Abstract: An injection-type heat exchange module includes an outer tank connected to an external condenser or an indoor condenser and a lower chamber connected to an evaporator and a compressor, an inner tank disposed so as to exchange heat with a refrigerant in the outer tank and connected to the compressor, the evaporator, or a lower portion of the outer tank, a first valve disposed at an upper end of the inner tank, a second valve rotatably coupled to a lower end of the inner tank, and an actuator connected to the first valve and the second valve to simultaneously rotate the same. The first and second valves are configured to permit flow of, expand, or block the flow of the refrigerant by rotation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated connector and a heat exchanger including the same, in which a connector main body is formed by pressing one pipe, a cap is press-fitted into the connector main body, such that the integrated connector is formed so that an interior of the connector main body is blocked by the cap. Therefore, the number of components used to manufacture a connector, which connects and securely couples a header tank and a gas-liquid separator, may be reduced, the integrated connector may be easily manufactured, and a brazing defect may be reduced at portions where the integrated connector is joined to the header tank and the gas-liquid separator of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes pressure-regulating valve positioned between two flash tanks and a heat exchanger is positioned downstream from a medium temperature compressor. After determining that operation of an evaporator in a defrost mode is indicated, the system causes the evaporator to operate in the defrost mode by adjusting the pressure-regulating valve to increase a pressure of a first flash tank relative to a pressure of a second flash tank, allowing flow of refrigerant from the first flash tank to the heat exchanger, and allowing refrigerant heated by the heat exchanger to flow to the first evaporator.

Abstract: A dynamic method of maintaining a predefined sub-cooling of a refrigerant exiting a condenser by dynamic control of the circulating mass of refrigerant, by transferring the refrigerant into or towards a receiver installed in parallel with the liquid connection between the condenser and the expansion valve, as a function of the difference in temperatures between the condensation temperature of the saturation liquid and the discharge temperature from the condenser.

Abstract: Climate control systems and methods of operating them are provided that circulate a working fluid including a high glide refrigerant blend having first and second refrigerants with a difference in boiling points ?about 25° F. at atmospheric pressure. The system includes a gas-liquid separation vessel that generates a vapor stream and a liquid stream. A compressor receives the vapor stream and generates a pressurized vapor stream. A liquid pump receives the liquid stream and generates a pressurized liquid stream. A condenser is disposed downstream of the compressor and liquid pump and receives and cools the pressurized mixed vapor and liquid stream. An evaporator receives and at least partially vaporizes the multiphase working fluid and directs it to the gas-liquid separating vessel. An expansion device between the condenser and the evaporator processes the multiphase working fluid stream. Lastly, a fluid conduit for circulating the working fluid through the components is provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for heating and cooling a refrigerant are described. The refrigerant, which may be contained in the core of a jacketed container, is cooled by depressurization and evaporation of a portion of the refrigerant also contained in the jacket of the container. The vapor resulting from the evaporation is directed to the inlet of a compressor for pressurizing the vapor, which is then passed through a condenser where heat is removed causing the high-pressure refrigerant vapor to transition to hot vapor, warm liquid, and cold vapor. Heat generated by compression of the hydrocarbon refrigerant vapor to a state of super-heated vapor may be directed to the jacket of a vessel requiring heating.

Abstract: A heat exchanger according to the present disclosure includes a main heat exchange unit configured to exchange heat between air and refrigerant, and condense the refrigerant, a subcooling heat exchange unit configured to exchange heat between air and the refrigerant passing through the main heat exchange unit, and subcool the refrigerant passing through the main heat exchange unit, and a connection pipe configured to connect the main heat exchange unit and the subcooling heat exchange unit to allow the refrigerant to pass therethrough, wherein the connection pipe connects the main heat exchange unit on its outflow side to the refrigerant and the subcooling heat exchange unit on its inflow side to the refrigerant, such that when the main heat exchange unit condenses the refrigerant, the refrigerant from the outside flows into the downstream side of the main heat exchange unit and the subcooling heat exchange unit relative to a flow of the air, and flows out from the upstream side of the main heat exchange unit

Abstract: A cooling apparatus for a vehicle includes air-cooling first and second heat exchangers that are placed beside each other. A coolant flow-out portion of the first heat exchanger from which a first coolant which is a cooling target of the first heat exchanger flows out and a coolant flow-out portion of the second heat exchanger from which a second coolant which is a cooling target of the second heat exchanger flows out are placed at ends at opposite positions separated along a diagonal line on a parallel placement surface of the two heat exchangers. A first cooling fan is placed opposing the coolant flow-out portion of the first heat exchanger, and a second cooling fan is placed opposing the coolant flow-out portion of the second heat exchanger. With this configuration, cooling performance of two air-cooling heat exchangers placed beside each other can be improved.

