Abstract: An auxiliary engine generates electricity through an alternator, to charge the vehicle battery and selectively run an electric motor for air conditioning when the vehicle's primary engine is not operating. Operation of the electric motor produces rotation of the drive shaft of the vehicle's air conditioning compressor, the output shaft of the electric motor being connected via a centrifugal clutch, and a drive belt on a pulley integral to the clutch, to a pulley bolted directly to the drive shaft of the compressor. There is no use made of the vehicle's existing electromagnetic clutch at the compressor location, i.e. it remains disengaged when the auxiliary system is operating, and is engaged only when air conditioning is called for in normal vehicle operation, i.e. when the primary engine is running. The electricity generated by the auxiliary engine can also be used to operate other accessories, if desired, such as lighting, televisions, VCRs, refrigerators and other like accessories.

Abstract: An engine driven by high-pressure gas comprises: a high-pressure gas tank (7) for storing high-pressure gas; a piston (3) displaced when pressure is given from the high-pressure gas tank (7) to the piston (3), the piston (3) composing an expansion chamber (4) in which the high-pressure gas is expanded; and a crank shaft for converting a displacement of the piston (3) into a rotary motion, and fuel is burnt in the expansion chamber (4) when a volume of the expansion chamber (4) is expanded by the high-pressure gas supplied into the expansion chamber (4). Due to the foregoing, the piston (3) is displaced mainly by the pressure of high-pressure gas in the same manner as that of starting the engine, and the combustion of fuel is mainly used to prevent the temperature of gas in the expansion chamber (4) from being decreased.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of the invention, a self-serving power producing apparatus capable of being recharged by a charging mechanism is described. The power producing apparatus comprises a rechargeable power source, a motor powered by the rechargeable power source, and a pulley including a first armature rotated by the motor and a second armature. In addition, the power producing apparatus comprises a power unit coupled to the second armature of the pulley. The power unit comprises an alternator to produce direct current (DC) power for recharging the rechargeable power source and a generator to produce a level of alternating current (AC) power.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor heat exchanger unit which is hardly effected adverse effects of the gas engine waste heat during the cooling operation and which can improve an efficiency of the refrigerant cycle, and which can improve the heating ability by utilizing the gas engine waste heat; an outdoor unit comprising the outdoor heat exchanger unit; and an air conditioner comprising the outdoor heat exchanger unit; in order to achieve the object, the present invention provide an outdoor heat exchanger unit for a gas heat pump type air conditioner, in which a compressor for compressing a refrigerant is driven by a gas engine, and which comprises a heat pump for utilizing waste heat of said gas engine to perform a heating and a cooling operations: wherein said outdoor heat exchanger unit comprises a radiator provided in a cooling water system in which cooling water for said gas engine circulates and an outdoor heat exchanger apparatus provided in a refrigerant circuit in which sai

Abstract: In a vehicle air conditioner, a compressor is driven by a vehicle engine, and a displacement of the compressor is controlled based on a cooling load. When a post-evaporator air temperature (TE) is higher than a predetermined value (TEO+&bgr;), it is determined that the cooling load is large, and the compressor is forcibly controlled at maximum displacement that is larger than a control value controlled based on the cooling load. Accordingly, the post-evaporator air temperature (TE) can be rapidly reduced to be lower than the predetermined value (TEO+&bgr;), so that a driving time of the vehicle engine can be made shorter. As a result, fuel consumption efficiency of the vehicle engine can be effectively improved.

Abstract: An automotive engine has a charge air conditioning system, including a charge booster, and a first intercooler for transferring heat from charge air flowing from the booster. The first intercooler transfers heat from the charge air to ambient air, and a second intercooler downstream from the first intercooler further reduces the heat content of the charge air by transferring heat from the charge air to a refrigerated fluid. An engine control module controls the engine's spark timing and fuel charge as a function of at least the amount of air charge cooling provided by the second intercooler. The present engine is particularly well adapted to operate on gaseous hydrogen fuel.

