Abstract: Described herein is for a system and procedure to apply vaporization for heat transfer processes, particularly condensers in air conditioning and refrigeration systems both for upgrading units using the discontinued R22 refrigerant and for new equipments. The application can be applied to other cooling processes such as computer chip cooling, garments for medical, personal garments for military personnel. The application points to the features of different manifestations of vaporization for cooling in both natural and other equipments. The process can be extended for small and compact implementation on new equipments with maintenance improvement compared to water tower coolers, lower capitalization costs, modularity and ease of maintenance, and indoor installations enabling extension of capability of the cooling system with application of air flow condition.

Abstract: In an air-conditioning apparatus, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, intermediate heat exchangers 15a and 15b, and use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d are separately formed and adapted to be disposed at separate locations, respectively. There are provided a defrosting operation function to melt frost attached around the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and a heating function during defrosting operation that drives a pump 21a to circulate a heat medium and supply heating energy to the use side heat exchangers 26a to 26d in need of heating to perform heating operation. The defrosting operation function can be executed by switching a four-way valve 11 to cooling side to introduce a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant flowed out of the compressor 10 into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.

Abstract: Evaporative coolers are disclosed. The evaporative cooler includes a cooler housing, a pump, a float, and a magnetic switch. The cooler housing defines a receptacle for receiving water. The pump is disposed at least partially within the receptacle defined by the cooler housing. The pump is configured to pump water received in the receptacle defined by the cooler housing. The float is disposed within the cooler housing and positioned to float on the water received in the receptacle defined by the cooler housing. The float includes a magnet. The magnetic switch is mounted on the cooler housing and configured for activation when the magnet is proximal to the magnetic switch. The magnetic switch is electrically coupled to the pump such that the pump is deactivated when the magnetic switch is activated by the magnet.

Abstract: Systems and methods for Indirect Evaporative Cooling and for Two Stage Evaporative Cooling for conditioning fluids such as air are disclosed. The Indirect Evaporative Cooling Systems comprise scalable indirect evaporative heat exchangers formed with polymer substrates that have been treated to render one surface substantially hydrophilic while the other is substantially hydrophobic, with channels for passage of primary (cooled) an secondary (cooling) air streams between them. The Two Stage Evaporative Cooling System comprise an indirect evaporation component where the fluid is pre-cooled indirectly with the abovementioned scalable heat exchangers, followed by a direct evaporation stage where the pre-cooled fluid is further cooled directly by adiabatic evaporative cooling. The device employing these systems is scalable, energy-efficient, uses aseptic materials, filters/clean incoming fluids (e.g. air), circulates disinfected evaporating liquid (e.g. disinfected water and has enhanced performance efficiency.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for an aircraft for the individual air conditioning of regions of a cabin of an aircraft includes a central air conditioning device, which provides a pressurized and temperature-controlled central air flow. A part of the central air flow is supplied to a first cabin region. Another part of the central air flow is heated in a heating device or cooled in a cooling device and supplied to another cabin region. Water evaporates in the cooling device, in order to cool the air flow to be supplied to the cabin region.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlled cooling of hot rolled metal (1) using zone separation spray devices (10, 11, 12) which are adjustable as a function of the cooling flow (5, 8) applied.

Abstract: A water conservation system for an evaporative cooler includes one or more probes located proximate to one or more evaporative cooler pads of an evaporative cooler. The probe(s) can detect a resistance level, a humidity level, and or a moisture level associated with the evaporative cooler pad. A controller communicates with the probe(s) and a valve for delivering water to the evaporative cooler pad, wherein the controller automatically turns the valve on or off, depending upon the moisture, resistance and/or humidity detected by the probe(s) in order to conserve water during operations of the evaporative cooler. Sensors can thus be utilized to detect the moisture level, humidity and/or resistance of the pad(s) to control the operation of a water pump for the delivery of water to the pads(s).

