Abstract: A steer/brake system for a vehicle (with wheels and/or tracks) is disclosed. The system may comprise a steering system with an operator control and braking system for each side of the vehicle with a master cylinder for the brake mechanism and an interface between the braking system and the operator control. Operation may provide a phase where the interface is at least partially engaged and force may be applied through the interface to the master cylinder to engage the brake mechanism to provide modulation for the operator control. A steering emulation system may comprise the interface and a compliant element configured to provide modulation for the operator control. The system may comprise a shared hydraulic system; the brake mechanism may comprise the steering brake mechanism and the service brake mechanism.

Abstract: A flow control device includes a housing having a primary valve body defining a primary inlet and an outlet, a secondary valve body defining a secondary inlet, and a chamber defined by an inner circumferential surface of the housing and fluidly connecting the primary and secondary inlets with the outlet. The primary and secondary inlets share a common central axis perpendicularly disposed to a central axis of the outlet. A valve member is reciprocally mounted in the chamber to block fluid communication between the secondary inlet and the outlet when fluid pressure into the primary inlet is higher than fluid pressure into the secondary inlet, and) block fluid communication between the primary inlet and the outlet when fluid pressure into the secondary inlet is higher than fluid pressure into the primary inlet.

Abstract: A boom conveyor includes a boom that carries a conveyor, a support structure for the boom, a rear pivot joint that connects a rear end of the boom to the support structure, and a pivot drive that controls pivoting movement of the boom about the rear pivot joint. The boom conveyor apparatus includes an operator platform and an attachment mechanism at a front end of the boom whereby the operator platform may be attached to the boom or detached therefrom. The attachment mechanism includes a leveling mechanism that is configured to apply a leveling adjustment to the operator platform.

Abstract: A boom conveyor includes a boom that carries a conveyor, a support structure for the boom, a rear pivot joint that connects a rear end of the boom to the support structure, and a pivot drive that controls pivoting movement of the boom about the rear pivot joint. The boom conveyor apparatus includes an operator platform and an attachment mechanism at a front end of the boom whereby the operator platform may be attached to the boom or detached therefrom. The attachment mechanism includes a leveling mechanism that is configured to apply a leveling adjustment to the operator platform.

Abstract: A steer/brake system for a vehicle (with wheels and/or tracks) is disclosed. The system may comprise a steering system with an operator control and braking system for each side of the vehicle with a master cylinder for the brake mechanism and an interface between the braking system and the operator control. Operation may provide a phase where the interface is at least partially engaged and force may be applied through the interface to the master cylinder to engage the brake mechanism to provide modulation for the operator control. A steering emulation system may comprise the interface and a compliant element configured to provide modulation for the operator control. The system may comprise a shared hydraulic system; the brake mechanism may comprise the steering brake mechanism and the service brake mechanism.

Abstract: A hydraulic brake assembly (12) includes a housing (24) having first and second side-by-side bores (30), each defining a respective master cylinder assembly. Each master cylinder assembly includes a master cylinder piston (32) slidably movable by actuation of a respective brake pedal (18a, 18b) to and between an active position and an inactive position. A spool (74) slidably disposed within a piston bore (70) of the master cylinder piston (32) is operable in a first mode to direct hydraulic fluid from a quick-fill chamber (62) to a master cylinder chamber (50) at a first pressure upon initial movement of the master cylinder piston (32) from the inactive position toward the active position. The spool (74) is operable in a second mode to direct hydraulic fluid from the quick-fill chamber (62) to a tank (20) when pressure in the master cylinder chamber (50) reaches a predefined threshold.

Abstract: A primary piston assembly for a master brake cylinder of a braking system of a vehicle, including a first primary piston component having a first piston element to which a driver braking force is transmittable in such a way that a pressure chamber volume of a pressure chamber of a master brake cylinder of the braking system which is fillable with liquid is reducible by moving the first piston element with the aid of the driver braking force, and a second primary piston component having a second piston element to which the first braking assisting force is transmittable in such a way that the pressure chamber volume of the pressure chamber is reducible by moving the second piston element with the aid of the first braking assisting force.

