Abstract: An absorption cool-water machine including a high quality fuel system and an exhaust heat utility system and apparatus and method for controlling the same is described in which the control has improved effectiveness in preventing the occurrence of crystallization in the exhaust heat exchanger tubing and/or corrosion resulting from an increase in high temperature regenerator temperatures and to otherwise prevent the production of unavailable refrigerant, save energy in an exhaust heat charge mode of operation, and to insure refrigerating ability even when exhaust water temperatures are low without reducing the effectiveness of the machine. In the described organization, a determination is made of the operative state of the exhaust heat utility system and adjustments are automatically made in supremum limiters for controlling the degree of opening of throttle valves for adjusting the supply of fuel and combustion air to the high quality fuel system that supplies heat to the high temperature regenerator.

Abstract: An absorption cool-water machine including a high quality fuel system and an exhaust heat utility system and apparatus and method for controlling the same is described in which the control has improved effectiveness in preventing the occurrence of crystallization in the exhaust heat exchanger tubing and/or corrosion resulting from an increase in high temperature regenerator temperatures and to otherwise prevent the production of unavailable refrigerant, save energy in an exhaust heat charge mode of operation, and to insure refrigerating ability even when exhaust water temperatures are low without reducing the effectiveness of the machine. In the described organization, a determination is made of the operative state of the exhaust heat utility system and adjustments are automatically made in supremum limiters for controlling the degree of opening of throttle valves for adjusting the supply of fuel and combustion air to the high quality fuel system that supplies heat to the high temperature regenerator.

Abstract: A refrigeration system capable of providing cooling during at least a portion of a repeatable refrigeration cycle, the refrigeration system comprising at least one sorber having a housing forming an enclosure, a sorbent located within the enclosure, an evaporator in fluid communication with the enclosure, a condenser in fluid communication with both the enclosure and the evaporator, wherein a sorbate is evaporated in the evaporator to provide a cooling effect and then adsorbed by the sorbent, an electromagnetic wave generator, a waveguide coupler for coupling electromagnetic waves generated by the generating means to the sorber, wherein during a desorb portion of the refrigeration cycle the sorbate is desorbed from the sorbent by the electromagnetic waves and then condensed in the condenser, wherein the desorption of the sorbate from the sorbent is primarily isothermal, and a controller for controlling the operation of the generator, wherein the generator is selectively activated and deactivated to initiate a

Abstract: An absorption cool-water machine including a high quality fuel system and an exhaust heat utility system and apparatus and method for controlling the same is described in which the control has improved effectiveness in preventing the occurrence of crystallization in the exhaust heat exchanger tubing and/or corrosion resulting from an increase in high temperature regenerator temperatures and to otherwise prevent the production of unavailable refrigerant, save energy in an exhaust heat charge mode of operation, and to insure refrigerating ability even when exhaust water temperatures are low without reducing the effectiveness of the machine. In the described organization, a determination is made of the operative state of the exhaust heat utility system and adjustments are automatically made in supremum limiters for controlling the degree of opening of throttle valves for adjusting the supply of fuel and combustion air to the high quality fuel system that supplies heat to the high temperature regenerator.

Abstract: A crystallization detection and recovery method for a two-stage absorption refrigeration machine is provided. Crystallization in the low temperature heat exchanger is detected through temperature comparisons between certain absorbent solution flows. The recovery sequence includes steps to remove crystallization and to prevent subsequent occurrences.

Abstract: A method for controlling an absorption system, comprising the step of performing slow open control for opening a control valve of a heat-source fluid feeding pipe connected to a regenerator at a predetermined speed and controlling the heat input at the time of start; wherein said control valve is quickly opened up to a predetermined opening degree at the time of start and thereafter, said control valve is opened at said predetermined speed is provided. There is no loss in the starting time by improving an operation delay of a heat-source fluid control valve at the start of operations and it is prevented that the heat-source fluid is excessively supplied to the absorption system itself which has still a low temperature to affect an equipment-side boiler even after the valve fully opens.