Abstract: An inspection execution method is performed by a computer to cause each of a plurality of apparatuses to execute a plurality of inspections. The inspection execution method includes determining an inspection schedule including at least order of the plurality of inspections, and causing the apparatuses to execute the inspections based on the determined inspection schedule.

Abstract: A receiver, a receiver assembly and a heat pump system. The receiver includes a first pipe, a second pipe and a third pipe leading to the cavity of the receiver, wherein the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe connect to a first load unit, a second load unit and a cold and heat source unit, respectively.

Abstract: An air conditioner may include an outdoor unit including a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger configured to heat exchange compressed refrigerant; an indoor unit having an air inlet and an air outlet and connected with the outdoor unit through a first pipe through which refrigerant discharged from the compressor flows and a second pipe through which refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger flows; a blowing fan disposed in the indoor unit; a main heat exchanger configured to heat exchange air, which flows inside through the air inlet, and connected with the second pipe; a reheat exchanger disposed downstream of the main heat exchanger and connected with the first pipe; and a waste heat exchanger disposed upstream of the main heat exchanger and configured to heat-exchange air, which flows inside through the air inlet, and condensate water, which is produced at the main heat exchanger, with each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger arrangement for use with an air conditioning system of the type comprising a condenser, an expansion device, an evaporator and a compressor connected in a refrigeration circuit filled with refrigerant. The heat exchanger arrangement comprises a collector arrangement for collecting condensate fluid that has condensed on the evaporator as condensate fluid. The heat exchanger arrangement also comprises a first heat exchanger configured for facilitating the transfer of heat from an airflow flowing to the condenser, to condensate received from the evaporator.

Abstract: A coolant cycle system for cooling a structure includes a two stage compressor configured to compress a coolant. The two stage compressor has a first stage with a first stage inlet and a first stage outlet and a second stage with a second stage inlet and a second stage outlet. The second stage is a high pressure stage relative to the first stage. A gas cooler has a coolant inlet fluidly connected to the second stage outlet and has a gas cooler outlet. The gas cooler outlet is fluidly connected to a heat exchanger and a fluid storage tank. The heat exchanger is configured to cool the fluid storage tank and has a heat exchanger coolant outlet fluidly connected to the second stage inlet. The fluid storage tank has a fluid storage tank outlet fluidly connected to a coolant inlet of an evaporator. A coolant outlet of the evaporator is fluidly connected to the first stage inlet of the compressor. The first stage outlet of the compressor is fluidly connected to the second stage inlet.

Abstract: A method for operating a cooling device, a cooling device and a test chamber having a cooling device, a temperature of at least ?80° C. or lower being established at the heat exchanger by means of the cooling device having a cooling circuit comprising a refrigerant, a heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, a compressor, a condenser and a controllable expansion element of the cooling device, the refrigerant undergoing a phase transition in the heat exchanger, the refrigerant of a high-pressure side of the cooling circuit being cooled by means of the internal heat exchanger, the cooling of the refrigerant of the high-pressure side by means of the internal heat exchanger being used to reduce an evaporation temperature at the expansion element, a zeotropic refrigerant being used as refrigerant, the expansion element being controlled by means of a control device of the cooling device in such a manner that the refrigerant partially freezes during an expansion at the expansion element.

Abstract: A receiver includes a large diameter main body portion, and an intermediate member side small diameter portion. A wall thickness of the intermediate member side small diameter portion is smaller than a wall thickness of the main body portion. As a result, heat capacity of the intermediate member side small diameter portion is reduced. As a result, it is possible to complete brazing between the intermediate member side small diameter portion and the intermediate member, at the same time as brazing among tanks, tubes, and fins. A desiccant enclosed in a flexible bag can be taken in and out through the intermediate member side small diameter portion.

Abstract: An energy efficient heat pump for a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system includes a compressor system configured to direct a working fluid flow along a working fluid circuit of the energy efficient heat pump. The compressor system includes a first compressor configured to direct the working fluid flow in a first direction along the working fluid circuit and a second compressor configured to direct the working fluid flow in a second direction along the working fluid circuit, opposite the first direction. The energy efficient heat pump also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the first compressor and the second compressor, where the controller is configured to operate the first compressor and suspend operation of the second compressor in a cooling mode of the energy efficient heat pump and to operate the second compressor and suspend operation of the first compressor in a heating mode of the energy efficient heat pump.