Abstract: In a brake device, when a piston (38A, 38B) of a slave cylinder (23) seizes at an advanced position, an out-valve (60, 61) is opened to discharge brake fluid in a wheel cylinder (16, 17; 20, 21) to a reservoir (62). Then, an in-valve (54, 56) and the out-valve (60, 61) are both closed, and a pump (64) is activated. This allows the brake fluid in the reservoir (62) to be supplied to a fluid pressure chamber (39A, 39B) of the slave cylinder (23), enabling a piston (38A, 38B) of the slave cylinder (23), which has seized at the advanced position, to be pushed back to a retreated position. When the seizure of the piston (38A, 38B) is eliminated in this way, the brake fluid pressure generated in the master cylinder (11) can be supplied to the wheel cylinder (16, 17; 20, 21) via the fluid pressure chamber (39A, 39B) of the slave cylinder (23). Accordingly, it is proposed a method of eliminating seizure of a slave cylinder of a brake device capable of the backup of a failure in the slave cylinder (23).

Abstract: A pneumatic actuator (100) is provided according to the invention. The actuator (100) comprises an actuator body (102) and a piston rod (108) extending from the actuator body (102). The piston rod (108) moves over an actuation span. The actuation span comprises a first stroke span that is traversed by the piston rod (108) at a first actuation speed and a second stroke span that is traversed at a second actuation speed that is substantially slower than the first actuation speed.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an actuator control apparatus, comprising primary control means for producing a control signal used to control an operation of an actuator in accordance with an instruction signal indicative of an operation of the actuator, secondary control means for producing a control signal in accordance with the instruction signal; and switching means for selectively switching one of the primary control means and the secondary control means to the other, and in which the secondary control means is less in the number of functions than the primary control means, and each of components constituting the secondary control means is easier in fault verification than a component constituting the primary control means the most difficult in fault verification among all of components constituting the primary control means.

Abstract: A digital hydraulic system including a hydraulic source, a housing and a transtatic bridge. The transtatic bridge being substantially contained within the housing. The transtatic bridge being in fluid communication with the hydraulic source. The transtatic bridge communicating a force to or from a shaft or a fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for telecontrolling a function of drives for vehicles or machines. The device consists of at least two manual gearboxes which are arranged at a distance from the drive to be controlled, the gearboxes respectively having a double acting cylinder arrangement comprising two cylinder chambers which can be actuated in counterrotation for a hydraulic flow medium, in order to control at least one function of said drive.

Abstract: A bi-directional braking assembly for a vehicle includes a hydraulic booster assembly for applying proportional fluid pressure to a brake assembly and is actuated by a forward pedal. A master cylinder actuated by a rear pedal communicates fluid to the hydraulic booster assembly through a hydraulic booster valve. The hydraulic booster valve includes a piston movable to regulate hydraulic pressure in response to actuation of first and second plungers. The second plunger is movable along an axis separate from the first plunger in response to actuation of a master cylinder by a rear pedal. The master cylinder provides pressure to the booster valve assembly that acts on an area between the first and second plunger assemblies to move the second plunger away from the first plunger to actuate and move the booster piston within the valve.

Abstract: A stroke control tool for controlling the position of a subterranean well hydraulically actuated double acting piston and cylinder actuator assembly. The tool includes hydraulic fluid measuring means positioned adjacent the well and is connected to the actuator by relatively inelastic hydraulic lines so that the volume of fluid communicating between the measuring means and the actuator can accurately be measured for determining the position of the actuator.

Abstract: A manually operated in-line secondary master cylinder can be configured for use with any hydraulic system which accommodates multiple manual input forces, and which requires the secondary input device to operate independently of the primary input device. The secondary master cylinder can be placed directly in a primary system operating pressure line, where it has no effect on system operation until it is actuated. Unlike a conventional master cylinder, the device draws a very small amount of charging fluid directly from the primary system line due to its use of a split piston, free backflow and volume displacement approach.

Abstract: A hydro-pneumatic pressure booster is proposed in which the reservoir chamber is limited by an elastic partition wall instead of a sliding piston.

