Abstract: The refrigerant management system has a service port connection, refrigerant treatment elements and a wet circuit connecting the service port connection to the refrigerant treatment elements. The refrigerant treatment elements are comprised of a refrigerant filter, a compressor, a condenser coil and a tank. The tank has tank head manifolds mounted thereto. The filter, the compressor and the condenser coil being mounted to the tank and connected to the tank head manifolds by respective pairs of tubing. The wet circuit being partially incorporated inside the tank head manifolds and inside the tank between the tank head manifolds. The first tank head manifold connects the service port connection to the refrigerant filter. The second tank head manifold connects the compressor to the condenser coil and to the tank. Conduits inside the tank extending between the first and second tank head manifolds connect the refrigerant filter to the compressor.

Abstract: System and method for monitoring and detecting potential problems early in a VCC based HVAC&R system employs a monitoring application or agent that uses continuous machine learning and a temperature map to derive or “learn” a relation between a measured input power parameter of one or more system compressors, and condenser and evaporator intake fluid temperatures, based on observations of the temperatures and the input power parameter when the HVAC&R system is new or in a “newly maintained” condition. The monitoring agent can then use the learned relation to determine, based on subsequent observations of the condenser and evaporator intake fluid temperatures, the input power parameter values that should be expected if the HVAC&R system were operating in the “newly maintained” condition. The agent can thereafter compare the expected compressor input power parameter values with observed input power parameter values to determine early whether the system is experiencing performance degradation.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus having a housing, at least one internal sensor, an electronic control unit, at least one radio module, an operating device and an information carrier. The measuring apparatus is configured to be connected to external sensors by cable and/or wirelessly, the electronic control unit is configured to convert measurement signals from internal and external sensors into digital measurement data and to provide the digital measurement data to the information carrier. The information carrier is configured to provide and display as priority, in the case of simultaneous availability of wired or wireless sensors, either the data of the wired sensors or the data of the wireless sensors. A system for performing measurement tasks and managing measurement data, and methods for starting up and/or maintaining an air conditioning system are also provided, as well as methods for starting up and/or maintaining a system.

Abstract: A method for estimating refrigerant charge for an HVACR system is provided. The method includes obtaining one or more system parameters during operation. The one or more system parameters include at least one of compressor suction superheat, system mass flow, expansion device mass flow or opening degree, compressor suction saturated temperature, and compressor discharge saturated temperature. The method also includes conducting a regression analysis on the one or more system parameters to determine one or more predictive parameters for estimating the refrigerant charge. The method further includes determining a predictive model based on regression analysis. The predictive model establishes a relationship between the refrigerant charge and the one or more predictive parameters. Also the method includes estimating the refrigerant charge based on the predictive model.

Abstract: An air-conditioning management system includes: an air conditioning apparatus configured to carry out a refrigerant recovery operation of recovering a refrigerant from a refrigerant circuit that connects an outdoor unit and an indoor unit and sending the recovered refrigerant to each recovery unit of the outdoor unit; and a control unit configured to make a determination whether all the recovered refrigerant is sendable to each recovery unit before a start of the refrigerant recovery operation by the air conditioning apparatus, and to output, when determining that all the recovered refrigerant is not sendable to each recovery unit, a command for notifying the determination.

Abstract: A system for indicating on an electronic device that the refrigerant being introduced by a user to an air conditioning system has reached its optimum fill level includes a sensor device having a main body, the sensor device being structured and disposed for measuring a range of data; a wireless transmitter on the sensor device, the wireless transmitter being in communication with the electronic device for wirelessly transmitting the range of data to the electronic device; an electronic application configured for use with the electronic device; and wherein the electronic application is structured and disposed for visually indicating to the user via the electronic device the transmitted range of data in real time and audibly indicating to the user via the electronic device when the transmitted range of data reaches a predetermined value.