Abstract: A system for shielding sparks generated by a compressor in a marine air conditioning system is disclosed. The components of the compressor clutch are modified and a cap encapsulates the components that can generate sparks. In particular, the outer edges of the hub and of the pulley are designed to closely receive the cap. The diameter of the hub is smaller than that of the pulley so that the cap rotates with the pulley without contacting the hub. The cap is joined to the pulley by interference fit and always rotates with the pulley. Any sparks generated by contact between the hub and the pulley are completely contained within the cap to prevent ignition of any gas fumes present in the vicinity of the compressor.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of monitoring operation of a temperature control apparatus. The apparatus includes a controller, a refrigeration circuit extending between a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, and a drive unit operably connected to the compressor. The drive unit has a fuel supply, a plurality of cylinders, a fuel line extending between the fuel supply and the plurality of cylinders, and a sensor positioned between the fuel supply and the cylinders to record fuel flow. The method includes directing air across the evaporator, recording a fuel flow rate with the sensor, calculating an actual output power of the drive unit using the fuel flow rate, calculating an expected output power of the drive unit, and comparing the actual output power of the drive unit and the expected output power of the drive unit to predict malfunctions of the apparatus.

Abstract: The current invention relates to an apparatus for cooling and/or heating a motor vehicle, with at least one coolant pump (30, 32) for circulating a coolant in a cooling and heating system, with a main cooler segment (10), which has a main cooler inlet (11) and a main cooler outlet (12), wherein the main cooler inlet (11) is at least intermittently connected to at least one coolant outlet (24, 224, 225, 229) of an engine to be cooled (20), in particular an internal combustion engine, of the vehicle, and its main cooler outlet (12) is connected to at least one coolant inlet (23) of the engine (22), and with at least one other, secondary cooler segment (15, 215, 315, 415, 515) provided in addition to the main cooler segment (10) and at least one other unit to be cooled (60, 61, 70, 80, 90, 97, 170, 186), which is connected to the cooling and heating system.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cooling, having a loop (60) carrying a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger (10) for outputting heat to a heat reservoir (12), a second heat exchanger (114) for extracting heat from a chamber (116) to be cooled, a compressor (18) and an expansion device (120), wherein in that a first further heat exchanger (70) is provided, which enables a heat transfer between the loop (60) carrying the refrigerant and a coolant loop (80). The invention also relates to a method for cooling.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a heat pump (12) having a main refrigerant circuit (14) taking heat from a cold source (16) and transferring it to a hot source (18), and a cooling circuit (48) for cooling an exothermal part, such as an engine, the cooling circuit being connected to a cooling heat exchanger (50). The cold source (16) has a first refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (24) thermally coupling the main circuit to a first secondary coolant circuit (26) capable of being selectively connected to an “outside” heat exchanger (30), to a “cold” heat exchanger (32), and to the cooling heat exchanger (50). The hot source (18) has a second refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (34) thermally coupling the main circuit (14) to a second secondary coolant circuit (36) capable of being selectively connected to the outside heat exchanger (30), to a “hot” heat exchanger (39), and to the cooling heat exchanger (50). The invention is applicable to air conditioning a vehicle cabin.

Abstract: A method of control for preventing warm air from being exhausted during a fuel cut when driving an air-conditioning system by a vehicle engine comprising, when it is judged that the fuel has been cut when the engine is decelerating and the engine speed has fallen to a first judgement value, causing the amount of discharge and torque of the refrigerant compressor to fall once to for example zero or a value close to zero, then causing them to gradually rise in a pattern of torque control of the refrigerant compressor and, when it is judged that the engine speed has fallen to a second judgement value, causing the fuel cut of the engine to end so as to secure the minimum necessary cooling capacity and extend the fuel cut time simultaneously.

Abstract: A method of operating a cooling and heating circuit of a motor vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine includes providing a first cooling medium path through a bypass conduit, a second cooling medium path through a main cooler of the internal combustion engine, a third cooling medium path through a heating heat exchanger, subdividing the cooling medium paths by an electrically actuated valves and forming cooling medium flows by an electrically driven pump, controlling both the valves and the pump by an electronic control unit in dependence on operational and environmental parameters as well as nominal values, reversing a feeding direction of the electrically operated pump in a first operational phase of the internal combustion engine at low temperatures of the internal combustion engine and turned on first cooling medium path, and feeding the cooling medium by the pump in a lower region of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Novel vapor compression evaporative cooling systems which use water as a refrigerant are provided, as are methods for using same. Also provided are novel compressors, compressor components, and means for removing noncondensibles useful in such cooling systems.

