Abstract: An electrical generation system that fully integrates heat utilization during the process. The system has two inputs: intake air and diesel fuel. Its outputs are some exhaust gas (carbon dioxide and nitrogen compounds), electricity, and extracted sulfur compounds. There are four interconnected systems: the turbine-diesel-generator system, the refrigerant gas system, the ammonia system and the water handling system. The refrigerant system uses R 22 (Freon) gas. Using heat extracted from the diesel engine and other components of the system, this gas is heated and is used to drive a turbine. The ammonia system is primarily used to condense the R 22. The water system is primarily used to cool the exhaust gasses from the diesel engine. As discussed below, the systems overlap so that, for example, one system is cooled while pre-heating another.

Abstract: An internal combustion has an exhaust gas line, an exhaust gas heat exchanger through which exhaust gas withdrawn through the exhaust gas line passes so as to take heat energy, a heating heat exchanger to which the withdrawn heat energy is made available and which is connected to a cooling fluid circuit of the internal combustion engine, an exhaust gas turbocharger provided with a turbine housing and a turbine wheel rotatable in the latter, the exhaust gas turbocharger being arranged in the exhaust gas line, the exhaust gas heat exchanger being connected heat conductively with the turbine housing of the exhaust gas turbocharger for withdrawing of heat from the exhaust gas which passes through the turbine wheel.

Abstract: An air bottoming powertrain, suitable for use in automobiles includes an internal combustion engine, a compressor which receives gaseous working fluid and compresses it to an elevated pressure, a cooler for operating the compressor isothermally, an expander for deriving work from the compressed gas and a heat exchanger located in the compressed gas line for indirect heat exchange between the compressed working fluid and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The expander may have a cylindrical barrel with a plurality of cylinders arranged in the circle and open at one end face of the cylinder barrel, which end face is sealed closed by a valve plate. The cylinder barrel and valve plate allow relative rotation therebetween to drive an output shaft, driven by compressed gas from the compressor. An alternative expander is a Scotch Yoke piston motor which includes plural paired and axially aligned cylinders on opposing sides of an output shaft.

Abstract: A thermal energy retrieval system in which waste heat generated by an internal combustion engine is used to evaporate an organic working fluid in an evaporator. The evaporated working fluid is passed through a turbine to generate mechanical or electrical power which could be used to supplement the work done by the internal combustion engine. A unitary control valve is disposed between a feed pump and the evaporator to automatically regulate the flow of working fluid to the evaporator in accordance with the sensed temperature of the working fluid at its exit from the evaporator. This ensures the optimization of the thermodynamic efficiency of the system, which in turn leads to the provision of a more compact system useful as an add-on to motive mounted engines.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system for use with an internal combustion engine comprising a heat exchanger, a first turbocharger, and a generator. The first turbocharger provides compressed fresh air to an intake manifold. The heat exchanger cools the exhaust gas for recirculation into the intake manifold. The generator provides turbocharger control by imparting stored energy back into the turbocharger. Turbocharger control allows the exhaust gas recirculation system to operate more efficiently and over a wide range of operating conditions.

Abstract: An engine cooling unit and an exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 for use with the exhaust gas from an engine are connected with a circulation path 12 for circulating a heat transfer medium. The output of the circulation path 12 is connected via a conduit 18 to an output heat exchanger installed in e.g. a hot water storage tank 17. The exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 is disposed across the circulation path 12 at the upstream side of the engine cooling unit of the engine 2. The heat transfer medium introduced into the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 is set to a lower temperature enough to maintain the temperature of vapor in the exhaust gas of which heat is transferred to the heat transfer medium lower than the dew point. The heat transfer medium after drawing generic heat from the exhaust gas and receiving its condensation heat in the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 is passed to the engine cooling unit 6A where it draws more heat. Accordingly, the heat generated by the engine 2 can be recovered at a higher efficiency.

Abstract: An exhaust gas released from the exhaust gas heat exchanger 9 is conveyed into the inlet of a bend 32 communicated to a silencer 31. The exhaust gas mixed with the condensed water is upwardly passed as a mixture fluid through a passage 322 and forced into a first expansion chamber 323. The mixture fluid is separated into the exhaust gas and the condensed water in the chamber 323 and conveyed downwardly in a passage 324 provided with a second expansion chamber 325. While the exhaust gas is forced upwardly from the lower end of the silencer 31, the condensed water is discharged downwardly. The condensed water is conveyed in the drain passage of a waster water trap and released to the outside.

