Abstract: In a pre-process, a particle shape substance is decomposed and removed using a cyclone and an electric dust collection apparatus, NOx in an exhaust gas is decomposed completely using discharge, to establish technique for generating NO2 for necessary to oxidize a particle shape substance in a real time. The generated NO2 and ozone and active oxygen generated the particle shape substance is decomposed completely. NO2 for necessary to the particle shape substance is generated and is processed in response to operation condition of an engine.

Abstract: An emission treatment system for a vehicle is provided that includes a plasma reactor is disposed in a main exhaust pipe and configured to reduce noxious emissions of an engine. A bypass pipe is connected to the main exhaust pipe both before and after the plasma reactor such that exhaust emissions can be caused to bypass the plasma reactor. A control valve is disposed at a position where the main exhaust pipe and the bypass pipe intersect, and is configured to selectively open and close the main exhaust pipe and the bypass pipe. A power supply unit supplies power to the plasma reactor and the control unit is coupled to the power supply unit and the control valve controlling a voltage of power supplied to the plasma reactor and an operation of the control valve.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an internal combustion engine determine a catalyst gain based on an exhaust gas sensor positioned upstream relative to a catalyst and at least one exhaust gas sensor positioned downstream relative to at least a portion of the catalyst and use the gain to determine the condition or performance of the catalyst. The gain may be determined by modeling the catalyst as an integrator with an unknown gain and estimating the gain using a polynomial approximation. The gain is compared to an expected value or threshold associated with current operating conditions, such as catalyst temperature and/or mass air flow.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for initiating regeneration in a particulate trap including the steps of locating self-mode-stirring microwave-absorbing material in the particulate trap in areas that particulates build up, generating microwaves, absorbing microwaves with the microwave-absorbing material, and controlling the microwaves to initiate a burn-off of particulates.

Abstract: An emission abatement assembly includes a pair of NOx traps arranged in a parallel arrangement. A fuel reformer generates a reductant fluid in the form of a reformate gas which is selectively supplied one of the traps during regeneration thereof. During regeneration of the trap, engine exhaust gas is directed through the other trap. A catalyzed soot filter is positioned downstream of the NOx traps. A method of operating an emission abatement assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing pollutants in internal combustion engine emissions, particularly marine electric generator engines, includes a treatment chamber having an intake opening for receiving gaseous emissions from the engine, and an exhaust opening for exiting emissions. A perforated metal tube is disposed within the treatment chamber, and an electrode is disposed within the metal tube in spaced apart relation to the metal tube. The electrode is encircled by the metal tube so that, upon applying a voltage at a predetermined frequency to the electrode, an arc is generated across the space between the electrode and the metal tube to promote a chemical reaction reducing the concentration of pollutants. The treatment chamber is contained within a manifold, and cooled by a flow of water. A supplemental air source is connected to the treatment chamber, and a chemical substrate is disposed within the treatment chamber for promoting the chemical reaction.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a device for generating hydrogen from a water vapor containing exhaust is provided. The device comprises an exhaust diverter and a hydrogen generation section. The exhaust diverter is configured to divert a portion of the exhaust to the hydrogen generation section. The hydrogen generation section comprises an electrolysis unit defining a hermetically sealed void volume configured to accumulate and store hydrogen. The exhaust diverter may be placed in communication with a heat exchanger configured to increase a fractional relative humidity of the diverted exhaust by cooling the diverted exhaust. In accordance with 37 CFR 1.72(b), the purpose of this abstract is to enable the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. The abstract will not be used for interpreting the scope of the claims.

Abstract: For the regeneration of an NOx storage catalyst by means of hydrogen in a secondary hydrogen process, the hydrogen required for the regeneration is taken from a primary hydrogen process.

Abstract: A system and method for treating a combustion exhaust stream includes admitting an exhaust stream into a non-thermal plasma reactor having at least one segmented non-thermal plasma element including a plurality of individually energizable electrode segments defining a plurality of corona volumes. In a preferred embodiment, the electrode segments are progressively smaller in size in the exhaust flow direction to provide optimum plasma volume variation. Individually energizable electrodes are selectively activated to effect variable corona volumes for treating an exhaust stream. Additional reactor segments are activated only as needed, such as during periods of high exhaust flow, for efficient treatment of the exhaust stream so as to maintain optimized high space velocity in the active corona volume. The segmented elements may comprise a variety of shapes. The system and method are particularly suitable for gas pretreatment and downstream diesel particulate filter regeneration.