Abstract: The invention is based on a climate control system for a vehicle that is driven by an internal combustion engine (10), having a heating heat exchanger (24) which is connected to a coolant loop (12) of the engine (10) and is preceded upstream of a blower (48) by an evaporator (44), and a compressor (50) in a refrigerant loop (40), during a cooling mode, pumps a refrigerant via a gas cooler (42) and via an expansion valve (54) to the evaporator (44) and during a heating mode pumps it to the evaporator bypassing the gas cooler (42), and between the coolant loop (12) and the refrigerant loop (40) a coupling heat exchanger (38) is provided.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning apparatus includes a heater core 21 radiating heat of engine coolant to an air stream to be blown off to a vehicle compartment, a sub condenser 4 operative to radiate heat of compressed refrigerant to the air stream to be blown off to the vehicle compartment for condensing refrigerant, an evaporator 7 operative to allow expanded refrigerant by an expansion valve 6 to absorb heat of the air stream in the vehicle compartment to be evaporated, a variable displacement compressor 2 operative to compress evaporated refrigerant to be discharged to the condenser 4, a sensor 9 that detects a discharge refrigerant pressure of the compressor 2, and a compressor control means 100 operative to control a discharge refrigerant volume of the compressor 2 so as to compel a blow-off temperature to lie at a given temperature in response to a detected result of the sensor 9.

Abstract: A temperature control system for a vehicle includes an air-conditioning device (12) with a compressor device (14, 40) for compressing a working medium of the air-conditioning device (12). The compressor device (14, 40) can be driven by a first drive unit (18), preferably the driving motor (18) of a vehicle, and/or a second drive unit (42), whereby the second drive unit (42) comprises a Stirling motor (42).

Abstract: An air conditioning system for a vehicle includes a compressor. The vehicle includes a first drive source and the compressor includes a second drive source. The compressor is driven by the first drive source or the second drive source, or a combination thereof, and the second drive source includes an electrical power supply. The air conditioning system also includes a controller for selecting between the first drive source and the second drive source, such that when the compressor is active, the first drive source drives the compressor except when the vehicle is operating in a predetermined mode, a voltage of the electrical power supply is greater than or equal to a minimum electrical power supply voltage, and an amount of electric power consumed by the second drive source is less than a maximum electric power. For example, the predetermined mode may be an idle-stop mode.

Abstract: In a refrigerant cycle system with a hot gas heater cycle, a pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) between a high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the hot gas heater cycle at a start of a heating mode and a high-pressure side refrigerant pressure of the hot gas heater cycle at a predetermined time after the start of the hot-gas heating mode is calculated. When the pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) is in a predetermined range, it can be determined that the refrigerant is in a normal state. In this case, an electromagnetic clutch is turned on, and a compressor operates. On the other hand, when the pressure difference (&Dgr;Pd) is outside the predetermined range, it can be determined that the refrigerant is in a shortage state. In this case, the electromagnetic clutch is turned off, and the operation of the compressor is stopped.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system is designed at least for an air-conditioning mode for cooling a thermal control medium (13) and a heat-pump mode for heating the thermal control medium. The system comprises a refrigerant circuit with a compressor (1) and an evaporator (8), a coolant circuit with a heat-generating unit (10) to be cooled and a heater (12) for heating the thermal control medium, and also a first refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (3) functioning on the refrigerant side as a condenser/gas cooler. The evaporator is formed by a second refrigerant/coolant heat exchanger (8). A cooling body (14) for cooling the thermal control medium is connected downstream of heat exchanger (8) on the coolant side.