Abstract: One embodiment comprises an apparatus with an evaporative unit for a refrigerant having a flow direction opposing the airflow direction and an adjustable airflow rate to utilize to produce both cold/dehumidified exit air and warmed exit refrigerant for high efficiency and to maintain an airflow sufficient to avoid freeze-up of evaporative unit or freeze-up to an extent that blocks the airflow. This may produce low humidity even when the room thermostat is set warm (e.g. 85F) and 5%-30% lower A/C bills. Other embodiments comprise systems and methods related to the adjustable airflow. A further embodiment comprises a controller to adjust the humidity in an air-conditioned space to produce air, which is both temperature and humidity controlled.

Abstract: A heat transfer system is provided having an air-cooled heat exchanger system. The heat exchanger system has an evaporator, condenser, compressor and a fan for forcing air over a heat exchange surface for effecting heat transfer. A mist generator having at least one nozzle directs a stream of fine mist or atomized liquid coolant into the air. The mist generator is coupled to a supply of liquid coolant. A controller controls the degree of mist or atomized coolant generated by the mist generator. A filter element positioned between the at least one nozzle and the heat exchange surface captures droplets of liquid coolant. The at least one nozzle is spaced apart from the filter element for directing the stream directly into the air surrounding the filter element.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to cool compressors, condensing coils, and similar devices. The compressor or condensing coil is cooled by the delivery of water, which may be ambient temperature or chilled. In one embodiment, the water is delivered to a mesh filter or screen via one or more mist spray nozzles. Water conduits may be integrated with the filter frame. The method to control the delivery of the water is designed to conserve water. The control circuit comprises a microcontroller device which contains programming that receives inputs, including but not limited to, outside ambient air temperature, condenser liquid line temperature, relative humidity and electric current, and uses said inputs to provide a stepwise level of control (“solenoid open time”) of water delivery commensurate with outside air temperature and relative humidity.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a primary loop that cools a secondary loop that circulates a coolant through a refrigeration load. The secondary loop includes a suction header to receive the coolant from the load, and a discharge header to direct the coolant to the heat exchanger, and a pump to pump the coolant from the suction to the discharge header. A charging loop maintains a pressure of the coolant in the supply header within a predetermined range, and includes an inlet from the discharge header and an outlet to the suction header. A flow nozzle and a valve are located between the inlet and the outlet, and a reservoir of make-up coolant communicates with the flow nozzle. Upon a low pressure condition in the suction header, the valve opens to permit flow of coolant through the flow nozzle to draw in make-up coolant from the reservoir.

Abstract: Electronic circuit boards are arranged as respective parallel pairs defining a narrow gap there between. One or more such pairs of boards are supported within a hermitically sealable housing and cooled by way of spraying an atomized liquid coolant from a plurality of nozzles into each narrow gap. Transfer of heat from the circuit boards results in vaporization of at least some of the atomized liquid within the narrow gap. The housing further serves to guide a circulation of vapors out of each narrow gap, back toward the nozzles, and back into each narrow gap. A heat exchanger exhausts heat from the housing and overall system, wherein vapor is condensed back to liquid phase during contact and heat transfer therewith. Condensed liquid is collected and re-pressurized for delivery back to the nozzles such that a sustained cooling operation is performed.

Abstract: For cooling a gas by direct heat exchange with a cooling liquid, the gas (1) to be cooled is introduced into the lower region of a direct contact cooler (2). A first stream of cooling liquid (8) is fed into the direct contact cooler (2) above the point of introduction of the gas (1). Cooled gas (5) is removed above the point of introduction of the gas (1) from the direct contact cooler (2). A liquid backflow (10) is drawn off from the lower region of the direct contact cooler (2). At least at times, a second stream of cooling liquid (13) with a temperature that is lower than that of the backflow (10) is fed into the liquid backflow (10) and combined with the latter to form a return flow (11).