Abstract: A power supply and control system for a motor vehicle incorporating a plasma-assisted reactor for treatment of exhaust emissions and including a power source for supplying first and second output voltages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising a plasma reactor containing at least one of a H2O adsorbent and a EC adsorbent; and a NOx adsorbent located downstream of said plasma reactor. Further, the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus comprising a plasma reactor containing at least one of a H2O adsorbent and a HC adsorbent, and a NOx adsorbent. Still further, the present invention relates to a method using the present apparatus. According to the present apparatus, by generating plasma in the plasma reactor, H2O trapped on the H2O adsorbent is activated to be a strong oxidant such as OH radical and O radical, and HC trapped on the HC adsorbent is activated to be radicals, lower HCs, etc.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and a method for removing particulate matter from exhaust gas stream prior to emission. The apparatus comprises a chargeable device having at least a pair of chargeable surfaces. The chargeable surfaces are positioned relative to one another to form a gap. The apparatus further comprises a charger for supplying opposite electrical charges to the chargeable surfaces. When chargeable surfaces are charged, an electrical field is created within the gap. Exhaust particles passing through the electrical field will locally reduce the dielectric constant of the exhaust gas causing an electrical arc to pass through the particles. The heat generated by the electrical arc will cause the particles to combust, resulting in emissions of carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A low-loss electrode-printed structural dielectric barrier for a non-thermal plasma reactor and non-thermal plasma multi-cell stacks having low-loss electrodes. The low-loss electrode-printed structural dielectric barriers include a structural dielectric barrier having a first side and a second opposite side; a low-loss electrode pattern disposed on the second side of the structural dielectric barrier; the low-loss electrode pattern comprising first and second major electrode sections that are offset from any ribs, supports, ligaments, spacers, tines, or other structure that serves as a structural dielectric connection between dielectric barriers in a multi-cell stack, a connector disposed between and electrically connecting the first and second major electrode sections and offset relative to a centerline perpendicular to the rib orientation, and a bus path connector electrically connected to one of the major electrode sections and offset relative to the centerline.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for treating vapors from fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel in an internal combustion engine, to form hydrogen gas or synthesis gas, which can then be burned in the engine to produce more power. Fuel vapor, or a mixture of fuel vapor and exhaust gas and/or air, is contacted with a plasma, to promote reforming reactions between the fuel vapor and exhaust gas to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, partial oxidation reactions between the fuel vapor and air to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, or direct hydrogen and carbon particle production from the fuel vapor. The plasma can be a thermal plasma or a non-thermal plasma. The plasma can be produced in a plasma generating device which can be preheated by contact with at least a portion of the hot exhaust gas stream, thereby decreasing the power requirements of the plasma generating device.

Abstract: Applicant's novel invention relates to a novel hydrogen generator for supplying hydrogen to drive a hydrogen operated engine. The regulator can supply hydrogen to drive an engine for operating the cutter assembly of a lawnmower as well as supply the output of a hydrogen driven engine to operate a variety of power operated devices such as drills, saws, sanders, etc. In addition, the hydrogen generator can supply hydrogen to operate a power driven piston to drive fasteners.

Abstract: To decrease the content of a particulate material contained in an exhaust gas from a diesel engine or the like, the content of the particulate material is continuously decreased by generating plasma in the exhaust gas containing the particulate material to thereby produce a plurality of O(1D) radicals and subsequently produce a plurality of per-hydroxide excited species, and oxidizing the particulate material by the per-hydroxide excited species.

Abstract: Inlet air (15) humidified in an air bubbling (or other) humidifier (35) that receives water from a tank (36) is sent to a hydrogen generator (27) along with vaporized (23) diesel fuel (22) to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide (28) for either (a) mixing with the mainstream of exhaust (18) fed to a catalytic converter (30) or (b) regenerating a pair of NOx adsorption traps (38, 39), thereby reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx), to provide system exhaust (32) which may have less than 0.40 grams/bhp/hr of NOx and 0.28 grams/bhp/hr of non-methane hydrocarbons. In other embodiments, unhumidified air mixed with fuel feeds a homogeneous non-catalytic partial oxidizer (27) to provide the required hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A system for treating exhaust gases including NO, nitrogen and particulate matter comprises: a catalyst for generating NO2 from the NO; a plasma generator for generating at least one of: (1) NO2 from the NO or nitrogen or both; and (2) ozone; and a filter for trapping a desired proportion of the particulate matter which is combusted with at least one of NO2 or ozone. Methods for increasing levels of NO2 in an exhaust system to combust trapped particulate matter involve oxidising NO to NO2 over an oxidation catalyst at an optimum temperature range and using a plasma generator to generate NO2 from NO or N2. Reducing exhaust gas emissions is achieved by trapping the particulate matter and combusting it by reaction with NO2.