Abstract: A two-stage pressure cylinder having a work cylinder (17,100) with a work piston (18,108), and piston rod (20,110) for contact with a work piece, in which the work piston is movable, an oil cylinder (56,116) to contain hydraulic fluid (H), an oil piston (58,118) in the oil cylinder, an air cylinder (72,122), an air piston (74,124) in the air cylinder, and an air piston rod (80,126) connected to the air piston and communicating with the hydraulic fluid, and valves allowing hydraulic fluid to pass from the oil cylinder to the work cylinder to operate the work piston, and on a reverse stroke flow being operable to permit return flow of fluid from the work cylinder into the oil cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device for monitoring the pressure in at least two pressure-tight analysis vessels, that have been sealed by means of lids, whereby heat is supplied to the analysis vessels by means of a heating apparatus. The internal pressure of the analysis vessel acts on its lid. The lid is connected to a piston in a closed hydraulic system. The force, that is dependent on the internal pressure of the analysis vessel, is transferred by the lid to the piston in the hydraulic system. A lid and a piston are assigned to every analysis vessel. In addition, a stop device is assigned to each piston, whereby the stop device limits the outward movement of the piston in the event of excess pressure in the hydraulic system relative to the internal pressure of the analysis vessel. The pistons are connected to one another via the hydraulic system.

Abstract: An intensifier type of fluid actuator includes a body including a first manifold connected by a first tube to a second manifold to define an intensifier chamber, a third manifold connected by a second tube to the second manifold to define a reservoir chamber, and a fourth manifold connected by a third tube to the third manifold to define a work chamber. A reservoir piston is disposed within the reservoir chamber and has an outer surface in sealing and sliding engagement with the second tube. The reservoir piston includes an inner surface defined by a central opening formed therethrough which extends from a first end of the reservoir piston adjacent to the second manifold to a second end of the reservoir piston adjacent to the third manifold. A passageway is formed in the reservoir piston which extends from the inner surface to the outer surface, thereof.

Abstract: A mirror assembly for external use on large trucks, tractors, buses, etc. A first reflective surface is pivotably supported with respect to a large, shell-like housing in such a way that the surface is movable at will about two perpendicular axes. A powered hydraulic means is used for selectively rotating the reflective surface to a desired position and normally holding it in a static mode. The hydraulic means includes reservoirs in communication with two hydraulic cylinders, and a plurality of check valves arranged in sets and interposed between the reservoirs and the chambers in the cylinders. The hydraulic fluid is chosen from the group that comprises engine oil, power steering fluid, transmission oil and ethylene glycol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a brake system with anti-lock control and traction slip control having a master cylinder to which braking pressure can be applied by a brake pedal, which is furnished with pressure fluid by a pressure fluid reservoir, and which is connected to at least one brake cylinder of a driven wheel via at least one brake line; a low-pressure accumulator and a return-delivery pump for the anti-lock operation, as well as a supply pressure generating source with a limited fuel delivery for traction slip control which is arranged in the pressure fluid reservoir. The supply pressure generating source can be used for the rapid preliminary fill-up of the brake cylinder when the pump starts to operate, as well as for generating a supply pressure on the suction side of the pump.

Abstract: The subject invention relates to a fluid pressure intensifier (32) for increasing the pressure of an incompressible fluid and comprises a fluid reservoir (112) supplying fluid to a cylinder housing (72). The housing (72) includes first inlet (88) and outlet (90) cylinders extending between opposite ends (74,76) of the housing (72) and slideably receiving first inlet (96) and outlet (100) pistons therein. Second inlet (92) and outlet (94) cylinders are spaced parallel to the first cylinders (88,90) and further extend between the housing ends (74,76) for slideably receiving second inlet (98) and outlet (102) pistons therein. The first pistons (96,100) are forced in unison axially through the housing (72) to increase the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the first outlet cylinder (90).

Abstract: In a master cylinder and booster assembly for a vehicle hydraulic system, the booster has a housing provided with a bore, an inlet connected to a source of hydraulic pressure, and an outlet connected to a booster reservoir, input and boost pistons working in the bore and a boost chamber for pressurization by fluid from the source, under the control of valve means, to actuate the boost piston which in turn actuates the master cylinder. The booster has a permanent connection between the boost chamber and the outlet and a connection between the source and the boost chamber which is closed when the booster is inoperative and open during operation. In order to provide a supply of fluid for a master cylinder reservoir, the booster has a feed passage leading from the bore to the master cylinder reservoir and an overflow passage leading from that reservoir to the outlet.