Abstract: A staggered spray nozzle system for efficiently thermally managing one or more electronic devices. The staggered spray nozzle system includes a first portion and a second portion positioned with the first portion. The first portion includes at least one first orifice for dispensing a first fluid flow towards at least one electronic device. A second portion is positioned within the first portion, wherein the second portion may be slidably positioned or non-movably positioned within the first portion. The second portion includes at least one second orifice for dispensing a second fluid flow towards at least one electronic device.

Abstract: A heat transfer system is provided having an air-cooled heat exchanger system. The heat exchanger system has an evaporator, condenser, compressor and a fan for forcing air over a heat exchange surface for effecting heat transfer. A mist generator having at least one nozzle directs a stream of fine mist or atomized liquid coolant into the air. The mist generator is coupled to a supply of liquid coolant. A controller controls the degree of mist or atomized coolant generated by the mist generator. A filter element positioned between the at least one nozzle and the heat exchange surface captures droplets of liquid coolant. The at least one nozzle is spaced apart from the filter element for directing the stream directly into the air surrounding the filter element.

Abstract: A dynamic spray system for effectively thermally managing electronic components. The dynamic spray system includes a thermal management system including a spray unit, and a control unit in communication with the thermal management system. The spray unit includes a spray head and an atomizer within the spray head for dispensing a continuous coolant spray having a spray characteristic. The control unit delivers an electrical signal to the spray unit dependent upon feedback data received from the thermal management system, wherein the electrical signal controls the spray unit to adjust the spray characteristic of the continuous coolant spray.

Abstract: A method for cooling a heat-generating device, comprising setting a reference surface temperature of the heat-generating device, measuring a temperature of a surface of the heat-generating device, measuring a temperature gradient based on temperature measurements of two or more different locations on the heat-generating device, implementing a closed-loop control based on the reference surface temperature, the measured surface temperature, and the measured temperature gradient of the heat-generating device to compute a rate of application of a cooling material to the surface of the heat-generating device, and providing a command to apply the cooling material to the surface of the heat-generating device at the calculated rate to cool the heat-generating device.

Abstract: A cooling assembly for cooling a heat source, such an electronic components, with a coolant includes micro jets adapted to eject the coolant onto the heat source in response to a control signal, and a controller adapted to control the ejection of the coolant from the micro jets in a sweep mode in which the micro jets eject the coolant sequentially. The micro jets may be arranged as an array and the coolant is forced induce velocity perturbations of the coolant, to avoid the occurrence of free circulation areas in the cooling channel, and to obtain a microscopic transport of the cooling through the cooling channel.

Abstract: A cryopreservation storage device (100), in particular for cryopreservation of biological samples, comprises a plurality of multi sample modules (20) being adapted for accommodating the biological samples and sample memories, a module control device (30) controlling an access to sample memories accommodated by the multi sample modules (20), and a data interface (41) for accessing to the module control device (30), wherein the module control device (30) includes a data management processor (31), which can be controlled via the data interface (41). Furthermore, a cryopreservation apparatus including at least one cryopreservation storage device (100) and a method for cryopreservation of biological samples are described.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for cooling filled food containers having hot contents includes spraying a coolant onto the containers. As the hot contents cool, the flow rate of coolant is decreased. The coolant is at least about 40° F. cooler than the initial average temperature of the hot contents. In one embodiment, the temperature of the spent coolant typically does not vary more than about 6° F.

Abstract: A heat transfer system is provided having an air-cooled heat exchanger system. The heat exchanger system has an evaporator, condenser, compressor and a fan for forcing air over a heat exchange surface for effecting heat transfer. A mist generator having at least one nozzle directs a stream of fine mist or atomized liquid coolant into the air. The mist generator is coupled to a supply of liquid coolant. A controller controls the degree of mist or atomized coolant generated by the mist generator. A filter element positioned between the at least one nozzle and the heat exchange surface captures droplets of liquid coolant. The at least one nozzle is spaced apart from the filter element for directing the stream directly into the air surrounding the filter element.