Abstract: A plasma system is provided for removing soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. The system is comprised of a diesel particulate filter for adopting a honeycomb type porous element and at least one pair of electrodes; a plasma reactor for generating a predetermined amount of plasma, mounted downward or upward the diesel particulate filter; a catalytic reactor filled with a catalyst selected from 1B metal group, mounted downward the plasma reactor or the diesel particulate filter; and a means for supplying hydrocarbon to the exhaust gas, connected to a proper position upward the plasma reactor. Therefore, the soot and NOx in the exhaust gas, which are not only harmful to humans, but also which pollute the environment could be effectively removed under a normal pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to “The structure of fuel complete Combustion Acceleration for Automotive Vehicles” which contains a rubber vesicant and led metal sheet (or led type metal sheet), which the rubber vesicant is formed by mixing and allotting with proper ration of rubber and metal oxide material which contains far infrared ray. Therefore, the rubber vesicant has function of electromagnetic wave with far infrared ray. When the rubber vesicant is wrapped up with the outer part of the tube which supplies oil and air in a automotive vehicle, it can catalyze the oil and air molecule passing through the tube to a rearrangement in order by the heating arising from the engine, meanwhile it will dash against the molecule into tiny ones so as to promote the gas to burn thoroughly.

Abstract: A diverter valve includes a valve member positionable between a number of valve positions to selectively divert both engine exhaust gas and a reductant fluid between a number of emission abatement devices. The valve may be used to divert engine exhaust gas to a first NOX trap while contemporaneously diverting reductant fluid to a second NOX trap. A method of operating a diverter valve of an emission abatement assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: An emission abatement assembly includes a pair of NOx traps arranged in a parallel arrangement. A fuel reformer generates a reductant fluid in the form of a reformate gas which is selectively supplied one of the traps during regeneration thereof. During regeneration of the trap, engine exhaust gas is directed through the other trap. A catalyzed soot filter is positioned downstream of the NOx traps. A method of operating an emission abatement assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for purifying exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine which provides improved purifying efficiency even in a lean operating condition without deteriorating the fuel efficiency. The device includes an electrochemical catalyst 5 installed in the exhaust system 3 of the internal combustion engine 1, the electro chemical catalyst 5 containing an electron conducting substance and an ion conducting substance, the oxidizing reaction and the reducing reaction being promoted by the conduction of ions and electrons, thereby to electrochemically purify the exhaust gas G in the exhaust system.

Abstract: A sidestream located hyper-plasma reactor having an axially discrete pattern of alternating regions of active and passive electric field along the axial direction. The hyper-plasma reactor has great efficacy in terms of ultra low power consumption and copious production of NOx converting aldehydes in the absence of NO by applying plasma power only to an air and hydrocarbon mix sidestream gas flow. Only a small fraction (1% to 2%) of plasma power is required as compared to that for a conventional plasma reactor to treat the full exhaust gas stream. The hyper-plasma reactor produces ozone which reacts subsequently with hydrocarbons to produce aldehydes (“ozonolysis”). The sidestream location of the hyper-plasma reactor allows for the full exhaust stream to bypass it, without significantly affecting the overall NOx conversion performance in the catalytic converter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the process for treating a gas stream, comprises: introducing a gas stream to a plasma reactor, maintaining a reactor temperature of the plasma reactor at greater than or equal to about 70° C., and reducing the concentration of a gas stream component in the plasma reactor to produce a treated gas stream.

Abstract: Carbon-containing suspended particulates in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine are collected by a heat-resistant filter, and are burned on the filter. It is determined whether there is a need to increase the temperature of the heat-resistant filter. If it is necessary to increase the filter temperature, the dynamic pressure on the filter is increased. The conceivable cases where a filter temperature increase is needed includes a case where the exhaust gas temperature is low, a case where the filter is clogged to some extent, etc. If the dynamic pressure on the heat-resistant filter is increased, the filter temperature rises. Therefore, particulates can be effectively removed from exhaust gas while the clogging of the heat-resistant filter is avoided.

