Abstract: A thermal energy storing system includes two or more volumes of a formulation of active material. The formulation of active material in each of the two or more volumes includes a solvent and one or more of a salt, a base, or an acid as the active material. The formulation of active material in each of the two or more volumes also has multiple congruent solid/liquid phase transitions at different concentrations of the solvent. A phase transition temperature of each volume of the two or more volumes of the formulation of active material can be adjusted by changing the concentration of solvent in each formulation. This tunability notably improves the performance and cost effectiveness of heat pumps, shifting electrical loads to lower-cost, off-peak/renewable-intensive periods, improving efficiency, and enabling recovery of low-grade renewable and waste heat. The system has a relatively small footprint, which is particularly attractive in urban applications.

Abstract: A method for producing a fuel includes transporting one or more pressure vessels containing pressurized biogas from a first location to a second location, and removing biogas from the one or more pressure vessels at the second location. The fuel production process is improved by controlling the decanting flow rate to provide a total decant time greater than 30-40 minutes, by actively heating biogas contained within the one or more pressure vessels, or some combination thereof.

Abstract: A cryogenic delivery tank includes a vessel having inner and outer shells and an interior that may contain a cryogenic liquid with a headspace above. A transfer pipe passes through the interior of the vessel and includes a head space coil positioned within an upper portion of the interior and a liquid side coil positioned in the lower portion of the interior. The transfer pipe has a first port adjacent to the head space coil and a second port adjacent to the liquid side coil. The first and second ports of the transfer pipe are configured to be removably attached to a second tank.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes an open-circuit refrigeration system including a cooling system configured to supply a cooling medium. The open-circuit refrigeration system includes a receiver having a receiver outlet, the receiver configurable to store a refrigerant fluid, the receiver configured to receive the cooling medium from the cooling system, an evaporator coupled to the receiver outlet, the evaporator configurable to receive liquid refrigerant fluid from the receiver outlet and to extract heat from a heat load when the heat load contacts or is proximate to the evaporator a control device configurable to control a temperature of the heat load and an exhaust line, with the receiver, the evaporator, and the exhaust line coupled to form an open-circuit refrigerant fluid flow path.

Abstract: A thermal management system includes an open circuit refrigeration circuit that has a refrigerant fluid flow path, with the refrigerant fluid flow path including a receiver configured to store a refrigerant fluid, a first control device configured to receive refrigerant from the receiver, a liquid separator, and an evaporator configured to extract heat from a heat load that contacts the evaporator, with the evaporator coupled to the first control device and the liquid separator. The system includes a pump having an inlet and an outlet, with the outlet of the pump coupled to the liquid side outlet of the liquid separator and a second control device that is coupled to an exhaust line, that is coupled to the vapor side outlet of the liquid separator through the second control device. In operation, the evaporator in the open circuit refrigeration circuit would be coupled to a heat load.

Abstract: A high-precision control system and method for shipborne cryogenic flash freezing of an aquatic product using liquid nitrogen is described. The system may include a main control system, a display unit, a liquid nitrogen supply system, a valve control unit, an acquisition unit, and a power unit. A flash freezing process is divided into four stages: a precooling stage, a flash freezing stage, a deep freezing stage, and a thermal insulation stage. Different cooling rates and flash freezing times are used for different stages, where a cooling rate is used in the flash freezing stage is the highest, a cooling rate used in the deep freezing stage is next, a cooling rate used in the precooling stage is the lowest, and an ambient temperature in a device is kept stable in the thermal insulation stage.

Abstract: A deep-sea submarine gas hydrate collecting method and a production house for the first time, the collecting method comprises the steps of: determining an active methane leakage zone near a landward limit of a submarine gas hydrate stability zone, acquiring submarine methane leakage in-situ observation data, determining a methane leakage rate and evaluating its economy; mounting a production house on the seabed, opening a monitoring system after the mounting, monitoring the submarine methane leakage condition and hydrate generation progress in real time, evaluating a hydrate generation amount, and performing hydrate acquisition work; and rapidly processing the gas hydrate in the house by a gas hydrate collecting system of an offshore platform, and continuously monitoring the methane leakage condition. A large amount of methane leaked can be collected, thereof, the method has dual meanings of resources and environment.