Abstract: A system for preparing gas mixtures for combustion, reducing emissions during combustion and treating and purifying resultant exhaust gas mixtures includes an exhaust gas scrubbing and condensing heat exchanger which cleans, cools and dries an exhaust gas mixture, a source of clean water which supplies clean water for heating and humidifying, a steam producer for converting clean water to steam, a steam boiler for increasing the energy of the steam and the energy of a fluid compound gas. An exhaust gas turbine, a steam turbine, and a fluid compound gas turbine all mounted on a common shaft are operative to convert energy in the exhaust gas mixture, the steam, and the fluid compound gas to mechanical energy on the common shaft. The system is particularly suited for use with an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An air bottoming powertrain, suitable for use in automobiles includes an internal combustion engine, a compressor which receives gaseous working fluid and compresses it to an elevated pressure, a cooler for operating the compressor isothermally, an expander for deriving work from the compressed gas and a heat exchanger located in the compressed gas line for indirect heat exchange between the compressed working fluid and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The expander may have a cylindrical barrel with a plurality of cylinders arranged in the circle and open at one end face of the cylinder barrel, which end face is sealed closed by a valve plate. The cylinder barrel and valve plate allow relative rotation therebetween to drive an output shaft, driven by compressed gas from the compressor. An alternative expander is a Scotch Yoke piston motor which includes plural paired and axially aligned cylinders on opposing sides of an output shaft.

Abstract: An integrated cogeneration system comprising a combustion engine electric power generator, a combustion powered water boiler, a carbon dioxide recovery unit for receiving exhaust from the combustion engine electric power generator and water boiler and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust, and a compressor for receiving recovered carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide recovery unit and liquefying the recovered carbon dioxide. The cogeneration system can also include a heating or cooling system powered by the combustion engine electric power generator. The integrated cogeneration system is desirably modular for transportation in discrete modules and assembly at a remote location. The integrated cogeneration system is useful in supporting manufacture of beverages in sealed containers.

Abstract: An air bottoming powertrain, suitable for use in automobiles includes an internal combustion engine, a compressor which receives gaseous working fluid and compresses it to an elevated pressure, a cooler for operating the compressor isothermally, an expander for deriving work from the compressed gas and a heat exchanger located in the compressed gas line for indirect heat exchange between the compressed working fluid and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The expander may have a cylindrical barrel with a plurality of cylinders arranged in the circle and open at one end face of the cylinder barrel, which end face is sealed closed by a valve plate. The cylinder barrel and valve plate allow relative rotation therebetween to drive an output shaft, driven by compressed gas from the compressor. An alternative expander is a Scotch Yoke piston motor which includes plural paired and axially aligned cylinders on opposing sides of an output shaft.

Abstract: An air bottoming powertrain, suitable for use in automobiles includes an internal combustion engine, a compressor which receives gaseous working fluid and compresses it to an elevated pressure, a cooler -For operating the compressor isothermally, an expander for deriving work from the compressed gas and a heat exchanger located in the compressed gas line for indirect heat exchange between the compressed working fluid and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine. The expander may have a cylindrical barrel with a plurality of cylinders arranged in the circle and open at one end face of the cylinder barrel, which end face is sealed closed by a valve plate. The cylinder barrel and valve plate allow relative rotation therebetween to drive an output shaft, driven by compressed gas from the compressor. An alternative expander is a Scotch Yoke piston motor which includes plural paired and axially aligned cylinders on opposing sides of an output shaft.

Abstract: An integrated cogeneration system comprising a combustion engine electric power generator, a combustion powered water boiler, a carbon dioxide recovery unit for receiving exhaust from the combustion engine electric power generator and water boiler and recovering carbon dioxide from the exhaust, and a compressor for receiving recovered carbon dioxide from the carbon dioxide recovery unit and liquefying the recovered carbon dioxide. The cogeneration system can also include a heating or cooling system powered by the combustion engine electric power generator. The integrated cogeneration system is desirably modular for transportation in discrete modules and assembly at a remote location. The integrated cogeneration system is useful in supporting manufacture of beverages in sealed containers.

Abstract: An assembly for generating an optical marking of the flight path of an air/space vehicle propelled by a power unit is associated with the power unit, and mixes the marking output of the generator with either the exhaust of the power unit or air streaming past the vehicle. The generator may generate smoke or steam. In the case of a smoke generator, the assembly may include an annular chamber surrounding a central passageway through which the power unit exhaust passes. The exhaust ignites a smoke-generating charge in the annular chamber, the smoke generated passing through bores in the annular chamber.