Abstract: Emission abatement system. The system includes a source of emissions and a catalyst for receiving the emissions. Suitable catalysts are absorber catalysts and selective catalytic reduction catalysts. A plasma fuel converter generates a reducing gas from a fuel source and is connected to deliver the reducing gas into contact with the absorber catalyst for regenerating the catalyst. A preferred reducing gas is a hydrogen rich gas and a preferred plasma fuel converter is a plasmatron. It is also preferred that the absorber catalyst be adapted for absorbing NOx.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing pollutants in the exhaust gases produced from the combustion of a fuel by introducing hydroxyl and associated radicals and oxidizers into at least one of the precombustion and postcombustion gas stream of the combustion engine upstream of the catalytic converter and treating the exhaust gases with the catalytic converter.

Abstract: A method and a device for use in the aftertreatment of exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, in particular of a diesel engine, are described, having a device for providing oxidizing agents and an exhaust-gas aftertreatment unit, a temperature sensor (40) being provided to measure the temperature of the exhaust gas before it enters the exhaust-gas aftertreatment unit (10) and the device (20) for providing oxidizing agents being set up to vary the chemical composition of the oxidizing agents as a function of the temperature. This method of exhaust-gas aftertreatment ensures energy-efficient preparation of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A device and a method for treating the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine are proposed, comprising an ozone reactor for supplying ozone to the exhaust gas at a delivery location (54), an oxidation reactor (20) for the at least partial oxidation of nitrogen oxides and/or hydrocarbons being positioned upstream from the delivery location (54), the oxidation reactor being active independently of the operating state of the internal combustion engine, especially also at the exhaust-gas temperatures prevailing at the start or during the warm-up phase of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing emissions of a combustion engine is disclosed, the apparatus comprising: an energy converter adapted to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, but having no mechanical coupling to any drive shaft of the combustion engine; and an exhaust aftertreatment device adapted to receive the electrical energy from the energy converter, receive exhaust gases from the combustion engine, and remove pollutants from the exhaust gases.

Abstract: An electrostatic filter (1) has a chamber (11) into which a gas stream is introduced. An ioniser (19) in the form of an electrode array (20) is located in the chamber (11) and creates an ionising zone through which the gas stream passes. A charged outlet (21) is located downstream from the ioniser (19). As the gas stream passes through the ionising zone, the unwanted particles therein are charged and urged away from the outlet (21) by the ioniser (19). Charged particles approaching the outlet (21) are also electrostatically repelled therefrom, permitting “clean” gas to be extracted through the outlet.

Abstract: A method of operating a power system includes operating a fuel reformer so as to produce a reformate gas. The reformate gas is advanced through a turbine of a turbocharger thereby driving the compressor of the turbocharger. Pressurized air generated by the compressor is supplied to the air inlet of the fuel reformer. The reformate gas exiting the turbine of the turbocharger is advanced to a component such as the intake of the engine, an emission abatement device, or a fuel cell. A fuel reforming system operated by such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of operating a power system includes operating a turbocharger so as to produce pressurized air, and advancing the pressurized air into a fuel reformer. The method also includes advancing reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to a component such as the intake of the engine, an emission abatement device, or a fuel cell. A power system operated by such a method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for initiating regeneration in a particulate trap including the steps of locating self-mode-stirring microwave-absorbing material in the particulate trap in areas that particulates build up, generating microwaves, absorbing microwaves with the microwave-absorbing material, and controlling the microwaves to initiate a burn-off of particulates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method and system for optimizing the efficiency of an automotive catalytic converter by adjusting the engine air/fuel ratio based on estimates of the actual amount of oxidants stored in the catalyst. An available oxidant storage capacity of the catalyst is determined by establishing an oxidant set point location, i.e., a location in the catalyst about which the system controls the oxidant storage. The oxidant set point is established based on the temperatures of the different potential set point locations and the levels of deterioration of the different potential set point locations, as well as the oxidant storage capacity of the emission control device system.