Abstract: A combined refrigerant heating and cooling system comprises a compressor, an outside heat exchanger, an inside heat exchanger, a refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger, at least one refrigerant expansion device and at least one redirection device, wherein the arrangement is such that said compressor is switchable between a heat pump loop and a cooling loop by means of said redirection device, said heat pump loop comprising said inside heat exchanger, said refrigerant expansion device and said refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger, and said cooling loop comprising said outside heat exchanger and said inside heat exchanger. According to the invention, the outside heat exchanger is arranged in such a way that an outlet of said outside heat exchanger is connected to a connection point of said heat pump loop which in heat pump mode lies downstream of said refrigerant expansion device, e.g. between said refrigerant expansion device and said refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger.

Abstract: A vehicle heating and cooling system having a first coolant loop selectively connecting an engine cooling system with a heater core or a first coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger, a second coolant loop connecting a second coolant/refrigerant heat exchanger and the heater core to warm a passenger compartment of the vehicle. The system also includes a refrigerant loop that provides for conventional cooling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as operating as a heat pump, together with the coolant loops, to provide heat to the vehicle passenger compartment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas heat pump-type air conditioner that can reliably notify a user that the time for changing the engine oil of the gas engine that drives the compressor has arrived without stopping the operation of the gas engine. In a gas heat pump-type air conditioner that forms a cooling cycle by circulating refrigerant using a compressor having a gas engine as a drive source, when the cumulative hours of operation t of the gas engine reaches a second predetermined time T2 (S3), a warning display A is displayed while the operation of the gas engine continues, and thereby the user is notified that the time for changing the engine oil has arrived (S4), and at the same time, after the initial stop procedure is carried out subsequent to reaching the predetermined time T2 (S5), a warning display B is displayed (S6), and the warning restoration operation procedure (S7) is carried out.

Abstract: Vehicle air-conditioning system, in particular CO2 air conditioner, the refrigerant cycle of which comprises the following components: a compressor, a refrigerant cooler, an internal heat exchanger between the refrigerant-cooler side and the evaporator side, an expansion valve, and an evaporator. To switch the air-conditioning system from cooling-mode operation to heating-mode operation, between the compressor and the refrigerant cooler there is integrated an auxiliary heat exchanger corresponding to a cooling circulation on the engine side, such that downstream of the auxiliary heat exchanger there is disposed an expansion valve by means of which during heating-mode operation the refrigerant can be throttled to a lower pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cooling controller for cooling an internal-combustion engine such as an internal-combustion engine for an automobile, comprising a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the cooling medium placed in a first or second circulation channel, and a flow control for controlling the flow of the cooling medium placed in the first or second circulation channel. The first circulation channel passes through the engine and the radiator as in a conventional cooling system. The second circulation channel, which is used in case of a detected failure of the radiator or thermostat valve, includes the heat exchanger of the automobile's air-conditioning system. When the failure is detected an air conditioner controller maximizes the amount of heat radiated from the air conditioning exchanger to prevent overheating.

Abstract: A condenser that includes a top manifold defining a first volume of space and a bottom manifold positioned below the top manifold and defining a second volume of space that has a magnitude that is different than the magnitude of the first volume of space. A core positioned between the top manifold and the bottom manifold, the core including a first set of condenser tubes that are in fluid communication with the top manifold and a second set of condenser tubes that are in fluid communication with the bottom manifold.

Abstract: A sound suppression system for suppressing the noise of an engine within an enclosure of an outdoor unit for a transport refrigeration system. A resonator is provided to suppress noise caused by the inflow of air to the air intake manifold of the engine, and a sound panel is provided in the bottom wall of the enclosure to suppress noise emanating from the engine. The resonator and the sound panel are co-located in the same plane and are preferably integrally formed of a molded plastic material.

Abstract: A method of control for preventing warm air from being exhausted during a fuel cut when driving an air-conditioning system by a vehicle engine comprising, when it is judged that the fuel has been cut when the engine is decelerating and the engine speed has fallen to a first judgement value, causing the amount of discharge and torque of the refrigerant compressor to fall once to for example zero or a value close to zero, then causing them to gradually rise in a pattern of torque control of the refrigerant compressor and, when it is judged that the engine speed has fallen to a second judgement value, causing the fuel cut of the engine to end so as to secure the minimum necessary cooling capacity and extend the fuel cut time simultaneously.

