Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust system comprises an exhaust gas recirculation pipe which, in use, recirculates engine exhaust gas into the engine air intake. A particulate filter is provided and a burner arrangement is arranged to burn off particulates caught by the filter.

Abstract: An ammonia selective reduction-type NOx catalyst (48) is interposed in an exhaust passage of an engine (2) installed in a series-type hybrid electric vehicle (1), and a urea-water injector (62) for supplying urea water in the upstream side of the ammonia selective reduction-type NOx catalyst (48) is placed in the exhaust passage. The engine (2) started in response to a storage state of a battery (8) is operated in a first operation mode, and urea water supply is suspended, until exhaust temperature reaches predetermined temperature (Ta). Once the exhaust temperature reaches the predetermined temperature (Ta), the engine (2) is operated in a second operation mode, and urea water is supplied from the urea-water injector (62). While the engine (2) is operated in the first operation mode, NOx emissions from the engine (2) are more decreased than in the second operation mode.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system for a power source has an air induction system, an exhaust system and a recirculation system. The exhaust system includes a particulate filter. The recirculation system is configured to draw exhaust from downstream of the particulate filter and direct the exhaust to the air induction system. The recirculation system includes an exhaust gas cooler, and an acidic debris filter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technology that enables better reduction of NOx stored in an NOx catalyst in an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine. When NOx stored in an NOx catalyst is to be reduced, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to a target air-fuel ratio by decreasing the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine. In doing so, if the temperature of the NOx catalyst is not lower than a specific temperature, the air-fuel ratio of the ambient atmosphere around the NOx catalyst is decreased to the target air-fuel ratio while bringing the combustion state into low temperature combustion.

Abstract: A motor vehicle operator interface and control algorithm convey diesel particulate filter regeneration status to the operator. The algorithm also allows new control over heretofore automatic regeneration, through limiting the inhibit function. The DPF after-treatment operator interface provides multiple status indications to the operator. In a preferred embodiment this is effected using a switched indicator lamp.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust gas system includes a filter arranged in an exhaust passage of the internal combustion engine, a fuel adding valve which is arranged upstream of the filter and supplies fuel into the exhaust passage, and a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation apparatus that removes some of the exhaust gas from downstream of the filter as EGR gas. An EGR rate is controlled taking into account the amount of fuel supplied by the fuel adding valve such that an oxygen concentration of intake gas, which is drawn into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine in a state in which the EGR gas that is introduced by the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation apparatus is mixed with air introduced into an intake passage, is constant before and after fuel is supplied by the fuel adding valve.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas recirculation apparatus for an internal combustion engine has a high-pressure EGR passage (20), a low-pressure EGR passage (21), a high-pressure EGR valve (22), and a low-pressure EGR valve (24) and performs open-loop control to the low-pressure EGR valve (24). The flow rate (Ghpl) of EGR gas flowing in the high-pressure EGR passage (20) and the flow rate (Glpl) of EGR gas flowing in the low-pressure EGR gas (21) are estimated based on the oxygen concentration (O2s) in the gas at the portion of the intake passage (3) downstream of the portion to which exhaust gas is delivered from the high-pressure EGR passage (2), the flow rate (Gdpf) of the gas passing through an exhaust-gas purifying catalyst unit (11) provided in the exhaust passage between the exhaust-gas inlets of the high-pressure EGR passage (20) and the low-pressure EGR passage (21), the flow rate (Gafm) of fresh air, and the fuel amount (Q) supplied to the cylinders (2) of the internal combustion engine per unit time.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system includes: a NOx trapping agent (2) which adsorbs nitrogen oxide when an excess air ratio of exhaust gas is more than 1, and releases nitrogen oxide when the excess air ratio is 1 or less; a NOx purifying catalyst (13) which reduces nitrogen oxide to nitrogen; and an oxygen concentration controller which controls oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. When the excess air ratio of the exhaust gas is more than 1, nitrogen oxide is adsorbed to the NOx trapping agent (2). When the excess air ratio of the exhaust gas is 1 or less, the oxygen concentration controller controls the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas at an inlet of the NOx purifying catalyst between 0.8 and 1.5% by volume, so that the NOx purifying catalyst reduces nitrogen oxide released from the NOx trapping agent.

