Abstract: The present invention relates to a combustion engine system having a balance arm, first and second sets of opposed combustion cylinders, and a set of opposed worked devices. The balance arm has a pivot point, and is configured so that an exploitable energy is taken from a kinetic energy of the balance arm. The first set of working combustion cylinders being interconnected by a common first piston rod that is connected to the balance arm. The second set of working combustion cylinders being interconnected by a common second piston rod that is connected to the balance arm so that the pivot point is between the first and second piston rods. The worked devices are interconnected by a common worked piston rod that is connected to the balance arm so that the worked devices are between the first and second sets of combustion cylinders.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is described that includes an expansion cylinder adjacent to a first combustion cylinder (or power cylinder). Combustion gases from the first cylinder are directed to the expansion cylinder to act on the piston in the expansion cylinder. The expansion cylinder has a larger bore (i.e. larger diameter piston) and/or a longer stroke than the first cylinder. The longer stroke also results in a much larger crankshaft arm resulting in a significantly improved mechanical advantage (i.e. torque). In addition, the expansion cylinder includes a check valve that is designed to automatically open the expansion chamber to atmosphere if a negative pressure develops due to the varying amount of exhaust gases at different speeds. In one embodiment, two power cylinders can be connected to one expansion cylinder.

Abstract: This invention provides heat engines based on the structure of internal combustion engines and employs a gaseous working fluid without combustion. The heat engine comprises at least a piston and cylinder assembly and each cylinder has at least an associated heating chamber with a heat exchanger unit being disposed therewithin. The chamber may have at least a chamber valve to establish or block the flow of the gaseous working fluid between the heating chamber and cylinder space. The engine is adapted to operate on cycles that enable heat transfer from a heat source to the working fluid while being enclosed within the heating chamber and provides substantially increased heat transfer duration before the power stroke. Therefore the engine may produce sufficiently high power output with reasonably high thermal efficiency.

Abstract: In a drive system, there is provided a waste heat recovering device forming a Rankine cycle by an evaporator for heating water with waste heat of an internal combustion engine to generate high-pressure vapor, the internal combustion engine being connected to a transmission, a displacement-type expander for converting high-pressure vapor generated by the evaporator to an output with constant torque, a condenser for liquefying low-pressure vapor discharged from the expander, and a feed pump for supplying water liquefied by the condenser to the evaporator. The expander is connected to a power generator/motor via a planetary gear mechanism, and the expander is connected to an output shaft of the internal combustion engine via the planetary gear mechanism and a belt-type continuously variable transmission.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with an expansion cylinder and at least one combustion cylinder, preferably two or four combustion cylinders per expansion cylinder. An air-fuel mixture is ignited within the combustion cylinders to drive a combustion piston which, in turn, drives an engine crankshaft. The gaseous products of combustion are exhausted at a pressure substantially above atmospheric to an expansion cylinder wherein they are allowed to further expand against an expander piston to drive an expander crankshaft. Torque produced at the engine crankshaft and torque produced at the expander crankshaft are combined to drive vehicle wheels.

Abstract: An engine (10) having a series of cylinders (12, 14, 16 and 18) in which pistons (30, 32, 34 and 36) are arranged for reciprocation and which are connected to a crankshaft (38). Two of the cylinders (12 and 18) operate in an Otto cycle, and water is injected through injectors (74) into the exhaust gases of those cylinders for conversion into steam which is directed to the other cylinders (14 and 16) for expansion to drive the pistons (32 and 34).

Abstract: A normally aspirated compounded, overcharged (supercharged) four stroke internal combustion engine, preferably diesel, which is particularly useful in adiabatic (low heat rejection) versions. An auxiliary expansion piston and compression piston reciprocate at least twice as fast as the combustion pistons to increase the volumetric efficiency of the engine as well as to overcharge the air charge within the combustion cylinders. Increased efficiency and simplified construction result.