Abstract: The composite engine system is comprised of a main engine in which a composite engine is provided with a plurality of internal combustion cylinders and a plurality of external combustion cylinders installed integrally in one cylinder block and a dual flywheel structure; and one or more subsystems in connection with the external combustion cylinder, in which one subsystem has a closed loop of He gas and other subsystem has two closed loops of HE gas expanded by waste heat gas and a He gas expanding apparatus, whereby the composite engine system has a configuration consisting of a plurality of closed loops of He gas to enhance the net thermal efficiency of the whole engine as well as to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas, and further to have the effect of reducing the amount of exhaust gas resulting from a decreased number of fire cylinders being used.

Abstract: A rotary engine includes a housing having a cylindrical internal surface on which seals are supported to prevent the flow of gases from spaces between two rotating pistons on separate but concentrically-arranged shafts. Three sets of gearing control relative rotation of the pistons which move toward and away from each other to compress gases between the pistons. A drive shaft is connected by the first gear set to a first of the concentrically-arranged shafts. The drive shaft is also connected by a second gear set to the other of the concentrically-arranged shafts. The third gear set, comprised of non-circular gears, connects the drive shaft to an output shaft.

Abstract: An engine system for ships is has an engine body including a main combustion engine for generating power by igniting fuel and a power transmission apparatus for producing great power with the explosion pressure of the main combustion engine. A compressed air control device controls compressed air for reciprocating pumping piston of the power transmission apparatus. A booster is used to provide oil pressure to the power transmission apparatus. An accumulator is used to maintain constant oil pressure in the power transmission apparatus. A swash plate-type stirling engine is connected to a exhaust gas outlet of the main combustion engine. A turbo charger is used to force fresh air to the combustion chamber. A single-stage screw-type compressor is used to produce compressed air.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine system has an engine body provided with a main combustion engine which generates power by gas explosion and a power transmission apparatus for transmitting to the crank shaft a greater power than is produced by the gas explosion. A booster is provided for providing oil pressure to the power transmission apparatus, an accumulator for maintaining constant control of the pressure in the power transmission apparatus, and a swash plate-type stirling engine connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the main combustion engine. A turbo charger is provided for forcing a supply of fresh air to the combustion chamber by using the exhaust gas. A one-stage screw-type compressor is coupled to the swash plate-type stirling engine so as to generate compressed air, and a plurality of compressed air sources are provided for storing compressed air.

Abstract: A compound engine having at least one internal combustion cylinder operating in a conventional manner, and an air or external combustion cylinder associated therewith. The external combustion cylinder operates according to the same cycle as the internal combustion cylinder, namely through consecutive intake, compression, expansion and exhaust strokes of the piston associated therewith. The charge taken by the external combustion engine is not fired and is caused to expand by transferring the heat of the exhaust gases from the internal combustion cylinder to the charge in the external combustion cylinder, at the end of the compression cycle thereof, so as to cause the gaseous fluid charge therein to expand to apply motive power to a driven output common to both the internal combustion cylinder and the external combustion cylinder.

Abstract: In a method for compressing and heating a heating medium to be externally supplied to an engine, while using the energy available in the hot exhaust gases of the engine, the exhaust gases are caused to expand in at least two expansion stages to emit energy for compressing the heating medium in at least two compression stages, heat is transmitted from the exhaust gases after the first expansion stage to the heating medium after the last compression stage, and the heating medium is thereafter supplied with additional heat in a heat-producing unit before it is led to the engine.

Abstract: A drive unit of the type that includes an internal combustion engine and a waste-heat turbine unit that has a compressor, a secondary turbine, and an exhaust-gas turbine with hollow blades, within which the kinetic and heat energy of the exhaust gases are utilized in a superimposed work process is improved by forming the blades as pipes of at least an approximately circular cross section increases the degree of efficiency by better utilization of the kinetic energy of the exhaust gases in the exhaust-gas turbine by increasing the difference between the entering and exiting speeds thereof. In accordance with preferred embodiments, the pipes forming the turbine blades can be arranged in one circular ring or in multiple concentric rings. Additionally, the profile of the outer circumference of the blade-forming pipes, in accordance with one embodiment, is shaped to increase the flow resistance thereof.

