Abstract: Disclosed is a system for detecting a refrigerant leak in a refrigeration system, wherein a system controller is configured to: execute leak test cycles that include executing a first phase (T1-T2) of transferring refrigerant charge to the evaporator, a second phase (T2-T3) of transferring refrigerant charge to the condenser, and a third phase (T3-T4) of transferring refrigerant charge to the evaporator, determine a reference leak detection cycle time (LDCTREF) by determining a time from a beginning of the second phase (T2) in a first test to an end of the third phase (T4) in the first test, and setting LDCTREF to the time, determine a second leak detection cycle time (LDCT2nd) by determining a time from a beginning of the second phase (T2) in the second test to a second end of the third phase (T4) in the second test, and setting LDCT2nd to the time, determine if a refrigerant leak exists, and communicate the determination.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for detecting a refrigerant leak in a refrigeration system, wherein a system controller is configured to: execute leak test cycles that include executing a first phase (T1-T2) of transferring refrigerant charge to the evaporator, a second phase (T2-T3) of transferring refrigerant charge to the condenser, and a third phase (T3-T4) of transferring refrigerant charge to the evaporator, determine a reference leak detection cycle time (LDCTREF) by determining a time from a beginning of the second phase (T2) in a first test to an end of the third phase (T4) in the first test, and setting LDCTREF to the time, determine a second leak detection cycle time (LDCT2nd) by determining a time from a beginning of the second phase (T2) in the second test to a second end of the third phase (T4) in the second test, and setting LDCT2nd to the time, determine if a refrigerant leak exists, and communicate the determination.

Abstract: An integrated heat management system for a vehicle includes an air conditioner configured to cool or heat a passenger compartment using a refrigerant, a water-cooled cooling device configured to cool a specific device using the refrigerant of the air conditioner, and an air conditioning load change preventing unit configured to prevent a sudden change in an air conditioning load of the air conditioner when turning on or off the water-cooled cooling device with respect to the air conditioner.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an air conditioner includes an outdoor heat exchanger disposed in an outdoor unit and an indoor heat exchanger disposed in an indoor unit. The air conditioner also includes a refrigerant pipe configured to connect the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger. The air conditioner also includes and a refrigerant ratio adjusting device configured adjust a ratio between a liquid refrigerant and a gaseous refrigerant passing through the refrigerant pipe.

Abstract: Systems and devices for cooling and dispensing a beverage fluid are disclosed herein. One beverage dispensing system includes a beverage tower comprising a tower body, a shank, and a faucet. In some implementations, a coolant line is routed proximal to a beverage supply line through the tower body, through the shank, and into the faucet. In these and other implementations, the faucet includes a removable nozzle having a supplemental portion of the coolant line. In these and still other implementations, the faucet include a removable nozzle having a second coolant line. The coolant line and the second coolant line are configured to transport a coolant medium proximal to a beverage fluid in the beverage supply line to maintain or adjust the temperature of the beverage fluid. Many other features are described herein.

Abstract: A heat source unit constitutes part of a basic refrigerant circuit including: a compressor that compresses refrigerant; an accumulator that temporarily accumulates the refrigerant before the refrigerant is sucked into the compressor; an oil separator that separates refrigerating machine oil from the refrigerant after the refrigerant has been discharged from the compressor; a heat source-side heat exchanger that functions as a radiator or an evaporator of the refrigerant; a liquid refrigerant communication pipe; utilization-side expansion valves; utilization-side heat exchangers; and a gas refrigerant communication pipe that are connected to one another, the heat source unit comprising refrigerant circuit constituent parts including the compressor, the accumulator, the oil separator, and the heat source-side heat exchanger that are provided inside a casing, and the refrigerant circuit constituent parts being changed or added in accordance with capacity or function.

Abstract: Methods and systems of a mobile beer-dispensing system are provided. The system includes a mobile cart, a beer storage tank or container mounted to the mobile cart, a pressurization system configured to selectively force beer from the storage tank, a beer-dispensing tap, a fluid transport line configured to convey the beer from the storage tank to the tap, and an integrated cooling system that keeps the storage tank and the fluid transport lines cool.