Abstract: A water-based refrigerant for a thermal working machine. The refrigerant for a thermal working machine (150) having an evaporator (A), a condenser (B), a compressor (CGL), and a throttle element (D). The refrigerant is based on water and comprises a refrigerant component with a hydroxyl group, for example in the form of ethanol. The use of such a mixture as a refrigerant for a thermal working machine and for a thermal working machine having such a refrigerant, and to a method for operating a thermal working machine having such a refrigerant is also disclosed.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a compressor connected to a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. An expansion device is connected between the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. A ratio of a volume of the first heat exchanger to a volume of the second heat exchanger is between 0.6 and 1.8.

Abstract: An air conditioning system includes an air conditioning device, a detector, and an alarm. The air conditioning device has a control unit and conditions air in an indoor space. The detector detects the concentration of refrigerant in the indoor space. The alarm notifies of refrigerant leakage in the indoor space. The detector or the alarm transmits information indicating whether or not the detector and the alarm are connected to each other in a wired or wireless manner, to the control unit. The control unit inhibits operation of the air conditioning device when the information indicates that the detector and the alarm are not connected to each other in the wired or wireless manner.

Abstract: A method of operating an HVAC system includes compressing a working fluid using a compressor, removing heat from the working fluid using a condenser, removing pressure from the working fluid using an expansion valve, and transferring heat between airflow contacting an outer surface of one or more coils in an evaporator and the working fluid passing through the one or more coils. The method further includes detecting a leak of the working fluid using a leak detection sensor. The method further includes transporting at least a portion of the working fluid to a storage container and storing the working fluid in the storage container.

Abstract: The present application relates to techniques for operating a refrigerant climate control system in one of a plurality of operating modes. In an example process, sensor data is received. The sensor data may correspond to a current state of a refrigerant in a receiver of the refrigerant climate control system. The process may also include receiving an energy control signal requesting operation of the refrigerant climate control system. The process may also include determining an operating mode of the refrigerant climate control system based on a signal type of the energy control signal and the current state of the refrigerant in the receiver. The process may also include instructing the refrigerant climate control system to operate in the determined operating mode.

Abstract: A refrigerant leakage detection system includes a first controller, and a second controller. The first controller uses a first method to determine the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant circuit. The second controller uses a second method different from the first method to determine the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant circuit. The refrigerant leakage detection system determines the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant circuit on the basis of the determination result of the first controller and the determination result of the second controller. The refrigerant leakage detection system determines that there is a refrigerant leakage in the refrigerant circuit if the first controller determines that there is a refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant circuit and the second controller determines that there is a refrigerant leakage from the refrigerant circuit.

Abstract: Efficiency in refrigerant charging work is addressed when a recovered refrigerant recovered from a first heat source unit is to be charged to a second heat source unit. A refrigerant charging method is a charging method used when a first heat source unit of an already installed refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a refrigeration cycle is to be performed by a refrigerant that circulates is to be replaced with a second heat source unit. The refrigerant charging method includes recovering a first refrigerant from an already installed refrigeration cycle apparatus and obtaining a recovered refrigerant and charging the recovered refrigerant and charging a second refrigerant whose composition differs from the composition of the recovered refrigerant to the refrigeration cycle apparatus after renewal that includes the second heat source unit.

Abstract: The discussion relates to cooling computing devices and specifically to managing two-phase cooling. One example can include a two-phase liquid immersion tank containing heat generating components and a liquid phase of a coolant having a boiling point within an operating temperature range of the heat generating components. The example can also include a stratification chamber fluidly coupled to the liquid immersion tank and configured to at least partially separate a gas phase of the coolant from other gases. The example can further include a condenser chamber fluidly coupled to the stratification chamber and configured to receive the gas phase of the coolant and cause the gas phase of the coolant to phase change back into the liquid phase of the coolant.

