Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning, heating and air circulation system is provided for a vehicle utility space. A condensor and evaporator of a vehicle compressed-air air-conditioning system are arranged respectively in the inflow and outflow air channels for the vehicle space. A heat exchanger cycle of a vehicle water or oil engine cooling heat exchanger system is disposed in the inflow air channel. A pivotal flap is disposed intermediate the inflow and outflow channels to selectively control the flow of air.

Abstract: An air conditioning system and method wherein a central pumping system circulates a heat-exchange liquid, through heating and cooling paths of a refrigeration system to and from air-treating units, and to and from a fluid cooler which acts as a heat sink and also as a heat source. The air-treating units have fans or blowers positioned upstream of the air cooling coils so that the fan heat is discharged through the fluid cooler system during cooling load operation, and that heat is available in the air-treating units during heating-load operation. One embodiment includes a separate line for supplying neutral water to each air-treating unit. The neutral water is mixed with either the hot water or the cold water supplied to each treating unit for temperature control. Another embodiment has only hot and cold water with separate supply and return lines.

Abstract: Heat is recovered by combining a heat transfer system including heat exchangers interconnected in a circulatory system, with a heat pump system. The heat pump system is preferably operated in accordance with the Lorenz-Principle. It is not necessary to divide the heat carrier circuit of the heat pump into two or three separate circulatory circuits. The heat carrier circuit of the heat pump can thus continue to operate unchanged even if the heat pump is switched off. For this purpose the warm heat carrier coming from a discharge fluid cooler, is heated further in a condenser of the heat pump and the cold heat carrier coming from a preheater or cooler group, is cooled further in an evaporator of the heat pump.

Abstract: An air-conditioning machine having, in blocks within the same box body, an indoor-air circulation wind passage, an outdoor-air circulation wind passage, and a ventilation wind passage. An opposite-flow heat exchanger, designed to recover the heat in the ventilation wind passage, is provided. One of two opposite faces having two wind passage openings in one face of the opposite-flow heat exchanger faces the outdoor-air circulation wind passage. The other thereof faces the indoor-air circulation wind passage. Shutters or dampers are provided on both of the faces. Functions of cooling and heating, heating and exchange ventilation, and simultaneous feed and exhaust non-heat-exchange ventilation can be exhibited.

Abstract: An absorption refrigeration and heat pump system in which a higher temperature subsystem and a lower temperature subsystem are combined with the desorber means of the higher temperature subsystem in heat exchange relationship with the condenser means of the lower temperature subsystem, and in which the evaporators of each subsystems are in heat exchange relationship with either the load in one mode of operation or the heat sink in another mode of operation, and the absorbers and condenser of the lower temperature subsystem are in heat exchange relationship with the heat sink in the first mode of operation and with the load in the other mode of operation. Means are provided to balance the system including a condensate pump between the higher temperature condenser and the higher temperature desorber. Alternate means are provided to improve lower temperature heat pumping by restricting the refrigerant flow through one of the expansion valves and diverting it to the solution pump.

Abstract: A heat-actuated air conditioner/heat pump is disclosed which includes a sealed, rotatable tube. The sealed tube contains a working fluid and includes an evaporator leg and a condenser leg, the condenser leg extending a greater distance from the axis of rotation than the evaporator leg. As the tube is rotated, a vapor pressure differential is created between the evaporator and condenser legs with the higher pressure in the condenser leg. Because of this pressure differential, the working fluid will evaporate in the evaporator leg at a lower temperature than that at which it will condense in the condenser leg. The evaporator leg thus can be used for cooling a stream of house air (house air conditioning) while the condenser leg rejects heat to a stream of ambient air. When all of the working fluid has evaporated, the system may be recharged for another cooling cycle by supplying heat to the condenser leg to drive the working fluid back into the evaporator leg.

Abstract: An air conditioning system and method wherein a central pumping system circulates a heat-exchange liquid (which is water or a glycol solution or other solution called "water") through heating and cooling paths of a refrigeration system and then to and from air-treating units. The fans or blowers of the air-treating units are positioned upstream of the air cooling and heating coils so that the fan heat and pump heat are discharged through the fluid cooler system during cooling load operation, and all of that heat is available for delivery to the air treating units during heating-load operation. The quantity of outside (fresh) air is selected and controlled so that adequate ventilation is provided, and during cold weather so that multi-story buildings may be provided with adequate pressurization to overcome an objectionable inflow of cold air at ground floor levels at entrances and exits.