Abstract: This invention seeks to provide an adsorption type air cooler, which has high COP and is capable of stable operation for long time. In the prior art, when vapor coolant produced through heat exchange with load water in a coolant tank functioning as an evaporator is adsorbed in an adsorbent heat exchanger, cooling water for removing the heat of adsorption is circulated at a constant temperature and a constant flow rate determined by normal environment.According to the invention as claimed in claim 1, the temperature and flow rate of cooling water for removing the heat of adsorption are controlled artificially according to the cold output of load water by utilizing heated cooling water after the removal of the heat of adsorption or heat source water, etc.According to the invention as claimed in claim 1, a coolant tank and a load heat exchanger unit are provided as separate units.

Abstract: An over-concentration control system for use with an absorption machine of the type having either a single, double and triple effect cooling and heating cycle, which uses lithium bromide in solution with water as the operating liquid. The operating liquid being characterized by a concentration indicative of the quantity of lithium bromide dissolved in water, and by a phase diagram having a crystallization boundary that defines the combinations of concentration and temperature which correspond to a condition of saturation in the solution. A sensing means is provided at a predetermined location within the system which is responsive to the depth of said solution for generating a concentration signal indicative of the concentration of the liquid. A temperature sensor is also provided for generating a temperature signal indicative of the temperature of the liquid.

Abstract: To eliminate great increases in regeneration temperature and pressure and prevent the stoppage of an absorption refrigerating apparatus for safety upon a rise in the temperature of cooling water as well as to prevent crystallization and reduce fuel costs upon a reduction in the temperature of cooling water, the absorption refrigerating apparatus comprises a controller 34 which is constituted such that the opening of a fuel control valve 21 is controlled to a range of 0 to 100% to control the amount of heating in a high-temperature regenerator 1 when the inlet temperature T2 of cooling water is between a variable low-temperature set value and a variable high-temperature set value.

Abstract: In an absorption type refrigerating apparatus which comprises a temperature detector 30 for detecting the outlet temperature of cold water supplied from an evaporator 4 and a controller 31 for carrying out PID control of the amount of combustion of a burner B installed in a high-temperature regenerator 1 by comparing a detection temperature with a set temperature when the detection temperature of the temperature detector is lower than (the set temperature+a predetermined temperature 1), and for controlling the amount of combustion of the burner B to a value larger than the amount of combustion based on PID control when the detection temperature is equal to or higher than (the set temperature+the predetermined temperature 1), the controller which has received a signal from the temperature detector at the time of the start of operation (start-up) is activated to control the amount of combustion of the burner B to a value larger than the amount of combustion based on PID control so as to increase the capacity of

Abstract: A method of controlling an absorption type refrigerating apparatus comprising detecting the temperature of the regenerator, limiting the amount of heating in the regenerator for a first predetermined time after the temperature of the regenerator reaches a predetermined temperature, controlling the amount of heating in the regenerator in accordance with a load when the temperature of the regenerator after the passage of the first predetermined time is lower than the predetermined temperature, abnormally suspending the regenerator by distinguishing a normal rise in the temperature of the regenerator caused by a load fluctuation from a rise in the temperature of the regenerator caused by leakage in the apparatus or the like when the temperature of the regenerator reaches the predetermined temperature within a second predetermined time after the passage of the first predetermined time, thereby avoiding repetitions of operation, suspension or limited operation of the regenerator and suppressing the corrosion of th

Abstract: An absorption cool-water machine including a high quality fuel system and an exhaust heat utility system and apparatus and method for controlling the same is described in which the control has improved effectiveness in preventing the occurrence of crystallization in the exhaust heat exchanger tubing and/or corrosion resulting from an increase in high temperature regenerator temperatures and to otherwise prevent the production of unavailable refrigerant, save energy in an exhaust heat charge mode of operation, and to insure refrigerating ability even when exhaust water temperatures are low without reducing the effectiveness of the machine. In the described organization, a determination is made of the operative state of the exhaust heat utility system and adjustments are automatically made in supremum limiters for controlling the degree of opening of throttle valves for adjusting the supply of fuel and combustion air to the high quality fuel system that supplies heat to the high temperature regenerator.