Abstract: A quick-fill apparatus for use with a valve assembly, and related methods of filling a pressure vessel, are disclosed. A valve assembly may be affixed to a pressure vessel, and may include a receptacle, a fill valve and an overfill valve. Preferred examples of the apparatus comprise a body, a valve trigger pin, a vent trigger pin and a handle. A valve engagement end of the body may be releasably securable within the receptacle. At that point, moving the handle to the on position causes the valve trigger pin to force the fill valve to an open configuration, and causes the vent trigger pin to force the overfill valve to a fluid venting configuration. A rigid fill tube may be in fluid supplying communication with a fuel supply port of the body. The fill tube and the handle may be elongated and extend in a shared direction.

Abstract: A recycle information management system includes a communication device and a management device. The communication device transmits recycle information acquired from a recycle system via a network. The recycle system includes at least a recycling device that removes at least oil from the collected refrigerant to recycle the refrigerant. The management device includes a storage unit that stores the recycle information in association with a recycle system ID usable to identify the recycle system.

Abstract: Air conditioner units and methods of operating the same are provided. A method of operating an air conditioner unit includes measuring an ambient temperature and estimating a setpoint temperature of the air conditioner unit. The method also includes inputting the measured ambient temperature and the estimated setpoint temperature into a closed-loop control algorithm. The method further includes setting a compressor speed of the variable speed compressor based on the output of the closed-loop control algorithm. An air conditioner unit may include a controller, and the controller may be configured for performing the method.

Abstract: A HVACR protection system can include a pressure sensor to sense pressure within a refrigerant line coupled to a compressor; a timer; and a protection system controller. A compressor controller in communication with the protection system controller can control operation of the compressor and disable the compressor until successful completion of a vacuum test of the refrigerant line. The vacuum test can initiate upon the pressure sensor sensing the pressure being less than or equal to a vacuum test pressure, at which point the timer begins timing for a vacuum test time period. The vacuum test is successfully completed upon expiration of the vacuum test time period with the pressure remaining less than or equal to the vacuum test pressure for the vacuum test time period. The protection system controller can enable the compressor controller to operate the compressor upon successful completion of the vacuum test.

Abstract: A heat pump system control method for a vehicle includes a process (A) of operating a compressor of an air conditioner to cool or heat an interior of the vehicle while the vehicle is driving, measuring by a controller initial states of the compressor and a refrigerant based on data detected from a data detector, and monitoring the compressor, a process (B) of determining by the controller whether a current coil temperature of a motor unit provided in the compressor is higher than a coil specification temperature through the process (A) and operating a protection mode; and a process (C) of, when the process (B) is completed, calculating by the controller a slope of a coil temperature of the motor unit over time, determining whether the temperature slope is greater than zero (0) three times consecutively to stop the operation of the compressor, and terminating control.

Abstract: A method for purging air from a cooling system including operating one or more pumps at a selected speed for a first time interval, waiting a second time interval with the one or more pumps off or at a reduced speed relative to the selected speed, and repeating the steps of operating and waiting multiple times.

Abstract: A multi-air conditioner for heating/cooling operation may include: at least one indoor unit which is installed in a room, and includes an indoor heat exchanger; an outdoor unit which is connected to the indoor unit through a refrigerant pipe, and includes an outdoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an outdoor expansion valve, and a four-way valve; at least one leakage blocking valve which is formed on the refrigerant pipe, and blocks a refrigerant flow in the refrigerant pipe when a refrigerant leak occurs from the refrigerant pipe in the room; and a buffer unit which is installed on the refrigerant pipe between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit, and collects refrigerant leaking from the refrigerant pipe. Accordingly, when the refrigerant leaks into the room, it is possible to minimize the amount of the leaking refrigerant by collecting the refrigerant in the buffer tank.

Abstract: An additional-filling-amount management system includes a mass correlation data obtaining unit, an additional-filling-amount determination unit, and a storage unit. The mass correlation data obtaining unit obtains mass correlation data correlating with a mass of a refrigerant container from which refrigerant is supplied to a refrigeration cycle apparatus that is additionally filled with refrigerant. The additional-filling-amount determination unit determines an additional filling amount based on the mass correlation data, the additional filling amount being an amount of refrigerant, from the refrigerant container, with which the refrigeration cycle apparatus has been additionally filled.