Abstract: A system for generating refrigeration wherein a hot process fluid is used to drive a thermoacoustic engine and residual heat from the process fluid is used to desorb refrigerant from a high pressure absorbent heat pump solution with the resulting refrigerant expanded to generate refrigeration prior to being reabsorbed by the absorbent.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method of operating a refrigeration system. The apparatus and method includes providing a fuel pressure monitoring device that is disposed along a fuel line, automatically shutting down the engine if the fuel pressure meets a first condition, restarting the engine, and operating the engine in an unrestricted mode if the fuel pressure monitoring device records a second condition and shutting down the engine if the fuel pressure monitoring device does not record the second condition. An apparatus and method of operating a diesel engine of a refrigeration system that is coupled to an inline fuel injection system is also disclosed.

Abstract: A combined refrigerant heating and cooling system comprises a compressor, an outside heat exchanger, an inside heat exchanger, a refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger, at least one refrigerant expansion device and at least one redirection device, wherein the arrangement is such that said compressor is switchable between a heat pump loop and a cooling loop by means of said redirection device, said heat pump loop comprising said inside heat exchanger, said refrigerant expansion device and said refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger, and said cooling loop comprising said outside heat exchanger and said inside heat exchanger. According to the invention, the outside heat exchanger is arranged in such a way that an outlet of said outside heat exchanger is connected to a connection point of said heat pump loop which in heat pump mode lies downstream of said refrigerant expansion device, e.g. between said refrigerant expansion device and said refrigerant-to-engine coolant heat exchanger.

Abstract: A motor drive-control device drive-controls a plurality of auxiliary devices with a single motor while securing a necessary capacity of the auxiliary devices side in correspondence with usage conditions. As such, in an air-conditioning system, necessary speeds of auxiliary devices such as a compressor and a warm water pump are calculated based on a necessary cooling capacity and a necessary heating capacity. The higher of these two necessary speeds is set as the motor speed for driving the auxiliary devices. The motor is thus controlled to this speed. Therefore, even if the air-conditioning heat load varies greatly due to changes in the usage environment, cooling and heating capacities necessary for air-conditioning temperature control can be obtained at all times.

Abstract: In order to provide a gas heat pump type air conditioning device in which accessibility and maintenance operation are not disturbed due to snow in snowy areas, a gas heat pump type air conditioning device comprises a compression device for which the driving source is a gas engine and forms a refrigerating cycle by circulating a refrigerant, a bypass pipe channel section which is provided around space where an outdoor unit is installed and is separated from an engine-coolant-water system of the gas engine via a channel change switching device, wherein waste heat exhausted from the gas engine is collected back into the engine-coolant-water, and the refrigerant is heated by the engine-coolant-water so as to enhance air heating capacity.

Abstract: In order to obtain more enhanced air heating capacity during low outdoor air temperature, a gas heat pump type air conditioning device which circulates refrigerant by a compressing device of which driving source is a gas engine, forms a refrigerating cycle, collects waste heat of exhaust gas exhausted from the gas engine to engine coolant water by an exhaust gas heat exchanging device, and heats the refrigerant by the engine coolant water to enhance the heating capacity, the exhaust gas exhausted from the gas engine is heated, and a heating device for increasing amount of thermal energy which can be collected in the exhaust gas heat exchanging device is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for cooling, having a loop (60) carrying a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger (10) for outputting heat to a heat reservoir (12), a second heat exchanger (114) for extracting heat from a chamber (116) to be cooled, a compressor (18) and an expansion device (120), wherein in that a first further heat exchanger (70) is provided, which enables a heat transfer between the loop (60) carrying the refrigerant and a coolant loop (80). The invention also relates to a method for cooling.