Abstract: A temperature control device for a catalyst, which is capable of rapidly activating a catalyst while maintaining reduced exhaust emissions, by properly controlling the temperature of exhaust gases according to an activated state of the catalyst. If the catalyst is determined not to be in the activated state, based on an acquired temperature of the catalyst, the temperature control device for a catalyst sets a temperature higher than the temperature of the catalyst by a predetermined temperature is set as a target exhaust gas temperature. Further, the temperature control device controls a combustion control parameter including at least one of an amount of recirculation of exhaust gases by an EGR device, an amount of intake air drawn into an engine, a supply amount and a supply timing of fuel supplied into the engine, according to the set target exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust system 10 comprises an exhaust gas recirculation pipe 22 which, in use, recirculates engine exhaust gas into the engine air intake. A particulate filter 18 is provided and a burner arrangement 36 is arranged to burn off particulates caught by the filter.

Abstract: A system having a particulate matter sensor in an exhaust stream of an engine upstream from a particulate filter and another such sensor downstream from the filter. There may also be an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) control on the engine. The amount of particulate matter in or loading of the filter may be determined by the upstream filter. The working condition of the filter may be determined by the downstream sensor. The filter may have a heater and control for providing operational and particulate matter burn-off temperatures to the filter. A processor may be connected to the sensors, the EGR control and the filter heater control.

Abstract: A heat transfer system in an engine for transferring heat from the recirculated exhaust gas to an output of an engine exhaust system. The heat transfer may cool the recirculated exhaust for reduced emissions from engine combustion and, at the same time, increase the output exhaust temperature to facilitate regeneration of an exhaust aftertreatment system. There may a heat transfer unit at the output of an exhaust gas recirculating valve connected to a heat transfer unit at the output of the exhaust system.

Abstract: An exhaust gas passageway of an internal combustion engine is basically provided with a main exhaust passageway, a bypass exhaust passageway, a bypass catalytic converter provided in the bypass exhaust passageway, a bypass control valve, an upstream air-fuel ratio sensor and a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor. The bypass exhaust passageway bypasses a portion of the main exhaust passageway between an upstream junction and a downstream junction. The bypass control valve opens or closes a portion of the main exhaust passageway. The upstream air-fuel ratio sensor is disposed upstream of the bypass catalytic converter to sense air-fuel ratio of an exhaust gas flowing into the bypass catalytic converter. The downstream air-fuel ratio sensor is disposed downstream of the bypass catalytic converter to sense air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing out of the bypass catalytic converter.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal combustion engine system (1), particularly in a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (2), a fresh gas system (3) for supplying fresh gas to the internal combustion engine (2), an exhaust gas system (4) for discharging exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine (2), and an exhaust gas recirculation system (5) for removing exhaust gas from the exhaust gas system (4) at a removal point (11) and introducing the removed exhaust gas into the fresh gas system (3) at an introduction point (12). In order to improve exhaust gas recirculation, the exhaust gas system (4) is equipped with an exhaust gas valve (14) downstream of the removal point (11) in order to control the penetrable cross-section of the exhaust gas system (4).

Abstract: A plurality of upstream main exhaust passages extend from cylinders of an engine. A downstream main exhaust passage is connected to the upstream main exhaust passages. A main catalytic converter is mounted in the downstream main exhaust passage. A plurality of upstream bypass exhaust passages extend from the upstream main exhaust passages. Each upstream bypass exhaust passage has a sectional area smaller than that of the corresponding upstream main exhaust passage. A downstream bypass exhaust passage is connected to the upstream bypass exhaust passages and has a downstream end connected to the downstream main exhaust passage at a position upstream of the main catalytic converter. An auxiliary catalytic converter is mounted in the downstream bypass exhaust passage. A gas flow switching device is provided which is capable of forcing the exhaust gas from the cylinders of the engine to flow toward the upstream bypass exhaust passages when assuming a given operation position.

Abstract: In a control method of an internal combustion engine exhaust gas control system which is applied to a hybrid vehicle that is powered by an internal combustion engine and an electric motor, an exhaust throttle valve, provided downstream of an exhaust gas control catalyst, is controlled to reduce its opening amount to a target opening amount when it is determined that warm-up control of the internal combustion engine needs to be executed. Next, a target injection quantity of fuel necessary to increase the temperature of exhaust gas flowing into the internal combustion engine to a target exhaust gas temperature is calculated. Then, assist torque from the electric motor is adjusted so that the sum of torque from the internal combustion engine when the fuel injection quantity has been set to the target injection quantity and the assist torque substantially equals a required torque.