Abstract: A data center cooling system includes a thermosiphon, an actuator coupled to the thermosiphon, and a controller. The thermosiphon includes an evaporator; a condenser; and at least one conduit coupled between the evaporator and the condenser to transport a working fluid between the evaporator and the condenser. The controller is coupled to the actuator and configured to operate the actuator to adjust a liquid level of the working fluid in the evaporator based, at least in part, on a parameter associated with a heat load of one or more data center heat generating computing devices.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a thermal load estimating device receives actual power consumption of various types of devices installed in a room, a thermal load pattern of a time-series maximum thermal load of the room, and power consumption of the various types of devices in the room; estimates a thermal load of the room at appropriate time based on the actual power consumption, the thermal load pattern, and the power consumption; and outputs an estimated thermal-load value as a result of estimation.

Abstract: Air conditioning systems and processes may monitor properties of the system and/or properties related to the system. The air conditioning system may allow operation based on user requests and/or allow stress operation(s) based on monitored properties.

Abstract: A refrigerating apparatus, where refrigerant reaches a supercritical state in at least part of a refrigeration cycle, includes at least one expansion mechanism, an evaporator connected to the expansion mechanism, first and second sequential compression elements, a radiator connected to the discharge side of the second compression element, a first refrigerant pipe interconnecting the radiator and the expansion mechanism, a heat exchanger arranged to cause heat exchange between the first refrigerant pipe and another refrigerant pipe. Preferably, a heat exchanger switching mechanism is switchable so that refrigerant flows in the first refrigerant pipe through the first heat exchanger or in a heat exchange bypass pipe connected to the first refrigerant pipe.

Abstract: A method for operating an HVAC system includes the steps of adjusting a heating temperature of a heat exchanger disposed in a first flow passage, directing a first partial air mass flow through the first flow passage, directing a second partial air mass flow through a second flow passage, and directing the first partial air mass flow and the second partial air mass flow downstream of the first flow passage and the second flow passage, wherein the heating temperature of the heat exchanger required to at least one of achieve and maintain a desired climate in the passenger compartment of the vehicle is set as a maximum heating temperature for the heat exchanger, and wherein only an amount of energy required to at least one of achieve and maintain a desired climate in the passenger compartment of the vehicle is added to the HVAC system.

Abstract: A system, compressor, and method that cools an electronics module with a low-pressure refrigerant. The system, compressor, and method utilize a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the low pressure refrigerant and communicates with the electronics module. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the electronics module controls a liquid dry out point of the refrigerant that is used to cool the electronics module.

Abstract: A compressor is connected with an evaporator, a condenser, and an electrically controlled valve for circulating a working fluid in a system for recovering waste heat to provide heated water for human use. A suction superheat temperature is determined from a measured compressor suction temperature and a suction saturation temperature. The electrically controlled valve is adjusted to maintain the suction superheat temperature at a suction superheat set point. The electrically controlled valve may be incrementally closed when a compressor suction pressure exceeds a maximum suction pressure. A discharge superheat temperature can be determined from a measured compressor discharge temperature and a discharge saturation temperature. The electrically controlled valve may be incrementally closed when the discharge superheat temperature falls below a minimum discharge superheat temperature.

Abstract: A system, compressor, and method that cools an electronics module with a low-pressure refrigerant. The system, compressor, and method utilize a temperature sensor that detects a temperature of the low pressure refrigerant and communicates with the electronics module. Based on the temperature detected by the temperature sensor, the electronics module controls a liquid dry out point of the refrigerant that is used to cool the electronics module.

Abstract: An air conditioner (1) includes a refrigerant circuit (10) configured to perform a supercritical refrigeration cycle and including: an outdoor circuit (21) including a compressor (22), an outdoor heat exchanger (23), and an outdoor expansion valve (24); and two indoor circuits (31a, 31b) including indoor heat exchangers (33a, 33b) and indoor expansion valves (34a, 34b). The air conditioner (1) further includes a controller (50) configured to control outlet refrigerant temperatures of the indoor heat exchangers (33a, 33b).

Abstract: A refrigeration system is provided with an ice maker chamber within a fresh food compartment. The refrigeration system includes a refrigeration path and an ice maker path. The ice maker path includes an electronic expansion valve for controlling the refrigerant entering an ice maker evaporator and an evaporator pressure regulator. Controlling the refrigeration system includes the steps of sensing a first refrigerant temperature at an exit of the ice maker evaporator and controlling a first control of the electronic expansion valve until the temperature reaches a temperature target. The method of controlling can further include comparing a slope of the temperature to at least one of a minimum, a target, or a maximum setting to adjust the control. Subsequently, a second control for the electronic expansion valve can be repeatedly adjusted by evaluating the first refrigerant temperature and the slope.