Abstract: A method for providing a fuel includes providing a partially purified biogas at a first processing site, where the partially purified biogas is produced by multiple biogas sources and/or from multiple feedstock sources. The partially purified biogas is compressed, fed to a mobile tank, and transported by vehicle to a second processing site. At the second processing site, which may also receive biogas from a plurality of biogas sources, the partially purified biogas is further processed to produce a fuel or fuel intermediate.

Abstract: A cryogenic liquid dispensing system having a tank that holds cryogenic liquid and a basin configured to hold cryogenic liquid at a height above a bottom portion of the tank. The system is configured to pump cryogenic liquid for dispensing from the bottom portion of the tank when the cryogenic liquid in the tank is of a sufficient level to provide an adequate liquid head to permit pump operation, and is configured to pump cryogenic liquid for dispensing from the basin when the liquid in the tank is of an insufficient level to provide an adequate liquid head to permit pump operation to dispense cryogenic liquid.

Abstract: Installation and method for filling tanks with pressurized gas in which fluid supplied to the buffer storage reservoir is at a relatively higher first temperature while fluid is being withdrawn from the buffer storage reservoir to fill a tank and fluid is supplied to the buffer storage reservoir at a relatively lower second temperature when fluid is not being withdrawn from the buffer storage reservoir to fill a tank.

Abstract: A method of recovering energy produced by the change of phase of dry ice using a device having an enclosure (2) containing dry ice at an infra-atmospheric pressure and at a solidification temperature corresponding to the infra-atmospheric pressure; and a primary energy recovery circuit (3), in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, passing through the enclosure. The method involves passage of the heat transfer fluid into the primary circuit (3), this step causing the heating of the dry ice and its change of phase into CO2 and the cooling of the heat transfer fluid; extraction of the CO2 contained in the enclosure (2); and substantially continuous lowering of the pressure of the enclosure (2) to an infra-atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A resonance apparatus that processes an electrical loss using a conductive material and a method of manufacturing the resonance apparatus are provided. The resonance apparatus includes a lower electrode formed at a predetermined distance from a substrate, and a piezoelectric layer formed on the lower electrode. The resonance apparatus further includes an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric layer, and a conductive layer formed on the upper electrode or the lower electrode.

Abstract: An LNG carrier which uses natural gas generated by vaporization of LNG as propulsive fuel and including cargo tank, spray apparatus, and carrier communication device; land-based equipment including land-based communication device and processing device; processing device including: first vapor quantity estimating section which estimates total quantity of natural vapor generated from the LNG remaining in the cargo tank in a case where the LNG carrier is traveling on planned ballast course, based on sea weather data; a second vapor quantity estimating section which estimates a total quantity of spray vapor generated by performing spraying operations in a case where the LNG carrier is traveling on planned ballast course, based on the sea weather data; and heel quantity calculating section which calculates required heel quantity, by summing the total quantity of natural vapor and spray vapor, and the land-based communication device transmits the required heel quantity to the carrier communication device.

Abstract: A system (100) for liquefying a gas comprises a liquid piston gas multistage compressor (2). It can be arranged on-board a liquefied gas carrier for recycling boil-off gas. Such system may be easily adapted or controlled for matching wide requirement ranges for variations of the liquefaction capacity. In addition, at least part of the liquid piston gas multistage compressor can be shared between the gas liquefying system and an extra gas-fed device. Such extra gas-fed device may be in particular a gas-fuelled or hybrid fuel propulsion engine of the vessel.