Abstract: The present invention provides an engine exhaust gas purification device comprising a filter B provided in an exhaust passage (10) of an engine (1) for trapping particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas, a catalyst A for regenerating the filter B by burning the particulate matter trapped in the filter B, an EGR valve (8) provided in an EGR passage (7) linking the intake side and exhaust side of the engine 1, an injector (2) for injecting fuel into a cylinder, and control unit (20) for controlling the injector (2) and EGR valve (8). During regeneration of the filter B, the control unit (20) close the EGR valve (8) when fuel injection from the injector (2) is controlled to supply unburned fuel components to the catalyst A, and open the EGR valve (8) when no fuel is injected from the injector (2) upon a request for speed reduction or the like. In so doing, residual unburned fuel components in the EGR passage (7) are scavenged by air.

Abstract: A turbocharger assembly is provided. The turbocharger assembly includes a turbine assembly having at least one internal aerodynamic surface and a compressor assembly having at least one internal aerodynamic surface. At least one of the at least one internal aerodynamic surface of the turbine assembly and the at least one internal aerodynamic surface of the compressor assembly is at least partially coated with a catalyst material. The internal aerodynamic surfaces of the turbine assembly may include a volute, variable geometry mechanism, turbine wheel, and outlet. The internal aerodynamic surfaces of the compressor assembly may include and inlet, compressor impeller, diffuser, variable geometry mechanism, and a volute. An internal combustion engine incorporating the disclosed turbocharger assembly is also provided.

Abstract: During a rich spike control for an exhaust gas purification system for an internal combustion engine, a base air-fuel ratio AFb is decreased in a range where a combustion variation ?CC does not exceed a permissible limit ?CCL (S108). When the combustion variation ?CC exceeds the permissible limit ?CCL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is increased (S213). When the torque decrease amount ?TD is above the permissible value ?TDL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is decreased (S215). When the combustion variation ?CC is above the permissible limit ?CCL, and the torque decrease amount ?TD is above the permissible value ?TDL, the spike base air-fuel ratio AFbs is increased, and a fuel discharge time number EN is increased (S216).

Abstract: An exhaust system for an engine is disclosed. The exhaust system may include a passageway configured to receive exhaust from the engine, and a recirculation circuit. The recirculation circuit is configured to recirculate exhaust from the passageway back into the engine. The exhaust system may also include an SOx removing device disposed within the passageway upstream of the recirculation circuit, and a filter disposed within the passageway to remove particulate matter from the exhaust. The exhaust system may further include a regeneration device configured to substantially simultaneously regenerate the SOx removing device and the filter.

Abstract: When an abnormality occurred in a SCR device is detected, the output of an engine is restricted. To this end, in one embodiment, at the time of an abnormality occurrence, a map adopted for calculating a fuel injection quantity is switched from that for a normal time (S407). Further, as the abnormality to be detected, the clogging of an injection nozzle, the dilution of urea water stored in a tank, or the like is adopted.

Abstract: In a method of operating an internal combustion engine which has a fresh-air line, an exhaust-gas line, and an exhaust gas recirculation system, an exhaust gas flow is fed from the exhaust gas recirculation line of the exhaust gas recirculation system to the fresh-air line. The exhaust gas flow is hereby divided by a gas flow divider during flow from the exhaust gas recirculation line to the fresh-air line through actuation of a control element such that a first flow portion flows back to the exhaust gas recirculation line and a second flow portion flows to a continuing section of the exhaust-gas line. The exhaust gas recirculation system with the gas flow divider is operated substantially in the absence of a back pressure.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a separate exhaust passage for each one of banks. An exhaust purifying catalyst is provided in each exhaust passage. The mass flow rates G1, G2 of exhaust gas that flow through the exhaust passages are individually estimated. The flow rate of exhaust gas is individually adjusted per each bank by controlling the operation of each one of exhaust gas recirculation valves such that the difference between the estimated mass flow rates G1, G2 is decreased.

Abstract: A particle collector includes a housing within an internal chamber having inlet and outlet ports. The housing can comprise two joined-together housing members. A collector element is disposed in the internal chamber and includes a particulate passage extending axially therethrough. A gas passageway is disposed within the chamber between a housing inside diameter and a collector element outside diameter, and is sized to produce a minimal pressure drop through the particle collector. The collector element is connected to the housing. A collection port is connected with the collector element and extends from the particulate passage to a location outside of the internal chamber for removing collected particulate matter from within the housing when the particle collector is placed into operation within an exhaust gas flow stream.