Abstract: A performance enhancement device is disclosed comprising a chimney that is secured to an upward-facing air exhaust of the condenser unit of an air conditioning system for directing the hot air discharged from the condenser away from the air conditioning system. A sun screened enclosure may also be utilized for at least partially surrounding the condenser unit and protecting it from solar radiation. When used in conjunction with the chimney, the chimney extends above the uppermost extent of the sun screened enclosure. One or more misting nozzles may be disposed within the sun screened enclosure for dispersing a water mist within the enclosure. The misting nozzles may be controlled individually, or in groups.

Abstract: A recirculation cooling system including a refrigeration circuit, a water circuit, a tank and a pump, the evaporator of the refrigeration circuit being allocated to the water circuit in order to exchange heat. All components are contained in a housing. This invention provides a recirculation cooling system that can be positioned in a space-saving manner and is readily accessible for maintenance. The rear wall of the housing is positioned against and fixed to a vertical side panel of, for example, a switchgear cabinet, a machine housing or a wall. The interior of the housing is sub-divided into two sub-chambers by a partition, one sub-chamber being situated between the side panel and the partition and the second sub-chamber being situated between the partition and the front face of the housing. The condenser and the ventilator are located in the sub-chamber allocated to the front face of the housing and the tank and pump are located in the rear sub-chamber.

Abstract: Cooling appliance, which consists of a main tank (1) into which the water at ambient temperature is introduced. Thanks to a pump (2), this water is moved vertically to another cooling tank (3), where some compressors (7) cool the water. The now cold water then falls by gravity to a drip tank (8). This drip tank (8) is provided with micro-openings through which the water again falls by gravity to pass through a filter (9). In practice, this filter (9) is made of several layers of porous material that become soaked with water and, thanks to a fan (10), the cold air is expelled to the exterior.

Abstract: A dynamic spray system for effectively thermally managing electronic components. The dynamic spray system includes a thermal management system including a spray unit, and a control unit in communication with the thermal management system. The spray unit includes a spray head and an atomizer within the spray head for dispensing a continuous coolant spray having a spray characteristic. The control unit delivers an electrical signal to the spray unit dependent upon feedback data received from the thermal management system, wherein the electrical signal controls the spray unit to adjust the spray characteristic of the continuous coolant spray.

Abstract: A spray cooling system for transverse evaporative spray cooling in a narrow gap, which may generally include a mixing zone, a converging zone, a plurality of cooling conduits, and a re-circulation conduit. The spray cooling system in some of its embodiments, provides, among other things, a feed system for narrow gap evaporative spray cooling, a method for reducing the pressure gradient across the surface from which heat is to be transferred and a housing system which utilizes a baffle to separate the plurality of cooling conduits from a re-circulation conduit and to re-circulate vapor to the entry of the cooling conduit.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods of controlling local environment. In one embodiment, incoming air enters a contactor such the Direct Contact Cooler-Condenser (DCCC) where the air contacts water distributed on the contact media. After passing through the DCCC, the air is saturated at a temperature equal or close to that of the water. Depending on the state of the incoming air, in the DCCC will be humidified or dehumidified to yield saturated air at the desired humidity ratio. In one embodiment, a blower draws air through the DCCC and blows into the heater. The heater heats the air to the desired dry-bulb temperature. Before exiting, the air may pass through a filter.

Abstract: A plurality of tubes define refrigerant passages extending vertically from a lower end to an upper end for condensing a superheated refrigerant to a subcooled liquid. A bottom header is in fluid communication with the lower end of the tubes, and a top header is in fluid communication with the upper end of the tubes. A plurality of fins extend back and forth between a plurality of apexes joined to the tubes by a connector with a plurality of gaps defined between the fins and the sides of the tubes to allow water to flow through the gaps for greater heat transfer. Methods of fabricating and a method of operating the heat exchanger are also described.