Abstract: A combination internal combustion engine and electrolyzer for producing hydrogen and oxygen gases from water on board a motor vehicle in order to supplement the gasoline fuel for the engine further includes a heat activated engine such as a Stirling engine to provide the electrical current necessary to decompose the water, the Stirling engine being activated directly from heat derived from the exhaust of the internal combustion engine. The oxygen and hydrogen gases formed by the electrolysis of water are passed to the air intake of the carburetor of the internal combustion engine and enable the use of a much leaner gasoline to air mixture to run the engine thus increasing gas mileage and reducing air pollutants formed by the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed toward combined cycle power plants which include at least one gas turbine and one steam turbine thermally coupled through a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Exhaust gas from the gas turbine is used to heat feedwater into steam for the steam turbine. One optimum criterion is to design the HRSG so that the exit temperature of the exhaust gas is at a minimum without the occurrence of sulfur condensation on the economizer tube bundles. The allowable minimum temperature varies with the sulfur content of the fuel and, hence, it would be desirable to be able to adjust the tube surface temperature as necessary in accordance with the sulfur content of the gas turbine fuel.

Abstract: A drive assembly, especially for motor vehicles, of the type comprising an internal combustion engine and an exhaust gas turbine unit including an exhaust gas driven turbine is improved by virtue of structure for utilizing the heat energy of the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine in addition to the kinetic energy. According to a preferred embodiment, the exhaust gas turbine unit comprises, in addition to the exhaust gas turbine, a compressor and a secondary turbine for deriving power from the heat energy of the exhaust gases. Still further, another feature includes the provision of a heat exchanger for transferring thermal energy from the exhaust gases to a working medium after the working medium has been compressed by the compressor, the heat exchanger being formed by hollow blades of the exhaust gas driven turbine.

Abstract: The present invention is a compound internal-combustion hot-gas engine comprising a housing wherein there are internal-combustion means and hot-gas means which are coupled mechanically by a single crankshaft, coupled thermally by a thermal energy recuperator-transfer unit, and also coupled thermally by a circulating liquid cooling system. The compound engine has a plurality of cylinders and reciprocating pistons. The cylinders are grouped in either a linear, vee, or flat planar geometrical distribution. Preferred embodiments include a compound engine possessing three cylinders and progress continuously to engines possessing an arbitrarily large number of cylinders. The compound engine is particularly useful as a prime mover for automobiles, trucks, busses, locomotives, maritime vessels, farm implements, and stationary power sources, but is not limited to such uses.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an adaptation of a conventional internal combustion engine wherein the customary energy losses in the form of heat are greatly reduced by the conversion of the heat into a power source for other cylinders of the engine. The engine includes plural cylinders of which certain cylinders are conventional internal combustion cylinders and there being a heated gas cylinder and a gas pumping cylinder whereby a gas may be heated by means of the heat loss generally occuring with respect to the internal combustion cylinder and this heated gas may be utilized to produce work in the heated gas cylinder, after which the gas is pumped back into the system by the pumping cylinder. The gas is preferably a combustible gas whereby gas which escapes past the pistons of the heated gas cylinder and the pumping cylinder into the customary crank case of the engine may be delivered into the internal combustion cylinder for burning therein.

Abstract: An apparatus that uses waste heat from an internal combustion engine to de a heat engine which provides a mechanical output therefrom to drive automotive accessories. A Stirling engine is used as the heat engine.

Abstract: A four-cycle internal combustion engine having a transmission linkage between the engine piston and the power output enabling the power stroke of the engine piston to be substantially greater than the intake stroke. The preferred form of transmission linkage comprises a hydraulic circuit including a ram fixed to the engine piston and a pair of branch hydraulic lines including displacement pistons timed to produce the lengthened power stroke.Preferably, a Stirling-type engine is connected to the output and utilizes the waste heat from the internal combustion engine to improve the efficiency of the system.Another feature of the internal combustion engine system is the utilization of a unique, timed, sleeve valve mechanism for controlling the intake and exhaust ports.

Abstract: An automotive engine unit comprises an internal combustion engine adapted to meet the power requirements of a vehicle under steady speed running conditions, a hot air turbine unit of higher power output than the internal combustion engine adapted to meet the additional power requirements for accelerating the vehicle, an air compressor driven directly or indirectly by power supplied by the internal combustion engine, and an air storage reservoir. During acceleration of the vehicle, air from the reservoir is fed to the turbine through a heat exchanger where it absorbs heat from the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an engine with 25 to 70% better overall efficiency with exhaust emissions within present EPA 1975 standards. The vane type rotary engine uses exhaust from a multichamber Otto cycle engine to power a Stirling cycle engine on the same shaft. Fuel burned in the high surface to volume ratio chambers in the Otto cycle produce very little NO.sub.2 + N.sub.0 gas while producing excessive amounts of unburned hydrocarbons. Air injection into the extremely hot exhaust gases characteristic of the vane type engine is used in a hot wall continuous burning afterburner to remove unburned hydrocarbons and boost the temperature prior to the Stirling cycle hot side heat exchanger.