Abstract: A supercritical CO2 generation system using plural heat sources, includes: a pump configured to circulate a working fluid; heat exchangers configured to heat the working fluid using an external heat source; turbines configured to be driven by the working fluid heated by passing through the heat exchanger; and recuperators configured to exchange heat between the working fluid passing through the turbine and the working fluid passing through the pump to cool the working fluid passing through the turbine, in which the heat exchanger includes constrained heat exchangers having an emission regulation condition of an outlet end and heat exchangers without the emission regulation condition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a supercritical CO2 generation system using plural heat sources, including: a pump configured to circulate a working fluid; plural heat exchangers configured to heat the working fluid using an external heat source; plural turbines configured to be driven by the working fluid heated by passing through the heat exchanger; and plural recuperators configured to exchange heat between the working fluid passing through the turbine and the working fluid passing through the pump to cool the working fluid passing through the turbine and heat the working fluid passing through the pump, in which the heat exchanger may include plural constrained heat exchangers having an emission regulation condition of an outlet end and plural heat exchangers without the emission regulation condition.

Abstract: A steam cycle for a power station, and to a method for operating, in particular for starting, a steam cycle. The steam cycle has a high-pressure turbine, a condenser and a steam generator. The steam generator is connected to the high-pressure turbine via a first line. Live steam quick-closing valves and live steam regulating valves for supplying the high-pressure turbine are arranged in the direction of the steam flow between the steam generator and the high-pressure turbine. A starting line is arranged downstream of the high-pressure turbine in the direction of the steam flow, the starting line connecting a waste steam region downstream of the high-pressure turbine with the condenser. At least one regulator regulates a closing of a starting valve for sealing the starting line, and an opening of the live steam valve, depending on the rotational speed, a temperature and load state of the high-pressure turbine.

Abstract: A start-up method of a steam turbine plant includes a first step and a second step. The first step is performed at an aeration start time. In the first step, a reheat steam pressure of an aeration boiler is set to be a reheat steam pressure required by a steam turbine or less. Besides, a reheat steam pressure of a standby boiler is set to be a reheat steam pressure required for the standby boiler or more. The second step is performed when a load of the steam turbine becomes a predetermined value. In the second step, the reheat steam pressure of the aeration boiler is increased to the same degree as the reheat steam pressure of the standby boiler. After that, steam from the aeration boiler and steam from the standby boiler are merged to be supplied to the steam turbine.

Abstract: A steam turbine plant includes: a superheater; a reheater; a high-pressure turbine; an intermediate-pressure turbine; a low-pressure turbine; a condenser; a bypass pipe that branches off a main steam pipe and includes a high-pressure turbine bypass valve; a bypass pipe that branches off a high-temperature reheat steam pipe, is connected to the condenser, and includes a low-pressure turbine bypass valve; and a branch pipe that branches off a low-temperature reheat steam pipe, is connected to the condenser, and includes a ventilator valve. At the time of turbine start up, the ventilator valve, the high-pressure turbine bypass valve, and the low-pressure turbine bypass valve are fully opened to allow steam to be circulated simultaneously into the high-pressure turbine and the intermediate-pressure turbine.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the invention include systems for controlling cold-reheat extraction in a turbomachine system. Some embodiments include a system having: a high-pressure (HP) turbine section including an exhaust; a reheater conduit fluidly connected with the exhaust of the HP turbine and a reheater, the reheater conduit for passing HP exhaust steam from the HP turbine section to the reheater; a cold-reheat extraction conduit fluidly connected with the reheater conduit upstream of the reheater and downstream of the HP turbine section exhaust; and a control system coupled with the HP turbine section and the cold-reheat extraction conduit, the control system configured to: obtain data about a temperature of the HP exhaust steam; and provide instructions to modify a flow rate of the HP exhaust steam to the reheater in response to the temperature of the HP exhaust steam exceeding a threshold.

