Abstract: Expandable fusion devices, systems, instruments, and methods thereof. The expandable fusion implant may include an upper endplate assembly and a lower endplate assembly. The upper and lower endplate assemblies may be configured to expand in width. A rotatable actuator may move one or more driving ramps, which mate with an upper ramp and a lower ramp, respectively. The actuator may cause independent movement of one or more of the driving ramps, thereby causing an expansion in height of the upper and lower endplate assemblies.

Abstract: A system for monitoring potential damage to a tissue within a patient caused by tissue retraction during a surgical procedure, the system comprising: a housing body; an attachment mechanism for attaching the housing body to a tip of a surgical retractor; a force sensor; an inertial sensor; a feedback module; and a control module configured to: track force applied by the retractor tip to the tissue based on force signals received from the force sensor; detect the force applied approaching a force threshold, the force threshold based on a relationship between force applied by the retractor tip to the tissue and orientation of the retractor tip against the tissue; in response to the force applied approaching the force threshold, generating a first warning prompt indicating a possibility of damage to the tissue; and outputting the first warning prompt via a feedback module.

Abstract: A joint distraction lever includes a lever body, a projection coupled to the lever body such that the projection is movable relative to the lever body, and a force sensor positioned between the lever body and the projection and configured to measure a force of the projection on the lever body.

Abstract: A packaging insert/cartridge for use with an implant having first and second components is provided. The packaging insert includes a main body, a snap fit latch extending proximally from the main body and a spacer extending distally from the main body and configured to be disposed between the first and second components of the implant. The snap fit latch is adapted to snap fit over a mating part of an implant inserter.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for correcting sagittal imbalance in a spine including instruments for performing the controlled release of the anterior longitudinal ligament through a lateral access corridor and hyper-lordotic lateral implants.

Abstract: A spinal jack adapted for installation between first and second vertebral processes, including first and second inter-expandable jack halves arranged between retracted and expanded positions. Each of the jack halves further includes gripping portions adapted for engaging the vertebral processes. A worm gear mechanism provides for expanding or retracting the jack halves in order to establish a corrected adjusted orientation between the processes and includes each of stationary rotatable slave gears along with support stems with integrated worm gear interfaces for expanding the jack halves relative to each other.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing joint laxity measurement are disclosed. A retractor includes a plurality of spacers, such as plates, that are capable of being moved from a central portion of the retractor by a carriage mechanism. In some cases, the carriage mechanism may press against ramps connected to internal sides of the plates, thereby causing the plates to be displaced outwardly. In other cases, the carriage mechanism may include blades that rotate and press against the internal sides of the plates, thereby causing the plates to be displaced outwardly. The retractor is mounted on a surgical device configured to actuate the carriage mechanism. When the retractor is placed in a joint and the carriage mechanism is actuated, a measurement of the joint laxity may be determined based upon characteristics of the retractor and/or the surgical device.

Abstract: Expandable spinal fixation assemblies, systems, and methods thereof. An expandable spinal fixation system may include expandable barrel assembly including an upper barrel half and a lower barrel half and a fixed barrel assembly. The fixed barrel assembly is insertable between the upper barrel half and the lower barrel half such that the fixed barrel assembly is clamped between the upper barrel half and the lower barrel half. Each of the expandable barrel assembly and the fixed barrel assembly includes fixation plates adapted to secure spinous processes to the fixation system.

Abstract: An implantable spacer for placement between adjacent spinous processes in a spinal motion segment is provided. The spacer includes a body defining a longitudinal axis and passageway. A first arm and a second arm are connected to the body. Each arm has a pair of extensions and a saddle defining a U-shaped configuration for seating a spinous process therein. Each arm has a proximal caming surface and is capable of rotation with respect to the body. An actuator assembly is disposed inside the passageway and connected to the body. When advanced, a threaded shaft of the actuator assembly contacts the caming surfaces of arms to rotate them from an undeployed configuration to a deployed configuration. In the deployed configuration, the distracted adjacent spinous processes are seated in the U-shaped portion of the arms.