Abstract: A modular digital actuator is formed by interconnecting a plurality of modules. Each of the modules includes a housing having a pair of different sized axially extending cylinder sections in which is received a T-shaped piston with the top of the T mating with the larger cylinder and the leg of the T forming a piston in the smaller cylinder. The leg of the T is hollow and forms a cylinder to receive an axially extending piston forming shaft to thereby provide three preferably different sized cooperating piston and cylinder areas, one formed in the cavity or hollows of the leg of the T, a second formed between the top of the T surrounding the leg of the T and the junction between the larger cylinder section and smaller cylinder section and the third formed in the smaller cylinder section between a closed free end of the smaller cylinder section and the leg of the T surrounding the piston forming shaft. The top of the T forms a piston wall in a fourth hydraulic cavity.

Abstract: A system for controlling a fluid pressure such a brake fluid pressure of a vehicle includes a pressure control cylinder having a control piston for varying a pressure of a confined fluid, and a motor for producing a mechanical force for actuating the control piston. To reduce the load of the motor, a hydraulic assist circuit is interposed between the motor and the control piston. The hydraulic assist circuit creates a hydraulic assist pressure by receiving the force of the motor, and converting the assist pressure into a linear motion of the control piston. The mechanical force of the motor is converted to hydraulic assist pressure through a pressurizing piston. The hydraulic assist pressure created by the pressurizing piston is exerted against a working piston. The working piston is connected to the control piston.

Abstract: A system for controlling a fluid pressure includes a pressure modulating cylinder unit having a piston and a cylinder housing defining first and second fluid chambers separated by the piston, a cutoff valve unit for isolating the first and second chambers from a pressure source and from each other, and a motor unit for pushing and pulling the piston to vary the fluid pressure in the first chamber. When the system is used for controlling a brake fluid pressure of a vehicle, the first chamber is connected with a wheel cylinder, and the valve unit is arranged to isolate the wheel cylinder and the first and second chambers from a master cylinder.

Abstract: In a hydraulic cylinder apparatus of a type actuated by a booster, a plunger chamber (39) of a booster (32) is connected in communication with an extension cylinder chamber (35) of a hydraulic cylinder (30). An annular oil make-up chamber (48) is disposed outside an outer peripheral surface of the cylinder chamber (35). The oil make-up chamber (48) is connected in communication with the plunger chamber (39) and an electromagnetically opened and closed type shutoff valve (49) is interposed between both said chambers (39) (48).

Abstract: An oleopneumatic load intensifier apparatus for creating a rapid advance of a tool carrying rod followed by slow advance of the piston rod at an increased load. The apparatus has a master cylinder and an actuating cylinder that can assume different positions with respect to the master cylinder while maintaining fluid communication therewith. An enclosed hydraulic system is shared by the master and actuating cylinders. Pneumatic pressure actuates a piston within the master cylinder that causes a rapid advancement of a hydraulically fed piston within the actuating cylinder, causing a piston rod and a tool associated therewith to contact a workpiece. Pneumatic pressure then causes a piston and associated piston rod, located in the master cylinder, to increase the hydraulic pressure in the line to the hydraulically fed piston located within the actuating cylinder, thus, increasing the load delivered to the workpiece.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a hydraulic braking system for an automotive vehicle having a power source for generating a hydraulic power pressure, a reservoir, a master cylinder, a hydraulic booster for actuating the master cylinder in response to depression of a brake pedal and a plurality of wheel brake cylinders for braking respective road wheels. The hydraulic booster has a power piston for actuating a master piston of the master cylinder, and defines a first boost chamber which introduces the hydraulic power pressure from the power source to apply to the power piston, and a second boost chamber which is separated from the first boost chamber by the power piston and which introduces a hydraulic pressure from the first boost chamber to actuate the master piston.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator is formed by a first element incorporating a plurality of different sized piston cavities by a first set of piston elements which cooperate with a second set of piston elements and piston cavities respectively formed on a second element. Each of the cavities is selectively connected to a source of high pressure fluid or a source of low pressure fluid. The second element forms a driven piston in a cylinder formed by an extension of the first element. A second cylinder of a cross sectional area different from the first cylinder is hydrulically connected to the first cylinder and incorporates a second piston at its end remote from the first piston. The force or distance travelled by the second piston is correlated with that of the first or driven piston in a ratio equal to the ratio of the cross sectional areas of the two pistons. Preferably the second piston will be a double acting piston so that pressure may be applied to force the driven piston and first element together.

