Abstract: A system and method for reducing the refrigerant charge in a refrigeration system by preheating the liquid refrigerant before it is introduced to the evaporator inlet. When refrigerant liquid is introduced to the evaporator inlet, a portion of the refrigerant liquid vaporizes. This refrigerant vapor displaces refrigerant liquid at the inlet of the evaporator. As more refrigerant vapor is introduced, the amount of liquid inside the evaporator is reduced. A heat exchanger is placed before the liquid refrigerant inlet of the evaporator to generate more vapor when the refrigerant enters the evaporator.

Abstract: A non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture attains an extremely low temperature of ?200 deg. C. through ?150 deg. C. in a refrigerating system equipped with a heat exchanger; a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture which attains a low temperature of ?100 deg. C. or lower is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture which comprises a base refrigerant and R-14 wherein R-14 is contained in an amount of 5 wt % through 40 wt %, whereas the base refrigerant consists of butane plus propane and R-23 plus R-116 as the low boiling point refrigerant; also, a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture that attains ?120 deg. C. or lower is a non-azeotropic refrigerant mixture which comprises R-50 plus R-740 as well as a base refrigerant and R-14 wherein the base refrigerant/R-14 ratio is 95/5 through 60/40 and R-50 and R-740 are contained respectively in an amount of 1 wt % through 10 wt.

Abstract: A household appliance has a working chamber and at least one latent heat store having a respective storage medium. The storage medium is thermally coupled via a respective associated heat exchanger to a working medium circulating through the working chamber. The working medium moves from the working chamber to a heat sink, from the heat sink to the heat exchanger, from the heat exchanger to a heat source, and from the heat source back to the working chamber. The storage medium forms a substance mixture together with a respective carrier fluid. The substance mixture can be conducted in a respective closed circuit through the associated heat exchanger for an exchange of heat with the working medium, and the substance mixture circulates between the associated heat exchanger and at least one reservoir in the respective closed circuit. The reservoir can be refilled layer-by-layer with the substance mixture conducted through the respective associated heat exchanger.

Abstract: An absorption heat pump with a system for improving its efficiency under generator overfeed conditions. The absorber is bypassed to direct the rich solution directly into the generator, mixing this rich solution with liquid refrigerant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling the power of a sorption refrigeration system, comprising an adsorber unit, a condenser (C), and an evaporator (E) through which a cooling carrier fluid (KT) flows, with alternating application of the adsorber unit by a valve unit (HV_IN, HV_OUT) operated via a controller, having a circuit process of at least one sorption phase and at least one heat recovery phase, wherein a measurement of a current cooling carrier outlet temperature (Takt) is carried out in the return of the evaporator, a calculation of an averaged cooling carrier outlet temperature (Tgem) is carried out during the first and second sorption phases with a comparison to the current cooling carrier outlet temperature (Takt), and a control signal is trigger upon completion of the sorption phase as a function of the difference between the averaged cooling carrier outlet temperature (Tgem) and the current cooling carrier outlet temperature (Tgem). The invention provides a corresponding device.

Abstract: A device, such as an absorption chiller sub-system, is provided. The absorption chiller sub-system can include an evaporator and an absorber. The evaporator can be configured to receive a liquid first working fluid and to produce first working fluid vapor. The absorber can be configured to receive and combine first working fluid vapor and a second working fluid, for example, so as to release thermal energy. A divider having opposing first and second sides in respective fluid communication with the evaporator and the absorber can also be included. The divider can be configured to allow first working fluid vapor to pass therethrough between the first and second sides and to inhibit movement of liquid first working fluid therethrough between the first and second sides. Associated systems and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A method for determining the composition of a ternary refrigerant in a refrigeration system. The method calculates the composition of the ternary refrigerant under the assumption that the expansion cycle is isenthalpic and that the ratio of two components in the ternary mixture remain fixed in relation to one another before and after the expansion. These assumptions permit the calculation of composition of a ternary mixture with relatively few inputs.