Abstract: A steam turbine plant of one embodiment includes a boiler configured to change water into steam, a high pressure turbine including a turbine or turbines connected to each other in series, and having a first inlet to supply the steam from the boiler, an extraction port located at a downstream of the first inlet, a second inlet to supply the steam extracted from the extraction port and located at a downstream of the extraction port, and an exhaust port located at a downstream of the second inlet, the high pressure turbine being configured to be driven by the steam supplied from the first and second inlets, an extraction steam heater configured to heat the steam extracted from the extraction port and to supply the heated steam to the second inlet, a reheater configured to heat the steam exhausted from the exhaust port, and a reheat turbine configured to be driven by the steam from the reheater.

Abstract: Disclosed is an approach that uses an overload valve to operate a steam turbine reheat section. In one embodiment, the steam turbine reheat section receives a supply of reheated steam from a reheater at a first steam admission location via a reheat valve. The steam turbine reheat section is further adapted to receive a diverted portion of the reheated steam from the reheater at a second steam admission location via the overload valve.

Abstract: The Rankine cycle (31) includes a refrigerant pump (32), a heat exchanger (36), an expander (37), and a condenser (38). The Rankine cycle (31) shares the condenser (38) and refrigerant with a refrigerant cycle of an air-conditioner. A refrigerant passage connecting to an outlet of the condenser (38) branches at a refrigeration cycle branch point (45) to connect to the refrigerant pump (32) and an evaporator (55). In the case of operating the Rankine cycle, without a request to operate the air-conditioner, the compressor (52) in the refrigeration cycle is driven.

Abstract: The present application describes a heat recovery steam generator. The heat recovery steam generator may include a superheater, a first turbine section, a first main steam line in communication with the superheater and the first turbine section, and a first prewarming line positioned downstream of the first main steam line such that a flow of steam from the superheater preheats the first main steam line without entry into the first turbine section.

Abstract: A steam-driven power plant includes a steam source providing steam at a desired pressure and a steam turbine operably connected to the steam source. The steam turbine includes a low pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. A low pressure admission conduit is configured to convey steam from the steam source to an entrance of the low pressure section and an intermediate pressure admission conduit is configured to convey steam from the steam source to a mid-steampath point of the intermediate pressure section. One or more valves are located between the steam source and the steam turbine to control a flow of steam from the steam source through the low pressure admission conduit and/or the intermediate pressure admission conduit.

Abstract: A steam turbine plant capable of stably controlling start up of a steam turbine provided with a turbine bypass system and a driving method thereof are provided. A steam turbine plant 10 of an embodiment includes: a superheater 21; a reheater 22; a high-pressure turbine 30; an intermediate-pressure turbine 40; a low-pressure turbine 50; a condenser 110; a bypass pipe 74 that branches off a main steam pipe 70 and is provided with a high-pressure turbine bypass valve 95; a bypass pipe 75 that branches off a high-temperature reheat steam pipe 72, is connected to the condenser 110, and is provided with a low-pressure turbine bypass valve 97; and a branch pipe 76 that branches off a low-temperature reheat steam pipe 71, is connected to the condenser 110, and is provided with a ventilator valve 99.

Abstract: A boiler system for producing steam from water includes a plurality of serially arranged oxy fuel boilers. Each boiler has an inlet in flow communication with a plurality of tubes. The tubes of each boiler form at least one water wall. Each of the boilers is configured to substantially prevent the introduction of air. Each boiler includes an oxy fuel combustion system including an oxygen supply for supplying oxygen having a purity of greater than 21 percent, a carbon based fuel supply for supplying a carbon based fuel and at least one oxy-fuel burner system for feeding the oxygen and the carbon based fuel into its respective boiler in a near stoichiometric proportion. The oxy fuel system is configured to limit an excess of either the oxygen or the carbon based fuel to a predetermined tolerance. The boiler tubes of each boiler are configured for direct, radiant energy exposure for energy transfer. Each of the boilers is independent of each of the other boilers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for reducing coal consumption in coal fired plant with fluidized-bed drying, namely a fluidized-bed drying system is provided between a coal powder bunker as well as a weighing belt and a coal grinding mill of the prior coal fired boiler generating set, and superheated steam which has done partial work is extracted from an steam turbine and used as a drying medium, moisture contained in the coal powder is evaporated with sensible heat and latent heat of the superheated steam, water resulted from the condensation of the superheated steam is fed into a deaerator of the steam turbine via a condensate pump for recirculation. The present invention has advantages of reducing coal consumption and saving coal, recovering residual heat, reducing emission of carbon dioxide and adopting to the national industrial policy on energy saving and emission reduction.