Abstract: A hydraulic actuator is formed by an assembly including a first element, a cylinder, a body section and a chamber. The first element is provided with a first set of a plurality of different sized piston cavities and piston elements which cooperate with a second set of piston elements and piston cavities respectively formed on a second element. The second element forms a piston in cylinder. The body sides incorporates, preferably in symmetrical relationship around the axis, of the assembly a plurality of valves, one valve for each of the pairs of cooperating pistons and cavities. A piston divides the chamber into a high pressure reservoir and a low pressure reservoir with the piston being urged toward the high pressure reservoir to maintain a difference in pressure between the high and low pressure reservoirs.

Abstract: The brake system has an apparatus for traction control having a pressure generator. The pressure generator has a longitudinally displaceable cylinder for receiving brake fluid. The cylinder is connected by means of a valve to a pressure course between a master brake cylinder and a wheel brake cylinder. An actuating element is provided for closing and opening the pressure course to the master brake cylinder as a function of the cylinder position. The actuating element, extending coaxially between the cylinder and the valve comprises a tube and furnishes hydraulic communication between the cylinder and the valve. If excessive drive slip occurs, brake fluid can be positively displaced out of the cylinder by longitudinal displacement thereof, and brake pressure can be generated in the wheel brake cylinder. The actuating element assumes a piston function, which enables a structure of the cylinder having a smaller diameter and a long stroke. This makes for more accurate adjustment of the brake pressure.

Abstract: A dual mode clutch control system for a motor vehicle in which the operator has the choice of operating the clutch manually or having the clutch operated in a power mode in response to movement of the gear shift lever. Two embodiments are disclosed. In both embodiments, a mode selector switch is provided which is movable between a manual mode and a power mode. In one embodiment, the power mode is provided by a master cylinder assembly in which the piston of the master cylinder is normally moved by an input rod connected to the clutch pedal but in which an annular pressure chamber is provided in communication with the piston to which pressurized fluid may be delivered from a pressure source when the mode selector switch is positioned in the power mode. The source of pressurized fluid may comprise a motor driving a pump and an accumulator for storing pressurized fluid from the pump.

Abstract: An oleopneumatic load intensifier apparatus for creating a rapid advance of a tool carrying piston rod followed by slow advance of the piston rod at an increased load. The apparatus has a master cylinder and an actuating cylinder that can assume different positions with respect to the master cylidner while maintaining fluid communication therewith. An enclosed hydraulic system is shared by the master and actuating cylinders. Pneumatic pressure actuates a piston within the master cylinder that causes a rapid advancement of a hydraulic fed piston within the actuating cylinder, causing a piston rod and a tool associated therewith to contact a workpiece. Pneumatic pressure then causes a piston and associated piston rod, located in the master cylinder, to increase the hydraulic pressure in the line to the hydraulic fed piston located within the actuating cylinder, thus, increasing the load delivered to the workpiece.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic actuator assembly comprises a master piston-and-cylinder 32, 42 connected to be driven by a rotary actuator 56 and hydraulically connected to a slave master piston-and-cylinder 12 coupled to an output member, e.g. a throttle linkage rod 10, for automatic control of the displacement of the member 10. An override for manual control of the member 10 is provided by a valve 60 which, when opened, hydraulically shortcircuits the member 10 by equalizing pressures on the two sides of the slave piston 16. To re-establish automatic control and synchronize master and slave, a (possibly remote) controller 80 shuts the valve 60 and drives the actuator 56 until master and slave pistons both attain end positions; if necessary, by reopening valve 60 for a short time and continuing to drive the actuator 56.