Abstract: A staged two-stroke internal combustion engine with reciprocating pistons wherein the cycle comprises a first compression of fresh air possibly followed by a cooling, a second compression of air or of mixture or the injection of fuel (Diesel version), a first expansion producing a useful work, a second expansion also producing a useful work and the exhaust of the combustible gases followed by the scavenging of the remaining gases by fresh air, the engine preferably including an odd number greater than or equal to three cylinders and allowing to increase the power output efficiency and the power-to-swept volume ratio with respect to the four-stroke internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The positive displacement internal combustion engine has multiple stages of compression and expansion. After an initial compression, the working fluid is contained at elevated pressure and temperature. Valve controls on the initial compression can limit the thru-put of working fluid. Limiting the thru-put controls the pressure and density and as a consequence engine torque and power. A heat exchanger cools the working fluid before it enters a conventional spark ignition "combustion" cylinder. After the combustion of fuel in air in a conventional Otto or Diesel cycle the exhaust gas does further expansion in a post expansion stage. The efficiency benefits of the engine's high expansion ratio are realizable because of reductions in friction, fluid flow and heat transfer losses.

Abstract: Thermodynamic unit comprised of a pair of vessels which alternately raise and lower pressure in thermodynamic fluid is connected in a closed system to an engine, which utilizes the fluid in its gas phase, with the vessel raising pressure having a gas outlet connected to the engine and with exhaust therefrom being connected to the vessel lowering the fluid pressure. The vessels are alternately heated and cooled so that each alternately acts as a fluid pressure raising and lowering vessel, and each operates at the function opposite from the other vessel. Heat for the pressure raising vessel is any conventional terrestrially available heat source such as nuclear, geothermal, waste heat, electrical, solar, fossil fuel, and the like. The pressure lowering vessel delivers its heat to any conventional terrestrial sink. The gas engine is preferably a turbine, but may be another conventional gas-expanding engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multiple-cycle internal combustion engine having as a unit of two 4-cycle cylinders operating 180.degree. apart and one 2-cycle cylinder firing 90.degree. after the 4-cycle cylinders fire. The 4-cycle exhaust is admitted to the intake port of the 2-cycle cylinder and the 2-cycle cylinder ports are opened and closed in correlation with the exhaust cycle of the 4-cycle cylinders so that 4-cycle exhaust is admitted to the 2-cycle cylinder and passes out through the outlet port thereof sweeping 2-cycle exhaust out along with it. Thus, advantages are taken of the uncombusted products in the 4-cycle exhaust to drive the 2-cycle cylinders. At the same time, advantage is taken of the higher efficiency of 4-cycle cylinders at low speeds and the higher efficiency of 2-cycle cylinders at high speeds to obtain an over all improvement in the efficiency of the engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to piston-type internal combustion engines.A four-stroke engine in which, on reduced load, a part of the cylinders is used as combustion cylinders, the other part forming an additional expansion enclosure for the gases issuing from the combustion cylinders before their expulsion into the atmosphere. The engine operates on full load according to the conventional cycle.Application to the improvement of the output for motor vehicle engines when they operate on medium or low load.

Abstract: This invention relates to improving the internal combustion and internal use of fuel in engines, and more particularly to engines which are compounded in order to effect extension of the expansion event of the four-event work cycle of such engines which are enabled especially thereby to receive and use, for the furtherance and prolongation of the combustion process, secondary air made available by such engines and/or other means as specified hereinafter, and separately applied to the said combustion process particularly after the ignition of each fuel/air charge or any equivalent thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a turbine housing which includes at least two separate passageways for receiving a flow of fluid and carrying same to a volute section for introduction to a turbine wheel, a first of said passageways being arranged to surround at least 160.degree. of a second of said passageways at the termination of said second passageway, the termination of said second passageway being at or upstream of the start of the volute section of the housing. The invention also includes a turbine and a turbocharger including the housing of the invention and an internal combustion engine in combination with such a turbocharger, and further includes the turbine housing of the invention in combination with an exhaust system in which exhaust ducts merge together at least one duct surrounding at least 160.degree. of another duct at the point of juncture.