Abstract: The present invention has a main body case having a contact face of a biological information measurement device on its surface, and a first non-contact charging portion (7) composed of a charging coil disposed opposite the contact face with the biological information measurement device inside the main body case. In addition, it has a controller (8) that is connected to the first non-contact charging portion (7), and a display section (5) that is connected to the controller (8). Upon completion of the charging of the biological information measurement device via the first non-contact charging portion (7), the controller (8) connected to the display section (5) displays on the display section (5) that the biological information measurement device will be incapable of measurement for a specific length of time.

Abstract: A system applies cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a recipient. An automated controller is provided together with a compression device which periodically applies a force to a recipient's thorax under control of the automated controller. A band is adapted to be placed around a portion of the torso of the recipient corresponding to the recipient's thorax. A driver mechanism shortens and lengthens the circumference of the band. By shortening the circumference of the band, radial forces are created acting on at least lateral and anterior portions of the thorax. A translating mechanism may be provided for translating the radial forces to increase the concentration of anterior radial forces acting on the anterior portion of the thorax. The driver mechanism may comprise a tension device for applying a circumference tensile force to the band. The driver mechanism may comprise an electric motor, a pneumatic linear actuator, or a contracting mechanism defining certain portions of the circumference of the band.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing a notification of a usage of a medical injector are disclosed. For example, the method determines location information of the medical injector. The method then detects the usage of the medical injector, and records a time of the usage of the medical injector. The method then sends the notification comprising the time at which the usage of the medical injector is detected and the location information of the medical injector.

Abstract: According to the invention, a compression depth sensor for measuring a compression depth comprises a first pressure transducer (30), attachable to a fixed element, a first liquid filled lumen (20), having a first fixed lumen end (21) attachable to the pressure transducer and a first movable lumen end (22) being movable between a first position and a second position, a distance between the first and second position defining the compression depth, whereby the first pressure transducer is adapted to measure the compression depth by measuring a change in liquid pressure in the lumen during movement of the first movable lumen end between the first position and the second position. A CPR apparatus according to the invention comprises such a compression sensor.

Abstract: A mechanical CPR device can include a back plate, a first tower, and a second tower. The back plate can have a first side and a second side. The first tower can include a first foot and the second tower can include a second foot. The first and second towers can be configured to securely hold a beam above the back plate. The first side of the back plate can be configured to be held to the first foot of the first tower and the second side of the back plate can be configured to be held to the second foot of the second tower when a distributed weight is placed on the back plate.

Abstract: A cardiopulmonary resuscitation device includes a case having an extension portion extending therefrom. In operation, the user places the case across the chest of a person being given CPR, and presses the case into the person's chest, applying uniform force in according to a rhythm guided by audible and/or visual feedback. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation device includes a control circuit having a display screen, and a distance sensor apparatus operatively coupled to the control circuit. In another embodiment, the cardiopulmonary resuscitation device is structured for use on an infant-sized human. In this embodiment, the device includes a pair of legs extending through the case, the support structure permitting the case to be positioned on the chest of an infant-sized human; wherein the case is useable to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on the infant-sized human by repeated press-release movements using a finger pad disposed on the case.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. A method for managing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) treatment to a person in need of emergency assistance includes monitoring, with an electronic medical device, a parameter that indicates a quality level of a CPR component being provided to the person by a user; determining, with the electronic medical device, that the parameter indicates that the quality level of CPR being provided is inadequate; and providing, to one or more rescuers of the person, an audible, visual, or tactile indication that a different person should perform the CPR component.

Abstract: Manual CPR apparatus allowing the application of force at two points separated by a line making a nonperpendicular angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the patient. The line separating the two force points may also lie out of the plane formed by the device's belt which circumnavigates the patient's torso. These geometrical configurations allow the facile application of the CPR force to the device by one or more operators located along the side of the patient. The device may have the capability to limit the achieved circular chest compression to one of a plurality of magnitudes. The device may also provide signals to indicate the appropriate times for applying pressure and may incorporate electrocardiogram and defibrillation components. The device may contact the patient's chest with a suction cup or other adhering component to assist in the patient's chest expanding in the interval between compressive strokes.