Abstract: A double effect absorption cold or hot water generating machine comprises an absorber A, a low temperature generator GL, a condenser C, a high temperature heat exchanger XH and a low temperature heat exchanger XL, a bypass circuit 20 having a cool/warm switching valve V.sub.1 for directing refrigerant gas from a high temperature generator GH directly to an evaporator E, and a bypass circuit 21 having a cool/warm switching valve V.sub.2 for directing refrigerant liquid from the evaporator directly to a diluted solution circulating system. A high head pump PH is disposed in the solution path between the absorber and the high temperature generator and a low head pump PL is disposed in the solution path between the absorber and the low temperature generator so that the high and low head pumps are driven during a cooling operation, and the high head pump is driven and the low head pump is stopped during a warming operation.

Abstract: An electronic refrigerant compressing apparatus comprises two or more compressing portions coupled in parallel to one another, which repeats the heating and cooling of the refrigerant circulating the refrigerant cycle at an interval of a predetermined time. Each of the compressing portions is provided with the cylindrical body having the refrigerant charged therein, the refrigerant pipe coiled around its body, the refrigerant heating load mounted in close to the refrigerant pipe for increasing the pressure of the refrigerant, the solenoid valve mounted at the inlet and outlet if the refrigerant, which is opened/closed according to the control of the microcomputer and means for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant, in which one side of the body and the refrigerant pipe is connected through the solenoid valve and the refrigerant outlet to the condenser as part of the refrigerant cycle, and the other side is connected through the check valve to the evaporator.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration unit adapted to attain energy-saving by suppressing a surplus refrigerating capacity at the time of a normal operation during which the cooling water temperature is low, improve the response by ensuring adequate heating at the time of start-up operation at which the cooling water temperature is low, and avoid a pressure rise in a generator when the cooling water temperature is high or abnormality occurs. Fundamentally the amount of heat applied by a burner 31a is controlled according to the cooled water outlet temperature Tm, while the maximum permissible temperature for a high temperature generator 3 is determined according to the cooled water inlet temperature. When the temperature Tgh in the high temperature generator 3 exceeds the maximum permissible temperature determined by the cooled water inlet temperature, the amount of heat applied is reduced. During the normal operation in which the cooling water temperature is low, the amount of heat applied is reduced.

Abstract: A process for controlling an absorbent-refrigerant solution concentration in an absorption cooling system to prevent crystallization of the solution in which the crystallization temperature of the absorbent-refrigerant solution is calculated and the temperature of an absorbent-enriched solution, or strong solution, from the absorption unit heat exchanger is measured. Based upon the crystallization temperature and the measured absorbent-enriched solution temperature, the concentration of the absorbent is calculated using an iteration algorithm. Based upon the calculated concentration of absorbent in the absorbent-enriched solution, the concentration of the absorbent-enriched solution is adjusted by adjusting the heat input to the absorption system generator to prevent crystallization of the absorbent.

Abstract: A control system for absorption chillers which comprises a device for measuring operating state data concerning components of the main assembly of the chiller and including the liquid level of a high temperature generator and the degree of opening of a gas valve, and a fuzzy control circuit for calculating the deviation of the liquid level from a target value based on the measured operating state data, predicting a variation in the liquid level from the deviation and another item of the operating state data and calculating a control input as to the inverter frequency of an absorbent pump based on the result of prediction, whereby even when a great disturbance occurs, the liquid level of the generator can be controlled with high responsiveness to minimize the variation of the liquid level.

Abstract: A temperature t.sub.hg of a solution 23a heated and concentrated in a generator 5, an outlet temperature t.sub.r of chilled water 21a flowed from an evaporator 1, and an outlet temperature t.sub.r of a flow of cooling water 22 fed from an absorber 2 to a condenser 4 are detected. A maximum allowable heating quantity Q* of generator 5 is calculated by means of a temperature t.sub.hg, t.sub.r and t.sub.c. A present heating quantity Q of generator 5 is controlled so as not to exceed a calculated maximum allowable heating quantity Q*. It is possible to prevent a heating quantity of the generator 5 from being excessively restricted and to prevent solution 23a from crystallizing at an outlet 6a of the heat exchanger 6. Further, loss of heat which occurs owing to returning generated refrigerant 24 to the concentrated solution 23a is obviated.

Abstract: A control system for an absorption heat transfer plant controls the quantity of heat input into the plant's concentrator in response to the plant's evaporator liquid refrigerant temperature. The control system also controls the temperature of the cooling fluid for the plant's absorber and condenser.