Abstract: In a steam system having a turbine driven by steam supplied from a high-pressure header to a low-pressure header, when the pressure in the low-pressure header drops, a turbine bypass valve is opened and the high-pressure side steam is supplied to the low-pressure side header in a normal control. When the turbine is tripped, steam is rapidly flow into the low-pressure side header and its pressure temporally increases. the steam in the low-pressure header is discharged through a discharge valve. After that, if a steam supply from the low-pressure header to another process increases, the discharge valve is closed. After the discharge valve is fully closed, an after-trip control is performed in which the opening of the turbine bypass valve is increased at an earlier timing than the normal control for preventing the steam amount in the low-pressure header to be too small. The control stability of the steam system when the turbine is tripped can be enhanced.

Abstract: A turbine system includes a valve coupled to a leak off line from a leak packing of a first turbine, the valve controlling a first steam flow used to maintain a constant self-sustaining sealing pressure to a second turbine across numerous loading conditions. A related method is also provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a power generating system includes; a flow dividing unit configured to divide a first heat medium supplied thereto to a first flow path and a second flow path; and a heat accumulating unit configured to accumulate the first heat medium sent thereto via the second flow path and deliver the first heat medium at a temporally leveled flow rate. The system further includes: a heat exchanging unit configured to transfer heat from the first heat medium sent thereto via the first flow path and the first heat medium delivered thereto from the heat accumulating unit, to a second heat medium that is lower in boiling point than the first heat medium; and a turbine configured to rotationally move with the second heat medium to which heat has been transferred by the heat exchanging unit.

Abstract: A speed controller generates a speed control output signal based on an output target value and a detected speed of a steam turbine, an extraction pressure controller generates an extraction pressure control output signal based on an extraction flow rate target value and a detected extraction pressure of the steam turbine, and when operation signals of a governor valve and an extraction control valve are generated with reference to an extraction map for deriving opening degrees of the valves at an operation point determined depending on the signals, the extraction map is used with a scale of the extraction pressure control output signal in the extraction map being corrected to be multiplied by “extraction flow rate target value/extraction flow rate actual value” based on a regularly detected extraction flow rate actual value of the steam turbine.

Abstract: For increasing power plant efficiency during periods of variable heat input or at partial loads, a motive fluid is cycled through a Rankine cycle power plant having a vaporizer and a superheater such that the motive fluid is delivered to a turbine at a selected inlet temperature at full admission. A percentage of a superheated portion of the motive fluid is adjusted during periods of variable heat input or at partial loads while virtually maintaining the inlet temperature and power plant thermal efficiency.

Abstract: A system and a method are provided that may be used to control the temperature of steam being reheated by a moisture separator reheater (MSR). The temperature of a steam being reheated by a MSR may be sensed, and controller embodiments may use the sensed temperature to control the transfer of heat from various MSR components into the reheated steam. By using such control embodiments, the MSR may provide optimally heated steam to other power plant components, thus increasing the performance, efficiency, and safety of a power plant.

Abstract: A method for regulating a short-term power increase of a steam turbine with an upstream waste-heat steam generator is provided. The steam turbine has a number of economizer, evaporator and super heater heating surfaces forming a flow path for a flow medium. The flow medium is tapped off from the flow path in a pressure stage and is injected into the flow path on the flow-medium side between two super heater heating surfaces of the respective pressure stage. Amount of flow medium injected is regulated with a characteristic value which is a discrepancy between the outlet temperature of the final super heater heating surface and a predetermined temperature nominal value. The temperature nominal value is reduced and the characteristic value is temporarily increased more than in proportion to the discrepancy for a time period of the reduction for achieving a short-term power increase of the steam turbine.

