Abstract: In a bulk-milk cooling refrigeration system having an evaporator unit disposed within a bulk-milk cooling reservoir and interconnected with a water-cooled condenser unit for cooling milk in the reservoir, the hot water generated from the condenser unit during operation of the system is circulated through the evaporator unit to reduce its temperature whereby the water may be re-used in the water-cooled condenser unit, thereby conserving water and eliminating costly water storage tanks.

Abstract: Method and apparatus of transferring heat from a substance by way of an intermediate compressible fluid in which the heated fluid is compressed during intermittently spaced periods for subsequent cooling, high pressure fluid being fed back into the low pressure side during and immediately after the periods of compression.

Abstract: Refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a suction line connecting the evaporator to the intake of the compressor, and first and second capillary tubes for feeding refrigerant to the evaporator. Refrigerant flow control means is associated with said first capillary tube, a portion of the flow control means being disposed in heat exchange with the evaporator outlet. The flow control means includes a diverter conduit for a portion of the liquid refrigerant fed to the evaporator by said second capillary tube and affording heat exchange of said portion with refrigerant flowing from the condenser to the evaporator through said first capillary tube.

Abstract: The invention makes use of refrigerant passages or conduits in very effective heat-exchange relationship with the compression chamber and other hot parts of the compressor in a refrigeration system. The passages communicate at their inlet with an expansion valve or orifice, and at their outlet with a region of the compression chamber such that introduction of refrigerant vapor from the passages does not adversely affect the suction of the compressor. The expansion valve receives liquid refrigerant directly from the condenser of the system. The refrigerant vaporizes while passing through the passages, and then is injected in vapor form into the compression chamber for compression along with the main body of refrigerant vapor received from the evaporator of the system. Heat from the compressor, particularly the compression chamber and (in a piston-type compressor) the valve plate, is transferred through the walls of the passages to the vaporizing liquid-cooled refrigerant passing through the passages.

Abstract: A bath of helium-4 is cooled to a temperature below the .lambda. point so as to convert the lower portion of the bath to a superfluid-helium zone. A narrow stream between a top and a bottom portion of the zone is subjected to a critical heat flux corresponding to a temperature gradient by cooling the bath in the bottom portion of the superfluid-helium zone, the temperatures thus attainable being considerably lower than the .lambda. transition point.

Abstract: A refrigerator operable with an evaporation chamber and superfluid .sup.4 He II for temperatures below the .lambda.-point of helium, and means for preventing the .sup.4 He II from creeping upward out of the evaporation chamber.

Abstract: Refrigeration apparatus comprising a refrigerant compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a suction line connecting said evaporator to the intake of the compressor, and a capillary tube restrictor effective to feed refrigerant from the condenser to the evaporator. Refrigerant flow control means is interposed the capillary tube and the evaporator, with a portion of the flow control means disposed in heat exchange relation with the evaporator outlet. The flow control means further includes a diverter conduit for a portion of the liquid refrigerant being fed to the evaporator and affording heat exchange of said portion with refrigerant flowing from the condenser to the evaporator.