Abstract: A dual-adsorber cooling system for an automobile has a pair of adsorbers, a cooling vessel, a pair of absorbate outgoing passages extending from the cooling vessel to each of the adsorbers individually, a common adsorbate return passage, a condenser, and a condensation passage. A bypass passage enables the two adsorbers to directly communicate each other to exchange heat. The adsorbers are opposingly disposed with an intervening plenum therebetween. The engine exhaust gas is introduced to the central plenum, and the external air is guided to the central plenum through the adsorbing adsorber so that a blend of the exhaust gas and the air is directed to the desorbing adsorber in the plenum, whereby the adsorbing adsorber is cooled and the desorbing adsorber is heated up. The amount of the external air taken can be controlled according to the amount of the exhaust gas. A process switchover controller can adjust the process cycle period according to the temperature of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A control system for an absorption heat transfer plant controls the quantity of heat input into the plant's concentrator in response to the plant's evaporator liquid refrigerant temperature. The control system also controls the temperature of the cooling fluid for the plant's absorber and condenser.

Abstract: An unit-type air conditioning system is provided to enable low-load operation of an absorption chiller heater, to thereby improve the load responsiveness, and to use such a chiller heater as an outdoor unit. A plurality of burners are provided in a high temperature generator of the absorption chiller heater, thereby enabling the low-load operation. A refrigerant return valve is provided so as to speed up the stop operation. Flow rates of pumps are controlled in accordance with detected values of temperatures in the chiller heater and a load change, thus improving the load responsiveness. Further, in the air conditioning system with this chiller heater serving as an outdoor unit, required operation prediction is performed on the basis of outer signals from load units and the like, and prediction control according to its result is conducted, further improving the load responsiveness.

Abstract: An individual air conditioning system with an absorption chiller heater having a controllable capacity, with thermal input to a burner of a high temperature regenerator being controlled by on-off control or the like even if the load is low. The temperature of cooling water is controlled in accordance with a concentration of refrigerant in an absorber, so that the refrigerating capacity of the absorption chiller heater can be freely varied from 0% to 100% without the refrigerant being frozen.

Abstract: In a box-shaped main body of a nearly rectangular parallelepiped shaped shell, an absorber, an evaporator, a low temperature regenerator, and a condenser are disposed sequentially in the vertical direction from the bottom, and a refrigerant sump of nearly V or U shape is disposed between the evaporator and absorber. Furthermore, an eliminator is disposed in an oblique direction at the side of the evaporator, and a purging enclosing member is disposed in the absorber, and a flush chamber of double structure is installed between the evaporator and refrigerant sump. This slim low temperature shell, and high temperature regenerator and others are formed into one body forming an element or module, and a plurality of elements are disposed parallel in the lateral direction, or disposed in the lateral direction and stacked up in the vertical direction, thereby forming a large-sized absorption chiller/absorption chiller-heater.

Abstract: There is disclosed a temperature control system for an absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising an evaporator, an absorber, a condenser, a regenerator, a solution heat exchanger, a solution pump, a cooling medium pump, and piping operatively connecting these parts together. Where absorption refrigerating machines are arranged in two or more stages with respect to the flow of cold water to be circulated at a load side, the machine of each stage has a cold water outlet temperature detector, and a temperature controller for controlling the amount of heat of a machine-driving heated fluid in accordance with the cold water outlet temperature of each stage. A control circuit is so arranged that the temperature controller of the first stage, or the temperature controllers of the intermediate stages except for the temperature controller of the final stage are controlled by a proportional control whereas the temperature controller of the final stage is controlled by a PID control.

Abstract: A control device for an absorption refrigerator which forms a refrigeration cycle by connecting an evaporator, an absorption unit, a generator, a condenser and the like to control a heating amount of the generator. Singular or plural amounts of change representative of externasl conditions are detected. A heating amount of the generator is controlled by a fuzzy logic calculation.

Abstract: A control system for an absorption refrigerator comprising an evaporator, absorber, generator and condenser for providing a refrigeration cycle. At least one fuzzy rule includes two antecedent input variables and two membership functions for the two input variables. When consequent membership functions of the rules are arranged in a matrix in corresponding relation to the two antecedent membership functions, the consequent membership functions are defined in every other row and every other column of the matrix in a region where at least the two input variables take a positive or negative great value.

