Abstract: A hydraulic drive system for storing and releasing hydraulic fluid includes a high pressure storage device, a low pressure storage device, a pump operating at a range of pump speeds for converting between mechanical energy and hydraulic energy, and a motor operating at a range of motor speeds for converting between hydraulic energy and mechanical energy. The pump and motor are both fluidly connected to the high and low pressure storage devices. The hydraulic drive system further includes a control valve fluidly connected to the high pressure storage device, the pump and the motor, the control valve being operable to selectively distribute high pressure fluid between the pump, motor and high pressure storage device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive system (1) having a first driving shaft (2) and having a second driving shaft (3). The second driving shaft (3) is connected to a cylinder barrel of a hydrostatic piston machine (4) in a torsionally rigid manner. The displacement volume of the hydrostatic piston machine (4) can be shifted by means of a shifting means (5), and the first driving shaft (2) can be mechanically coupled to the second driving shaft (3) through a clutch (6). The shifting means (5) and the clutch (6) can be actuated hydraulically and, for the purpose of actuation, are connected to a common control-pressure connection (11) or a common working-line connection (134).

Abstract: There is provided a hydraulic fluid supply structure including: a discharge line fluidly connected to a discharge port of a hydraulic pump body and regulated to have a first pressure value; an external hydraulic fluid extraction line for supplying the hydraulic fluid to an actuator for raising and lowering a working machine, the external hydraulic fluid extraction line being fluidly connected to the discharge line through a resistance valve; a PTO hydraulic fluid line for supplying the hydraulic fluid to a hydraulic operating type clutch mechanism for engaging or disengaging power transmission to the working machine, the PTO hydraulic line being fluidly connected to the discharge line through a throttle valve and regulated to have a second pressure value lower than the first pressure value; and a PTO switching valve interposed in the PTO hydraulic fluid line so as to turn ON/OFF the supply of the hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic clutch mechanism.

Abstract: The modular transmission uses only a pair of small and light hydraulic machines of remarkably improved volumetric efficiency with pistons having body portions substantially as long as the axial length of the respective cylinders in which they reciprocate. The two hydraulic machines operate in a closed loop, one being used as a pump driven by the vehicle's engine, and the other used as a motor. Each machine has a fully articulatable swash plate. By computer control, the angles of the swash plates of the two machines are infinitely varied to provide an appropriate optimum ratio of engine/wheel speed for all conditions from start-up, city driving, hill climbing varied according to load and steepness, and over-drive for highway. This complete vehicle operation is attained while the vehicle's engine continues to operate at relatively constant speeds and relatively low RPM.

Abstract: A working machine including an internal combustion engine for supplying torque to the driving wheels of the working machine, and a transmission line arranged between the internal combustion engine and the driving wheels for transmitting torque from the internal combustion engine to the driving wheels. The working machine further including at least one hydraulic pump in a hydraulic system for moving an implement arranged on the working machine and/or steering the working machine. The transmission line includes at least one electric machine for driving or braking the driving wheels, and/or for generating electric power for the at least one hydraulic pump.

Abstract: A hydromechanical transmission having a self actuating clutch assembly. The self-actuating clutch assembly comprises a first and second gear clutching elements and a shaft clutching element that engages a shaft. The shaft clutching element is a cone clutch that is actuated by a ball element that is biased towards the shaft clutching element by a spring element that is disposed through the shaft.

Abstract: There is provided a pump unit including a housing, a first and a second pump shafts, a first and a second hydraulic pump main bodies, a first and a second trunnion type movable swash pates, and a first and a second transmission gears. The housing has an inlet port for introducing oil from the outside into its pump accommodating chamber, an oil passage for communicating between the pump accommodating chamber and its gear accommodating chamber, and a discharge port for taking out oil from the gear accommodating chamber to the outside. The pump accommodating chamber includes a supporting wall that supports each base end of the swash plates so that each operational end of the swash plates is directed to the opposite directions to each other. The inlet port and the oil passage are respectively provided at one side and the other side of the pump accommodating chamber with the supporting wall as a reference.