Abstract: Devices and methods for attaching a belt cartridge to a belt drive platform. A clip attached to the belt is inserted into a slot in the drive spool of the belt drive platform. The cover plate of the belt cartridge fits into a channel beam in the housing of the belt drive platform, thereby securing the cartridge to the housing. Belt guards, for protecting the cartridge, belt drive platform, patient and rescuer, are rotatably attached to the cover plate and are secured around spindles disposed on the sides of the housing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present concept are directed to medical devices for use by a rescuer who is caring for a patient and includes a bottom device for use with a top device to measure the depth of Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) chest compressions delivered to the chest of a patient. The top device is intended for placement on the chest of the patient and has a top mechanism that is moveable up and down as the chest compressions are delivered to the patient. The bottom device includes a generally elongate member having a handle at one end and a bottom mechanism near the opposite end. The elongate member is structured to be placed under the patient during delivery of CPR. The top mechanism and the bottom mechanism cooperate to generate a value for a net depth of the compressions of the patient chest with reference to each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to an automated cardiopulmonary resuscitation device for cyclically compressing a patient's chest. The CPR device comprises a front structure with a first and a second movable unit arranged to move back and forth along said front structure; a back support for positioning behind the patient's back arranged to keep the front structure in a fixed position relative to the patient's back; a chest pad; two arms each rotatably coupled to the chest pad with one end and each being rotatably coupled to a respective one of the first and the second movable units; and a motor arranged for, when in operation, driving the first and the second movable units back and forth such that the chest pad cyclically compresses the patient's chest.

Abstract: An integrated resuscitation system for use by a rescuer to resuscitate a patient is provided, including: a defibrillation and CPR resuscitation assembly including: a first high-voltage defibrillation electrode; a second high-voltage defibrillation electrode; a compression-sensing element mechanically connected with the first and second electrodes, the compression-sensing element comprising an accelerometer and associated circuitry; and a resuscitation control unit including an internal charge storage capacitor, a microprocessor and associated circuitry configured to be electrically connected to the first and second electrodes and the compression-sensing element and configured to analyze signals generated from the compression-sensing element and at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode to provide resuscitation prompts to the rescuer, wherein the prompts are based at least in part on use of the compression-sensing element by the rescuer.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. In some aspects, the system includes a chest compression sensor providing movement information during a plurality of manual chest compressions performed by a rescuer on a chest of a patient; a release sensor providing information as to whether the rescuer's hands are in contact with the release sensor during manual chest compressions or not in contact with the release sensor between manual chest compressions; a computing unit; and an audio and/or visual display providing feedback received from the computing unit to the rescuer regarding chest compression rate, chest compression depth and whether the rescuer's hands are not in contact with the release sensor between manual chest compressions.

Abstract: A device for assisting a caregiver in delivering cardiac resuscitation to a patient, the device comprising a user interface configured to deliver prompts to a caregiver to assist the caregiver in delivering cardiac resuscitation to a patient; at least one sensor configured to detect the caregiver's progress in delivering the cardiac resuscitation, wherein the sensor is configured to provide a signal containing information indicative of ventilation; a memory in which a plurality of different prompts are stored, including at least one ventilation progress prompt to guide the rescuer's performance of ventilation; a processor configured to process the output of the sensor to determine a parameter descriptive of ventilation progress and to determine whether the ventilation progress prompt should be selected for delivery. Possible parameters descriptive of ventilation progress include ventilation rate, delivered tidal volume, and flow rate.

Abstract: A CPR guidance device for placement and use on the chest of an adult patient. The device guides a rescuer in the application of an adult CPR protocol. The device also senses patient characteristics indicative of an infant patient. If the device senses that the patient in an infant, it appropriately warns the rescuer that the device is for adult patient use only.

Abstract: This document relates to systems and techniques for the treatment of a cardiac arrest victim via electromagnetic stimulation of physiologic tissue.