Abstract: An embodiment relates to a polymerizable composition for an optical material and a polythiourethane-based compound prepared therefrom. The polythiourethane-based compound is excellent in appearance with low generation rates of stirae and bubbles.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition or atomic layer deposition system includes a gas concentration sensor for determining the quantity of precursor gases admitted thereto. The gas concentration sensor can include a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting an acoustic signal across a chamber. In embodiments, the transmitter and receiver are designed to increase transmitted signal while reducing transmitted noise, facilitating use of the gas concentration sensor at low pressure and high temperature.

Abstract: A gas tank arrangement for a dual fuel internal combustion engine includes gas tank for containing a combustible gas, wherein the gas tank arrangement further includes an additional gas tank downstream the gas tank, wherein the additional gas tank is configured to be arranged in upstream fluid communication with an air inlet of the dual fuel internal combustion engine for delivery of combustible gas to the dual fuel internal combustion engine via the air inlet.

Abstract: A ship comprises an engine; a first self-heat exchanger which heat-exchanges boil-off gas discharged from a storage tank; a multi-stage compressor which compresses, in multi-stages, the boil-off gas that passed through the first self-heat exchanger after being discharged from the storage tank; a first decompressing device which expands one portion of the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor; a second self-heat exchanger which heat-exchanges the other portion of the boil-off gas compressed by the multi-stage compressor, with the boil-off gas expanded by the first decompressing device; and a second decompressing device which expands the boil-off gas pre-cooled by the second self-heat exchanger and cooled by the first self-heat exchanger, wherein the first self-heat exchanger uses the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank as a refrigerant for cooling the boil-off gas that passed through the second self-heat exchanger after being compressed by the multi-stage compressor.

Abstract: A method is disclosed herein for preventing contamination of a fluid in a fluid storage tank with a liquid cooling or heating medium due to breakage of a wall of the fluid storage tank. In an example embodiment, the method includes positioning an enclosed pressure-resistant jacket around an outer wall of the fluid storage tank, controlling a temperature of the fluid in the fluid storage tank by allowing the liquid cooling or heating medium to flow in the enclosed pressure-resistant jacket at a pressure lower than a pressure x (atm) applied within the fluid storage tank, and maintaining the pressure in the pressure-resistant jacket lower than the pressure x.

Abstract: A gas laser apparatus may include: a laser chamber connected through a first control valve to a first laser gas supply source that supplies a first laser gas containing a halogen gas and connected through a second control valve to a second laser gas supply source that supplies a second laser gas having a lower halogen gas concentration than the first laser gas; a purification column that removes at least a part of the halogen gas and a halogen compound from at least a part of a gas exhausted from the laser chamber; a booster pump, connected through a third control valve to the laser chamber, which raises a pressure of a gas having passed through the purification column to a gas pressure that is higher than an operating gas pressure of the laser chamber; and a controller that calculates, on a basis of a first amount of a gas supplied from the booster pump through the third control valve to the laser chamber, a second amount of the first laser gas that is to be supplied to the laser chamber and controls the fir

Abstract: A gas laser apparatus may include: a laser chamber connected through a first control valve to a first laser gas supply source that supplies a first laser gas containing a halogen gas and connected through a second control valve to a second laser gas supply source that supplies a second laser gas having a lower halogen gas concentration than the first laser gas; a purification column that removes at least a part of the halogen gas and a halogen compound from at least a part of a gas exhausted from the laser chamber; a booster pump, connected through a third control valve to the laser chamber, which raises a pressure of a gas having passed through the purification column to a gas pressure that is higher than an operating gas pressure of the laser chamber; and a controller that calculates, on a basis of a first amount of a gas supplied from the booster pump through the third control valve to the laser chamber, a second amount of the first laser gas that is to be supplied to the laser chamber and controls the fir

Abstract: An over-pressure limiting arrangement for a cryogen vessel includes an access neck providing access into the cryogen vessel, a tubular structure extending through the access neck, a turret outer assembly joined leak-tight to the cryogen vessel and defining an interior volume that is separated from the atmosphere by a protective valve or burst disc, enclosing an upper extremity of the access neck and the tubular structure. An egress path defines a route for cryogen gas to escape from the turret outer assembly, and a pressure-responsive quench valve seals the egress path and opens when a differential pressure between the interior of the turret outer assembly and the interior of the egress path exceeds a predetermined value. An auxiliary burst disc, or a valve, is attached to the tubular structure within the turret outer assembly, with an inner surface thereof exposed to the interior of the tubular structure and an outer surface thereof exposed to the interior of the turret outer assembly.