Abstract: Apparatus for controlling the temperature of a sample in a thermal analysis system according to a temperature-control program in order to facilitate the production of rising and falling temperatures. The apparatus includes a first heater, a thermally insulating container having an opening and containing a mass of liquified coolant, a coolant vapor flow pipe, a sample chamber for containing the sample, a second heater, a sample chamber temperature detector, a temperature-control program setting circuit, a first power supply regulator and a second power supply regulator.

Abstract: The invention refers to an arrangement at a refrigerator cabinet (10) having an absorption refrigerating apparatus (16,18) operated by a heating cartridge (40) from at least one electric current source or by a gas burner (38). The arrangement shows a control apparatus (74) which automatically starts the gas burner (38) when the supply of current to the heating cartridge (40) ceases. The refrigerating apparatus (18) is with exception of its evaporator (16) enclosed in a heat insulated chamber (20) through which surrounding air circulates for cooling of the refrigerating apparatus (18).

Abstract: In an absorption system hot and cold water supply apparatus for simultaneously supplying hot water and cold water, there is provided a refrigerant blow device for blowing a refrigerant into a refrigerant circulation path, thermo-capacity control device for carring out heating control of a generator by a cold water temperature or a hot water temperature or a combination control of the heating control and a control of a refrigerant flow rate from the generator to and condenser, and control device for controlling the operation of the refrigerant blow device by a cold water exit temperature of an evaporator.

Abstract: A method for the automatic control of absorption refrigeration plant or a heat pump, by control of the supply of refrigerant to the evaporator of the plant as dependent on the temperature and the pressure of the vapor issuing from the evaporator in such a way that there is a slight degree of overheating of the vapor. At the same time the boiler power is varied in accordance with the temperature of the refrigerant vapor emerging from the boiler. The cooling for the expelled refrigerant vapor is provided by the rich solution from an absorber in a dephlegmatizer having two stages and the solution cooling circuit includes an intermediate cooler for enhancing the rectifying process when marginal conditions are unfavorable.

Abstract: Improvements in heating and cooling systems which are steam powered, the (winter) heating system utilizing a steam/liquid heat exchanger and the (summer) cooling system utilizing a steam powered absorption machine; methods of and apparatus for substantially improving a steam powered heating system conventionally having a boiler, a heat source for the boiler, a steam/liquid heat exchanger, a steam trap for the heat exchanger, a condensate tank with a vent line to atmosphere and work to be heated; methods of and apparatus for substantially improving a steam powered cooling system conventionally having a boiler, a heat source for said boiler an absorption machine having a generator section and an absorption section, a steam trap for the generator section of the absorption machine, a condensate tank with a vent line to atmosphere and work to be heated; methods of and apparatus for markedly increasing energy efficiency and efficient functional capacity in the heating and/or cooling systems in question.

Abstract: A safety arrangement in a gas-operated apparatus, such as an absorption refrigerator, having a safety device that controls the gas system and, when required, automatically re-ignites the flame of the gas burner that has become extinguished. The system has a thermostat that is connected to a switch for opening a gas valve when it is necessary to supply gas to the burner. A filament or igniter is also provided which is arranged adjacent to the burner and has a switch which breaks the circuit to the gas valve when a sensor or flame detector at the burner is exposed to a flame.

Abstract: A system for controlling a sorption heat pump. Fuel is fed to a burner via a feed line and a fuel valve. The burner heats a generator containing a heat transfer fluid such as a mixture of water and ammonia and generates pressure inside the generator. The vapors produced by the heating are condensed in a condenser. The condensed heat transfer fluid vapors are throttled and passed into an evaporator. The output fluid from the evaporator is returned via an absorber to the generator. Heat is exchanged between the fluid and a circulating medium for a thermal use provision in the condenser and in the absorber. An intensive thermodynamic parameter such as pressure or temperature of the fluid in the pressurized section of the sorption heat pump is controlled depending on the heat requirements of the thermal use provision and/or the thermal input from the environment into the evaporator. The generator and condenser can be constructed as a joint unit preferably with an intermediate rectifying column.