Abstract: A transmission structure of a power unit for a vehicle is provided with a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission for shifting and transmitting driving force from an internal combustion engine to a rear wheel. An oil pump supplies oil to a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission and a neutral/drive switching clutch which is arranged between the transmission and a rear wheel. A hydraulic piston adjacent to each set of driving friction plates and driven friction plates is moved by pressure in an oil pressure chamber and which connects and disconnects the driving force. An oil passage to the neutral/drive switching clutch is branched from an oil passage from the oil pump to the upstream side of the transmission. The resulting configuration prevents a lowering operating pressure of the neutral/drive switching clutch.

Abstract: A power steering system for a vehicle includes a hydraulic pump interconnected with a power steering gear and a fluid coupling that operatively connects a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle with the hydraulic pump. The power steering system also includes an electronic controller operable to provide a variable control signal based on received input and a power electronic converter that energizes the fluid coupling in response to the control signal to vary torque transmitted via said fluid coupling.

Abstract: A power steering system for a vehicle includes a hydraulic pump connected to a power steering gear of the vehicle and a fluid coupling interconnecting a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle with the hydraulic pump. The power steering system also includes an electronic controller operable to provide a variable control signal based on received input and an amplifier to receive the variable control signal and energize the fluid coupling in response thereto to vary torque transmitted via the fluid coupling.

Abstract: A power unit includes an engine and a static hydraulic continuously variable transmission with a swash plate type hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, which are connected via a hydraulic pressure closing circuit. This power unit drives the hydraulic pump to rotate with the engine and performs swash plate angle control of the hydraulic motor. A crankshaft mechanism of the engine and a rotating mechanism of the static hydraulic continuously variable transmission are housed in a transmission housing. A cylinder of the engine is integrated with the transmission housing, and a swash plate control motor for swash plate angle control of the hydraulic motor is positioned at an area adjacent a root of the cylinder in the transmission housing.

Abstract: A magneto-electrohydraulic power steering system for a vehicle includes a magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump interconnecting a power steering gear of the vehicle and a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle. The magneto-electrohydraulic power steering system also includes a controller operatively connected to the magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump to generate a current signal to vary a speed of the magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor assembly having a motor and gear reduction set mounted in a housing. A brake assembly may be mounted in the port block to provide braking for the output axle or it may be located externally to the axle housing portion of the assembly. The housing may be formed of separate components, including the external surface of the ring gear and the hydraulic motor port block.

Abstract: A magneto-electrohydraulic power steering system for a vehicle includes a magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump interconnecting a power steering gear of the vehicle and a drive shaft of an engine of the vehicle. The magneto-electrohydraulic power steering system also includes a controller operatively connected to the magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump to generate a current signal to vary a speed of the magneto-electrohydraulic power steering pump.

Abstract: A method is provided for recovering energy in a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic circuit includes a pump having a swashplate and being in fluid communication with a hydraulic actuator via a valve. The method includes sensing an overrunning load condition in the hydraulic circuit, actuating the valve to provide fluid from the hydraulic actuator to the pump under the overrunning load condition, and producing a torque output from the fluid provided to the pump. Also, a method is provided for recovering energy in a hydraulic circuit including a pump and a motor in fluid communication with a hydraulic actuator via a valve. The method includes sensing an overrunning load condition in the hydraulic circuit, actuating the valve to provide fluid from the hydraulic actuator to the motor under the overrunning load condition, and producing a torque output from the fluid provided to the motor.