Abstract: A temperature control medium processing apparatus configured to collect a temperature control medium from a module using the temperature control medium or refill the module with the temperature control medium includes a tank configured to store the temperature control medium therein; a first inlet path which is connected to a first inlet opening of the tank, and through which the temperature control medium is introduced; an inlet connector configured to connect the first inlet path and a path from the module; an outlet path which is connected to an outlet opening of the tank, and through which the temperature control medium is flown out; an outlet connector configured to connect the outlet path and a path to the module; and a pump provided at the outlet path, and configured to force the temperature control medium stored in the tank to be flown out.

Abstract: A coil assembly is provided, comprising: a direct expansion (DX) coil circulating refrigerant and cooling supply air passing over the DX coil by heat exchange to generate dehumidified air; a reheat coil circulating the refrigerant and heating the dehumidified air by heat exchange to generate output air; a first horizontal drain pan below the DX and reheat coils in a first horizontal position; a second horizontal drain pan below the DX and reheat coils in a second horizontal position; a first vertical drain pan below the DX and reheat coils in a vertical position, wherein the first and second horizontal drain pans are connected to the first vertical drain pan, the reheat coil is secured between the first and second horizontal drain pans, and the first horizontal drain pan is on an opposite side of the DX coil and the reheat coil from the second horizontal drain pan.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes an integrated open-circuit refrigeration system and closed-circuit heat pump system. The thermal management system includes a receiver having a first receiver port and a second receiver port, the receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, an evaporator having a first evaporator port and a second evaporator port, the heat pump circuit having a closed-circuit fluid path with the receiver and the evaporator and an open-circuit refrigeration system configured to receive refrigerant from the receiver, with the open-circuit refrigeration system having an open-circuit fluid path that includes the receiver and the evaporator.

Abstract: A method of regulating pressure in a thermal transport bus of a gas turbine engine, the method including: operating the gas turbine engine with the thermal transport bus having an intermediary heat exchange fluid flowing therethrough, the thermal transport bus including one or more heat source heat exchangers and one or more heat sink heat exchangers in thermal communication through the intermediary heat exchanger fluid; and adjusting a flow volume of the thermal transport bus using a variable volume device in fluid communication with the thermal transport bus in response to a pressure change associated with the thermal transport bus.

Abstract: A refrigerant-amount determination kit includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor is mounted at least temporarily on at least one of a portion of a refrigeration cycle apparatus and the periphery of the refrigeration cycle apparatus. The refrigeration cycle apparatus is an apparatus having a refrigerant circuit that includes a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator. The processor determines the amount of a refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit based on a detection result detected by the sensor during operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.

Abstract: A control system includes a refrigerant recovery module and at least one of a valve control module and a compressor control module. The refrigerant recovery module is configured to generate a refrigerant recovery signal to initiate a recovery of refrigerant from a first heat exchanger of a thermal system for an electric vehicle, and to stop the refrigerant recovery based on a temperature of refrigerant circulating through the first heat exchanger. The valve control module is configured to open a first valve to allow refrigerant to flow through the first heat exchanger in response to the refrigerant recovery signal. The compressor control module is configured to increase a speed of a compressor disposed upstream from the first heat exchanger in response to the refrigerant recovery signal.

Abstract: A compliant containment device for use in a hydronic system, the compliant containment device including a vessel including an inlet and an outlet, and valve operably coupled to at least one of the inlet and outlet, wherein the valve is configured to operate between an open and closed position based in part on a temperature.

Abstract: Thermal management systems are described. These systems include a refrigerant receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, an evaporator, a closed-circuit refrigeration system having a closed fluid circuit path, with the refrigerant receiver and evaporator disposed in the closed fluid circuit path, and the closed fluid circuit path including a condenser and compressor. These systems also include a modulation capacity control circuit configured to selectively divert refrigerant vapor flow to the condenser from the compressor by diverting a portion of refrigerant vapor flow (diverted flow) from the compressor to the refrigerant receiver in accordance with cooling capacity demand.