Abstract: A misting evaporative cooling system for residential air-conditioner condensers utilizes automatic controls on the misting system to maximize air-conditioner efficiency and minimize wasted water. A low-cost do-it-yourself kit is provided that includes stainless tubing, misting nozzles, tubing support rods, an outdoor thermostat, an electronic water valve, with dimensions suitable for many residential air-conditioner condensers. The outdoor thermostat and indoor air-conditioner thermostat cooperate to control the electronic water valve for maximum air-conditioner efficiency based on variables, such as humidity and ambient temperature, found in locations of use.

Abstract: A transpiration cooled heat sink, a self contained coolant supply and a method of using a transpiration cooled heat sink and a self contained coolant supply is provided and includes a heat sink base structure, the heat sink base structure having a coolant inlet for receiving a coolant and a coolant outlet for distributing a coolant, wherein the heat sink base structure defines at least one coolant channel disposed so as to be communicated with the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet and a coolant distribution structure, wherein the coolant distribution structure defines at least one distribution cavity and includes at least one distribution inlet communicated with the distribution cavity and wherein the coolant distribution structure is disposed relative to the heat sink base structure such that the distribution inlet is communicated with the coolant outlet.

Abstract: A portable evaporative cooler includes a first reservoir for holding a working fluid and having an air inlet and an air outlet. A partition separates the first reservoir from a second reservoir which stores a reserve fluid. A chute curved from the partition through the second reservoir directs the flow of air from the air outlet through a curved path. A valve in the partition replenishes the working fluid from the reserve fluid in the second reservoir and is responsive to a sensor disposed within the first reservoir.

Abstract: A method of controlling the operation of a heat exchanger with evaporative and non-evaporative sections. The method includes the following steps: providing desired values of temperature or pressure; comparing present values of temperature or pressure to the desired values of temperature and pressure; and manipulating an air flowrate to the heat exchanger and load to the evaporative heat exchanger to optimize total energy and water costs while maintaining an outlet fluid at the desired temperature or pressure.

Abstract: A method of operating a spray unit for efficiently thermally managing one or more electronic devices. The method of operating a spray unit includes a first portion and a second portion positioned with the first portion. The first portion includes at least one first orifice for dispensing a first fluid flow towards at least one electronic device. A second portion is positioned within the first portion, wherein the second portion may be slidably positioned or non-movably positioned within the first portion. The second portion includes at least one second orifice for dispensing a second fluid flow towards at least one electronic device.

Abstract: A method and system for relief of heat exhaustion symptoms through evaporative and conductive cooling is provided, and, more particularly, involves a rapidly deployable mobile fogging system suitably designed for relief of heat exhaustion symptoms, including a mobile platform for transporting the rapidly deployable mobile fogging system to locations where relief of heat exhaustion symptoms is needed, one or more fogging nozzles disposed on the mobile platform and oriented for dispensing a cooling pocket area of fog adjacent to the mobile platform, a coolant delivery system fluidly connected to the one or more fogging nozzles, and one or more controls for regulating the dispensing of the cooling pocket area of fog. In one embodiment, the rapidly deployable mobile fogging system comprises an emergency response vehicle. In one embodiment, the emergency response vehicle comprises a fire truck.

Abstract: A swamp cooler cooling system for cooling down a swamp cooler includes a first conduit that has an inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. The inlet is fluidly coupled to a water supply. A second conduit has a first end and a second end. The first end is fluidly coupled to the second outlet. The second end extends upwardly through a top wall of an outer housing of the swamp cooler for selectively cooling the outer housing.

Abstract: A drain pump assembly is provided for use with an evaporative cooler having a water reservoir and a circulating pump. The drain pump assembly includes a drain pump operative to pump accumulated water from the reservoir when the drain pump is turned on and a controller. The controller is operative to turn on the drain pump automatically after the circulating pump has operated for a predetermined circulate time period and also is operative to turn on the drain pump in response to actuation of a manual drain actuator. The controller turns on the drain pump for a drain time that is equal to or greater than a predetermined drain period. The controller can terminate operation of the drain pump and reset the drain time is power to the circulating pump is interrupted during operation of the circulating pump. The controller includes a processor and a data storage device operative to store data representing the accumulated circulate time when power to the circulating pump is interrupted.