Abstract: A hydraulic travel controller, for use in controlling travel of a hydraulically driven machine, includes a travel control portion coupled to an operator mechanical user interface by a linkage. The travel control portion has an inlet hydraulically coupled to a pressure source. The travel control portion provides a plurality of outputs for controlling travel of the machine in response to positioning of the operator mechanical user interface. A brake control portion of the travel controller is hydraulically coupled to the plurality of outputs of the travel control portion. The brake control portion has an output hydraulically coupled to an input of a travel brake of the hydraulically driven machine. In response to a pressure at one or more of the plurality of outputs of the travel control portion, the brake control portion provides a pressure to the travel brake to thereby engage or disengage the travel brake.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: A braking system for braking a rotor relative to a stator, the braking system comprising braking means respectively secured to the rotor and to the stator, a brake piston, return means for returning the piston to its braking position, a braking chamber, and a brake release chamber, which chambers are interconnected via a link duct serving to generate a flow of fluid in an assisted braking situation in which the braking chamber is connected to a fluid feed duct, while the brake release chamber is connected to a fluid return duct. The link duct is equipped with means for limiting the flow of the fluid at least in the direction going from the brake release chamber to the braking chamber.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). All enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: The present invention is so designed that a housing of a transmission which can drive front wheels and rear wheels and a power take-off shaft is constructed having a first chamber and a second chamber. A hydrostatic transmission is housed in the first chamber. A gear-type speed changing unit is housed in the second chamber. A hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor are separately disposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the front wall of the first chamber. A clutch mechanism for engaging or disengaging with or from the front wheels for supplying power thereto is also provided. On the housing is provided a restraint mechanism for restraining rearward acceleration more than a predetermined speed by a speed control lever of the hydrostatic transmission when the gear-type speed changing unit is switched to the high speed setting.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). All enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: An integrated drive unit having planetary gearing and an annular cone brake element affixed to a hydraulic motor barrel. A brake piston encircles the hydraulic motor barrel and is selectively engageable with the cone brake element to actuate the cone brake element into frictional contact with the spindle of the integrated drive unit to act as a safety/parking brake. The cone brake element is formed of a bronze-type powdered metal of sufficient durability to withstand dynamic braking. The hydraulic motor is selectively connectable to a transmission including planetary gearing. The planetary gearing of the present invention includes a planet gear carrier having carrier pins formed of a relatively low carbon steel and locally hardened over the area on which the planet gears will be supported. In an alternative embodiment, a carrier pins sleeve formed of VESPEL is utilized as the bearing between the planet gear and the carrier pin.

Abstract: A brake design for a hydrostatic transaxle having a center section mounted in the transaxle housing and a pump and motor mounted on the center section. A disk brake assembly having at least one rotor is connected to the motor shaft and is entirely mounted in the housing. The design may also include a rotatable actuator mounted in the housing and extending therefrom for engaging the brake assembly.

Abstract: The present invention is so designed that a housing of a transmission which can drive front wheels and rear wheels and a power take-off shaft is constructed having a first chamber and a second chamber. A hydrostatic transmission is housed in the first chamber. A gear-type speed changing unit is housed in the second chamber. A hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor are separately disposed on the inner and outer surfaces of the front wall of the first chamber. A clutch mechanism for engaging or disengaging with or from the front wheels for supplying power thereto is also provided. On the housing is provided a restraint mechanism for restraining rearward acceleration more than a predetermined speed by a speed control lever of the hydrostatic transmission when the gear-type speed changing unit is switched to the high speed setting.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus for being mounted on the body frame of a vehicle and for independently rotating drive wheel members. The axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L), the single axle (20L) defining a proximal end portion rotatably mounted in the housing (40) and a distal end portion extending outwardly from a first side of the housing (40). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly (22) is disposed within the enlarged region. The speed change assembly (22) includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L).

Abstract: A snow thrower machine having an axle driving unit comprising a housing, consisting of a front housing and a rear housing and containing an axle. Disposed in the housing are a hydraulic pump, which receives power from an engine, a hydraulic motor, which is driven by pressurized oil received from hydraulic pump and a center section, having a pump mounting surface parallel to a joint surface between the front housing and the rear housing. The axle is supported by the front housing below the hydraulic pump and a parking brake system for the axle driving unit is disposed above an expanded portion of the front housing, which contains the axle. The parking brake system is constructed so that a lock pin, supported by the housing, can be engaged with a lock member, fixed onto a motor shaft of the hydraulic motor.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus includes a first axle driving unit (18L) having a housing (40) and a single axle (20L). An enlarged region is defined by the housing (40), with the enlarged region extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the single axle (20L). A hydraulic stepless speed change assembly is disposed in the enlarged region. The speed change assembly includes a hydraulic pump (52) having an input shaft (21) projecting from the enlarged region and includes a hydraulic motor (55) including an output shaft (74) drivingly connected to the single axle (20L). A second axle driving unit (18R) having similar construction is adjacently disposed to the first axle driving unit (18L). However, the second axle driving unit (18R) features a single axle (20R) being disposed on the opposite side of the single axle (20L) of the first axle driving unit (18L).