Abstract: A method of charging and recharging a refrigerant loop with a ternary refirgerant composition, wherein substantially equal proportions of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane are added to the loop in substantially equal proportion by mass, during the step of charging and recharging.

Abstract: A modified Generator-Absorber-Heat Exchanger (GAX) absorption cycle system and method of operation are provided wherein, in addition to a primary refrigerant circulated through a first refrigerant circuit, a secondary refrigerant is circulated through a second refrigerant circuit to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cycle.

Abstract: A heat pump system and method utilizes heat of mixing, in addition to the latent heat of solution, to increase cooling ability and thermal performance. The system includes a unique two-phase compressor for compressing a two-component mixture of liquid absorbent-refrigerant solution and superheated vapor to a high pressure. A generator extracts heat from the volume to be cooled by desorption and evaporation of the refrigerant from the high concentration solution in fluid connection with the inlet of the compressor. An absorber releases heat to surroundings by absorbing and condensing refrigerant vapor back into the liquid solution. A throttle valve controls the flow and reduces the pressure of the working fluid is in fluid connection with the absorber and the generator.

Abstract: A heat exchanging apparatus includes a composite structure of a ferrosoferric oxide and a molybdenum oxide at the internal surface of a heat exchange cycle tube located in a generator. A process of suppressing corrosion of this heat exchanging apparatus includes the step of preparing an ammonia solution including dissolved oxygen of a concentration of approximately 3-8 ppm. Approximately 1 wt %-5 wt % molybdate is added into the ammonia solution. This ammonia solution is sealed within the heat exchange cycle tube to be heated to at least a predetermined temperature in the generator of the heat exchanging apparatus. Thus, a composite structure of a ferrosoferric oxide and molybdenum oxide is formed on the internal surface of the generator. This composite structure allows the suppression of corrosion in the internal surface of the generator.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for staging solid-vapor complex compounds comprises heat exchange means for transferring heat from super-heated refrigerant vapor from a desorbing reactor to cooled refrigerant vapor directed to an adsorbing reactor. In another embodiment a liquid subcooler is used to cool liquid refrigerant passing from a condenser to an evaporator with cold refrigerant gas directed to an adsorbing reactor from the evaporator.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a plurality of two or more reaction chambers, each having a different compound therein comprising a solid reactant adsorbent and a gaseous reactant adsorbed thereon, each of said compounds having a different gaseous refrigerant vapor pressure, substantially independent of the concentration of the gaseous reactant, and having an ascending order of gaseous reactant vapor pressure wherein the adsorption temperature of a lower vapor pressure compound at adsorption temperature of a lower vapor pressure compound at adsorption pressure is at least 8.degree..degree.C.

Abstract: An improved apparatus for staging solid-vapor complex compounds comprises heat exchange means for transferring heat from super-heated refrigerant vapor from a desorbing reactor to cooled refrigerant vapor directed to an adsorbing reactor. In another embodiment a liquid subcooler is used to cool liquid refrigerant passing from a condenser to an evaporator with cold refrigerant gas directed to an adsorbing reactor from the evaporator.

Abstract: A unique refrigerant containing three or more halocarbons, each halocarbon after the first having a successively higher boiling point. The refrigerant has a temperature/pressure relation substantially equal to FC-12. Also provided is a method for producing cooling and a method for producing heating using this refrigerant.

Abstract: Working fluid/solvent compositions for use in absorption heating and cooling equipment, which compositions comprise a chlorofluoroethane with a boiling point between -40.degree. and +50.degree. C. and at least one solvent with a boiling point above 100.degree. C., the solvent being at least one material having the formula:C.sub.m Cl.sub.2m+1 --(CF.sub.2 --CFCl).sub.n --Xwherein m is zero or one, n is an integer from one to four, and is at least two when m is zero, and X is hydrogen or chlorine, X being hydrogen only when m is one.

Abstract: Heat and/or cold are produced in an absorption heat converter operated with a solvent and at least two distinct working fluids condensed and vaporized in a temperature range, whereby the yield is increased.