Abstract: An exemplary steam plant having a steam circuit which includes a superheater defining a boundary between a superheated steam region and an unsuperheated steam region. The steam circuit includes a branch, from a superheated steam region of the steam circuit, with a branch valve and a steam desuperheater upstream of the branch valve. The desuperheater provides cooling to the branch during flow mode operation of the branch. During a no flow mode, a first preheat line and a second preheat line provide the cooling by supplying unsuperheated steam to the branch and directing this flow through to a lower pressure region of the steam circuit.

Abstract: In a nuclear power plant, thermal power in a second operation cycle of a nuclear reactor is uprated from thermal power in a first operation cycle preceding the second operation cycle by at least one operation cycle. A proportion of steam extracted from a steam system and introduced to a feedwater heater, which is in particular extracted from an intermediate point and an outlet of a high pressure turbine, with respect to a flow rate of main steam, is reduced in the second operation cycle from that in the first operation cycle such that the temperature of feedwater discharged from the feedwater heater is lowered by 1° C. to 40° C. in the second operation cycle.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system and a method for operating a thermodynamic cycle using a working fluid in a working fluid circuit which has a high pressure side and a low pressure side. The system comprises a waste heat exchanger, a waste heat source, an expander, a recuperator, a cooler, a pump, and a mass management system connected to the working fluid circuit. The mass management system comprises a working fluid vessel connected to the low pressure side of the working fluid circuit and configured to passively control an amount of working fluid mass in the working fluid circuit.

Abstract: A steam-driven power plant includes a steam source providing steam at a desired pressure and a steam turbine operably connected to the steam source. The steam turbine includes a low pressure section and an intermediate pressure section. A low pressure admission conduit is configured to convey steam from the steam source to an entrance of the low pressure section and an intermediate pressure admission conduit is configured to convey steam from the steam source to a mid-steampath point of the intermediate pressure section. One or more valves are located between the steam source and the steam turbine to control a flow of steam from the steam source through the low pressure admission conduit and/or the intermediate pressure admission conduit.

Abstract: A double flow low-pressure (LP) steam turbine with an LP section that can be engaged and disengaged from a drive train is provided, as are methods for its use. In one embodiment, the invention provides a steam turbine comprising: a high pressure (HP) section; an intermediate pressure (IP) section adjacent the HP section; a first low pressure (LP) section; a second LP section; a crossover pipe connecting the IP section to the first LP section and the second LP section; a drive train extending through the HP section, the IP section, the first LP section, and the second LP section; a device for engaging and disengaging the second LP section from the drive train; a valve for alternately opening and closing a portion of the crossover pipe connecting the IP section to the second LP section; and at least one extraction port for extracting a quantity of steam from at least one of the following: the crossover pipe or an exhaust of the IP section.

Abstract: In a nuclear power plant, thermal power in a second operation cycle of a nuclear reactor is uprated from thermal power in a first operation cycle preceding the second operation cycle by at least one operation cycle. A proportion of steam extracted from a steam system and introduced to a feedwater heater, which is in particular extracted from an intermediate point and an outlet of a high pressure turbine, with respect to a flow rate of main steam, is reduced in the second operation cycle from that in the first operation cycle such that the temperature of feedwater discharged from the feedwater heater is lowered by 1° C. to 40° C. in the second operation cycle.

Abstract: In a nuclear power plant, thermal power in a second operation cycle of a nuclear reactor is uprated from thermal power in a first operation cycle preceding the second operation cycle by at least one operation cycle. A proportion of steam extracted from a steam system and introduced to a feedwater heater, which is in particular extracted from an intermediate point and an outlet of a high pressure turbine, with respect to a flow rate of main steam, is reduced in the second operation cycle from that in the first operation cycle such that the temperature of feedwater discharged from the feedwater heater is lowered by 1° C. to 40° C. in the second operation cycle.