Abstract: A method and system for producing a curvature of a rod of vertebral osteosynthesis material designed to support a vertebral column of a patient is provided. A production unit receives a model defining the curvature of the rod. The curvature of the rod is based on a pre-operative X-ray of the vertical column and defined by a simulated correction to be applied to the lumbar segment to be treated, a deduced curved segment representing the curvature of the rod based at least in part on one or more of a lumbar lordosis or a first curvature above a repositioned apex point and the second curvature below the repositioned apex point, and a translated curved segment representative of the deduced curve segment being translated away from a mean line of the vertebral column. The production unit uses computer aided design to produce the rod.

Abstract: A method of calibrating a frontal 2D image of a pelvis of a patient is disclosed. Frontal and lateral 2D images are received, where a fiducial marker is positioned on the patient's suprapubic region during image capture. A first distance of the fiducial marker from the imaging detector is determined based on the fiducial marker's measured diameter in the frontal image. A second distance of the fiducial marker from a coronal plane of the pelvis is determined based on the fiducial marker's measured diameter in the lateral image. The second distance is corrected based on a rotational offset of the patient in the lateral image. A third distance of the coronal plane from the imaging detector in the frontal image is determined from the first distance and corrected second distance. A calibration factor for the frontal image is calculated from the third distance and used to scale the frontal image.

Abstract: An adjustable implant includes a body portion including a first end, a second end including a bull nose, and a sidewall extending from the first end to the second end, a hook coupled to the body portion, the hook including a first hook portion extending from the body portion in a first direction, and a second hook portion extending from the first hook portion in a second direction that is different from the first direction, a first wing coupled to the first end of the body portion, and a second wing coupled to the body portion such that the distance between the first wing and the second wing is adjustable by a user, wherein the first and second wings include inward facing surfaces configured to be positioned adjacent portions of bone of a patient.

Abstract: A spinal disc implant including a body defined by a plurality of interwoven or braided nitinol strands. The body includes a first end and a second end. The nitinol strands come together at the first end and are secured with a first fitting. The nitinol strands also come together at the second end and are secured with a second fitting. The second fitting can include a snare hook. The braided nitinol skeleton is internally assembled within the intervertebral disc. The implant is filled with liquid, gel or silicone when utilized as a motion preserving nucleus pulpous implant. The implant is filled with bone graft material when utilized as an inter-body fusion implant. An instrument and technique that provides a minimally invasive “needle based” solution to address degenerative disc disease with enhanced structural integrity of the spine compared to conventional surgical devices and techniques.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and component parts of a system for the external fixation of bones. The component parts include fixation plates such as a C-shaped Plate, an N-shaped Plate, a J-shaped Plate, a K-shaped Plate, an I-shaped Plate, a Foot Plate, a Z-shaped Plate, a T-shaped Plate, a UT-shaped Plate and an oval shaped Plate. Two or more fixation plates are configured along an axis, the two or more fixation plates; a plurality of telescoping adjustable struts that connect a first fixation plate along the axis with a second fixation plate of the plurality of fixation plates along the axis, wherein the first and second fixation plates are adjacent plates along the axis; and a plurality of posts, each post connecting two adjacent fixation plates of the plurality of fixation plates along the axis.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus configured to be placed in the musculoskeletal system to precisely separate a first bone from a second bone. The surgical apparatus has one or more sensors to measure one or more parameters and supports one or more bone cuts for installing a prosthetic component. The surgical apparatus has three distraction mechanisms configured to increase or decrease a height between a first support structure and a second support structure. The tilt mechanism adjusts the tilt between the first support structure relative to the second support structure. The tilt mechanism of the surgical apparatus is adjusted from a first tilt to a second tilt to support a bone cut on one of the first or second bones.

Abstract: A targeting guide is disclosed includes a handle extending substantially along a longitudinal axis. The longitudinal handle defines one or more burr holes extending from a first side of the handle to a second side of the handle. A head is coupled to a distal end of the longitudinal handle. The head defines a plurality of guide holes sized and configured to receive a k-wire therethrough.

Abstract: A monopedicular targeting system for posterior spinal surgery includes a first joint component, a fastener for affixing the first joint component to a single pedicle, a positioning arm having a second joint component for mating with the first joint component to form a first joint having three rotational degrees of freedom, and a connector for coupling the spinal surgery device to the positioning arm. The connector has a third joint component that mates with a fourth joint component of a spinal surgery device to form a second joint having three rotational degrees of freedom. A monopedicular targeting method for posterior spinal surgery includes affixing a fastener to a single pedicle and adjusting three translational degrees of freedom and three rotational degrees of freedom of a posterior spinal surgery device with respect to a pedicle of a vertebra by manipulating joints of a manipulator connecting the spinal surgery device to the fastener.