Abstract: A fluid storage tank is disclosed, the storage tank including a first conduit disposed therein substantially adjacent an inner surface of a sidewall of the storage tank, and wherein the inner surface facilitates a heating of the first conduit and a fluid in the first conduit during extraction thereof from the storage tank.

Abstract: An aircraft fuel tank flammability reduction method includes feeding pressurized air into an air separation module containing an oxygen separation membrane. The method includes contacting the separation membrane with the air feed, permeating oxygen from the air feed through the separation membrane, and producing nitrogen-enriched air from the air separation module as a result of removing oxygen from the air feed. The NEA from the air separation module is substantially cooled in a NEA flow heat exchanger and the substantially cooled, nitrogen-enriched air is fed into the fuel tank on board the aircraft. An aircraft fuel tank flammability reduction system includes a NEA flow heat exchanger configured to cool substantially the nitrogen-enriched air from the air separation module and a fuel tank on board the aircraft configured to receive the cooled nitrogen-enriched air.

Abstract: A monitoring system for monitoring fluid in a fluid supply vessel during operation including dispensing of fluid from the fluid supply vessel. The monitoring system includes (i) one or more sensors for monitoring a characteristic of the fluid supply vessel or the fluid dispensed therefrom, (ii) a data acquisition module operatively coupled to the one or more sensors to receive monitoring data therefrom and responsively generate an output correlative to the characteristic monitored by the one or more sensors, and (iii) a processor and display operatively coupled with the data acquisition module and arranged to process the output from the data acquisition module and responsively output a graphical representation of fluid in the fluid supply vessel, billing documents, usage reports, and/or resupply requests.

Abstract: Device for supplying evaporated gas from a storage tank for refrigerated liquefied gas with regulated pressure to a consumer, the requirements of which for pressure and mass flow of the gas vary widely, the device having: a motor operated high-pressure pump for the liquefied gas, the driving rotational speed of which determines the mass flow of the pumped liquefied gas; downstream of the high-pressure pump an evaporator for the liquefied gas; downstream of the evaporator a pressure-regulating valve for the evaporated gas, the outlet of which is connected to the consumer; a first regulator, the measured variable of which is the pressure of the evaporated gas downstream of the pressure regulating valve and the manipulated variable of which acts on the pressure-regulating valve; a second regulator, the measured variable of which is the pressure of the gas between the high-pressure pump and the pressure-regulating valve and the manipulated variable of which acts on a rotational speed controller for the high-press

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for treating boil-off gas generated in an LNG storage tank of an LNG carrier for transporting LNG in a cryogenic liquid state, the LNG carrier having a boil-off gas reliquefaction plant, wherein an amount of boil-off gas corresponding to a treatment capacity of the reliquefaction plant among the total amount of boil-off gas generated during the voyage of the LNG carrier is discharged from the LNG storage tank and reliquefied by the reliquefaction plant. The boil-off gas treating method and apparatus can maintain an amount of boil-off gas discharged from an LNG storage tank at a constant level by storing in the LNG storage tank, instead of discharging and burning, surplus boil-off gas which has not been returned to the LNG storage tank through the reliquefaction plant among the total amount of boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank, and can prevent waste of boil-off gas and save energy by allowing an internal pressure of the LNG storage tank to be increased.

Abstract: A cryogenic fluid storage tank having a first conduit adapted for filling and extracting a cryogenic liquid from the tank and a second conduit adapted for filling and extracting a gas from the tank is disclosed, wherein heat originating from inlet and outlet conduits transferred to the tank is minimized.