Abstract: An adiabatic compressed air energy storage (ACAES) system includes a compressor system, an air storage unit, and a turbine system. The ACAES system further includes a thermal energy storage (TES) system that includes a container, a plurality of heat exchangers, a liquid TES medium conduit system fluidly coupling the container to the plurality of heat exchangers, and a liquid TES medium stored within the container. The TES system also includes a plurality of pumps coupled to the liquid TES medium conduit system and configured to transport the liquid TES medium between the plurality of heat exchangers and the container, and a thermal separation system positioned within the container configured to thermally isolate a first portion of the liquid TES medium at a lower temperature from a second portion of the liquid TES medium at a higher temperature.

Abstract: A method of increasing the power of a carbonaceous fuel combusting boiler system includes the steps of (a) feeding carbonaceous fuel into a furnace of the boiler system, (b) feeding oxidant gas into the furnace for combusting fuel to produce exhaust gas, (c) discharging the exhaust gas from the furnace via an exhaust gas channel, (d) conveying a stream of feedwater from a boiler economizer arranged in the exhaust gas channel to evaporating and superheating heat exchange surfaces arranged in the furnace and in the exhaust gas channel for converting the feedwater to superheated steam, (e) expanding the superheated steam in a high-pressure steam turbine for generating power, (f) extracting steam from the high-pressure steam turbine at a decreased rate for preheating the feedwater, (g) conveying steam from the high-pressure steam turbine at an increased rate to a reheater arranged in the exhaust gas channel for generating reheated steam, (h) expanding the reheated steam in an intermediate pressure steam turbine f

Abstract: In a nuclear power plant, thermal power in a second operation cycle of a nuclear reactor is uprated from thermal power in a first operation cycle preceding the second operation cycle by at least one operation cycle. A proportion of steam extracted from a steam system and introduced to a feedwater heater, which is in particular extracted from an intermediate point and an outlet of a high pressure turbine, with respect to a flow rate of main steam, is reduced in the second operation cycle from that in the first operation cycle such that the temperature of feedwater discharged from the feedwater heater is lowered by 1° C. to 40° C. in the second operation cycle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling the flow of a working medium through an expansion device in a closed heating system which also includes a condenser, a pump and a boiler. The expansion device is a helical screw rotor expander that has an inlet port with an inlet line connected thereto, and an outlet port. The expansion device drives an energy producing device, such as a generator. The helical screw rotor expander has an intermediate pressure port between the inlet port and the outlet port, and a branch line is connected between the intermediate pressure port and a branching point in the inlet line. A valve is in the branch line. The flow of working medium through the valve to the intermediate pressure port is controlled as a function of a state parameter.

Abstract: A water preseparator (1) for steam turbine plants for the separation of water from the operating steam (SW) from a high-pressure steam turbine has a feed pipe (2) which extends over the starting section of a steam transfer pipe (4), wherein the two pipes are separated from each other by a gap (11) through which water (12) together with transporting steam (St) flow into a housing. The water discharges from the preseparator (1) via a water discharge pipe (6). the preseparator has structure for recycling of the transporting steam into the operating steam of the steam turbine plant, wherein this recycling structure has built-in fittings or a baffle (9) of the transporting steam, and also structure (4) for achieving a pressure drop, wherein the pressure drop exists between the gap (11) and a point at which the transporting steam is reintroduced into the operating steam (SW).

Abstract: A thermal power generation apparatus comprises a boiler (15) and multiple turbine sets for high, intermediate and lower steam pressure operation. Steam exhausted from the high pressure turbine (HP), and reduced in both pressure and temperature, is returned to a reheater (19) for reheating. The reheated steam is then passed to a intermediate pressure turbine (IP). It is desirable to control the temperature of steam entering the intermediate pressure turbine (IP). The invention provides a system for effecting temperature control of the reheater stream in a thermal power plant. The system includes a reheater conduit (10, 21) adapted to define at least a part of a reheat flow path for steam between an exhaust of a high pressure turbine system (HP) and an inlet of a reheater system (19). The system further includes an indirect water/steam heat exchanger (B) having a heat exchange portion within the reheat flow path and defining a water flow path means adapted to receive and circulate feed water.