Abstract: Instrument systems for performing total ankle arthroplasties comprise an instrument adapter, a talus reaming guide and a talar trial system. The instrument adapter comprises a coupler for attaching to a robotic surgical arm, an extension arm extending from the coupler, a talus resection block attached to the extension arm, including a talus cutting guide surface, and an interface for receiving another instrument. The talus reaming guide comprises a second attachment member for coupling to the interface, and a reaming hoop for confining movement of a reamer. The talar trial system comprises a talar adapter for connecting to the interface, and a talar trial couplable to the talar adapter, the talar trial including a talar bearing surface. The talus resection block can serve as a universal instrument adapter for mounting the talus reaming guide, the talar trial system and a tibia resection block for performing a total ankle arthroplasty.

Abstract: Provided is a spacer device for assisting a surgeon during knee surgery on a patient, the spacer device having a housing, a support portion and an electronic force sensor. The housing includes a lateral member having an outer surface and an inner surface and a pair of side members that comprise respective, internal, opposed side walls. The support portion includes a first end portion disposed between the side walls of the housing and including a first pair of lateral projections and a second end portion. The support portion is further adapted for axial slidable movement relative to the housing so as to define a first space and a second space between a first pair of lateral projections and respective side members for receiving one or more spacer elements therein. A surgical system including the spacer device as well as methods of using same are also provided.

Abstract: A medical device and method of expanding the maxilla of a patient via application of intra-orally generated forces and/or applying externally generated protraction forces to the maxilla of the patient is provided. The medical device can embody multiple configurations device that include skeletal anchorage device alone or in combination with a fixed aligner or an adjustable aligner.

Abstract: A cage device includes first and second segments pivotally connected by a hinge. Pivoted movement of the segments with respect to each other is limited by a first stopper portion of the first segment abutting against a second stopper portion of the second segment.

Abstract: Vertebral retaining devices and instruments are provided. A retaining device may include a first monolithic body having a first handle and first jaw pivotably coupled to a second monolithic body having a second handle and a second jaw. The first body and the second body may be pivotably coupled to one another at an intermediate region between the respective handles and jaws. In some aspects, the first and second bodies may be polymeric. The first jaw and second jaw may be shaped to provide an access region between the first jaw and the second jaw when the retaining device is coupled to bone fasteners attached to the vertebrae. The retaining device may include a locking assembly coupled to the first handle and the second handle, and configured to retain the first jaw and the second jaw in a spaced relationship relative to one another.

Abstract: An artificial intervertebral disc is configured to be inserted between adjacent human vertebrae. The artificial intervertebral disc includes a first connection block, a joint block and a second connection block. The joint block has a convex surface and a rear surface. The rear surface of the joint block is stacked on the first connection block. The second connection block is slidably stacked on the convex surface of the joint block, such that the second connection block is movable relative to the first connection block. In addition, the convex surface is a curved surface, and the convex surface is arranged off-axis with respect to the rear surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for joint replacement are provided. The systems and methods can include a surgical orientation device and/or a reference sensor device. The surgical orientation device and orthopedic fixtures can be used to locate the orientation of an axis in the body, to adjust an orientation of a cutting plane or planes along a bony surface, to distract a joint, to measure an angle, to orient a cutting guide, to orient a resection guide, to resect the femur, or to otherwise assist in an orthopedic procedure or procedures.

Abstract: System for connecting a connection device to a bone with a bone pin, wherein the connection device is provided with an opening for receiving the bone pin, wherein the system comprises: said connection device; a guiding tube arranged to guide the bone pin from the connection device to the bone for connecting the bone pin to the bone, wherein the inner diameter of the guiding tube corresponds to the outer diameter of the bone pin and wherein the guiding tube can be slidably received in the opening, the guiding tube being slidable with respect to the connection device along an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the opening; a locking device arranged to be received in the opening of the connection device and arranged to engage the bone pin for locking the bone pin with respect to the connection device, wherein the guiding tube is movable with respect to the connection device and bone pin such that the guiding tube is removable from the combination of the bone pin and the connection device and wherein the

Abstract: An insertion instrument for inserting an implant includes an elongated main body having a proximal handle and a distal portion that selectively couples to the implant. A wing actuation tool is slidably engaged in a central passage of the elongated main body to fix the implant to the elongated main body. The wing actuation tool temporarily attaches to the implant allowing for deployment and retraction of wings of the implant during surgery. Longitudinal translation of the wing actuation tool deploys an actuation plunger of the implant.