Abstract: An absorption type chiller/heater unit is actuated to generate cold water for air cooling and hot water for heating and/or hot water supply by utilizing, as a heating source, the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine and the cooling water heated in and delivered from the water jacket. When generating the hot water for heating and/or hot water supply, the temperature of the engine cooling water delivered from the heat exchanger for heating and hot water supply is raised by a water heater to an appropriate level for the cooling of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention pertains to improvements brought to a heating facility which includes an associated absorbing heat pump cycle.The facility is designed for direct thermosiphon heating of the absorption solution to be regenerated upon contact with a panelling (15) which surrounds the combustion chamber (9). The separation of the solution to be regenerated is performed inside a separation column (14) which is connected to a dephlegmator (16) which improves the yield of the separation, the yield of the absorbing cycle and the recovery yield of heat supplied by the burner. Furthermore a heat exchanger (8) enables the operation of the facility with a de-activation of the absorbing cycle. The invention applies especially to central heating and to the heating of hygienic water.

Abstract: An absorption heat pump system having a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber connected hermetically to form closed cycles for a refrigerant and an absorbent, comprising a control means disposed in the refrigerant passage leading from said condenser to said evaporator and adapted to continuously controlling the temperature or flow rate of the liquid refrigerant, thereby to stabilize the temperature in said evaporator.

Abstract: An absorption cold and warm water system utilizing solar heat in which heat source water obtained by heating water by the solar heat and a main heating source are used is selectively made to function as a warm water system, a first heat pump and a second heat pump in accordance with temperature conditions associated with the heat source water.

Abstract: An absorption cold and warm water system utilizing solar heat includes a low temperature heat generator using as a heating source low temperature warm water obtained by heating water by the solar heat, a high temperature generator using an ancillary heat source as a heating source when the system runs short of the solar heat, and a low temperature generator. The cold and warm water system is provided with an operation device operative, when the cold and warm water system is in condition in which refrigerating and heating outputs can be provided by using the low temperature warm water, to allow the low temperature warm water to be continuously fed to the cold and warm water system and to control the volume of a solution and a refrigerant in circulation in accordance with temperatures of the cold and warm water, to thereby store the solar heat in the cold and warm water system.

Abstract: A control device for an absorption system interrupts a pneumatic signal controlling the demand for chilled water by utilizing a single port direct acting controller to which is fed a chilled water return temperature signal. The single port direct acting controller provides a continuous signal to control the heating source utilized in providing the chilled water as a real time function of the temperature of the chilled water returning from an associated cooled building, as well as the internal controls of the absorption system. Thus, the control device provides an optimal decision value, factoring all dynamic operating variations which affect chilled water return temperature, for the control of the heating source utilized in providing chilled water, thereby reducing the fuel consumption of the absorption refrigeration system. Alternatively, a dual port direct acting controller is added, to which are fed an outdoor air humidity signal and an outdoor air temperature signal.

Abstract: An absorption refrigerator having a generator selectively heated by an electrically operated resistance heater or a flammable gas operated burner. In the gas mode of operation, a monitor electrode positioned above the gas burner automatically senses the absence of the burner flame and commences a restart sequence to reignite the burner. If reignition fails or the burner cannot be ignited within a predetermined time, further ignition attempts are inhibited and an indicator lamp on the front of the refrigerator enclosure above the freezer door provides a visual indication that cooling is not being supplied to the refrigerator. Different colored visual indicators are also provided to show that the refrigerator is being operated by gas or electricity. In another embodiment, the refrigerator may be selectively operated from alternating current, direct current or flammable gas, with colored indicator lamps showing the type of power source used.

Abstract: A heat pump for heating and/or refrigeration comprises a combination of a working fluid circuit including a steam ejector or a heat operated piston heat pump device and absorption heat pump section. The first circuit is energized with relatively high-grade, input heat and produces lower-grade output heat. The output heat energizes the absorption heat pump section. The combination provides for efficient use of the available energy (exergy) of the input heat.

Abstract: The efficiency of an absorption heat pump system is improved by conducting liquid from a second stage evaporator thereof to an auxiliary heat exchanger positioned downstream of a primary heat exchanger in the desorber of the system.