Abstract: A system for charging an outdoor unit with refrigerant includes a sensor configured to measure a refrigerant concentration and a user device configured to receive the measured refrigerant concentration. The system includes that the user device is configured to, in response to the measured refrigerant concentration exceeding a threshold, generate and display an alert on a user interface of the user device indicating the measured refrigerant concentration exceeds the threshold.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes a refrigerant receiver having a refrigerant receiver outlet and a refrigerant receiver inlet, with the refrigerant receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, an ejector having a primary flow inlet coupled to receive the refrigerant fluid from the receiver, a secondary flow inlet and an outlet.

Abstract: A heat cycle system is a heat cycle system (1) using a working medium containing hydrofluoroolefin (HFO) that has a double bond in a molecule structure, the heat cycle system (1) having a compressor (10), a high-pressure side heat exchanger (12), a low-pressure side heat exchanger (14), an expansion mechanism (13), and an acid detection means (40) which is disposed in a discharge pipe (21) connecting the compressor (10) and the high-pressure side heat exchanger (12) and which detects acid generated by decomposition of the working medium in a heat cycle.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioner including a connection pipe connected to a refrigerant pipe disposed inside an outdoor heat exchanger that operates as a condenser during a cooling operation and as an evaporator during a heating operation, a header connected to the connection pipe, wherein a refrigerant separated from a two-phase refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe flows through the header, a bypass pipe connected to the header to guide a flow of the refrigerant to a compressor, a flow rate control valve installed at the bypass pipe to control a flow velocity of the refrigerant, a subcooler configured to superheat the refrigerant flowing through the bypass pipe, and a controller configured to control an opening degree of the flow rate control valve.

Abstract: A method for estimating refrigerant charge for an HVACR system is provided. The method includes obtaining one or more system parameters during operation. The one or more system parameters include at least one of compressor suction superheat, system mass flow, expansion device mass flow or opening degree, compressor suction saturated temperature, and compressor discharge saturated temperature. The method also includes conducting a regression analysis on the one or more system parameters to determine one or more predictive parameters for estimating the refrigerant charge. The method further includes determining a predictive model based on regression analysis. The predictive model establishes a relationship between the refrigerant charge and the one or more predictive parameters. Also the method includes estimating the refrigerant charge based on the predictive model.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a vapor compression system that includes a refrigerant loop, a compressor disposed along the refrigerant loop and configured to circulate refrigerant through the refrigerant loop, a condenser disposed downstream of the compressor along the refrigerant loop and configured to condense vapor refrigerant to liquid refrigerant, a subcooler coupled to the condenser, where the subcooler is external of a shell of the condenser, and where the subcooler is configured to receive the liquid refrigerant from the condenser and to cool the liquid refrigerant to subcooled refrigerant, and an evaporator disposed downstream of the subcooler along the refrigerant loop and configured to evaporate the subcooled refrigerant to the vapor refrigerant.

Abstract: An outdoor unit of an air conditioner having an expansion valve unit. The outdoor unit of the air conditioner includes a compressor, a heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between outdoor air and refrigerant compressed by the compressor, an expansion valve unit configured to decompress the refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger, a refrigerant pipe configured to deliver the refrigerant, which is decompressed and expanded by the expansion valve unit, to the indoor unit of the air conditioner, and a bracket configured to support the expansion valve unit. The expansion valve unit includes an expansion valve, a first connection portion configured to connect the expansion valve to the heat exchanger, and a second connection portion configured to connect the expansion valve to the refrigerant pipe. The expansion valve, and one of the first connection portion or the second connection portion are fixed to the bracket.