Abstract: A control system includes a temperature sensor communicatively coupled to an exit of an expander of an expansion system and configured to detect temperature of the working fluid flowing through the exit of the expander. A pressure sensor is communicatively coupled to the exit of the expander and configured to detect pressure of the working fluid flowing through the exit of the expander. A controller is configured to receive output signals from the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor and control operation of one or more components of the expansion system so as to control the thermodynamic conditions at the exit of the expander while driving a quality of vapor of the working fluid at the exit of the expander towards a predetermined degree of superheat.

Abstract: A cooling system for a turbine with a first section and a second section. The first section may include a first line for diverting a first flow with a first temperature from the first section, a second line for diverting a second flow with a second temperature less than the first temperature from the first section, and a merged line for directing a merged flow of the first flow and the second flow to the second section.

Abstract: For regulating the power output of a combined-cycle power station, that power output fraction which is allocated to the uncoupling of distance heat is determined as a second desired value by adopting the mass flow or mass flows of a medium to be heated through one or more heating condensers and the forward-flow and return-flow temperatures of the medium to be heated which occur at the same time. The quantities can be determined in a simple way in the region of the uncoupling of the distance heat. Thus, complicated measurements in the region of a steam turbine, by which the heating condensers are supplied with heating steam, are avoided.

Abstract: A method and a device are for operating a steam turbine in which includes several no-load or light-load phases. All phases are supplied with steam in order to ensure good preheating. The supply of a phase is selected in such a way that the phase produces the least possible output, preferably no output. The enthalpy differential between the entrance to and exit from the phase is thus preferably reduced to zero.

Abstract: In a method for controlling a steam turbine installation having a reheater (7) arranged between high-pressure turbine (2) and medium-pressure turbine (3) or low-pressure turbine (4), a low-pressure bypass (18) with a low-pressure bypass valve (19) also being present, which bypass leads from the reheater outlet into a condenser (5), a flexible and optimum control with respect to variable high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD) is achieved in that characteristic curves for the required value of the reheater pressure are used for controlling the low-pressure bypass valve (19) during run-up, during (partial) load rejection procedures or during idling, which characteristic curves depend on the load (L) applied to the installation, and/or on the pressure (P) before the high-pressure turbine blading and/or on the reheater steam flow (M), and also on the high-pressure turbine exhaust steam temperature (THD), and/or on the temperature (TFD) and/or on the pressure (pFD) of the live steam introduced into t

Abstract: An auto-reheat system for use with a steam turbine in which a portion of the heat energy supplied to the turbine from a heat source is directed to an ensuing region of the vapor path where the transiting vapor has expanded to such an extent that it begins to become "wet." The portion of heat energy directed to the ensuing region is delivered concurrently with the supply of heat energy to the admission port of the turbine, permitting a higher temperature to be maintained within the transiting vapor and thereby reducing the quantity of moisture developing in the vapor during the latter stages of the turbine expansion cycle. The result is improved turbine energy output and reduced blade maintenance costs.

Abstract: A system for draining condensed steam from a closed high pressure feedwater heater installed in a steam turbine power generation cycle, and recycling the drains into the feedwater system at a point between the inlet to the main feedwater pump and an immediately adjacent closed feedwater heater, with controls for regulating the level in the high pressure heater, in conjunction with the normal cascade drain system, and with provisions for preventing the backflow of feedwater into the drain system and then into the high pressure feedwater heater.

Abstract: The final reheater in a circulating fluidized bed combustion system which is located in a separate fluidized bed heat exchanger and which would be subjected to hot solids without any cooling after a blackout or turbine is cooled by bleeding a portion of the steam from the superheater outlet through a normally closed high pressure drop valve and into the final reheater. A valve downstream from the final reheater is also opened to permit flow.

Abstract: Method and system for controlling the acceleration of a turbine-generator or limiting the load of the turbine-generator if a cooling regulator which regulates the cooling of the turbine-generator or auxiliary components is determined to be off-line.