Abstract: An expandable spinal implant is provided having first and second endplates hinged along one end or otherwise connected by pins, protrusions and channels, or similar mechanisms and an expansion mechanism(s) disposed therebetween configured to expand the first and second endplates from each other. Also provided are expandable spinal implants that may be expanded in a parallel manner to increase the height of the device while maintaining a lordotic angle. Other spinal implants may provide dual expansion whereby both height and lordotic angle are adjusted. Various implants, systems and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: Spinal spacing implants, spinal spacer assembly, expander and insertion instruments, kits and methods of assembly and use are disclosed. The spinal implant replacement instrument kit including a distraction instrument, a spacer inserter, and a spinal implant. A distraction instrument includes a first inserter member, a second inserter member, a first arm coupled to the first inserter member, a second arm coupled to the second inserter member, a distraction system coupled to the first arm and second arm, a first handle coupled to the first arm and the distraction system, and a second handle coupled to the second arm and the distraction system. Spinal spacing implants, spinal spacer assemblies, and methods of assembling and using the implants assemblies, and instruments are also disclosed.

Abstract: Inflatable spinal implants are disclosed for intra-vertebral or inter-vertebral reduction and fixation of osteoporotic fractures in a spine. An inflatable implant may include an inflatable member having an interior for receiving a hardenable fluid and an expandable jacket to cause differential and directional expansion of the inflatable member. A one-way valve may be configured to prevent hardenable fluid from escaping out of the inflatable member. An inflatable implant may include a connection fixation device having a fluid coupling configured for releasable engagement with an inflation cannula and an anchoring portion configured for holding the implant in place within a vertebra. The fluid coupling may also be configured for releasable engagement with an anti-rotation device, which may be used to hold the implant stationary to facilitate engagement and disengagement of the inflation cannula with the fluid coupling. Related systems and methods are also described.

Abstract: An arthroscopic tool for labrum repair procedure, including: a cannulated working channel having a proximal end and a distal end; and a holding element adapted to be attached to the proximal end of the working channel for supporting a labrum during an arthroscopic labrum repair procedure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device intended to replace or partially replace one or more vertebral bodies or intervertebral discs in the cervical, thoracic or lumbar spine, and includes methods for its use and deployment. The invention may be used to restore biomechanical parameters correlating with improved patient outcomes and also involves a method for a more effective discectomy or corpectomy prior to graft deployment.

Abstract: An expandable interbody device for implantation within an intervertebral space is provided, together with methods and tools for use therewith. The interbody devices of the present invention include upper and lower bearing members configured to expand via an expansion mechanism configured to allow the insertion of osteoconductive materials and other structures into the interior of the interbody device before and after implantation, and before and after expansion of the interbody device. The insertion tool is configured expand the interbody device and to allow insertion of materials into the interbody device through a protected pathway.

Abstract: A method for fusing a spinal sacroiliac joint and a surgical kit. The kit includes a bone-void filler, stabilization device or implant, a guide pin, a joint locator, a set of dilation tubes, a reamer, a novel directional cannula, a novel tapping cap, a novel drill guide, a drill bit, and a novel implant positioner. The method includes the steps of locating the sacroiliac joint, retracting the soft tissue exposing the graft site, removing any bone obstructions and preparing a relatively smooth graft site horizontal to the immediate sacroiliac joint, creating a cavity in the ilium and sacrum to a predetermined depth that spans the sacroiliac joint, inserting a novel stabilization implant into the cavity, and seating the implant within the cavity at a predetermined depth.

Abstract: Surgical instruments, systems and methods are described for selecting a size and cutting bone for inserting of an intervertebral disc prosthesis. The surgical instrument includes a combined intervertebral disc prosthesis sizing trial and a slot or channel cutter which is movable with respect to the sizing trial.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a shoulder prosthesis. The shoulder prosthesis includes a glenoid component, a humeral component, and an articulation component. The glenoid component includes a glenoid body having a proximal side and a distal side, the proximal side shaped to engage with a resected portion of a glenoid cavity. The humeral component includes a humeral body having a proximal side and a distal side, the distal side shaped to engage with a resected portion of a humerus. The articulation component is positionable between the distal side of the glenoid component and the proximal side of the humeral component, the articulation component configured to be maintained between the glenoid and humeral components, after implantation, by at least one of a deltoid muscle and a rotator cuff.

