448Abstract: Coker water from a delayed coking process is cooled and a water soluble, organic cationic surface active compound is introduced to produce a substantially water free oil stream and a substantially oil free coker water stream which can be returned to the coking process.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1991Date of Patent: May 5, 1992Inventors: Stephen P. Adams, William R. Morrison
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Patent number: 5072066Abstract: Inhibition of popcorn polymer growth by treatment with an inorganic acid ester. This compound can be admixed with organic material from which popcorn polymer is formed, or added to a system for the recovery, use or storage of such organic material.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1991Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Hsiang-ning Sun
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Patent number: 5072064Abstract: Inhibition of popcorn polymer growth by treatment with a compound including a Group IV element, and at least one hydrogen bonded to the Group IV element. This compound can be admixed with organic material from which popcorn polymer is formed, or added to a system for the recovery, use or storage of such organic material.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1991Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventor: Hsiang-ning Sun
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Patent number: 5072065Abstract: Inhibition of popcorn polymer growth by treatment with an alkyl halide. This compound can be admixed with organic material from which popcorn polymer is formed, or added to a system for the recovery, use or storage of such organic material.Type: GrantFiled: January 29, 1991Date of Patent: December 10, 1991Assignee: Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.Inventors: Hsiang-ning Sun, Steven J. Potlock
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Patent number: 5039391Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a composition and methods for controlling undesirable coke formation and deposition commonly encountered during the high temperature processing of hydrocarbons. Coke formation can be inhibited by adding a sufficient amount of a combination of a boron compound and a dihydroxyphenol.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1991Date of Patent: August 13, 1991Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventors: Dwight K. Reid, Daniel E. Fields
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Patent number: 5034114Abstract: Boiler fouling, particularly in air preheater section, is minimized by combining with a substance designed to neutralize acids a detergent builder such as the sodium, potassium and ammonium phosphates, polyphosphates, silicates, metasilicates, borates, metaborates and sesquicarbonates.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1989Date of Patent: July 23, 1991Inventor: Ira Kukin
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Patent number: 5031692Abstract: A heat exchanger for cooling cracked gas has a nest of heat-exchange tubes (1) that the gas flows through and that are secured at the ends in bases (2 and 3) and surrounded by a jacket (4) that demarcates in conjunction with the bases a chamber occupied by evaporating water. Each heat-exchange tube has two sections (10 and 11) that differ in diameter and communicate through a cone (12). The section (11) with the longest diameter is at the emerging-gas end of the heat-exchange tube.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 1990Date of Patent: July 16, 1991Assignee: Borsig GmbHInventors: Wolfgang Kehrer, Thomas Schreck
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Patent number: 5015358Abstract: The formation of carbon on metals exposed to hydrocarbons in a thermal cracking process is reduced by contacting these metals with an antifoulant selected from the group consisting of a combination of titanium and tin and a combination of titanium and antimony.Type: GrantFiled: August 30, 1990Date of Patent: May 14, 1991Assignee: Phillips Petroleum CompanyInventors: Larry E. Reed, Randall A. Porter
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Patent number: 5000836Abstract: Methods and compounds for inhibiting coke formation in pyrolytic reactors and furnaces are disclosed wherein a molybdenum coke retarding treatment is used. Optionally, but preferably, a boron compound is used in conjunction with the molybdenum to provide optimal coke retarding performance.Type: GrantFiled: September 26, 1989Date of Patent: March 19, 1991Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 4973775Abstract: The invention concerns a process for delaying the formation and/or reducing the agglomeration tendency of hydrates in conditions under which a hydrate may be formed, these hydrates being formed from water and gas. The process according to the invention wherein, in particular, an additive comprising at least one compound from the group of hydroxycarbylamides of substituted carboxylic acids is used. Application of the process according to the invention to processes using gases and water, which form hydrates between them, in particular in the petroleum or gas industry.Type: GrantFiled: December 30, 1988Date of Patent: November 27, 1990Assignee: Institut Francais du PetroleInventors: Andre Sugier, Paul Bourgmayer, Robert Stern
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Patent number: 4962264Abstract: Methods are disclosed for inhibiting coke formation in pyrolytic reactors or furnaces during the pyrolysis operation. Rare earth elements or compounds thereof, such as cerium and lanthanum elements or compounds, are added to the particular hydrocarbonaceous medium undergoing such pyrolysis.Type: GrantFiled: October 23, 1989Date of Patent: October 9, 1990Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: David R. Forester
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Patent number: 4956076Abstract: Methods of scavenging hydrogen halide species from hydrocarbon liquids are disclosed. Preferred scavengers includes allyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol and tertiary alcohols such as tert-butyl alcohol.Type: GrantFiled: September 28, 1989Date of Patent: September 11, 1990Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Spencer S. Awbrey
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Patent number: 4952301Abstract: A method for inhibiting the formation of polymeric based fouling deposits normally formed during the caustic washing of hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method comprises adding an effective amount for the purpose of an ethylenediamine compound (e.g., ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, etc.) to the caustic wash system.Type: GrantFiled: November 6, 1989Date of Patent: August 28, 1990Assignee: Betz Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Spencer S. Awbrey