Abstract: An apparatus controls a variable displacement compressor used in a refrigerant circuit. The compressor includes a drive shaft, which is rotated by an engine. When the drive shaft rotates, the compressor compresses refrigerant sent from the external refrigerant circuit and discharges the compressed refrigerant to an external refrigerant circuit. When the displacement of the compressor is minimized, the circulation of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is stopped. The apparatus has a control mechanism for varying the pressure in the crank chamber. A detector detects a physical quantity that reflects the heating status of the compressor. When the compressor displacement is minimized and the quantity detected by the detector indicates that the heating status of the compressor is deteriorating, a controller commands the control mechanism such that the displacement of the compressor is greater than the minimum displacement.

Abstract: A device for controlling an engine for a vehicle and an air-conditioning device for a vehicle capable of suitably controlling the blow-out rate of an air-conditioning compressor at the time when the fuel supply has been cut by estimating a load torque of the air-conditioning compressor under a condition of resuming the fuel supply. The air-conditioning device for vehicles according to an embodiment of the invention comprises blow-out rate varying means for varying the blow-out rate of the compressor driven by a vehicle engine, and load torque estimating means for estimating a physical quantity related to the load torque of the compressor under a condition of resuming the fuel supply after the fuel supply has been cut. The blow-out rate of the compressor is changed by controlling the blow-out rate varying means depending upon the estimated value of physical quantity.

Abstract: The tunable resonator is coupled to the engine speed control such that the resonator is set to a different frequency range when the engine speed is changed. The frequency range is, changed to a higher frequency by closing a valve which effectively reduces the length of the resonator.

Abstract: Vehicle air conditioning systems (2) may include an electrically driven compressor (4, 6) that is electrically connected to an alternator (16) driven by a vehicle engine (18). The compressor may be driven in a first drive mode, in which a normal drive control is performed. The compressor also may be driven in a second drive mode, in which the rotational speed of the compressor is increased, as compared to the normal drive control. The compressor may be driven in the second drive mode at least when vehicle running speed is being reduced.

Abstract: A system for both providing air flow through a condenser core of an air conditioner and ventilating an engine compartment in a work machine. A control system for controlling the air flow through the condenser core and through the engine compartment includes a signal generating mechanism associated with the air conditioner operable to output a signal to the control system indicative of a desired fan speed, at least one sensor positioned in the engine compartment for determining the air temperature therein, and a controller coupled to the signal generating mechanism and to the at least one sensor for outputting a signal to the fan to control the speed thereof, the output signal being indicative of the highest fan speed dictated by the signals received from the signal generating mechanism and from the at least one sensor.

Abstract: There is provided an air conditioner for a vehicle, which comprises a refrigerating cycle having a compressor (20), a water cooling cycle formed by a radiator (36) and a heat storage tank (50), which are switched by passage switching valves (46) and (48), and a water heating cycle formed by a heater core (38) and the heat storage tank (50).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner which can efficiently vaporize the refrigerant using the waste heat of the engine; which has a stable heating capability regardless of the temperature of the outside air, and which can decease the electric power required for the fan and thereby decrease the noise due to the fan, in a heating operation; in order to achieve the object, the present invention provide an air conditioner comprising: a refrigerant circuit comprising a compressor for compressing a refrigerant; an outer heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outside air; a restrictor for restricting the refrigerant flowing out from a water heat exchanger; and an inner heat exchanger for exchanging heat between inside air and the refrigerant; an engine cooling water circuit comprising an engine for driving the compressor; and a radiator for exchanging heat between engine cooling water and outside air; and a water heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the re

Abstract: A controller for improving the durability of a compressor employed in a vehicle air conditioner without decreasing engine fuel efficiency. The controller detects the driving conditions of the vehicle and determines whether the engine is in a reversely driven state, in which the vehicle wheels drive the engine instead of the engine driving the wheels. The controller increases the amount of refrigerant discharged from the compressor when the engine is in the reversely driven state.