Abstract: A wearable cardiac defibrillator (“WCD”) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments, the WCD system includes a speaker system and a memory. Prompts have been saved in advance in the patient's own voice, and stored in the memory. In case of an emergency, the prompts may be played by the speaker system in the patient's own voice, and heard by a bystander.

Abstract: A wearable cardiac defibrillator (“WCD”) system may include a support structure that a patient can wear, an energy storage module that can store an electrical charge, and a discharge circuit that can discharge the electrical charge through the patient so as to shock him or her, while the patient is wearing the support structure. Embodiments may actively take into account bystanders, both to protect them from an inadvertent shock, and also to enlist their help. In some embodiments the WCD system includes a speaker system that transmits a sound designed to assist a bystander to perform CPR. Optionally CPR chest compressions received by the patient can be further detected, and feedback can be given. In embodiments, a WCD system may include a user interface that can be controlled to output CPR prompts tailored to a skill level of the bystander.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. In some aspects, a system and method can include obtaining values for depths of a plurality of the chest compressions and information about a physiological parameter of the person and providing periodic feedback to a user about chest compressions performed by the user based at least in part on the values for the depths of the plurality of the chest compressions and a target compression depth.

Abstract: A chest compression device includes a piston to apply compression to the sternum and incorporates leaf springs simultaneously driven by the piston to apply lateral compression to the thorax during chest compressions. A motor in the chest compression device provides motive power to cyclically extend and contract the piston to provide therapeutic chest compressions. One end of each leaf spring is operably connected to the piston and the other end of each leaf spring is secured to the backboard/base or to a support leg of the chest compression device such that during extension of the piston, each leaf spring is compressed against the device base or leg which causes the springs to flex and provide lateral compression of the patient's thorax in addition to the sternal compression of the piston.

Abstract: An exemplary system includes a programmer configured to instruct an implantable device and a qualification module with instructions to call for tests performed by an implantable device configured for delivery of CRT, to receive results from the tests, to analyze the results and to decide, based on the analysis, if the patient qualifies for automatic, implantable device-based optimization of one or more CRT parameters and, only if the patient qualifies for automatic, implantable device-based optimization of one or more CRT parameters, presenting a graphical user interface that comprises a selectable control to enable an algorithm of an implantable device to automatically optimize at least one of the one or more cardiac resynchronization therapy parameters. Other exemplary methods, devices, systems, etc., are also disclosed.

Abstract: A pad device for the transfer of force to an anterior chest wall during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) includes at least two pad elements adapted to be positioned on an anterior chest wall surface, a hinge mechanism connecting the at least two pad elements, the at least two pad elements being movably mounted to the hinge mechanism, such that the hinge mechanism cooperatively responds to a force applied when the patient is receiving a CPR.

Abstract: The invention relates to a defibrillator with integrated means for chest compression feedback. The defibrillator is shaped and sized such as to be directly placeable on the patient's chest.

Abstract: A resuscitation device for automatic compression of victim's chest using a compression belt which exerts force evenly over the entire thoracic cavity. The belt is constricted and relaxed through a motorized spool assembly which repeatedly tightens the belt and relaxes the belt to provide repeated and rapid chest compression. An assembly includes various resuscitation devices including chest compression devices, defibrillation devices, and airway management devices, along with communications devices and senses with initiate communications with emergency medical personnel automatically upon use of the device.

Abstract: This document relates to systems and techniques for the treatment of a cardiac arrest victim via electromagnetic stimulation of physiologic tissue.

Abstract: Methods and devices for chest compression depth measurement for CPR performed on infants.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present concept are directed to medical devices. For example, a medical device including a display for providing feedback to a rescuer who is performing Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) chest compressions to a patient. The display is structured to graphically indicate an instantaneous value of a measured compression depth of the chest of the patient. The display includes an indicator range that corresponds at least in part to a compression depth range of some of the measured compression depths. An indicator is represented as progressing along the indicator range as the depth changes within the compression depth range to represent a value of the measured compression depth in relation to the indicator range. Depending on the measured compression depth, the indicator progresses at a variable rate relative to a difference in the measured compression depth.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present concept are directed to CPR chest compression machines that include a sensor to detect a parameter about a patient, such as an indication of patient recovery, and include a processor that determines whether to cease series of successive compressions on the patient in response to the detected parameter.