Abstract: A refrigerator includes a main body having a storage chamber, a door provided to the main body, including an outer door and a door liner. The door liner includes support steps, a liner plate, and a seating step that define an installation space. An ice maker is located at least partially in the installation space. A cold air duct is provided in one side of the storage chamber to supply the ice maker with cold air. An ice maker cover is provided having a cold air inlet on a top portion thereof and a viewing window on a lower portion thereof. The viewing window allows the ice maker to be seen from outside of the ice maker cover. An ice bank is removably located below the ice maker to transfer ice received from the ice maker to a dispenser.

Abstract: A method for controlling a refrigeration system with a variable compressor capacity, and at least two refrigeration entities, e.g. display cases, includes controlling suction pressure by either permitting or preventing the flow of refrigerant into the evaporators of one or more refrigeration entities. The method also includes controlling compressor capacity based on a signal derived from one or more properties of the one or more refrigeration entities, said signal reflecting a possible difference between the current compressor capacity and a current refrigeration demand of the refrigeration system. The method reduces wear on compressors by avoiding switching them ON or OFF to the largest extent possible, and also prevents problems relating to conflicting control strategies due to control parameters, e.g. suction pressure, being determined based on two or more controllable parts, e.g. compressors and flow of refrigerant into refrigeration entities.

Abstract: An electrically controlled expansion valve package (10) comprises an expansion valve (30), sensors (32, 33, 36) and control electronics (35) all included in a monolithic package that greatly simplifies installation, while also enabling performance enhancements. The expansion valve is controlled by control electronics that, among other things, determines from pressure and temperature sensors the type or nature of the refrigerant being used in the refrigeration system for adapting control of the expansion valve to the refrigerant.

Abstract: In a thermal control system of the type employing a two phase refrigerant that is first compressed and then is divided into a variable mass flow of refrigerant into a hot pressurized gas form and a differential remainder flow of cooled vapor derived from condensation and then thermal expansion, transitions between different temperature levels are enhanced by incremental variations of the mass flow at different control rates.

Abstract: An air conditioner and a method of controlling the same are provided. The air conditioner may include an outdoor unit, one or more indoor units operably coupled to the outdoor unit, a temperature sensor, a valve driver, and a controller. By monitoring an actual temperature and comparing the actual temperature to a desired temperature, a flow path, of flow direction, and flow capacity flowing to the one or more indoor units to adjust a heating/cooling capacity thereof as appropriate.

Abstract: A control system for an expansion valve and evaporator of an air conditioner system is provided that comprises an expansion valve having a valve element that is movable relative to a valve port for varying an opening area to regulate the flow of refrigerant to an evaporator coil. The evaporator coil has an inlet and an outlet, and is configured to conduct heat to a refrigerant flowing through the evaporator coil, where the exiting refrigerant temperature is dependent on the refrigerant flow rate. The control system for controlling the expansion valve includes an evaporator coil outlet temperature sensor, which is configured to sense the temperature of refrigerant within the evaporator coil near the outlet of the evaporator coil. A controller is in communication with the evaporator coil outlet temperature sensor for sensing temperature of refrigerant near the evaporator outlet, and is configured to determine a control set point based on the refrigerant temperature near the evaporator outlet.

Abstract: A method for controlling temperature pulldown of an enclosure with a refrigeration system having a compressor, a heat rejecting heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator comprises circulating a refrigerant through the refrigeration system, sensing a parameter of the enclosure, determining a desired evaporator pressure based upon the parameter sensed, and adjusting the expansion valve as a function of the desired evaporator pressure.

Abstract: A method is provided for controlling an intermittently supercritically operating refrigeration circuit. A control valve (12) is controlled: (a) in the subcritical mode, so that a predetermined “subcritical pressure” ensuring a predetermined sub-cooling of the liquid refrigerant at the outlet (14) of a heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10) is maintained; (b) in the supercritical mode, so that a predetermined “supercritical pressure”, which is optimized for optimum efficiency, of the supercritical refrigerant at the outlet (14) of the heat-rejecting heat exchanger (10) is maintained; and (c) in a border mode in a border region next to the critical point, dependent on a “continuity pressure” which is determined on the basis of the predetermined “subcritical pressure” and the predetermined “supercritical pressure” of steps (a) and (b).

Abstract: A modular evaporator which can be assembled from a number of standard modules is provided. Depending on the requirements, the modular evaporator can be assembled to meet a wide range of design cooling loads. Additionally, the modular evaporator is capable of generating and holding ice for thermal storage purposes, eliminating the need for external ice storage tanks. Furthermore, the heat transfer and thermal storage fluid for the evaporator can simply be water which considerably simplifies the system, lowers the cost, and increases the efficiency of the heat transfer loop.