Abstract: Air sourced or water sourced packaged self-contained heat pump units having indoor and outdoor sections are provided. The heat pump unit distributes its total charge of refrigerant between a main refrigerant system and a refrigerant charge control system while keeping the total charge of refrigerant in the heat pump unit constant. The refrigerant charge control system has a refrigerant reservoir, an inlet conduit, and an outlet conduit that extends into the reservoir such that its lowest point is close to the bottom of the reservoir.

Abstract: A bracket for a power module of a transport refrigeration unit is provided. The bracket includes a body portion including: an opening for receiving a shaft of an electric machine of the power module; a plurality of first mounting holes extending through the body portion and spaced around the opening for connecting the bracket to the electric machine; and a plurality of second mounting holes for connecting the bracket to an engine of the power module.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit, a suction temperature sensor, and a controller. In the refrigerant circuit, a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, an evaporator, and an accumulator are connected in order. The controller controls the number of revolutions of the compressor and the opening degree of the expansion valve. On determination that a refrigerant and a lubricating oil are separated inside the accumulator based on a detection result of the suction temperature sensor, the controller executes control of step to decrease the number of revolutions of the compressor, and executes control of step to set the opening degree of the expansion valve to a predetermined opening degree.

Abstract: A system includes a flash tank and a thermal storage tank. The flash tank is configured to store refrigerant and discharge a flash gas. The thermal storage tank is fluidically coupled to the flash tank and configured, when a power outage is determined to be occurring, to receive at least a portion of the flash gas from the flash tank, and remove heat from the flash gas. When a power outage is determined not to be occurring, the thermal storage tank directs refrigerant to a compressor.

Abstract: A single-use filtration device including a plurality of single-use filter capsules connected with each other by rigid lines, of which at least a part is firmly mounted in a raster universally specified by a holder. The filter capsules, in particular as regards the type of filter, type of construction and/or size, and/or the connections of the filter capsules, are preconfigured for a desired filtration process.

Abstract: A system includes a high side heat exchanger, a flash tank, a first load, a second load, and a thermal storage tank. The high side heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from a refrigerant. The flash tank is configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger and discharge a flash gas. The first load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a first space proximate to the first load. The second load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a second space proximate to the second load. The thermal storage tank is configured, when a power outage is determined to be occurring, to receive at least a portion of the flash gas from the flash tank, and remove heat from the flash gas.

Abstract: A cooling system includes a distribution system and a cooling unit. The distribution system is configured to circulate a distribution system refrigerant. The distribution system includes a distribution system pump, a main cooler, a distribution system input conduit, and a distribution system output conduit. The main cooler is configured to receive the distribution system refrigerant from the distribution system pump. The distribution system input conduit is configured to receive the distribution system refrigerant from the main cooler. The distribution system output conduit is configured to receive the distribution system refrigerant from the distribution system input conduit and to provide the distribution system refrigerant to the distribution system pump. The cooling unit is configured to circulate a cooling unit refrigerant. The cooling unit includes a cooling unit pump, an upstream receiver, a condenser, a downstream receiver, and an evaporator.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, and air condition (HVAC) unit includes a casing, a mount, and one or more flexible fingers. The casing is configured to condition air and direct the conditioned air to a vehicle occupant cabin. The mount extends from the casing and is configured to be mounted to an attachment surface. The mount includes an opening that has an inner surface. The flexible fingers each have a proximal end that extends from the inner surface and a distal end. One or more of the distal ends of the flexible fingers are configured to engage an attachment feature extending from the attachment surface and through the opening in the mount to secure the mount to the attachment feature.

Abstract: Systems and methods for regenerative ejector-based cooling cycles that utilize an ejector as the motivating force in a cooling loop to regeneratively sub-cool a refrigerant in a single-stage cooling cycle.

Abstract: A receiver drier assembly for an automotive heat exchanger is provided with a single-piece cap. In embodiments described herein, a modulator has a tubular wall and one or more openings are formed therein. The cap is a single-piece cap and is configured to attach directly to the tubular wall via a snap fit. The cap may have a protrusion that is configured to snap into engagement with the opening in the modulator when properly assembled. The protrusion may be tapered such that as the cap is assembled to the modulator, the protrusion is forced radially inwardly via the tapered surface sliding along the tubular wall. Once the protrusion meets the opening, the protrusion is allowed to flex radially outward toward its natural unbiased position, snap fitting with the opening of the tubular wall.