Abstract: A system, method, and software that rapidly heats a diesel oxidation catalyst unit to an effective operating temperature at engine startup is disclosed. Upon ignition of an engine an electronic control unit is operable to lower a fresh air flow target value to a reduced fresh air flow target value as well as lower a valve opening limit of an exhaust gas recirculation valve to a reduced valve opening limit. The electronic control unit monitors a temperature value of a flow of exhaust entering the diesel oxidation catalyst unit until the temperature value reaches a first predetermined threshold value. After reaching the first predetermined threshold value, the electronic control unit causes the fuel system to set post-injection fueling to a predetermined post-injection fueling value until the temperature value of the flow of exhaust entering the diesel oxidation catalyst unit reaches a second predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing hydrocarbon emissions from an engine having a hydrocarbon retaining system. One example method comprises flowing exhaust gas over a hydrocarbon trap, the trap having a plurality of layers with different porosity and/or a different adsorptive affinity to hydrocarbon chains, and flowing hydrocarbons from a fuel tank over the hydrocarbon trap.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation cooler may include a housing and a first wall. The housing may include an exhaust gas region, a coolant region, an exhaust gas inlet, and an exhaust gas outlet. The first wall may be fixed within the housing and may separate the exhaust gas region from the coolant region. The first wall may include a first portion formed from a first material and facing the exhaust gas region and a second portion formed from a second material and facing the coolant region. One of the first and second materials may have a coefficient of thermal expansion that is greater than the other of the first and second materials. The first wall may be deflected toward one of the exhaust gas region and the coolant region during cooler operation based on a difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion of the first and second materials.

Abstract: Inhibiting uncontrolled regeneration of a particulate filter fluidly coupled to an exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine may comprise reducing an oxygen concentration of exhaust gas supplied to the particulate filter if active regeneration of the particulate filter is in progress and rotational speed of the engine speed thereafter drops to an idle speed range from an elevated rotational speed that is greater than the idle speed range. Reducing the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas supplied to the particulate filter may include any one or combination of reducing the oxygen concentration of intake air supplied to the intake manifold, reducing the air portion of the air-to-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine and removing oxygen from the exhaust gas supplied to the particulate filter.

Abstract: An energy recovery system for hybrid automobile. The energy recovery system generates electricity by utilizing the temperature difference between a high temperature thermal medium and a low temperature thermal medium. As the high temperature thermal medium, engine coolant for cooling an engine is used. As the low temperature thermal medium, pump refrigerant for cooling by a heat pump is used. The heat pump maintains the pump refrigerant at a low temperature by using heat from the engine coolant. Therefore, while electricity is reliably generated at a thermoelectric converter, energy is efficiently used for cooling the pump refrigerant.

Abstract: An exhaust system for a motor vehicle with a diesel engine (10) includes a particulate filter unit (36), a particulate receiving accumulator (24) close to the engine being arranged upstream of the particulate filter unit (36) and binding a partial quantity of the particulates contained in the exhaust gas flow, with another partial quantity of the particulates contained in the exhaust gas flow flowing through the particulate receiving accumulator (24) to the particulate filter unit (36). The particulate receiving accumulator (24) is arranged so close to the engine (10) that it is at least partly regenerated during operation owing to the NO2 oxidation effect.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system includes an engine having an engine housing. The engine system further includes an exhaust system, and a turbine disposed within the exhaust system. A particulate reduction device is disposed in the exhaust system upstream of the turbine. The particulate reduction device includes an exhaust retarder having a flow property which is based at least in part on a residence requirement for combustion of particulates in exhaust gases passing therethrough. The flow property may be a flow restriction property, and the exhaust retarder may include a flow restricting trapping element configured to trap particulates in the exhaust gases. The flow restricting trapping element defines a combustion efficacy to exhaust mass flow and temperature coefficient for the particulate reduction device which is based at least in part on a combustion initiating residence requirement for particulates passing through the particulate reduction device.

Abstract: A controller (70) controls regeneration of an exhaust gas filter (52) which traps particulate matter contained in exhaust gas to prevent the particulate matter from being discharged into the atmosphere. When regeneration of the exhaust gas filter (52) is underway and the engine (10) is decelerating, the controller (70) determines whether or not a catalyst (40) is active (S82) and whether the engine (10) is decelerating gently or rapidly (S83). When the engine (10) is decelerating gently, the controller (70) performs a post-injection following a main fuel injection (S824), and when the engine (10) is decelerating rapidly, the controller (70) performs the main fuel injection but stops the post-injection (S834). In so doing, the temperature of the filter does not rise excessively, and the filter can be prevented from melting.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system disposed between an exhaust system and an intake system incorporates a water separator which separates acidic water from the exhaust gas prior to the exhaust gas being sent to the intake system of the engine. The water collected by the water separator is sent back to the exhaust system at a position downstream from the exhaust gas recirculation system.