Abstract: A lumbar process static and dynamic stabilization device includes: an upper arm configured to receive and be affixed to a first spinous process of one vertebrae; and a lower arm configured to receive and be affixed to a second spinous process of another vertebrae. The upper arm and the lower arm are pivotally connected, such that the upper arm and the lower arm can pivot relative to each other to transition the device to a desired orientation. At the same time, the device can be selectively locked into either a static configuration by a locking mechanism or allowed to move dynamically, such that the upper arm and the lower arm of the device are allowed to move relative to each other in response to manipulation of the portion of the lumbar spine on which the device is implemented.

Abstract: A method of preparing a metatarsophalangeal joint for fusion may involve surgically accessing the metatarsophalangeal joint and separating the metatarsal from the opposed proximal phalanx at the joint. The technique may involve preparing an end of the metatarsal and preparing an end of the opposed proximal phalanx for fusion. With or without the aid of a bone positioner, the metatarsal may be moved in one or more planes, such as the frontal and transverse planes. The proximal phalanx may also be moved in one or more planes, for example relative to the moved metatarsal. Subsequently, a bone fixation device can be applied across or through the metatarsophalangeal joint separating the metatarsal from the opposed proximal phalanx.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a passageway through tissue includes a dilator mounted to a shaft, wherein the dilator includes a first portion, which has an increasing taper from a first outer diameter to a larger second outer diameter, and a second portion, which has a decreasing taper from the first portion to a distal end of the dilator, and which includes an external non-cutting thread formed along the decreasing taper. Lumens of the dilator and shaft provide a conduit for means to pierce through the tissue, for example, an elongate wire that includes a piercing tip. In some cases, the dilator first portion is expandable to, and contractible from, the larger second outer diameter, wherein the apparatus may include a spreading member configured to slide between the shaft and the first portion. The apparatus may be included in a system with an introducer sheath.

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes an end effector and a shaft. The end effector includes a first jaw movable relative to the second jaw. The shaft extends proximally from the end effector. The shaft includes a proximal coupler, a tube, and a distal coupler. The proximal coupler includes a distal coupling feature adjacent a distal end. The tube includes proximal and distal coupling features that are adjacent the respective proximal and distal ends of the tube. The proximal coupling feature is configured to engage the distal coupling feature of the proximal coupler to securably lock the tube and the proximal coupler together. The distal coupler includes a proximal coupling feature adjacent the proximal end of the distal coupler. The proximal coupling feature of the distal coupler is configured to engage the distal coupling feature of the tube to securably lock the distal coupler and the tube together.

Abstract: In order to promote bone growth without damage of a growth plate to improve the stability of a procedure, provided is an implant device for promoting bone growth, the device including: a first implant bar implanted to penetrate a metaphysis corresponding to the inside of a growth plate of a long bone to be treated; a second implant bar implanted to penetrate an epiphysis of the outside of the growth plate; and a stimulation elongation means disposed close to the external surface of the long bone to be treated and installed under skin tissues surrounding the long bone to be treated, and being elongated between end portions of the implant bars to increase a gap between the implant bars to cause the growth plate to be extended.

Abstract: An orthopedic distraction device is provided. The orthopedic distraction device includes a first upper paddle for engaging a first bone of a joint, a lower paddle for engaging a second bone of the joint and a displacement mechanism. The displacement mechanism includes a drive assembly operable to move the upper paddle relative to the lower paddle. The lower paddle is releasably connected to the displacement mechanism.

Abstract: Devices and methods of correcting vertebral misalignment, including, e.g., spondylolisthesis, are disclosed. In one embodiment, a vertebral implant may include an assembly configured to be secured to a first vertebral body, wherein the assembly includes a frame made of a first material and at least one end plate made of a second material different than the first material; a reducing plate configured to be slidably received over the central portion, wherein the reducing plate is configured to be secured to a second vertebral body; and an actuator configured to move the reducing plate relative to the frame.