Abstract: A variable displacement compressor air conditions a compartment and includes a suction chamber, a discharge chamber and a crank chamber. A controller controls the pressure in the crank chamber to vary the compressor displacement. Two pressure monitoring points are located in a refrigerant circuit. The pressure in the crank chamber is controlled by a control valve. The control valve operates based on the pressure difference between the monitoring points such that a target pressure difference is maintained. A temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the compartment. A detection circuit compares the monitored temperature with reference values. When the monitored temperature surpasses one reference value or falls below another, the detection circuit outputs a detection signal. When receiving the detection signal, a pressure difference changer gradually increases or decreases the target value of the pressure differences accordingly.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus which has a simple structure and which can efficiently cool a plurality of electric devices is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a cooling circuit including serially-connected cooling systems for cooling electric devices by circulating a refrigerant; a circulating pump for circulating the refrigerant through the cooling circuit; and a radiator which is serially connected to the cooling systems in the cooling circuit and has a refrigerant outlet from which a refrigerant is supplied. The serially-connected cooling systems are arranged in a manner such that heat resisting allowable temperatures, assigned to the electric devices which respectively correspond to the cooling systems, increase from the cooling system closest to the refrigerant outlet to the cooling system farthest from the refrigerant outlet in the cooling circuit, wherein each heat resisting allowable temperature is the maximum temperature at which the relevant electric device can operate.

Abstract: A device for controlling an engine for a vehicle and an air-conditioning device for a vehicle capable of suitably controlling the blow-out rate of an air-conditioning compressor at the time when the fuel supply has been cut by estimating a load torque of the air-conditioning compressor under a condition of resuming the fuel supply. The air-conditioning device for vehicles according to an embodiment of the invention comprises blow-out rate varying means for varying the blow-out rate of the compressor driven by a vehicle engine, and load torque estimating means for estimating a physical quantity related to the load torque of the compressor under a condition of resuming the fuel supply after the fuel supply has been cut. The blow-out rate of the compressor is changed by controlling the blow-out rate varying means depending upon the estimated value of physical quantity.

Abstract: An engine charge air cooler system including a charge air compressing system, a refrigerant cycling system, and a charge air cooling apparatus for transferring heat from the compressed charge air of the charge air compressing system to the refrigerant fluid of the refrigerant cycling system. The charge air cooling apparatus comprises a housing with a charge air passage for charge air moving through the housing. A plurality of fins are positioned in the charge air passage. A fluid tube is provided in the housing and passes through each of the fins in a plurality of locations. Preferably, the refrigerant compressor of the system is adapted to also compress a separate flow of refrigerant fluid for an air conditioning system of the vehicle in addition to the refrigerant fluid of the system of the invention. A heating element may be provided in the interior of the housing, and may be selectively heatable for preventing accumulated moisture from freezing in the interior of the housing in sub-freezing temperatures.

Abstract: The device comprises a main loop (18) for cooling the fuel cell (12) and a secondary loop (20) for cooling at least the motor (10). These two loops (18, 20) form part of the same circuit which is traversed by a single refrigerant fluid and which comprises a section (22) common to the two loops on which a common pump (24) is mounted, and at least one regulation valve (38) is provided which is suitable for sharing the refrigerant fluid between the loops (18, 20) according to a chosen law. Application to electric and hybrid vehicles.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an outdoor heat exchanger unit which is hardly effected adverse effects of the gas engine waste heat during the cooling operation and which can improve an efficiency of the refrigerant cycle, and which can improve the heating ability by utilizing the gas engine waste heat; an outdoor unit comprising the outdoor heat exchanger unit; and an air conditioner comprising the outdoor heat exchanger unit; in order to achieve the object, the present invention provide an outdoor heat exchanger unit for a gas heat pump type air conditioner, in which a compressor for compressing a refrigerant is driven by a gas engine, and which comprises a heat pump for utilizing waste heat of said gas engine to perform a heating and a cooling operations: wherein said outdoor heat exchanger unit comprises a radiator provided in a cooling water system in which cooling water for said gas engine circulates and an outdoor heat exchanger apparatus provided in a refrigerant circuit in which sai

Abstract: The electrical transmission system for a motor vehicle having a traction input, a power electronic system that controls the traction input and a cooling system for cooling the power electronic system. The cooling system is a refrigerator, or possibly a heat pump, with an integrated carburetor and a compressor unit. The electrical transmission system is particularly suitable for urban buses.