Abstract: An automated external defibrillator (AED) (10) having a treatment decision processor (28) is described which estimates the probability of successful resuscitation made from an analysis of a patient parameter measured in the presence of CPR artifact. The invention may also adjust its analysis protocol and guidance outputs depending on a comparison of the estimate with a subsequent shock analysis. The invention also may use the trend of the measured patient parameter to adjust the CPR protocol either during a CPR pause or after the initial CPR pause. The AED (10) thus enables an improved rescue protocol.

Abstract: Apparatus for automatic delivery of chest compressions and ventilation to a patient, the apparatus including: a chest compressing device configured to deliver compression phases during which pressure is applied to compress the chest and decompression phases during which approximately zero pressure is applied to the chest a ventilator configured to deliver positive, negative, or approximately zero pressure to the airway; control circuitry and processor, wherein the circuitry and processor are configured to cause the chest compressing device to repeatedly deliver a set containing a plurality of systolic flow cycles, each systolic flow cycle comprising a systolic decompression phase and a systolic compression phase, and at least one diastolic flow cycle interspersed between sets of systolic flow cycles, each diastolic flow cycle comprising a diastolic decompression phase and a diastolic compression phase, wherein the diastolic decompression phase is substantially longer than the systolic decompression phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an apparatus of cardiopulmonary resuscitator that is operated through a driving mechanism controlled and driven by air power. The driving mechanism functions to actuate a belt adapted to extend around a chest of a patient to generate reciprocating movement of pressing and releasing so as to achieve a purpose of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for recovering heartbeat and breathing of the patent.

Abstract: Time after time studies find that often, even when administered by trained professionals, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) compression rates and depth are inadequate. Too week, shallow or too forceful compressions may contribute to suboptimal patient outcome. Several parameters are crucial for optimal and properly-administered CPR. Crucial parameters include proper hand positioning on the patient's chest, depth of compression of 4-5 cm, and compression rate of 100 compressions per minute. The crucial parameters are often affected by patient parameters, and relative to the patient, rescuer parameters, such as patient thoracic volume; weight; age; gender; and rescuer's, relative to the patient's, parameters, such as weight, height; physical form, etc. Proposed is an automated CPR feedback device with user programmable settings for assisting with real-time feedback and subsequently correcting rescuers patient customized CPR technique.

Abstract: The invention is a manual CPR or CCC continuous chest compression assist device for use on a person suffering cardiac arrest. The assist device has a compressible body structure and an audible signal element, visual signal assembly or both. The audio signal element is interposed in the body structure to announce or generate an audible sound or “click” at a predetermined deflection of the compressible portions. The visual signal assembly is interposed in the body structure to announce or generate a visible light at a predetermined deflection of the compressible portions. The activation of the visual or audio signal corresponds to a predetermined deflection of the compressible portions pressing against the breastbone and alerts the person administering to initiate decompressing to relax the body structure for the next compression, upon relaxation the device decompresses and a second audible or visual signal or both indicates a reset of the device.

Abstract: A pressure therapy system includes an air pump; a pneumatic line pressurized by the air pump; and a cuff in fluid communication with the pneumatic line, the cuff including flaps sized and shaped to extend around a user's limb, a first chamber and a second chamber separated fluidly by the cuff from the first chamber, wherein the pneumatic line splits into first and second line segments or openings, the first line segment or opening communicating fluidly with the first separated chamber, the second line segment or opening communicating fluidly with the second separated chamber, and wherein the second line segment or opening or a pathway of the cuff leading to the second separated chamber includes a flow restricting structure that delays pressurized air from reaching the second chamber relative to the first chamber.