Abstract: In a heat exchanger of the kind used for the transfer of heat from exhaust air, e.g. from rooms, to fresh air to be led into rooms, or for the transfer of heat the opposite way, means (9) for the cooled exhaust air are arranged after the outlet (4) with a view to transferring heat from the exhaust air to a heat reservoir (12), i.e. a heat pump circuit (10, 11). The thermodynamic efficiency is dependent on the difference in temperature, of course, and by transferring heat from exhaust air to for instance a water tank for hot water, the temperature being in some places close to the flow temperature of tap water, it will be possible to make use of much more of the latent heat of the exhaust air.

Abstract: A room air conditioner of the air valve heat pump type wherein a solid state narrow differential thermal sensor is arranged on a heat exchange baffle that senses room ambient. The sensor is insulated to eliminate biasing the sensor with outdoor and component heat transfer. The sensor through the baffle follows room ambients and is cooled when the cooling cycle is terminated by cold air from evaporator located above the baffle and when the heating cycle is terminated the sensor is heated as warm air from the condenser located below the baffle rises over the baffle to raise the temperature of the sensor to prevent short cycling of the air conditioner on either the cooling or heating mode.

Abstract: A refrigeration system for use in an air valve heat pump including a modulating restriction means and method of controlling the level of liquid in the system condenser. The restriction means includes a pair of capillary tubes in series flow arrangement and a sonic restrictor connected at one end to the inlet of the downstream capillary tube and at its other end at a point on the condenser where refrigeration in liquid state is required.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus for use in industrial facilities includes a housing subdivided into three compartments by two partitions spaced from one another along the height of the housing. The top compartment is formed with an opening on its side wall and provided with a fan positioned on the top of the housing. The foul air admitted into said opening is extracted into atmosphere by the fan. A number of fans are also positioned on the middle partition and a number of respective openings covered with gratings are provided on the walls of the middle and the bottom compartments. All the fans are electrically controlled from outside of the housing to draw air through the apparatus for refreshing air in the room, for filtering, heating or humidifying air in the room when desired.

Abstract: The invention relates to a compact heating assembly of the heat pump type, comprising a heat pump circuit having a compressor, an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator and condenser parts, together with means for heat exchanging heat carrying fluids against the same, are arranged in a housing. The evaporator and its heat exchanger means and the condenser and its heat exchanger means substantially form an essentially vertical helical conduit system which encloses an inner space, wherein the compressor, possible circulation pumps, etc. are arranged. The device can be burrowed in the ground, and the inner space is accessible via an inspection cover arranged at the top.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat pump that utilizes unidirection refrigerant flow wherein the condenser and evaporator retain their functions, but the air directed across them is redirected for different operations. While the heat pump is operating in the cooling mode, outdoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the condenser for liquefying the refrigerant and outside again; and indoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator for cooling the air circulated again. Conversely, in the heating mode, outdoor air passed in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator for vaporizing the refrigerant, then outside again; and indoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the condenser for heating the air and circulated again.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat pump that utilizes unidirection refrigerant wherein air directed across the condenser and evaporator is redirected for different operations. While the heat pump is operating in the cooling mode, manually operable dampers are positioned so that outdoor air is circulated through the condenser and indoor air is circulated through the evaporator. Conversely, in the heating mode, the dampers are manually positioned so that outdoor air is circulated through the evaporator; and indoor air is circulated through the condenser for heating the air.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat pump that utilizes unidirection refrigerant flow wherein the condenser and evaporator retain their functions, but the air directed across them is redirected for different operations. While the heat pump is operating in the cooling mode, air dampers are positioned so that outdoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the condenser for liquefying the refrigerant and outside again; and indoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator for cooling the air circulated again. Conversely, in the heating mode, the air dampers are positioned so that outdoor air passed in heat exchange relationship with the evaporator for vaporizing the refrigerant, then outside again; and indoor air is passed in heat exchange relationship with the condenser for heating the air and circulated again.

Abstract: A reverse air cycle type heat pump is provided that utilizes unidirection refrigerant flow wherein the condenser and evaporator retain their functions, but the air directed across them is redirected for different operations. The air cycle type heat pump is further provided with a secondary defrost circuit including valves which permit refrigerant flow to by-pass the compressor and the expansion device only when compressor operation terminates and the system pressure differential is equalized. This defrost circuit causes the relatively warm refrigerant in gaseous phase in the condenser to displace the relatively cold refrigerant in liquid phase in the evaporator with the flow continuing until the defrost system is completed.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for using solar energy to modify the temperatures of conditioned space in a building and to supply domestic hot water for the building. Part of the system is mounted to a core that forms a structural column of the building. The system incorporates selector mechanisms for selectively altering the flow of water in the system to facilitate changes in the functioning of the system.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an apparatus for controlling the rate of heat transfer of one of the heat exchange coils in a heat pump installation.