Abstract: A refrigerant detector testing system according to aspects of the disclosure includes a metering orifice formed in a suction line that is disposed between an evaporator coil and a compressor, a valve fluidly coupled to the metering orifice, a connecting tube fluidly coupled to the valve on a side opposite the metering orifice, a mixing device having an input orifice fluidly coupled to the connecting tube. In some embodiments, the mixing device includes an air intake disposed proximate the input orifice, a throttling portion downstream of the input orifice and the air intake, the throttling portion having a reduced cross-sectional area, and a diffuser section positioned downstream of the throttling portion, the diffuser section having an output orifice. According to aspects of the disclosure, a refrigerant detector fluidly exposed to the output orifice.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system includes a plurality of indoor units; a relay unit including an intermediate heat exchanger configured to exchange heat between refrigerant and a heat medium; and a heat source unit configured to supply cooling energy or heating energy to each of the plurality of indoor units via the relay unit. The heat source unit and the relay unit are connected by a heat-source connection pipe through which the refrigerant flows, and the relay unit and the plurality of indoor units are connected by a load connection pipe through which the heat medium flows. The load connection pipe comprises a main pipe connecting between the relay unit and one of the indoor units provided at an end of the load connection pipe opposite to the relay unit. The main pipe has branch parts associated with the indoor units.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to subcooling control of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system. An HVAC system may include a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a refrigerant vessel having an inlet fluidly coupled to a discharge conduit extending from the compressor, and the refrigerant vessel having an outlet fluidly coupled to a liquid conduit, the liquid conduit configured to pass liquid refrigerant between the first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger. The HVAC system may further include an electronic expansion valve (EEV) fluidly coupled between the discharge conduit and the inlet of the refrigerant vessel, wherein the EEV is configured to modulate and divert a portion of vapor refrigerant flowing through the discharge conduit into the refrigerant vessel to control subcooling (SC) produced by the HVAC system.

Abstract: A compliant containment device for use in a hydronic system, the compliant containment device including a vessel including an inlet and an outlet, and valve operably coupled to at least one of the inlet and outlet, wherein the valve is configured to operate between an open and closed position based in part on a temperature.

Abstract: An air-conditioning device including multiple outdoor units and an indoor unit through a pipe includes a control section that obtains a degree of subcooling at an outlet of a subcooling circuit of each outdoor unit based on a temperature detected by a temperature sensor that detects the temperature of refrigerant having passed through the subcooling circuit of each outdoor unit, obtain a target value of the degree of subcooling based on the obtained multiple degrees of subcooling, and perform the control of increasing the rotation speed of a compressor of an outdoor unit having a higher degree of subcooling than the target value and decreasing the rotation speed of a compressor of an outdoor unit having a lower degree of subcooling than the target value such that a difference in the degree of subcooling at the outlet of the subcooling circuit of each outdoor unit is decreased.

Abstract: An air conditioner that includes a refrigerant circuit connecting a plurality of indoor heat exchangers in parallel and is able to complete collection of refrigerant to the side of an outdoor heat exchanger in a shorter time when the refrigerant has leaked at any indoor heat exchanger is provided. Thus, in the air conditioner according to the present invention, when refrigerant leak is detected by a refrigerant leak sensor provided in an indoor unit and refrigerant leak is not detected by a refrigerant leak sensor provided in an indoor unit, an indoor LEV and a cutoff valve are closed to isolate an indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit from the refrigerant circuit in a refrigerant pump-down operation. When refrigerant leak is detected by the refrigerant leak sensor and refrigerant leak is not detected by the refrigerant leak sensor, an indoor LEV and a cutoff valve are closed.

Abstract: A method of converting a refrigerant includes recovering a refrigerant from a refrigeration unit with an evacuation pump and containing the recovered refrigerant in a container. The method also includes testing the recovered refrigerant and converting the recovered refrigerant. The converted refrigerant is different from the recovered refrigerant. A system for converting a refrigerant includes an evacuation pump, a container, and one or more refrigerant containers. The evacuation pump and container are configured to recover a refrigerant from a refrigeration unit. The one or more containers deliver one or more refrigerant components into the container to convert the recovered refrigerant.