Abstract: A cryogenic fluid cylinder includes an inner vessel for holding cryogenic fluid, a cylindrically shaped outer vessel having a vertical longitudinal axis surrounds the inner vessel and forms an insulating space there between, and operating controls located on a top of the outer vessel. Customer or end user operating controls include a liquid-use valve for selectively dispensing liquid cryogen, a pressure-building valve for selectively controlling a pressure building circuit, and a gas-use valve for selectively dispensing cryogen gas. Supplier or maintenance personnel operating controls include an economizer regulator for selectively setting at least one desired pressure of the inner vessel, a vent valve for selectively venting cryogen fluid, and a vacuum pressure port for indicating vacuum pressure between the vessels. The end user controls are located on a front side of the outer vessel while the supplier controls are located on a rear side of the outer vessel.

Abstract: An operating method is provided for a cryopressure tank in which cryogenic hydrogen for supplying a motor vehicle fuel cell can be stored under supercritical pressure at 13 bar or more. In order to compensate the pressure drop resulting from removal of hydrogen from the cryopressure tank, either a heat transfer medium is supplied to a heat exchanger provided in the cryopressure tank via a control valve over a period of time which significantly exceeds the cycle times of a conventional cycle valve or the heat transfer medium is not supplied to the heat exchanger. Depending on the fill level of the cryopressure tank, the control valve is actuated with respect o a desired temperature or a desired pressure of the hydrogen in the cryopressure tank.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling the temperature and pressure of a cryogenic liquid methane storage unit are provided. The disclosed systems and methods generate methane gas from a reservoir of liquid methane stored within the methane storage unit, vent the methane gas through one or more outlet valves connected to the methane storage unit, and generate electric power using the vented methane gas. The generated electric power can then be used to initiating a cooling cycle, which reduces the temperature of said reservoir of liquid methane and reduces the pressure in said methane storage unit. Micro anaerobic digesters and methane storage units may be configured in a networked environment with a central controller that monitors remote units.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a boil-off gas heat exchanger exchanging heat between boil-off gas, pressurized by a boil-off gas compressor and recovered along a boil-off gas supply line branching off upstream of a liquefied gas-consuming unit, and the boil-off gas supplied from a liquefied gas storage tank, wherein the boil-off gas heat exchanger cools the boil-off gas, recovered along the boil-off gas supply line, with the boil-off gas, supplied from the liquefied gas storage tank, or flash gas, supplied through a vapor recovery line.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a boil-off gas heat exchanger exchanging heat between boil-off gas, pressurized by a boil-off gas compressor and recovered along a boil-off gas supply line branching off upstream of a liquefied gas-consuming unit, and the boil-off gas, supplied from a liquefied gas storage tank, wherein the boil-off gas heat exchanger exchanges heat between the boil-off gas, pressurized by the boil-off gas compressor and recovered along the boil-off gas supply line, and flash gas, supplied through a vapor recovery line.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for a vehicle. In one example, a vehicle comprises a first fuel tank configured to store a first fuel, and a second fuel tank configured to store a second fuel, both the first fuel tank and the second fuel tank disposed in the vehicle, a multi fuel engine disposed in the vehicle, the multi fuel engine configured to combust the first fuel and the second fuel, a fuel injection system configured to inject the first fuel into the multi fuel engine, and a conduit configured to route the second fuel from the second fuel tank to the multi fuel engine.

Abstract: A liquefied gas treatment system includes: a first stream of boil-off gas, which is generated from the liquefied natural gas in the cargo tank and is discharged from the cargo tank; a second stream of the boil-off gas, which is supplied as fuel to the engine in the first stream; and a third stream of the boil-off gas, which is not supplied to the engine in the first stream. The first stream is compressed in a compressor and is then branched into the second stream and the third stream. The third stream is liquefied by exchanging heat with the first stream in a heat exchanger, so that the boil-off gas is treated without employing a reliquefaction apparatus using a separate refrigerant.