Abstract: A system for heating and ventilating objects and spaces surrounded by an outer covering, such as rooms in buildings. The system includes a heat pumping device for converting low-temperature energy to high-temperature energy useful for heating purposes. The condenser as well as the evaporator of the heat pumping device are divided into several series-connected sections operating at progressively or step-wise decreasing condenser temperatures and progressively increasing evaporator temperatures. The outer covering of the space or object to be heated contains an air inlet system and an air outlet system, each of said systems having several series-connected sections located at different distances from the outer surfaces of the covering, thus being subjected to different temperatures related to the temperature gradient through the outer covering.

Abstract: A solid adsorption air conditioning apparatus and process using water or ammonia refrigerant in a generator-condenser-evaporator-adsorber cycle wherein the refrigerant is adsorbed on a solid adsorbent coated on the interior of a combination adsorber-generator module and then generated from said adsorbent, the adsorber-generator modules alternately performing each of these functions. The apparatus and process may be used for cooling and heating functions by simple adjustment of dampers. The apparatus and process provides an air conditioning apparatus which may utilize solar heat for a substantial portion of its energy input requirements and does not require any liquid pumping.

Abstract: A solid adsorption air conditioning apparatus and process using water or ammonia refrigerant in a generator-condenser-evaporator-adsorber cycle wherein the refrigerant is adsorbed on a solid adsorbent coated on the interior of a combination adsorber-generator module and then generated from said adsorbent, the adsorber-generator modules alternately performing each of these functions. The apparatus and process may be used for cooling and heating functions by simple adjustment of dampers. The apparatus and process provides an air conditioning apparatus which may utilize solar heat for a substantial portion of its energy input requirements and does not require any liquid pumping.

Abstract: An open-type air defrost refrigerated display employing recirculatory refrigerated air flow for cooling, and reverse air flow into the ambient and from the ambient for defrost, there being a return air grille opening which is bioriented, with portions oriented to receive recirculatory cold air flow from across the display access opening during refrigeration, and portions oriented to discharge reverse flow defrost air into the ambient during defrost. These second portions are aerodynamically aligned with the adjacent passage from whence the reverse flow defrost air flows.The passage means preferably includes, between the refrigeration coil and the refrigerated air outlet, damper means for restricting the recirculatory refrigerated air flow a controlled amount, while allowing unrestricted reverse defrost air flow therethrough.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an air conditioning system employing a heat pump in combination with facilities for thermal storage, evaporative cooling and solar heat collection, as well as solar heat radiation; the heat pump having an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger and a third heat exchanger in series with the outdoor heat exchanger; the third heat exchanger being disposed to receive heat or cool air so as to augment operation of the heat pump during critical ambient conditions so as to improve the relative efficiency of the heat pump when operating under the aforementioned critical conditions.

Abstract: Air conditioning systems particularly suitable for large buildings located where water is not available for evaporative cooling to provide a heat sink. The condensate from the conditioned air is collected at the cooling and dehumidifying coils and is used as make-up water for one or more evaporative cooling towers which act as the heat sink. One of the cooling towers provides cooling solely by conduction with outside air. Air is exhausted from the conditioned space through one of the cooling towers so as to utilize the evaporation of the condensate in the low temperature and low relative humidity air. The invention also provides for improved operation and efficiency in systems without regard to utilizing condensate for evaporative cooling.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a reversible air cycle heat pump, or conditioner that provides cooling and heating options. A condenser plenum and an evaporator plenum are separated by a compartment. The compartment has a vertical partition transverse to the condenser and evaporator plenums. A single damper is carried horizontally within the compartment, and has a co-acting portion on either side of the partition. One end, or outdoor portion, of the compartment has outdoor discharge and suction chambers on either side of the partition. The other end, or indoor portion, of the compartment has indoor discharge and suction chambers on either side of the partition, with the damper dividing the indoor portion from the outdoor portion. Windows on one side of each of the condenser plenum and the evaporator plenum communicate with the compartment. The damper is pivotal about an axle axis carried transverse to the partition.

Abstract: Rotary closed Rankine cycle cooling and heating apparatus utilizing a single fluid for both engine power and refrigeration. The apparatus includes a rotary housing containing a boiler, power fluid expander coupled with a refrigerant fluid compressor and a refrigerant expander. A condenser for the expanded power portion and the compressed refrigerant portion of the single fluid, and an evaporator for the expanded refrigerant fluid portion, are mounted at respectively opposite sides of the housing coaxially thereof for rotation with the housing as a unit. The power fluid expander is driven at a predetermined speed by pressure power fluid vapor generated in the boiler and in turn drives the refrigerant fluid compressor. The refrigerant expander is of the capillary type constructed and arranged with respect to the evaporator to automatically control the capacity balance of the refrigerant system.