Abstract: A metal hydride heat pump system has a plurality of operating units, the metal hydride heat exchange medium of each operating unit be a combination of a first metal hydride having a lower equilibrium dissociation pressure at the operating temperature and a second metal hydride having a higher equilibrium dissociation pressure at the operating temperature and the metal hydrides being such that hydrogen can flow freely between the two metal hydrides, wherein the equilibrium dissociation pressure characteristics of one or both of the first and second metal hydrides in a given operating unit differ from those of one or both of the first and second metal hydrides in at least one other operating unit.

Abstract: Thermal energy contained in a flow of hot fluid is employed to produce a heat source liquid at a temperature higher than that of said hot fluid by transferring heat from said hot fluid to a liquid at a relatively low superatmospheric pressure, which liquid contains two chemical substances in combination pursuant to a reversible exothermic chemical reaction, causing said two substances to separate with one remaining in liquid state and the other, which is non-aqueous, volatilizing into gaseous state. The gaseous substance is then separately condensed at said low superatmospheric pressure and the condensate and the said remaining liquid substance are each pumped to a high pressure and then mixed together with the result that the two chemical substances recombine pursuant to said exothermic reaction causing the liquid mixture to heat to a relatively high temperature and thereby produce the said heat source liquid from which heat is transferred to a heat utilizing fluid, e.g.

Abstract: A process for cold and/or heat production using carbon dioxide, a solvent for carbon dioxide and a condensable fluid (F), comprising conducting an absorption/condensation step wherein carbon dioxide is absorbed in the solvent and the gaseous fluid (F) is condensed, a step of separation of the resultant liquid phases, a desorption step for the CO.sub.2 solution, a mixing step and an evaporation step for the condensed fluid (F).

Abstract: Improved hydrogen-hydride absorption systems for improving the energy utilization in refrigeration and heat pump cycles comprise reactor systems for chemically forming three or more hydride components, means for supplying heat to and removing heat from the hydride in the respective systems, and means for conveying hydrogen between the several reactor systems.A method for deriving improved heat pump effects from a narrowly temperature differential thermal source and sink by means of three or more hydride components is achieved by successive pressure staging between a series of hydride components over the narrow temperature range of the thermal source.A method for deriving improved energy utilization of a high temperature thermal source for refrigeration by means of three or more hydride components is effected by cascading pressure differences between hydride components.

Abstract: Heat available at a lower temperature level is converted to heat at a higher temperature level, by dissolving a gaseous fraction of a working fluid into a liquid phase, thereby producing heat at the higher temperature level, desorbing at least a portion of said gaseous fraction with a stripping gas, taking heat at said lower temperature level, fractionating the resulting gaseous mixture by partial liquefaction, separation and vaporization, into at least two gaseous fractions and recycling said fractions respectively as working fluid and as stripping gas.

Abstract: A hydrogen-hydride absorption system comprising two reactor systems for chemically forming two hydride components, means for supplying heat to, and removing heat from, the component systems, means for partial thermal energy recovery from reactors in each of the systems, and means for conveying hydrogen between component reactor systems.A method for deriving refrigeration includes the steps of dehydriding the hydride of a first component reactor using a relatively low temperature thermal source and conveying the hydrogen to a second component reactor to be absorbed, and rejecting heat, decreasing the pressure of both component reactors along with partial heat recovery, supplying heat as a refrigeration load to dehydride the second component reactor and conveying the hydrogen to the first component reactor, and pressurizing both reactors through partial heat recovery and further heating.

Abstract: A hydrogen-hydride absorption system comprising two reactor systems for chemically forming two hydride components, means for supplying heat to, and removing heat from, the component systems, means for partial thermal energy recovery from reactors in each of the systems, and means for conveying hydrogen between component reactor systems.A method for deriving refrigeration includes the steps of dehydrating the hydride of a first component reactor using a relatively low temperature thermal source and conveying the hydrogen to a second component reactor to be absorbed, and rejecting heat, decreasing the pressure of both component reactors along with partial heat recovery, supplying heat as a refrigeration load to dehydride the second component reactor and conveying the hydrogen to the first component reactor, and pressurizing both reactors through partial heat recovery and further heating.