Abstract: A method for removing gas from a storage vessel and returning it along with a liquid feed to the vessel. The gas such as natural gas is withdrawn from the storage vessel and fed to a venturi device where it is combined with a feed of liquid to the venturi device. The gas will combine with the liquid feed in the venturi device while the pressure in the storage vessel will be decreased thereby reducing the need for venting and increasing efficiency of the storage vessel.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that expand environmental support for an HVAC system with an HVAC fluid circulating throughout by vaporizing a cryogen; and sparging the vaporized cryogen to dispense sparge bubbles to the HVAC fluid to cool the HVAC fluid.

Abstract: Provided are a cold heat recovery apparatus using an LNG fuel and a liquefied gas carrier, in which costs involved in the installation and operation of a reliquefying facility can be reduced by recovering and utilizing cold heat of the LNG fuel when boil-off gas of liquefied gas as a cargo is reliquefied, and energy saving and reduction of environmental pollutants can be achieved because additional energy is not consumed in a reliquefaction process. A cold heat recovery apparatus for processing boil-off gas generated in a liquefied gas tank by using cold heat of an LNG fuel includes cold heat usage means using cold heat of an LNG supplied from an LNG fuel tank storing an LNG as a fuel to an engine, so as to processing the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied gas tank.

Abstract: A cryogenic storage tank system and an automatic flow path selector valve for the same, in which maintenance is more convenient, the length of pipes is minimized, and the pressure of liquefied gas in a gaseous phase inside a cryogenic storage tank is automatically adjusted.

Abstract: A system in one embodiment includes a detection unit, a boil-off auxiliary power unit, and a controller. The detection unit is configured to detect a characteristic of a boil-off gas stream from a cryotank configured to hold a cryogenic fluid. The boil-off auxiliary power unit is configured to receive the boil-off gas stream and use the boil-off gas stream to provide auxiliary power to a vehicle system. The controller is configured to acquire information from the detection unit corresponding to the characteristic; determine, using the information acquired from the detection unit, an available boil-off auxiliary energy that is available from the boil-off auxiliary power unit; determine a mode of operation of the vehicle system; determine a required auxiliary energy for the vehicle system; and to operate the auxiliary power unit based on the available boil-off auxiliary energy, the mode of operation, and the required auxiliary energy.

Abstract: A natural gas fuel system is provided. The system includes a vent gas recapture tank, a liquid natural gas (LNG) storage tank operably connected to the vent gas recapture tank, and a pressure control regulator operably connected to the vent gas recapture tank and the LNG storage tank. Vent gas is released from at least one point on the fuel system and stored in the vent gas recapture tank when certain conditions are met.

Abstract: A conditioning system for a liquefied gas includes a source of liquefied gas, the liquefied gas provided from the source at a first temperature. A first heater is disposed to heat a flow of the liquefied gas to a second temperature. An accumulator is disposed to collect and store a quantity of the liquefied gas at the second temperature. A second heater is disposed to receive a flow of gas from the accumulator and the first heater, the second heater operating to heat the gas to a third temperature and provide the heated gas at the third temperature to a gas outlet.

Abstract: A system for combusting boil-off gas and generating electricity at an offshore LNG marine terminal distant from an onshore LNG facility is disclosed. BOG produced as a result of LNG transfer between an onshore LNG facility and an LNG carrier, is combusted to produce power which drives an electrical generator producing electricity. None or a reduced amount of BOG needs to be returned to an onshore LNG facility, as some of the BOG is combusted at the offshore marine terminal.

Abstract: Provided is a nonflammable mixed refrigerant for use in a reliquefaction apparatus of a fuel supply system that compresses BOG generated in an LNG storage tank to a medium pressure, reliquefies the compressed BOG, compresses the reliquefied BOG to a high pressure, gasifies the compressed requefied BOG, and supplies the gasified BOG to a high-pressure natural gas injection engine. A nonflammable mixed refrigerant for use in a fuel supply system for a high-pressure natural gas injection engine is provided. The nonflammable mixed refrigerant cools the BOG by heat exchange with the BOG in the reliquefaction apparatus. The nonflammable mixed refrigerant comprises a mixture of nonflammable refrigerants with different boiling points, and the boiling point of each of the nonflammable refrigerant ranges between a room temperature and a liquefaction temperature of natural gas.