Abstract: A hydrostatic drive system is provided for a vehicle, in particular an industrial truck, with a hydrostatic traction drive system (16), a hydraulic work system (13) and a hydraulic steering system (9). The invention provides a drive system that is compact and exhibits improved operating behavior during the change from traction operation to coasting operation.

Abstract: What is disclosed is an inching and braking system for a hydraulically powered apparatus with a brake system and a drive system, wherein the drive system and the brake system can be controlled in order to generate a braking effect by actuating the inching and braking system. In the solution according to the invention, an inching valve arrangement and a brake valve arrangement can be coupled mechanically to one another so that the apparatus can be controlled more sensitively during transition from inching to braking.

Abstract: A mechanical disconnection mechanism for a hydrostatic transmission. The output shaft of the hydrostatic transmission is divided into a drive portion and a driven portion, with both the drive portion and the driven portion being provided with external splines or gears. To connect the drive portion to the driven portion, a splined sleeve is positioned to engage the splines of both the driven portion and the drive portion such that rotation of the drive portion rotates the driven portion. To disconnect the drive portion from the driven portion, the splined sleeve is positioned to engage only one of the drive portion and the driven portion. In the disconnected position, the implement may be manually pushed without reverse driving the hydraulic unit of the transmission to thereby allow for relatively easy movement. A brake is mounted about the driven portion of the output shaft to enable the vehicle to be stopped regardless of the position of the splined sleeve.

Abstract: An integrated hydrostatic transmission has a housing comprised of two separable elements detachably joined together along a substantially horizontal parting plane. A hydrostatic transmission including a hydrostatic pump, a hydrostatic motor, and a center section is separately mounted within the housing. The center section comprises a generally L-shaped member having a hydrostatic pump and motor mounting surfaces thereon disposed at right angles to each other. A pair of fluid ports is on each of the mounting surfaces, and internal passageways are in the L-shaped member connecting each of the fluid ports on one of the mounting surfaces with one of said fluid ports being on the other of the mounting surfaces. The L-shaped member comprises first and second legs integrally joined and extending at right angles to each other, with the first leg normally extending in a horizontal direction, and the second leg normally extending in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A combined mode hydrostatic transmission comprises a differential hydraulic motor and a variable capacity hydraulic pump for supplying this motor with pressurized oil. The differential hydraulic motor comprises a swash plate connected to an output shaft and a cylinder block joined to an input shaft. Further provided are a brake which selectively brakes the rotation of the cylinder block and a clutch which selectively interrupts the input rotation to the cylinder block. When the brake is operated and fluid is supplied from the variable capacity hydraulic pump with the clutch disengaged, the differential hydraulic motor functions in a HST mode. When the brake is released, the clutch is connected and fluid is supplied from the variable capacity hydraulic pump, the differential hydraulic motor functions in a HMT mode.

Abstract: An auxiliary hydraulic motor comprises a fixed casing having a cam, a cylinder block, an internal fluid distributor, and a through shaft which extends inside the casing along the axis of rotation of the cylinder block. The through shaft is constituted by a length of a vehicle transmission shaft. The motor includes an axially moving coupling member suitable, in a first position, for being engaged with the cylinder block and the shaft via first and second mechanical engagement means, and in a second position, for being disengaged from the cylinder block and/or the shaft.