Abstract: A brake booster has a first booster cylinder and a booster piston disposed in it for displacing a master cylinder piston to pressurize a brake circuit. A tappet displaces the first booster piston directly if boost fluid pressure is inadequate. A second booster piston in a parallel booster cylinder drives a pump piston which also pressurizes the brake circuit. The second booster piston and the pump piston have hydraulically effective surface areas which are matched to one another so as to have a larger boosting ratio than the first booster piston and master cylinder piston. Forward displacement of the second booster piston causes a bent arm to contact and push the first booster piston forward. If the boost pressure supply apparatus fails, then only the first booster piston and the master cylinder piston are displaced by the brake pedal; brake pedal travel increases considerably.

Abstract: A fluid actuator including at least two cylinders connected to a common pressurized-fluid supply mechanism. Actuation units are connected to piston rods of the cylinders, respectively. The piston of one of the cylinders is operated by pressurized fluid, and when the piston is moved back, the pressure in the cylinder is increased to operate the piston of the other cylinder. The actuation units are thus operated with a certain amount of interval of time or in a synchronous mode.

Abstract: Hydraulic booster device intended to be arranged in parallel with a primary actuation circuit between an actuator mechanism and a receiver, the device comprising an electromagnetic valve mechanism (10) arranged between an actuator (12) and a pressure-fluid source (16), the actuator (12) comprising a piston means (56, 66, 92) displaceable under the effect of the pressure-fluid and intended to actuate the receiver independently in response to an electrical control signal supplied to the valve mechanism (10).

Abstract: A pusher comprises a body with a plurality of piston holes provided on a front surface thereof, pistons slidably fitted to the piston holes and each having a front end extending in front of the body, an oil passage provided in the body and communicated with a bottom portion of each piston hole, a pressure chamber provided in the body and communicated with the oil passage, a threaded shaft threadably fitted to a threaded hole which is provided in the body and communicated with the pressure chamber, and oil filled in the bottom portion of each piston hole, the oil passage and the pressure chamber, where the piston is adapted to be pushed in front of the body by the threadable advancing of the threaded shaft at force larger than the advancing force of the threaded shaft.

Abstract: A brake system wherein an input from an operator operates a first master cylinder (12) produces first and second hydraulic fluid pressures. Flexible conduit (22 and 24) carries the first and second hydraulic fluid pressures to an actuator (26) for a hydraulic power booster (28). A plunger (58) in the actuator (26) reacts either to the first hydraulic fluid pressure or the second hydraulic fluid pressure by moving to operate the hydraulic power booster (28). Operation of the hydraulic power booster (28) provides an input force to develop first and second operation fluid pressures in a second master cylinder (30) to effect a brake application.

Abstract: On actuation, each pressure generator at each of a plurality of locations along a conduit develops a pressure rise in the conduit to energize a pressure sensitive device in fluid communication with the conduit. Each pressure generator includes a bulbous member which expels a quantity of fluid (air) into the conduit when depressed and a valve for segregating the volume defined by the bulbous member from the conduit except when the bulbous member is depressed to minimize dissipation by a nonactuated pressure generator of the pressure rise within the conduit and generated by another actuated pressure generator.

Abstract: A hydraulic driving system for motorcycle gear shift includes a primary cylinder combination, a secondary cylinder and a set of delivery conduits for handling hydraulic fluid connected therebetween, in which two primary cylinders with different diameters are oppositely formed in a hollow portion of a motorcycle handle and the two primary cylinders are respectively fluidically communicated with the secondary cylinder to reciprocatively and linearly move a gear rack and to drive the shaft of the gear shift by rotating a twist bar, formed on the handle, having an inclined-plane tongue alternatively actuating the two primary cylinders in the handle.

Abstract: A brake control system in which the master cylinder has two pressurizing chambers for each brake circuit. Three brake circuits are disclosed in detail. One piston of each set of pressurizing chambers is directly applied by brake pedal force. The other piston of each set receives brake pedal force through resilient means, with additional force supplied by suitable servomotors. The servomotors are individually controlled to provide power-assist when appropriate, or to decrease the forces supplied by them to control wheel slip or wheel spin.