Abstract: A spray cooling system for transverse evaporative spray cooling in a narrow gap which may generally include a mixing zone, a converging zone, a cooling conduit, and a re-circulation conduit. The spray cooling system in some of its embodiments, provides among other things, a feed system for narrow gap evaporative spray cooling, a method for reducing the pressure gradient across the surface from which heat is to be transferred and a housing system which utilizes a baffle to separate the cooling conduit from a re-circulation conduit and to re-circulate vapor to the entry of the cooling conduit.

Abstract: A method and system for relief of heat exhaustion symptoms through evaporative and conductive cooling is provided, and, more particularly, involves a rapidly deployable mobile fogging system suitably designed for relief of heat exhaustion symptoms, including a mobile platform for transporting the rapidly deployable mobile fogging system to locations where relief of heat exhaustion symptoms is needed, one or more fogging nozzles disposed on the mobile platform and oriented for dispensing a cooling pocket area of fog adjacent to the mobile platform, a coolant delivery system fluidly connected to the one or more fogging nozzles, and one or more controls for regulating the dispensing of the cooling pocket area of fog. In one embodiment, the rapidly deployable mobile fogging system comprises an emergency response vehicle. In one embodiment, the emergency response vehicle comprises a fire truck.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cooling an air conditioning system's condensing coils utilizing an air filter pad made of glass fibers with self contained, perforated water capillary tubes allowing moisture to permeate the filter pad. The filter pads may be connectable in series and provided with integral mounting strips for fixed or magnetic, internal or external attachment to the condensing unit. Special adaptive solenoids are also provided to allow for minimum flow of water over long periods of time. Dual sensors are provided connected to both the high and low side of the compressor for sensing compressor temperature status and switching the solenoid on and off, thereby preventing freezing of the compressor. A unique method for applying chilled water to the capillary tubes by coiling the capillary tube around the suction line of the compressor is utilized.

Abstract: A liquid cooling system is disclosed to include a first cooler module, a second cooler module, a connecting tube connected between the vertically arranged coiled tube of the first cooler module and the vertically arranged coiled tube of the second cooler module, a working liquid passing through the coiled tubes of the two cooler modules, and an electric fan set in between the two cooler modules to suck air into the first cooler module and to blow air into the second cooler module, enhancing the heat dissipation effect.

Abstract: A method of controlling spray distances in a spray unit for efficiently thermally managing one or more electronic devices. The method of controlling spray distances in a spray unit includes a first portion and a second portion positioned with the first portion. The first portion includes at least one first orifice for dispensing a first fluid flow towards at least one electronic device. A second portion is positioned within the first portion, wherein the second portion may be slidably positioned or non-movably positioned within the first portion. The second portion includes at least one second orifice for dispensing a second fluid flow towards at least one electronic device.

Abstract: A dynamic thermal management spray system for efficiently thermally managing one or more electronic devices. The dynamic thermal management spray system includes one or more spray units having an adjustable spray characteristic. The spray characteristic of at least one spray unit is adjusted based upon the desired thermal management of one or more electronic devices. Adjusting the spray characteristic is preferably comprised of increasing/decreasing the fluid flow rate.