Abstract: A plasma system is provided for removing soot and nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the exhaust gas of diesel engines. The system is comprised of a diesel particulate filter for adopting a honeycomb type porous element and at least one pair of electrodes; a plasma reactor for generating a predetermined amount of plasma, mounted downward or upward the diesel particulate filter; a catalytic reactor filled with a catalyst selected from 1B metal group, mounted downward the plasma reactor or the diesel particulate filter; and a means for supplying hydrocarbon to the exhaust gas, connected to a proper position upward the plasma reactor. Therefore, the soot and NOx in the exhaust gas, which are not only harmful to humans, but also which pollute the environment could be effectively removed under a normal pressure.

Abstract: Inlet air (15) humidified in an air bubbling (or other) humidifier (35) that receives water from a tank (36) is sent to a hydrogen generator (27) along with vaporized (23) diesel fuel (22) to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide (28) for either (a) mixing with the mainstream of exhaust (18) fed to a catalytic converter (30) or (b) regenerating a pair of NOx adsorption traps (38, 39), thereby reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx), to provide system exhaust (32) which may have less than 0.40 grams/bhp/hr of NOx and 0.28 grams/bhp/hr of non-methane hydrocarbons. In other embodiments, unhumidified air mixed with fuel feeds a homogeneous non-catalytic partial oxidizer (27) to provide the required hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: An emission treatment system for a vehicle is provided that includes a plasma reactor is disposed in a main exhaust pipe and configured to reduce noxious emissions of an engine. A bypass pipe is connected to the main exhaust pipe both before and after the plasma reactor such that exhaust emissions can be caused to bypass the plasma reactor. A control valve is disposed at a position where the main exhaust pipe and the bypass pipe intersect, and is configured to selectively open and close the main exhaust pipe and the bypass pipe. A power supply unit supplies power to the plasma reactor and the control unit is coupled to the power supply unit and the control valve controlling a voltage of power supplied to the plasma reactor and an operation of the control valve.

Abstract: Either (a) the exhaust (20) of an engine (9) and/or (b) inlet air (11) is sent to a hydrogen generator (22) along with diesel fuel (18) to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide (26) for either (c) mixing with the mainstream of exhaust fed to a catalytic converter (28) or (d) regenerating a pair of NOx adsorption traps (35, 36), thereby reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx) to provide system exhaust (29) which may have less than 0.20 grams/bhp/hr of NOx and 0.14 grams/bhp/hr of non-methane hydrocarbons. A water recovery unit (52, 63) may extract water from either the exhaust or the effluent of the NOx traps to humidify inlet air (11) for mixture with fuel. Inlet air (11) may be humidified in an air bubbling humidifier (72) that receives water from a condenser (76) that uses inlet air to cool NOx trap effluent.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing pollutants in internal combustion engine emissions, particularly marine electric generator engines, includes a treatment chamber having an intake opening for receiving gaseous emissions from the engine, and an exhaust opening for exiting emissions. A perforated metal tube is disposed within the treatment chamber, and an electrode is disposed within the metal tube in spaced apart relation to the metal tube. The electrode is encircled by the metal tube so that, upon applying a voltage at a predetermined frequency to the electrode, an arc is generated across the space between the electrode and the metal tube to promote a chemical reaction reducing the concentration of pollutants. The treatment chamber is contained within a manifold, and cooled by a flow of water. A supplemental air source is connected to the treatment chamber, and a chemical substrate is disposed within the treatment chamber for promoting the chemical reaction.

Abstract: An apparatus for reducing emissions of a combustion engine is disclosed, the apparatus comprising: an energy converter adapted to convert mechanical energy to electrical energy, but having no mechanical coupling to any drive shaft of the combustion engine; and an exhaust aftertreatment device adapted to receive the electrical energy from the energy converter, receive exhaust gases from the combustion engine, and remove pollutants from the exhaust gases.