Abstract: An electronic governor (34) to control a main steam valve (22) of a steam turbine (10) for controlling the rotational speed of a main drive shaft (16). The electronic governor (34) has a housing (36) in which an electric generator (104) is mounted to supply electrical energy to an electronic module (100) mounted on the housing (36). A hydraulic fluid pump (52) is mounted on the housing (36) and supplies fluid to a fluid operated piston (62) to effect a predetermined rotation of an output control shaft (32) and movement of main steam valve (22). Output signals from a microprocessor (116) to solenoid operated valves (96, 98) control the movement of fluid operated piston (62). Pump shaft (46) and generator shaft (48) are in axial alignment with and driven by the main drive shaft (16) to provide all of the power for operation of the electronic governor (34).

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus which houses a hydraulic transmission and axles in an axle casing. A pump shaft projects outwardly from the axle casing for inputting engine power. A power take-off shaft, connected in association with the pump shaft, is juxtaposed with the pump shaft in the axle casing, whereby there is no need to separately provide a power take-off route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission. A power transmission route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission is also used as a power take-off route, thereby enabling the power take-off shaft to be driven. The power take-off shaft is juxtaposed in the vicinity of the axle casing to simplify power transmission from the power take-off shaft to a working machine.

Abstract: A mechanical disconnection mechanism for a hydrostatic transmission. The output shaft of the hydrostatic transmission is divided into a drive portion and a driven portion, with both the drive portion and the driven portion being provided with external splines or gears. To connect the drive portion to the driven portion, a splined sleeve is positioned to engage the splines of both the driven portion and the drive portion such that rotation of the drive portion rotates the driven portion. To disconnect the drive portion from the driven portion, the splined sleeve is positioned to engage only one of the drive portion and the driven portion. In the disconnected position, the implement may be manually pushed without reverse driving the hydraulic unit of the transmission to thereby allow for relatively easy movement. A brake is mounted about the driven portion of the output shaft to enable the vehicle to be stopped regardless of the position of the splined sleeve.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor system minimizes wasted power by using a plurality of fixed displacement hydraulic motors to drive a drive shaft in a cooperative manner. The motors are selectively switched into operation in response to variations in fluid pressure. As a consequence the hydraulic fluid acts upon a motor system having an effective combined displacement for producing a predetermined shaft rotation rate at the volumetric flow rate which caused the pressure condition. The invention is disclosed as having particular utility for driving a cooling fan for an automotive engine.

Abstract: A hydraulic motor system minimizes wasted power by using a plurality of fixed displacement hydraulic motors to drive a drive shaft in a cooperative manner. The motors are selectively switched into operation in response to variations in fluid pressure. As a consequence the hydraulic fluid acts upon a motor system having an effective combined displacement for producing a predetermined shaft rotation rate at the volumetric flow rate which caused the pressure condition. The invention is disclosed as having particular utility for driving a cooling fan for an automotive engine.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus which houses a hydraulic transmission and axles in an axle casing. A pump shaft projects outwardly from the axle casing for inputting engine power. A power take-off shaft, connected in association with the pump shaft, is juxtaposed with the pump shaft in the axle casing, whereby there is no need to separately provide a power take-off route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission. A power transmission route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission is also used as a power take-off route, thereby enabling the power take-off shaft to be driven. The power take-off shaft is juxtaposed in the vicinity of the axle casing to simplify power transmission from the power take-off shaft to a working machine.

Abstract: Disclosed is a a time delay valve, which has a reduced number of components so that the manufacture thereof is easy and the number of manufacturing processes is reduced, and by which the delay time thereof is easily reset and changed. The time delay valve is disposed incorporated in a casted-housing of the hydraulic motor to be prevented from being damaged. The time delay valve has a spool movably disposed therein in such a manner to be elastically supported by a spring and be moved by a signal pressure applied to a signal pressure port, and an orifice spool movably disposed therein with being elastically supported by another spring. The constant pressure port and the pressure receiving chamber is interconnected with each other through an oil flowing path in the course of an alternating stroke of the spool. The orifice spool is moved by the elastic force of the spring and the pressure difference between a spring chamber of the orifice spool and an oil flowing path.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus which is so constructed that an input pulley for engine power is set lower in mounting position with respect to the axis of a driving axle so as to enable the platform of a vehicle to be lowered. The engine position lowers to promote miniaturization, a lower center of gravity and running stability of the vehicle. For maintenance of the transmission for driving the axle, the entire axle driving apparatus need not be removed from the frame of the vehicle. A bearing for supporting the axle to the casing is held with exact dimensional precision so as not to cause a backlash on the axle, to thereby prolong the life span of the bearing. The axle is ensured to be sealed, the number of mounting bolts for the casing need not be increased in order to improve rigidity, and the casing is strong so that the assembly time for the axle driving apparatus is minimized.