Abstract: A power brake unit for automotive vehicles comprising a valve adapted to meter fluid from an energy source into a booster chamber to act upon a booster piston arrangement. The booster piston arrangement includes a first booster piston and a second booster piston with the second booster piston being inoperative in the event of failure of the energy source. If the energy source fails, the pedal force is directly and mechanically transmitted from the brake pedal to the master cylinder piston via the first booster piston.

Abstract: An improved system for finely and precisely controlling the operational position of a glass electrode, micropipette, micro surgical knife or the like with the aid of hydraulic remote control devices including hydraulic hoses is disclosed. This system includes a control stand with an actuator assembly firmly mounted thereon, said actuator assembly comprising X-, Y- and Z-coordinate actuators, a first fine adjusting device for roughly adjusting the X- and Y-coordinate actuators and a second fine adjusting device for adjusting the Z-coordinate actuator and moreover finely adjusting the X- and Y-coordinate actuators. A glass electrode or the like to be finely located is adjustably mounted on the actuator assembly.

Abstract: According to the invention, the braking system includes two tandem master cylinders (100, 200), the first (100) having a first pressure chamber (110) connected to the left brake (132) of the tractor and a second pressure chamber (112) connected to the trailer brakes (300), and the second having a first pressure chamber (210) connected to the right brake (232) of the tractor and a second pressure chamber (212) likewise connected to the trailer brakes (300). The invention may be utilized with certain vehicles, in particular agriculture tractors.

Abstract: An apparatus that controls movement of an arm through a gaseous or liquid fluid. The apparatus incorporates a plurality of longitudinally extensible hose members that expand and contract their respective lengths responsive to introduction and withdrawal, respectively, of hydraulic fluid thereinto and therefrom. The hose members are interconnected to one another through a plurality of longitudinally spaced, transversely disposed brace members that may serve as lever means so that expansion or contraction of one hose member can effect an opposite response in an opposed member. The brace members may be interconnected by a spine means that coincides with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the apparatus. A sheath covers the apparatus. The arm has applications in the field of robotics and a special rat tail-like form of the apparatus provides a low drag substitute for conventional aircraft rudder and elevator assemblies.

Abstract: A maximum displacement, reciprocating air operated demand only hydraulic power unit for supplying hydraulic fluid under pressure to one or more hydraulic motors, comprising a pneumatic power cylinder having a power piston therein, a hydraulic slave cylinder having a slave piston therein powered by said power piston, said slave cylinder being connected to each said hydraulic motor to power same, a valve mechanism for controlling the supply of air and oil to said power and slave cylinders, a mechanism to control the valve mechanism to operate the unit in a steady reciprocating motion, and an intensifier for two stage operation of said motors in either operating direction of the unit. An accumulator may also be included to supply fluid when the unit changes direction.

Abstract: There is disclosed an air operated demand only hydraulic power unit for supplying hydraulic fluid under presure to one or more hydraulic working motors, comprising an extensible pneumatic power motor including an extensible power transmitting member, an extensible hydraulic slave motor including an extensible slave member powered by said power transmitting member, said slave motor being connected to each said hydraulic working motor to power same, valving for controlling the supply of air and oil to said power and slave motors, and a reset valve for insuring full volume cycling of said slave member in said slave motor. In one embodiment the reset is indicated by sensing the various pressure changes after all working motors are extended and then valving leftover oil to a reservoir. A second embodiment accomplishes the reset on a time delay basis.

Abstract: In a power braking system for a vehicle a supply of fluid from a power source is utilized to augment the output pressure to be supplied to a brake from a pedal-operated brake control valve assembly. The power source comprises a source of hydraulic fluid of a type different from that which is supplied to the brake from the control valve assembly, and the fluid under pressure from the pressure source is supplied to at least one pressure converter which is adapted to pressurize hydraulic fluid in a sub-system to augment the output pressure from the control valve assembly. The sub-system is provided with hydraulic fluid of a type different from that of the power source, and an hydraulic accumulator is incorporated in a line between the pressure converter and the control valve assembly.