Abstract: A reactor for the plasma processing of gaseous media, especially internal combustion engine exhaust, has a bed made of a body of ceramic material a series of gas permeable electrodes embedded within the bed. The electrodes are distributed to provide a predetermined electric field distribution within the bed.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing particulate soot from an exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine includes a particulate filter assembly having a catalyst and a soot filter positioned downstream of the catalyst for trapping soot particles therein. Hydrogen gas is introduced into the exhaust gas at a location upstream of the catalyst. The catalyst catalyzes an exothermic oxidation reaction between the hydrogen gas and oxygen in the exhaust gas. Heat from this exothermic oxidation reaction is transferred to the soot filter thereby igniting the soot particles trapped therein. A method for regenerating a particulate filter assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: Single dielectric barrier extruded element non-thermal plasma reactors include first and second opposing dielectric barrier layers forming an exhaust channel therebetween, the first barrier layer provided with a first polarity conductor on an interior surface thereof and the second barrier layer provided with a second polarity conductor on the exhaust channel exterior surface. The second barrier layer provides the single dielectric barrier layer. The second polarity conductor serves as a conductor on the channel interior surface of the adjacent exhaust channel in repetitive fashion. The reactors are free of dedicated conductive passages. An electrode coating pattern having conductive coating extending fully to the side walls to connect with side bus connections eliminates the need for internal bus paths. Single dielectric barrier planar and swept-shaped reactor elements have minimal or partially extending internal support ligaments providing enhanced conversion efficiency.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating vapors from fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel in an internal combustion engine, to form hydrogen gas or synthesis gas, which can then be burned in the engine to produce more power. Fuel vapor, or a mixture of fuel vapor and exhaust gas and/or air, is contacted with a plasma, to promote reforming reactions between the fuel vapor and exhaust gas to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, partial oxidation reactions between the fuel vapor and air to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, or direct hydrogen and carbon particle production from the fuel vapor. The plasma can be a thermal plasma or a non-thermal plasma. The plasma can be produced in a plasma generating device which can be preheated by contact with at least a portion of the hot exhaust gas stream, thereby decreasing the power requirements of the plasma generating device.

Abstract: An integrated non-thermal plasma reactor-diesel particulate filter exhaust treatment apparatus 10 comprises a wall flow-type substrate 12 including a plurality of alternating high voltage 20 and ground electrode layers 22 and filter layers 24 disposed between said high voltage 20 and ground electrode layers 22. Channels 34 extending through the electrode layers 20, 22 are plugged to prevent exhaust flow. A portion of the exhaust channels 18 extending through the filter layers 23 are plugged 26 such that each channel 18 is plugged only at one end 14 or 16. During operation, a plasma is generated in the filter layers 24. An exhaust stream 28 is passed through the filter channels 18 and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust stream 28 are converted in the plasma primarily to NO2 while particulate matter in the exhaust stream 28 is captured in the porous channel walls 19. The filter 24 is continuously regenerated by NO2 formed in the plasma. NO byproduct from the filter regeneration is converted back into NO2 via plasma.

Abstract: An apparatus (12) for treatment of exhaust gas of a combustion device (1) with a catalytically active converter unit (5) includes a heating device (5) for heating the converter unit (5) with a hydrogenous heating substance, which reduces substantially the system-related expenditure, and which substantially improves the cold-start behavior of the catalytic converter and therefore, substantially reduces in particular the contaminant exhaust of the combustion device (1) during its cold start phase. The combustion device (1) is formed as a supply device (1) for supplying the hydrogenous heating substance to the converter unit (5).

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating vapors from fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuel in an internal combustion engine, to form hydrogen gas or synthesis gas, which can then be burned in the engine to produce more power. Fuel vapor, or a mixture of fuel vapor and exhaust gas and/or air, is contacted with a plasma, to promote reforming reactions between the fuel vapor and exhaust gas to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, partial oxidation reactions between the fuel vapor and air to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas, or direct hydrogen and carbon particle production from the fuel vapor. The plasma can be a thermal plasma or a non-thermal plasma. The plasma can be produced in a plasma generating device which can be preheated by contact with at least a portion of the hot exhaust gas stream, thereby decreasing the power requirements of the plasma generating device.

Abstract: A system for reducing pollutants in internal combustion engine emissions, particularly marine electric generator engines, includes a treatment chamber having an intake opening for receiving gaseous emissions from the engine, and an exhaust opening for exiting emissions. A perforated metal tube is disposed within the treatment chamber, and an electrode is disposed within the metal tube in spaced apart relation to the metal tube. The electrode is encircled by the metal tube so that, upon applying a voltage at a predetermined frequency to the electrode, an arc is generated across the space between the electrode and the metal tube to promote a chemical reaction reducing the concentration of pollutants. The treatment chamber is contained within a manifold, and cooled by a flow of water. A supplemental air source is connected to the treatment chamber, and a chemical substrate is disposed within the treatment chamber for promoting the chemical reaction.