Abstract: A refrigerant recovery apparatus is connected between a target apparatus from which a refrigerant is recovered and a refrigerant recovery container. The apparatus includes a compressor, a condenser, and a residual refrigerant recovery path. The compressor sucks the refrigerant from a refrigerant circuit of the target apparatus and compresses the refrigerant. The condenser condenses the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and sends the refrigerant to the refrigerant recovery container through a main refrigerant recovery path. The residual refrigerant recovery path through which a decompression mechanism on a branch path branching from the main refrigerant recovery path decompresses a residual refrigerant in the condenser. The decompressed refrigerant is sucked into the compressor and pressurized. The pressurized refrigerant is sent into the refrigerant recovery container.

Abstract: An HVAC system includes an evaporator coil and a compressor fluidly coupled to the evaporator coil. A condenser coil is fluidly coupled to the compressor. The condenser coil includes at least one condenser circuit fluidly coupled between a discharge line and an exit manifold. A sub-cool circuit is fluidly coupled between the exit manifold and a liquid line. A first temperature sensor is disposed at an entrance to the sub-cool circuit. A second temperature sensor is disposed at an exit to the sub-cool circuit. An HVAC controller is operatively coupled to the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. The HVAC controller is configured to determine a temperature difference across the sub-cool circuit.

Abstract: A refrigerant recovery system is equipped with an extraction pipe, a stabilizer holding container, a recovery pipe, a recovery container, and a recovery device. The extraction pipe is connectable to a refrigerant extraction port of an air conditioning apparatus. The stabilizer holding container is connected to the extraction pipe—and holds a stabilizer. The stabilizer holding container causes refrigerant guided by the extraction pipe to come into contact with the stabilizer. The recovery pipe guides the refrigerant discharged from the stabilizer holding container. The recovery container is connected to the recovery pipe and recovers the refrigerant guided by the recovery pipe. The recovery device causes the refrigerant to move from the refrigerant extraction port to the recovery container. The refrigerant includes a compound represented by a molecular formula having one or more carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds.

Abstract: In a cryocooler for developing coldness of 4 K or lower by expanding helium, an expander expands high-pressure helium. A compressor compresses low-pressure helium returned from the expander, to generate high-pressure helium, and supplies the high-pressure helium to the expander. When helium temperature in the expander is 2.17 K or lower, the pressure of the low-pressure helium is equal to or higher than pressure given by a curve, in a helium state diagram in which the horizontal axis is temperature and the vertical axis is pressure, along which helium's volumetric thermal expansion coefficient is 0.

Abstract: An air conditioner, in which a liquid-pressure adjustment expansion valve that decompresses a refrigerant so that the refrigerant flowing through a liquid-refrigerant connection pipe is in a gas-liquid two-phase state is provided in an outdoor liquid-refrigerant pipe that connects a liquid-side end of an outdoor heat exchanger to the liquid-refrigerant connection pipe, properly transports the refrigerant in a two-phase state while suppressing an increase in a discharge temperature of a compressor. A liquid injection pipe that branches part of a refrigerant flowing through an outdoor liquid-refrigerant pipe and feeds the branched refrigerant to a compressor is connected to a portion of the outdoor liquid-refrigerant pipe on a side of an outdoor heat exchanger with respect to a liquid-pressure adjustment expansion valve.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to apparatuses and methods for indicating status of multi-phase vacuum-assisted recovery of refrigerant from a vehicle. One apparatus for multi-phase vacuum-assisted recovery of refrigerant from a vehicle includes a compressor that removes refrigerant from the vehicle during a first phase and a second phase of a recovery process. The apparatus also includes a vacuum pump to assist the compressor in the removal of refrigerant from the vehicle during a second stage of the recovery process. Further, the vacuum pump is fluidly connected in series with the compressor during the second phase of the recovery process. The apparatus additionally includes one or more status lights and at least one processor to determine a status of the recovery process. At least one of the status lights is illuminated to represent a status of the recovery process, and at least one is visible from 360 degrees around the apparatus.