Abstract: An axle driving apparatus which houses a hydraulic transmission and axles in an axle casing. A pump shaft projects outwardly from the axle casing for inputting engine power. A power take-off shaft, connected in association with the pump shaft, is juxtaposed with the pump shaft in the axle casing, whereby there is no need to separately provide a power take-off route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission. A power transmission route from the engine to the hydraulic transmission is also used as a power take-off route, thereby enabling the power take-off shaft to be driven. The power take-off shaft is juxtaposed in the vicinity of the axle casing to simplify power transmission from the power take-off shaft to a working machine.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus can perform high-accuracy positioning in a short time without a Curvic (trademark) or positioning coupling. With provision of a hydraulic motor having a rotary shaft fixed to a turret head and a hollow type rotary encoder for detecting the angle of rotation of the rotary shaft, rotation of the hydraulic motor is controlled by a controller via a control valve. Locking of the rotary shaft is performed by a rebound force of a spring provided in a hydraulic cylinder by pressing a pad provided at a tip portion of a rod against a disk. Unlocking of the rotary shaft is performed by supplying a hydraulic fluid into a cylinder chamber by switching a directional control valve.

Abstract: In a neutral to drive shift timing control mechanism, a flow control arrangement is utilized in an electro-hydraulic control system for controlling a clutch fill period of a neutral to drive shift sequence. The hydraulic control system provides a pressure pulse of predetermined time which opens a valve to permit fluid flow to bypass an accumulator feed orifice to pressurize the clutch apply cylinder and piston to a value substantially equal to the piston return spring force without providing excess flow to the accumulator. The clutch apply pressure is then permitted to increase at a more normal rate which is controlled by the accumulator. The engagement time is determined so that the pulse time can be adjusted if the neutral to drive shift is not within a predetermined time range.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system has first and second actuators that can be selectively moved to a second operating position dependant upon the pressure of hydraulic fluid being simultaneously transmitted thereto through a common conduit. The force of the springs of the first and second actuators is selected so that when the pressure of the hydraulic fluid is at a preselected low pressure, only one of the actuators is moved to its second position and both of the actuators is moved to their second positions when the fluid is at a preselected high pressure. The use of a common conduit for carrying fluid to the actuators eliminates the expense and complexity of providing another flow path between rotatable parts of a vehicle.

Abstract: The steering of a motor vehicle is assisted by a power steering means including a hydraulic distributor which is supplied with pressurized fluid by a pump from a reservoir. The vehicle also has a clutch having hydraulic servo assistance supplied by a servo unit. The distributor of the power steering system and the clutch servo unit are both supplied with hydraulic fluid from the same pump and reservoir, through a distribution unit which is so arranged that the power steering system has first call at all times on the available pressurized fluid. The distributor unit includes a flow distributing valve, fed from the pump and dividing the flow between a main circuit which leads to the steering distributor, and a secondary circuit which leads to the servo unit. A pressure regulating valve is connected to both the main circuit and the secondary circuit so as to regulate the pressure in each of these circuits according to the demand of the power steering system.

Abstract: The assembly of a fluid motor with two cubic capacities and of a brake which is coupled thereto, is disclosed. According to the invention, the large cubic capacity of the motor can be selected only when the brake is in its brake-release configuration. One application of the invention is the production of a "braked" motor provided with a relatively small, but operationally reliable brake.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an assembly of a pressurized fluid mechanism and a brake coupled thereto. The assembly comprises an internal fluid distributor value having a communication face defining, within the housing of the assembly, two enclosures separated by the communication face and a brake comprising a brake-release chamber. The brake-release chamber is in permanent communication with at least one of the two enclosures resulting in a high yield motor of moderate cost.