Abstract: Provided is a fuel supply system for a marine structure using a high-pressure natural gas injection engine. The fuel supply system includes: a boil-off gas (BOG) compression unit configured to receive and compress BOG generated in a storage tank storing a liquefied gas; a reliquefaction apparatus configured to receive and liquefy the BOG compressed by the BOG compression unit; a buffer tank configured to receive the liquefied BOG from the reliquefaction apparatus and separate the reliquefied BOG into a gaseous component and a liquid component; a high-pressure pump configured to receive the liquid component from the buffer tank and compress the liquid component; and a high-pressure gasifier configured to gasify the liquid component compressed by the high-pressure pump and supply the gasified liquid component to the high-pressure natural gas injection engine.

Abstract: A turret subassembly for use as part of a cryostat, the turret subassembly comprising a vent tube (32) housing an auxiliary vent (40); a refrigerator sock (34) for housing a refrigerator; a termination box (30) linking the vent tube and the refrigerator sock, and having an opening (52) in one wall (54); and means (38) for attachment of the turret subassembly to a cryogen vessel (12).

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for supplying gaseous natural gas to a rail vehicle. In one embodiment, a method of receiving fuel for use by a first vehicle comprises sending a request from the first vehicle to a remote liquid fuel container to convert a portion of the fuel in the liquid fuel container that is in a first, liquid phase from the first, liquid phase to a second, gaseous phase.

Abstract: Embodiments of a pressurized gas supply are provided. In one embodiment, the pressurized gas supply includes a pressurized gas reservoir and a pressure reducer fluidly coupled to the pressurized gas reservoir. The pressure reducer is configured to reduce the pressure of gas received from the pressurized gas reservoir to a predetermined output pressure (PO). A gas mixture is held within the pressurized gas reservoir at a starting pressure (PS) and at a starting temperature (TS). The gas mixture includes: (i) a warming gas having a positive Joule-Thomson (JT) coefficient at TS and over the pressure range PS-PO, and (ii) a cooling gas having a negative JT coefficient at TS and over the pressure range PS-PO. The cooling of the cooling gas at least partially offsets the warming of the warming gas when the gas mixture is expelled by the isothermal gas supply to achieve a desired gas output temperature.

Abstract: A portable cryogenic cooling apparatus includes a platform; a tank for storing a cryogen and mounted to the platform; a heat exchanger operatively associated with the platform and in fluid communication with the cryogen; at least one air circulation device operatively associated with the heat exchanger for moving atmosphere therethrough; a first exhaust pipe in communication with the heat exchanger for removing gaseous cryogen from the heat exchanger to a location external to the atmosphere; a power source mounted to the platform and connected to the at least one air circulation device for powering said device; a control valve operatively associated with the tank and the heat exchanger to adjust an amount of the cryogen provided to the heat exchanger; and a controller in communication with the heat exchanger and the control valve for generating a signal to the control valve for operation thereof.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for regasification of LNG to form natural gas using ambient air as the primary source of heat are described. LNG is directed to flow through an ambient air vaporizer to form a natural gas stream through direct heat exchange between the LNG and ambient air. The temperature of the natural gas stream is adjusted to suit a predetermined delivery temperature in a trim heater exchanging heat with a circulating intermediate fluid. The intermediate fluid is directed to flow through an ambient air heater such that the intermediate fluid exchanges heat with ambient air. Heat transfer between the ambient air and the LNG is assisted using one or more force draft fans to direct the flow of ambient air over the ambient air heater and the ambient air vaporizer in turn to dry the ambient air before it arrives at the ambient air vaporizer.