Abstract: An implant for restoring height of a vertebral body. The implant includes upper and lower plates configured to be moved away from one another in the craniocaudal direction for the implant to be deployed. Supports are coupled to the upper plate and a distal end portion, and arranged in a crisscross configuration in the proximal-to-distal direction in each of an insertion configuration and a deployed configuration. The crisscross configuration facilitates increased expansion of the implant. The supports may be laterally spaced from one another to define a void space for receiving retaining element, and inner and outer arcuate surfaces may provide a generally cylindrical profile to the implant. One of the supports may be a support fork arranged in a V-shaped configuration. A length of the supports may be approximately 50-90% of a length of the upper and lower plates. The implant may be formed through additive manufacturing.

Abstract: A spinal surgery retractor and method of use. The retractor includes a slotted keyway for integrating a keyed spinal distractor. The retractor and distractor combination slide together to displace a portion of the intervertebral disk space to restore or maintain intervertebral spacing and facilitate retraction of surrounding soft tissues while disk space surgery is performed. The distractor head and mating portion of the retractors have matching profiles that enable the retractor to maintain distraction of the vertebra after removal of the distractor portion of the tool, permitting access to increase at the operating site.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an intervertebral implant includes a body and a locking element. The body includes a leading surface and a trailing surface opposite the leading surface. The body also includes first and second bone fastener passageways through the implant body and a cavity in between the first and second passageways. The cavity includes a trailing wall that separates the cavity from the trailing surface. The locking element is disposed in the cavity such that part of the locking element is visible through an access opening in the trailing wall so that the locking element may be rotated from outside of the implant. In a first rotational position, a first part of the locking element is located within one of the first and second passageways and in a second rotational position, the first part of the locking element is inside the body covered by the trailing wall.

Abstract: A system and method for providing a spinal implant having a main body, a proximal anchor, a distal anchor, and an internal plunger. The proximal anchor comprises a nut having an internal bore. The distal anchor comprises a plurality of wings having a first closed configuration and a second open configuration. The internal plunger is housed within a central bore of the main body. The distal end of the internal plunger is operatively connected to the first wing and the second wing to selectively move the wings between the first closed configuration and the second open configuration, and vice versa.

Abstract: A method of performing a bunion surgery may involve positioning a first portion of a bone positioning device over a first cuneiform and positioning a second portion of the bone positioning device over a first metatarsal with the bone positioning device extending across a joint separating the two bones. The second portion of the bone positioning device can be adjusted relative to the first portion about a first axis and about a second axis. The method may involve moving the second portion of the bone positioning device relative to the first portion of the bone positioning device about the first axis and the second axis, thereby moving the first metatarsal relative to the first cuneiform in a first plane and a second plane. The method may also involve fixing a position of the first metatarsal relative to the first cuneiform with a bone connector.

Abstract: Disclosed is a surgery control tool: being no patient implant, including: an elongated body having the shape and the size of a spinal correction rod, end contact parts being able to contact a patient implanted spinal correction rod implant, spacers extending from the elongated body towards the end contact parts.

Abstract: An insertion instrument for inserting an implant includes an elongated main body having a proximal handle and a distal portion that selectively couples to the implant. A plunger is slidably engaged in a central passage of the elongated main body to fix the implant to the elongated main body. A hex nut driver is concentrically located about the plunger and elongated main body to deploy an actuation plunger of the implant. The proximal handle portion of the main body includes a staggered path therethrough for accepting a tab of the plunger therein. Advancement and retraction of the plunger tab within the staggered path alternates the insertion instrument between an unlocked position to mount the implant on the distal portion, a locked position to lock the implant on the distal portion, and a deployed position configured to secure the implant in position.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for distracting tissue. The devices and methods may include insertion of first and second elongated members into the space between two tissue layers, with an augmenting elongated member inserted therebetween to form a distraction device between the tissues to be distracted. The distraction device defines a generally annular configuration, with a locking member secured to one of the elongated members at a plurality of locations to maintain the distraction device in the generally annular configuration. The augmenting elongated member may be shorter than the first and second elongated members such that a window is defined between the proximal and distal ends of the augmenting elongated member when the distraction device and the first and second elongated members are in the generally annular configuration. Bone graft material or bone filler may be introduced into the interior of the distraction device through the window.