Abstract: A direct exchange geothermal heating/cooling system has a self-adjusting expansion valve and a bypass flow path to improve efficiency when the system operates in a heating mode. The expansion valve may operate based solely on pressure from the vapor refrigerant transport line. The system may alternatively include an accumulator, a compressor, and an oil separator, wherein an oil return line returns oil from the oil separator to the accumulator. Additionally, a direct exchange geothermal heating/cooling system may include a hot-gas bypass valve for diverting heated vapor refrigerant to the liquid refrigerant line. Finally, a direct exchange geothermal heating/cooling system having a sub-surface heat exchanger extending to a depth of at least 300 feet may use a refrigerant particularly suited for such an application.

Abstract: A control method regulates an electronic expansion valve of a chiller to maintain the refrigerant leaving a DX evaporator at a desired or target superheat that is minimally above saturation. The expansion valve is controlled to convey a desired mass flow rate, wherein valve adjustments are based on the actual mass flow rate times a ratio of a desired saturation pressure to the suction pressure of the chiller. The suction temperature helps determine the desired saturation pressure. A temperature-related variable is asymmetrically filtered to provide the expansion valve with appropriate responsiveness depending on whether the chiller is operating in a superheated range, a saturation range, or in a desired range between the two.

Abstract: Refrigeration circuit (2) for circulating a refrigerant in a predetermined flow direction, having in flow direction a heat rejecting heat exchanger (4), an evaporator throttle valve (8), an evaporator (10), a compressor (22), an internal heat exchanger (16) placed with its “cool side” between the evaporator (10) and the compressor (22), an inlet temperature sensor (24) located between the evaporator (10) and the internal heat exchanger (16) and an outlet temperature sensor (26) located between the internal heat exchanger (16) and the compressor (22), and a control (28) for controlling the evaporator throttle valve (8) based on the inlet and outlet temperature sensor measurement, wherein the control is adapted for controlling the evaporator throttle valve (8) based on an inlet temperature setpoint at the inlet temperature sensor (24); and shifting the inlet temperature setpoint based on the outlet temperature sensor measurement (26).

Abstract: A compression refrigeration system and evaporator having multiple circuits. Spray nozzles are provided for atomization and expansion of the refrigerant. The atomizing spray nozzles are interposed in each evaporator circuit and the nozzles are sized to distribute atomized refrigerant to the various evaporator circuits based on airflow rates across the associated circuit.

Abstract: In a heat-source unit (15) which heats heating-medium water inside of a heat storage tank (16), a refrigerant circuit (30) is provided with a low-stage compressor (52), a high-stage compressor (62) and an expander (65) for power recovery. The low-stage compressor (52) is rotated by an electric motor (54) connected to a drive shaft (53) thereof. The high-stage compressor (62) is rotated by an electric motor (64) and the expander (65) connected to a drive shaft (63) thereof. A high-stage control section of a controller (90) adjusts the rotational speed of the high-stage compressor (62) in such a way that a value measured by an outlet water-temperature sensor (77) becomes a target temperature. A low-stage control section adjusts the rotational speed of the low-stage compressor (52) in such a way that a value measured by a discharge pressure sensor (74) becomes a target high pressure.

Abstract: A multiport expansion device for vapor compression refrigeration systems is provided having improved reliability by preventing orifice fouling by virtue of its mechanical design. Furthermore, multiple arrays of ports of two or more similar or differently sized port holes is contemplated which allows further reliability based on redundant orifices and pin combinations.

Abstract: A control procedure operates an expansion valve of an air conditioning system. The control procedure utilizes a first control procedure to bring a calculated superheat value within a range of a target superheat value, and a second control procedure to cause the calculated superheat value to match the target superheat value. Both the first and second control procedures preferably use Proportional, Integral, Derivative control algorithms.

Abstract: A refrigerant system comprising a compressor, a condenser, an electronic expansion valve, and an evaporator is controlled in a normal operating mode to meet moderate cooling loads; however, when the load approaches that which is sufficient to induce liquid refrigerant carryover from the evaporator to the compressor, the system is controlled in a capped operating mode to limit a certain thermodynamic variable rather than controlled to meet the high load. In the normal mode, the compressor and/or the expansion valve might be controlled in response to the amount of superheat of the refrigerant leaving the evaporator or the level of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator. In the capped operating mode, the compressor and/or the expansion valve might be controlled to limit a variable such as the compressor's capacity, the saturated pressure or dynamic pressure of the refrigerant entering the compressor, or the refrigerant's mass flow rate.