Abstract: An EGR cooler including tubes and a shell enclosing the tubes. Cooling water is supplied into and discharged from the shell. Exhaust gas is guided from a diesel engine into the tubes for thermal exchange of the exhaust gas with the cooling water. A bypass flow path for guiding the cooling water is constituted within the shell so as to prevent stagnation of the cooling water in the shell.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal-combustion engine comprises an exhaust bypass in parallel with an upstream portion of a main exhaust path having a main catalytic converter in a downstream portion thereof; an exhaust bypass catalytic converter provided in the exhaust bypass; and a flow path switching valve for blocking the main exhaust path at the upstream portion thereof. The exhaust system includes an ignition timing adjustment mechanism for adjusting ignition timing to delay sparking when the flow path switching valve is switched from the closed condition to the open condition thereof. A control method for the exhaust system is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system for an engine is disclosed and may have an air induction circuit, an exhaust circuit, and an exhaust recirculation circuit. The air induction circuit may be configured to direct air into the engine. The exhaust circuit may be configured to direct exhaust from the engine and include a turbine driven by the exhaust, a particulate filter disposed in series with and downstream of the turbine, and a catalytic device disposed in series with and downstream of the particulate filter. The exhaust recirculation circuit may be configured to selectively redirect at least some of the exhaust from between the particulate filter and the catalytic device to the air induction circuit. The catalytic device is selected to create backpressure within the exhaust circuit sufficient to ensure that, under normal engine operating conditions above low idle, exhaust can flow into the air induction circuit without throttling of the air.

Abstract: In an engine having apparatus for a post-exhaust process, surging is prevented when the air excess coefficient is changed to a lean condition from a rich condition in order to carry out the post-exhaust process. The present engine control apparatus comprises a turbo-supercharger driven by exhaust energy of an engine in a vehicle, an EGR path interconnecting an exhaust path and an inlet path of the engine, at least one of a NOx trap catalyzer and a diesel particulate filter (DPF) mounted in the exhaust path for purifying exhaust discharged from the engine, an EGR valve for adjusting the flow rate of air passing through the EGR path, an air excess coefficient control unit for controlling the air excess coefficient, depending on driving conditions, and wherein the EGR valve is operable to close when the air coefficient control unit controls the air excess coefficient so as to be in a lean condition.

Abstract: Systems and methods may be provided for exhaust gas recirculation. The systems and methods may include receiving, via an intake section, inlet air at an input of a compressor, generating compressed air at the compressor using the received inlet air, and providing the compressed air from the compressor to a combustor, where the combustor produces combustion involving the compressed air and fuel. The systems and methods may also include receiving combustion products associated with the combustion at a turbine component, where the turbine component releases exhaust gases, and recirculating at least a portion of the exhaust gases to the intake section via a recirculation line, where the recirculated exhaust gases raise a temperature of the inlet air.

Abstract: When conditions for regenerating purifiers are established, a control computer first causes an addition nozzle to supply a reducing agent to a first exhaust path. At this time, the control computer reduces a vane opening degree in a first supercharger and increases a vane opening degree in a second supercharger. Accordingly, the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged to the outside from the first exhaust path is reduced, and the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing to the intake path via a first exhaust gas supply path is increased. Also, the flow rate of exhaust gas discharged to the outside from a second exhaust path is increased, and the flow rate of exhaust gas flowing to the intake path via a second exhaust gas supply path is reduced. As a result, the purifiers are regenerated in a reliable manner, while suppressing variations in the flow rate of exhaust gas supplied to the intake path.

Abstract: A system for assisting regeneration of a particle filter in an exhaust line (3) of a motor vehicle diesel engine (1) associated with: air admission means (2); exhaust gas recycling means (4); a turbocompressor (5); a particle filter (7); a common system (8) for feeding fuel to the engine; means (16) for adding to the fuel an additive adapted to be deposited on the particle filter (7) to reduce the combustion temperature of particles trapped therein; means (20, 21, 22) for acquiring information relating to operation of the engine; and monitoring means (17) adapted to trigger a phase of regeneration of the particle filter by combustion of the particles trapped therein by triggering a phase of multiple injection of fuel. The filter (7) is impregnated with a catalyst for oxidizing hydrocarbons and CO present in the exhaust gases.