Abstract: In an absorption type cold and warm water system, a solution pump and a refrigerant pump are operated when a heat source serving as a drive source of the absorption type cold and warm water system is rendered inoperative as a result of the temperature of cold water and warm water produced by the system reaching an OFF value set beforehand for the heat source. This enables refrigerating and heating abilities stored in the cold and warm water system to be effectively utilized.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration and heat pump system in which a higher temperature subsystem and a lower temperature subsystem are combined with the desorber means of the higher temperature subsystem in heat exchange relationship with the condenser means of the lower temperature subsystem, and in which the evaporators of each subsystems are in heat exchange relationship with either the load in one mode of operation or the heat sink in another mode of operation, and the absorbers and condenser of the lower temperature subsystem are in heat exchange relationship with the heat sink in the first mode of operation and with the load in the other mode of operation. Means are provided to balance the system including a condensate pump between the higher temperature condenser and the higher temperature desorber. Alternate means are provided to improve lower temperature heat pumping by restricting the refrigerant flow through one of the expansion valves and diverting it to the solution pump.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of a refrigerator of a type having a capacity control mechanism adapted to control the capacity of the refrigerator in such a manner as to make the temperature of the cold water supplied to an air conditioner coincide with a predetermined set temperature of cold water. The apparatus is adapted to vary the set temperature of the cold water in accordance with the level of the load imposed on the air conditioner, and to determine the difference of the new set temperature of the cold water with the actually measured temperature of the cold water. The apparatus effects the control of the capacity control mechanism of the refrigerator such that the above-mentioned difference of the temperature is nullified. In consequence, the efficiency of the refrigerator during partial-load operation is remarkably improved.

Abstract: In a refrigerator cabinet operated with an absorption refrigerating apparatus having an evaporator for cooling a refrigerating chamber and an evaporator for cooling a freezing chamber. The refrigerator condensate is supplied to the freezing evaporator and partly evaporated, while the residue flows by gravity into the refrigerating evaporator. At very low ambient temperature the freezing evaporator receives too little refrigerant, or else the refrigerating evaporator too much. This situation is avoided in that an evaporator part for cooling of the freezing chamber is supplied with refrigerant condensate at short intervals during periods when the thermostat for the refrigerating chamber is in an off position.

Abstract: A hybrid double absorption air cooling system employing a liquid desiccant solution and capable of operating at low heat source temperature between 55.degree. C. and 80.degree. C. is provided. In one embodiment the system which utilizes low-grade thermal energy, includes an open absorber employing a liquid desiccant solution for absorbing moisture from air passing therethrough, a cooling coil adapted for cooling air passing through the open absorber, and a vapor-absorption refrigeration system which employs the liquid desiccant solution as an evaporable refrigerant and is adapted for cooling and circulating a working fluid, such as water, through the cooling coil and for circulating the desiccant solution through the open absorber. In an alternate embodiment, an open evaporator is adapted for providing cooling water to the open absorber.

Abstract: A single-pipe boiler construction in an absorption refrigerating apparatus which operates with inert gas, an absorption solution that is rich in refrigerant. The latter is lifted in a central pump pipe in which vapor is expelled and the weak solution thus formed flows downwardly in an outer pipe. At least one heat source is arranged in heat-conductive contact with the outside of the outer pipe and heat from the heat source is conducted through the weak solution in the outer pipe to the pump pipe and its contents. Heat is supplied directly by conduction to the outer pipe and a direct heat-conductive connection is arranged between the outer pipe and the pump pipe.

Abstract: Solar powered refrigeration apparatus is disclosed in which an absorption refrigeration system is operated directly by solar energy. One end of a heat pipe is thermally connected to the boiler of the absorption refrigeration system, and a solar collector is thermally coupled to the other remote end of the heat pipe. The heat pipe is a sealed, evacuated metal tube partially filled with water. The solar collector is a double walled glass vacuum tube with a central axial opening for accommodating the remote end of the heat pipe. Heat energy collected by the solar collector boils the water in the heat pipe to subsequently condense in the area of the boiler thus transferring heat energy along the heat pipe to the boiler. The heat pipe is installed sloping downwardly away from the boiler to permit the return of condensate down the pipe to the solar collector area thus permitting continuous operation.