Abstract: A combined cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) system for performing an emergency procedure over the clothing of a patient is provided. The system includes a spinal support rest having a cushion that accommodates a neck portion of the patient, a compression pad operatively connected to the spinal support rest and is adapted to be placed over the patient such that the compression pad is aligned above the heart and chest of the patient. A first arm strap and a second arm strap operatively connected to the compression pad. A power button automatically dials an emergency number to contact a medical professional. An interactive communication unit activates a two way real time video conference with the medical professional on the display to receive a set of instructions from the medical professional in real time to enable a user to perform the emergency procedure on the patient.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products are provided for reducing a risk of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) include detecting a first post-defibrillation blood flow of a subject and detecting a second post-defibrillation blood flow of the subject after the first post-defibrillation blood flow. If the first post-defibrillation blood flow of the subject is above a first threshold value and the second post-defibrillation blood flow is below a second threshold value, a plurality of electrical pulses that reduces a risk of PEA is delivered.

Abstract: A compression belt cartridge for use with chest compression devices. The compression belt cartridge has a double-oar shaped belt and a cover plate through which the belt is threaded. The cover plate is provided with hooks and snap latches that fit into a belt drive platform. The cover plate is sized and dimensioned to fit within only selected platforms. The belt attaches to the means for tightening the belt via a spline attached to the belt. The means for tightening a belt then repetitively tightens the belt, thereby accomplishing chest compressions.

Abstract: Methods to control the delivery of CPR to a patient through a mechanical CPR device are described. The method generally allows for a gradual increase in the frequency of CPR cycles. The gradual increase can be regulated by protocols programmed within the CPR device such as intermittently starting and stopping the delivery of CPR accelerating the delivery of CPR, stepping up the CPR frequency, increasing the force of CPR, and adjusting the ratio of compression and decompression in a CPR cycle. Combinations of each of these forms may also be used to control the delivery of CPR. This manner of gradually accelerating artificial blood flow during the first minutes of mechanical CPR delivery can serve to lessen the potential for ischemia/reperfusion injury in the patient who receives mechanical CPR treatment.

Abstract: A system applies cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to a recipient. An automated controller is provided together with a compression device which periodically applies a force to a recipient's thorax under control of the automated controller. A band is adapted to be placed around a portion of the torso of the recipient corresponding to the recipient's thorax. A driver mechanism shortens and lengthens the circumference of the band. By shortening the circumference of the band, radial forces are created acting on at least lateral and anterior portions of the thorax. A translating mechanism may be provided for translating the radial forces to increase the concentration of anterior radial forces acting on the anterior portion of the thorax. The driver mechanism may comprise a tension device for applying a circumference tensile force to the band. The driver mechanism may comprise an electric motor, a pneumatic linear actuator, or a contracting mechanism defining certain portions of the circumference of the band.

Abstract: Systems and methods related to the field of cardiac resuscitation, and in particular to devices for assisting rescuers in performing cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are described herein. In some aspects, the system includes a chest compression sensor providing movement information during a plurality of manual chest compressions performed by a rescuer on a chest of a patient; a release sensor providing information as to whether the rescuer's hands are in contact with the release sensor during manual chest compressions or not in contact with the release sensor between manual chest compressions; a computing unit; and an audio and/or visual display providing feedback received from the computing unit to the rescuer regarding chest compression rate, chest compression depth and whether the rescuer's hands are not in contact with the release sensor between manual chest compressions.

Abstract: A wearable cardiopulmonary resuscitation assist device or system including: a wearable article to be worn by a cardiopulmonary resuscitation performer or a patient, for assisting administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation by the performer; at least one sensor for measuring at least one parameter to assist in cardiopulmonary resuscitation; at least one feedback component for conveying feedback information based on the parameter to the performer for assisting the performer in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation; and a processing unit, the processing unit being configured to receive the at least one parameter from the at least one sensor and to send information based on the parameter to the at least one feedback component. Also a method for training or improving cardiopulmonary resuscitation procedures using the device.