Abstract: A system and method for cooling air includes using a refrigerant cooling system and further using a refrigerant liquefaction subsystem or method that includes using a heat sink cooler (“pre-cooler”) to cool the heat sink coolant before it is used to cool the refrigerant in the condenser. One aspect of the refrigerant liquefaction subsystem may use a water mist, which may be prepared by atomizers, high pressure nozzles, piezo-electric ultrasonic nebulizers, or the like, to cool the heat sink coolant.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods of controlling local environment. In one embodiment, incoming air enters a contactor such the Direct Contact Cooler-Condenser (DCCC) where the air contacts water distributed on the contact media. After passing through the DCCC, the air is saturated at a temperature equal or close to that of the water. Depending on the state of the incoming air, in the DCCC will be humidified or dehumidified to yield saturated air at the desired humidity ratio. In one embodiment, a blower draws air through the DCCC and blows into the heater. The heater heats the air to the desired dry-bulb temperature. Before exiting, the air may pass through a filter.

Abstract: A cooling system which utilizes a movable frame positioned within a duct. The moveable frame has an evaporative pad and where a nozzle is positioned to spray water onto the evaporative pad such that the weight of the water causes the frame to move to a lower position, thereby shutting-off the water flowing to the nozzle. As the water in the evaporative pad evaporates, the frame shifts to an upper position where the water is again sent through the nozzle to the evaporative pad, and the cycle repeats itself.

Abstract: An evaporative cooling method using an array of evaporative coolers and operation of this array of evaporative coolers at a low fan setting as disclosed. Also disclosed is the location of this array of evaporative coolers in such a manner as to create an optimal cooling effect within the interior of a building or home. Additionally, an apparatus is disclosed for supporting and arranging cooling devices along the outer wall of a home that bridges the gap in cut 2×4s while sustaining the weight of the evaporative cooler or the air conditioner placed upon it.

Abstract: The invention is a system for evaporatively cooling the intake air for an air conditioning housing unit. The system includes a plurality of conduits connected to a fluid source, and nozzles configured to expel vapor into a perimeter of the housing unit.

Abstract: A dynamic spray system for effectively thermally managing electronic components. The dynamic spray system includes one or more spray units each having a housing structure, a first portion, a first orifice within said first portion fluidly connected to a swirl chamber, a main jet fluidly connected to the swirl chamber, a plunger movably positioned within the main jet for adjusting fluid flow through the main jet, and at least one swirl inlet fluidly connected to the swirl chamber for generating a fluid swirl effect within the swirl chamber. The main jet is preferably aligned with the first orifice for dispersing a relatively narrow spray pattern from the first orifice when the fluid flow is increased through the main jet. The spray pattern is broadened when the fluid flow through the main jet is decreased.

Abstract: An apparatus is described for applying a fine mist of water to an air conditioner condenser coil for increasing the heat transfer thereof. A water source under normal utility pressure is tapped for flow into a reduced diameter tube supplying the apparatus. Said tube water is filtered and electrolysis protected by a magnesium element affixed to the tube and to the air conditioner structure. A metering valve used exclusively for metering small flows of liquid Freon-type refrigerant, is modified and adapted for exclusive use in metering water to the misters. It is conjoined with a temperature sensor bulb filled with expandable refrigerator coolant as a control initiator and which communicates with said valve via a sealed capillary tube to a chamber and diaphragm means. As the sensor bulb is located at the heat exchanger coil, this expansion valve meters water flow control in accordance with the temperature of the heat exchanger, without the use of electricity or dependence on fan power.

Abstract: A semiconductor burn-in thermal management system for providing an effective thermal management system capable of maintaining a desired semiconductor temperature during a burn-in cycle. The semiconductor burn-in thermal management system includes a reservoir for storing a volume of fluid, a pump fluidly connected to the reservoir, and a plurality of spray units fluidly connected to the pump. The spray units dispense the fluid upon the surface of the semiconductor during burn-in thereby maintaining a relatively constant surface temperature. Each of the spray units preferably includes a stationary first portion with a second portion movably positioned within the first portion in a biased manner. When burning in semiconductors without an integrated heat sink that are deeply recessed within the sockets of a burn-in board, the fluid pressure to the second portion is increased thereby extending the second portion from the first portion thereby reducing the effective distance from the surface of the semiconductor.