Abstract: An engine with an emissions control arrangement includes an engine including an intake and an exhaust system, an EGR system comprising a conduit between the exhaust system and the intake and an EGR controller between the exhaust system and the conduit, the EGR controller being adapted to control EGR flow from the exhaust system to the intake, a reduction agent introduction system adapted to introduce a reduction agent into the exhaust system, and a controller arranged to adjust EGR flow and reduction agent introduction as functions of each other.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable storage media are described in which exhaust gas is routed to a hydrocarbon retaining device during starting, and purged to the engine intake manifold. Various alternative approaches are described for controlling operation and diagnosing degradation. Further, various interrelated configurations are described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable storage media are described in which exhaust gas is routed to a hydrocarbon retaining device during starting, and purged to the engine intake manifold. Various alternative approaches are described for controlling operation and diagnosing degradation. Further, various interrelated configurations are described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable storage media are described in which exhaust gas is routed to a hydrocarbon retaining device during starting, and purged to the engine intake manifold. Various alternative approaches are described for controlling operation and diagnosing degradation. Further, various interrelated configurations are described.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable storage media are described in which exhaust gas is routed to a hydrocarbon retaining device during starting, and purged to the engine intake manifold. Various alternative approaches are described for controlling operation and diagnosing degradation. Further, various interrelated configurations are described.

Abstract: A hydraulic assembly and method for use with an vehicle engine exhaust flow control valve for controlling flow to at least one intake supply. The assembly has an actuator, such as a spring return piston cylinder, for positioning the control valve. An inlet passage, communicating with the cylinder, is arranged for supplying hydraulic fluid to a side of the actuator and a drain is arranged for draining the hydraulic fluid from the side of the actuator. An on-off type hydraulic valve, communicating with the drain, is operably coupled to the cylinder for controlling communication of the hydraulic fluid from the cylinder side to the drain. When the hydraulic assembly is in use, the pressure of hydraulic fluid acting on the actuator is adjustable by operation of the on-off type valve thereby to control movement of the actuator and, in turn, movement of the control valve.

Abstract: A hydrated EGR system, method and apparatus for a vehicle, in which heat from an exhaust pipe is used to heat an aqueous fluid solution in a water tank. A portion of the hot exhaust gas is diverted from the main exhaust flow, and the diverted portion is bubbled through the heated aqueous fluid solution to form a hydrated EGR mixture containing water vapor. The hydrated EGR mixture is then fed back to an intake portion of the engine, is mixed with an incoming fuel/air mixture, and is burned with the fuel air mixture inside the engine. The use of the hydrated EGR mixture, including heated water vapor, as part of the intake charge simultaneously reduces harmful exhaust emissions, improves engine performance, and improves fuel economy of the vehicle.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine exhaust gas system includes an EGR arrangement adapted to lead a first flow of exhaust gas, the EGR flow, from an outlet side of the engine to an inlet side of the engine, an exhaust gas conduit adapted to lead away a second flow of exhaust gas, the exhaust flow, from the outlet side of the engine, and an energy recovering unit, such as a turbo, associated with the exhaust gas conduit. The unit is adapted to recover exhaust gas energy from the exhaust flow. The system includes a heat exchanger adapted to allow heat exchange between at least a part of the EGR flow and at least a part of the exhaust flow, the heat exchanger being associated with the exhaust gas conduit at a position downstream the energy recovering unit.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to engines, and, more particularly, to an exhaust system for reducing buildup in an exhaust gas recirculation system when mixing hydrocarbons with exhaust.

Abstract: There are provided a NOx storage reduction catalyst which is provided in an exhaust passage for an engine, and a sulfur concentration sensor which can detect a total concentration of SOx and H2S in exhaust gas that has passed through the NOx catalyst, and a concentration of SOx in the exhaust gas. An operating state of the engine is controlled such that SOx is released from the NOx catalyst (sulfur poisoning recovery process). When a concentration of the hydrogen sulfide obtained based on the total concentration and the concentration of SOx that are detected by the sulfur concentration sensor during the sulfur poisoning recovery process exceeds a permissible limit, an operating state of the engine is controlled such that the sulfur oxide is released from the NOx catalyst, an amount of the released sulfur oxide is in a predetermined range, and the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide is reduced.