Abstract: An autonomous mechanical CPR device is disclosed having a CPR unit attached to a free-standing support assembly. In operation, a victim is placed in the support assembly such that the CPR unit can compress the victim's chest. The CPR device is preferably portable, and it provides the recommended depth of chest compression at the recommended rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present concept are directed to medical devices having features that prevent contaminants from infiltrating the housing of the device while providing a mechanism to provide clear auditory sounds to aid a rescuer in providing care to a patient. In one example, a medical device includes a housing having a transmission area associated with an enclosed voice coil. An exterior diaphragm formed integrally with the housing surrounds the transmission area and provides a watertight seal of the transmission area. In addition, the diaphragm is structured to generate a sound that can be heard by the rescuer from the voice coil.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for generating energized water molecules and administering same to a human or other biological subject. The system includes a humidifying apparatus, and excitation apparatus, and a control system. The system may further include a fluid management system to assist in the delivery of energized water molecules.

Abstract: A plunger adapter and a detachable compression pad for piston driven chest compression devices optimizes the application of chest compressions to a fixed location on a patient's chest. The detachable compression pad may be removably secured to the patient above the patient's sternum to ensure that the compression pressure from the piston through the piston adapter is applied to a fixed location on the patient's chest. As the plunger and plunger adapter retract from the chest, the compression pad remains fixed to the patient's chest, and as the plunger and plunger adapter extend from the chest compression unit for subsequent compression strokes, the distal end of the plunger adapter reengages the compression pad to apply compression to a fixed location on the patient's chest.

Abstract: Methods and systems of applying treatment to a subject experiencing cardiac distress. In one example, a therapy electrode package includes a first therapy electrode disposed within the package, a second therapy electrode disposed within the package, and a CPR assistance device disposed within the package. The first therapy electrode, the second therapy electrode, and the CPR assistance device are arranged within the therapy electrode package such that when the electrode package is in an open configuration, the relative positions of the first therapy electrode, the second therapy electrode, and the CPR assistance device approximate the relative positions at to which the first therapy electrode, the second therapy electrode, and the CPR assistance device should be placed on a subject for treatment of the subject.

Abstract: A defibrillation electrode pad includes an electrode section and a CPR administration section. The electrode section and the CPR administration section are positioned in the defibrillation electrode pad relative to each other such that the CPR administration section is located above a sternum of an adult subject and the electrode section is located in a position appropriate for the administration of a defibrillation shock to the adult subject when the defibrillation electrode pad is oriented in a first orientation and such that the CPR administration section is located above a sternum of a pediatric subject and the electrode section is located in a position appropriate for the administration of a defibrillation shock to the pediatric subject when the defibrillation electrode pad is oriented in a second orientation different from the first orientation.

Abstract: A chest compression device includes a piston to apply compression to the sternum and incorporates leaf springs simultaneously driven by the piston to apply lateral compression to the thorax during chest compressions. A motor in the chest compression device provides motive power to cyclically extend and contract the piston to provide therapeutic chest compressions. One end of each leaf spring is operably connected to the piston and the other end of each leaf spring is secured to the backboard/base or to a support leg of the chest compression device such that during extension of the piston, each leaf spring is compressed against the device base or leg which causes the springs to flex and provide lateral compression of the patient's thorax in addition to the sternal compression of the piston.

Abstract: A plunger adapter and a detachable compression pad for piston driven chest compression devices optimizes the application of chest compressions to a fixed location on a patient's chest. The detachable compression pad may be removably secured to the patient above the patient's sternum to ensure that the compression pressure from the piston through the piston adapter is applied to a fixed location on the patient's chest. As the plunger and plunger adapter retract from the chest, the compression pad remains fixed to the patient's chest, and as the plunger and plunger adapter extend from the chest compression unit for subsequent compression strokes, the distal end of the plunger adapter reengages the compression pad to apply compression to a fixed location on the patient's chest.

Abstract: A cardiac resuscitation device that includes a pulse sensor configured to detect pulse information characterizing the cardiac pulse in the patient, an accelerometer configured to detect chest movements of the patient during chest compressions, and memory and processing circuits configured to process the outputs of the pulse sensor and accelerometer to monitor the effect that chest compressions have on the patient's pulse.