Abstract: In plants for generating steam using waste heat, the heat in the hot waste gases flowing through the steam generator must be utilized with maximum efficiency. To this end, the feed water is branched into two streams, one of which flows into the high-pressure heating surfaces and the other into the heating surfaces of the medium-pressure evaporator. The division of the two streams is controlled as a function of the quality of the steam, so that the steam in the heating surfaces of the intermediate superheater is heated to the same temperature as the steam in the heating surfaces of the high-pressure superheater. The invention is particularly useful in combined gas and steam turbine power plants.

Abstract: A steam generator having a fluidized bed combustion system that includes a fluidized bed combustor and at least one hot separator, includes a superheater and a reheater with at least first and second or final stages disposed in a flue gas pass with the superheater upstream of the final stage reheater has a cold steam bypass system for controlling the temperature of the second or final stage reheater by dividing reheat steam into selective first and second portions and directing the first portion to the first stage reheater and recombining said first and second portions and directing them through the second or final stage reheater.

Abstract: A steam turbine installation with bleeding adjusted to a predetermined pressure P, the installation driving a load and including a bleed outlet disposed between two successive stages, wherein the bleed pressure P is adjusted over a range D of bleed rates by a servo valve disposed on the exhaust duct and controlled by a servo-control circuit including device for measuring the pressure of the bleed flow.

Abstract: A steam generator having a fluidized bed combustion system that includes a fluidized bed combustor and at least one hot separator, includes a superheater and a reheater with at least first and second or final (possibly more) stages disposed in a flue gas pass has a cold steam bypass system for controlling the temperature of the second or final stage reheater by dividing reheat steam into selective first and second portions and directing the first portion to the first stage reheater and recombining said first and second portions and directing them through the second or final stage reheater.

Abstract: An improved multi-stage turbine system is provided which includes a high pressure turbine stage assembly and at least one lower pressure turbine stage assembly. Each of these turbine assemblies preferably has an inlet opening for introducing a thermodynamic medium in the form of a vapor and a discharge opening for discharging the thermodynamic medium from the turbine assembly at a reduced temperature and pressure. Each of the turbine assemblies is typically mounted on a rotatable shaft and these shafts may be coaxially aligned. An assembly such as a clutch may be provided for releasably interlocking the shafts. The thermodynamic medium is transported, when operating conditions are suitable, from the discharge opening of the high pressure turbine assembly to the inlet opening of the lower pressure turbine assembly.

Abstract: A reheat steam turbine power plant having a boiler with a superheater and reheater disposed therein, a high pressure steam turbine, an intermediate pressure steam turbine, a low pressure turbine, and a condenser condensing a steam exhausted through the low pressure turbine to a condensate. A turbine bypass pipe is provided with a bypass valve. A branch pipe branches off a cold reheater pipe between the check valve and the reheater is connected to the condenser for introducing steam flowing through the turbine bypass pipe. A control valve is arranged in the branch pipe and a controller controls the bypass valve and the control valve. When the turbine bypass line is operational in one of a start-up or an auxiliary operation of the power plant, the control valve and the bypass valve are controlled by the controller so that the quantity of reheat steam introduced into the reheater is controlled and excess or surplus steam is discharged to the condenser through the branch pipe.

Abstract: A steam turbine-generator system includes a reheater bypass valve which cooperates with both a high- and low-pressure bypass valve in the early stages of turbine loading to divert steam in a bypass flow from a high-pressure turbine to the input of a reheat turbine without passing the steam through a reheat portion of the boiler. The pressure and temperature drops in the high-pressure turbine are controlled by the setting of the pressure threshold of the low-pressure bypass valve. A check valve prevents steam flow into the reheat portion of the boiler until a desired operating condition is attained. The steam flowing to the reheat turbine directly from the high-pressure turbine is at a sufficiently low temperature to avoid temperature insult to the rotor of the reheat turbine. Once the turbine is partially loaded, the reheater bypass, high-pressure bypass and low-pressure bypass valves are closed to establish a conventional reheat turbine configuration.