Abstract: A seal device has a for sealing a through hole in a partition includes a first seal for providing a first abutment portion that abuts against a periphery of the through hole in an entirety thereof, and a second seal for providing a second abutment portion that is made of an elastic material for abutting against an outer peripheral surface of a component disposed in the through hole. The first seal and the second seal are connected to cover an entire periphery of the through and the component, and a support member on the second seal has an inner surface shaped in a corresponding form of the component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and device to efficiently regulate flow of refrigerant while maintaining a sealed chamber in systems providing stored thermal energy for use during peak electrical demand. A mixed-phase regulator replaces the thermostatic expansion valve used in conventional air-conditioning systems that, along with capillary tubes and orifices, regulates the refrigerant fed from the compressor to the heat load.

Abstract: A pulse width modulation control is provided for a suction valve on a suction line, delivering refrigerant into a housing shell of a compressor. When the suction valve is closed, the pressure within the housing shell can become very low. Thus, a pressure regulator valve is included within the refrigerant system to selectively deliver a limited amount of refrigerant into the housing shell when the suction valve is closed. The delivery of this limited amount of refrigerant ensures that a specified pressure is maintained within the housing shell to achieve the most efficient operation while at the same time preventing problems associated with damage to electrical terminals, motor overheating and excessive discharge temperature.

Abstract: A control system for a cooling system includes a first sensor for sensing a property indicative of demand for cooling and a controller coupled to the sensor. The controller produces the variable duty cycle control signal in response to the property and causes the compressor and valve to vary a cooling capacity of the cooling system in response to the variable duty cycle control signal. The sensor may sense the pressure, temperature, or both. The valve may be a suction-side pressure regulator or a liquid-side expansion valve of the solenoid or stepper type.

Abstract: A multi air conditioning system for adjusting the amount of refrigerant flowing into indoor units determined to be in a stopped state, to improve the overall system efficiency, and a method for operating the multi air conditioning system. The method includes determining whether or not some indoor units are in a stopped state; measuring temperatures of heat exchangers of the indoor units in the stopped state; and changing opening degrees of valves installed in those indoor units determined to be in the stopped state to change the amount of refrigerant flowing therein if the temperatures of the heat exchangers of the stopped indoor units deviate from a reference range.

Abstract: A new feedback linearization approach to advanced control of single-unit and multi-unit HVAC systems is described. In accordance with the approach of the invention, this new nonlinear control includes a model-based feedback linearization part to compensate for the nonlinearity in the system dynamics. Therefore, the evaporating temperature and superheat values can be controlled by linear PI control designs to achieve desired system performance and reliability. The main advantages of the new nonlinear control approach include (1) better performance even with large model errors, (2) being able to adapt to indoor unit turn on/off operation, (3) much smaller PI control gains compared to that of current feedback PI controls, (4) much easier design procedures since there is no need for tuning the PI control gains over wide range operation.

Abstract: A self-contained beverage chilling apparatus including a refrigerant cooling system comprising a refrigerant reservoir in a fluid communication with a cold plate, a refrigerator accumulator, a compressor and a refrigerant condenser mounted within a housing unit. The housing unit further included beverage inlet means in fluid communication with the cooling system cold plate, and beverage dispenser means in fluid communication with the cold plate wherein the beverage to be dispensed is chilled to a desired temperature as it passes through the cold plate to the beverage dispensing means.

Abstract: An apparatus for refrigeration system control includes a plurality of circuits, each circuit having at least one refrigeration case and an electronic evaporator pressure regulator in communication with each circuit. Each electronic evaporator pressure regulator controls a temperature of one of the circuits. A sensor in communication with each circuit measures a parameter from the circuit. A controller associated with each electronic evaporator pressure regulator controls the respective electronic evaporator pressure regulator based upon measured parameters from each of the circuits.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling the temperature of a process tool uses the vaporizable characteristic of a refrigerant that is provided in direct heat exchange relation with the process tool. Pressurized refrigerant is provided as both condensed liquid and in gaseous state. The condensed liquid is expanded to a vaporous mix, and the gaseous refrigerant is added to reach a target temperature determined by its pressure. Temperature corrections can thus be made very rapidly by gas pressure adjustments. The process tool and the operating parameters will usually require that the returning refrigerant be conditioned and processed for compatibility with the compressor and other units, so that cycling can be continuous regardless of thermal demands and changes.

Abstract: Method for controlling a multi-type air conditioner having a plurality of indoor units each with an expansion valve, an indoor heat exchanger, and an indoor fan, some of which heat rooms, and rest of which are turned off, including the steps of (S11) defining a saturation temperature of refrigerant by using a heating cycle of the refrigerant, and Mollier chart, (S12) measuring a temperature of the refrigerant stagnant at the turned off indoor units, (S13) determining if a temperature difference of the refrigerant temperature and the saturation temperature is within a temperature range preset at a control part, (S14) opening the expansion valves of the turned off indoor units, if the temperature difference is within the temperature range preset at the control part, and (S15) closing the expansion valve of the turned off indoor units, if the temperature difference is not within the temperature range preset at the control part, whereby minimizing stagnation of refrigerant at turned off indoor units during some o

Abstract: An outdoor air conditioner unit is connected to indoor units by a gaseous refrigerant communication pipe and a liquid refrigerant communication pipe. The outdoor air conditioner unit is provided with a gas-side shut-off valve and a liquid-side shut-off valve. The gas-side shut-off valve has a pipe connecting port to which the gaseous refrigerant communication pipe is connected. The liquid-side shut-off valve has a pipe connecting port to which the liquid refrigerant communication pipe is connected. In a plan view, the pipe connecting ports are offset from each other in both the depthwise direction and the widthwise direction. Thus, the outdoor air conditioner unit is configured to reduce interference between the refrigerant pipes connected to the gas-side and liquid-side shut-off valves of the outdoor unit.

Abstract: A new feedback linearization approach to advanced control of single-unit and multi-unit HVAC systems is described. In accordance with the approach of the invention, this new nonlinear control includes a model-based feedback linearization part to compensate for the nonlinearity in the system dynamics. Therefore, the evaporating temperature and superheat values can be controlled by linear PI control designs to achieve desired system performance and reliability. The main advantages of the new nonlinear control approach include (1) better performance even with large model errors, (2) being able to adapt to indoor unit turn on/off operation, (3) much smaller PI control gains compared to that of current feedback PI controls, (4) much easier design procedures since there is no need for tuning the PI control gains over wide range operation.

Abstract: In a heat-pump water heater with a super-critical refrigerant cycle, a valve open degree of a decompression valve is controlled to control a pressure of high-pressure side refrigerant so that a temperature difference between refrigerant flowing out from the water-refrigerant heat exchanger and water flowing into a water-refrigerant heat exchanger is set in a predetermined temperature range. Thus, the pressure of high-pressure side refrigerant in the super-critical refrigerant cycle can be controlled, thereby suitably adjusting heat-exchange performance of an internal heat exchanger, and restricting the temperature of refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant compressor from being uselessly increased.

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle includes a refrigerant cycle having an evaporator which is disposed in a blowing duct and cools air by refrigerant evaporation in the blowing duct; a compressor setting the evaporated refrigerant at a high temperature and high pressure; a refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger heating cooling water by heat transfer from the refrigerant discharged from the compressor; and an expansion device decompressing the refrigerant discharged from the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. The air conditioner also includes a cooling water cycle having a heater core which is disposed on the downstream side of the evaporator; a radiator cooling the cooling water; a pump circulating the cooling water cooled by the radiator; a power engine cooled by the cooling water fed by the pump; and the refrigerant-to-water heat exchanger. The refrigerant cycle performs cooling for dehumidification by performing the operation of heating.

Abstract: A vapor compression system includes a compressor, a gas cooler, an expansion device, and an evaporator. Refrigerant is circulated through the system. The high side pressure of the vapor compression system is selected to optimize the heating capacity. In one example, the optimal high side pressure is obtained by determining the high side pressure that correlates to the maximum current required to operate to the water pump. In another example, the actual temperature of the water entering the gas cooler, the water exiting the gas cooler, and the ambient air temperature are measured and compared to a predetermined value to determine the optimal high side pressure.

Abstract: A self-contained beverage chilling apparatus including a refrigerant cooling system comprising a refrigerant reservoir in a fluid communication with a cold plate, a refrigerator accumulator, a compressor and a refrigerant condenser mounted within a housing unit. The housing unit further included beverage inlet means in fluid communication with the cooling system cold plate, and beverage dispenser means in fluid communication with the cold plate wherein the beverage to be dispensed is chilled to a desired temperature as it passes through the cold plate to the beverage dispensing means.