Abstract: A compact heat exchanger unit within an air conditioning apparatus for a vehicle, and a condenser region for the condensation of refrigerant is formed as a heat exchanging surface, and a high-pressure-refrigerant collector region as a refrigerant collector is formed in the integrated form as a plate packet of a heat exchanger within a plate heat exchanger.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first expander, a first load, a first work recovery compressor, a valve, and a first compressor. The first expander expands a refrigerant. The first load uses the refrigerant to cool a space proximate the first load. The work recovery compressor compresses the refrigerant from the first load and is driven by the first expander. The valve reduces the pressure of the refrigerant from the work recovery compressor. The first compressor compresses the refrigerant from the valve.

Abstract: A heat transfer system for controlling two or more heat loads, including a high transient heat load, is provided. The heat transfer system may include sensible-heat thermal energy storage. A method of transferring heat from two or more heat loads to an ambient environment is further provided.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a bypass pipe connecting a first bypass branch of a first connection pipe, through which high-pressure refrigerant flows, with a second bypass branch of a third connection pipe, through which low-pressure refrigerant flows, to allow bypassing of high-pressure refrigerant in the first connection pipe to the third connection pipe, and a bypass valve mounted in the bypass pipe. During a cooling operation of an indoor unit, the bypass valve is opened to allow bypassing of high-pressure refrigerant of the first connection pipe to the third connection pipe.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioning apparatus. The air conditioning apparatus includes an outdoor unit through which a refrigerant is circulated, an indoor unit through which water is circulated, and a heat exchange device including a heat exchanger in which the refrigerant and the water are heat-exchanged with each other. The heat exchanger includes a high-pressure guide tube, a low-pressure guide tube, a liquid guide tube, a bypass tube configured to connect a bypass branch point of the high-pressure gas tube of the outdoor unit to a bypass combination point of the liquid guide tube to bypass a high-pressure refrigerant existing in the high-pressure tube to the liquid guide tube, and a bypass valve installed in the bypass tube.

Abstract: A system includes a high side heat exchanger, a flash tank, a first load, a second load, and a thermal storage tank. The high side heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from a refrigerant. The flash tank is configured to store the refrigerant from the high side heat exchanger and discharge a flash gas. The first load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a first space proximate to the first load. The second load is configured to use the refrigerant from the flash tank to remove heat from a second space proximate to the second load. The thermal storage tank is configured, when a power outage is determined to be occurring, to receive the flash gas from the flash tank, and remove heat from the flash gas.

Abstract: A coolant supplying module of supplying a coolant stored in a reservoir tank to an electrical component cooling circuit and a battery cooling circuit may include a main body connected to the shared reservoir tank, at least one water pump mounting portion formed at the main body to mount at least one water pump provided in the electrical component cooling circuit and the battery cooling circuit, and a valve mounting portion formed at the main body such that a coolant valve for changing flow path of the coolant circulating through the electrical component cooling circuit and the battery cooling circuit is mounted, wherein a main connecting portion and a sub connection portion are respectively formed on the main body to be connected to the shared reservoir tank.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel pressurized vapor cycle for distilling liquids. In some embodiments of the invention, a liquid purification system is revealed, including the elements of an input for receiving untreated liquid, a vaporizer coupled to the input for transforming the liquid to vapor, a head chamber for collecting the vapor, a vapor pump with an internal drive shaft and an eccentric rotor with a rotatable housing for compressing vapor, and a condenser in communication with the vapor pump for transforming the compressed vapor into a distilled product. Other embodiments of the invention are directed toward heat management, and other process enhancements for making the system especially efficient.

Abstract: A refrigerant loop of a vapor injection heat pump includes a compressor, first and second expansion valves, and first and second separator valves. The separator valves allow an entire refrigerant flow to pass therethrough or operate to separate vapor and liquid components of expanded refrigerant and inject the vapor component into a suction port of the compressor. Vapor injection occurs in both heating and cooling modes of operation and may depend upon an ambient condition (e.g., high or low ambient temperatures). An accumulator receives an output refrigerant of the heat exchangers dependent upon the mode and directs a vapor component into another suction port of the compressor. A control module controls at least the first and second expansion valves and first and second separator valves dependent upon the mode of operation which include, among others, heating, cooling, and dehumidification and re-heating.

Abstract: Leakage of a heating medium from a condenser or an evaporator can be quickly detected by a simple structure. A refrigeration apparatus 1 according to the present invention is formed by connecting a compressor 11, a condenser 12, an expansion valve 13 and an evaporator 14 by a pipe 15 such that a heating medium circulates therethrough in this order. The refrigeration apparatus 1 further includes a pressure detection unit 31, 32 that detects a pressure of the heating medium flowing through the pipe 15, and a control unit 41 that determines that leakage of the heating medium from the condenser 12 or the evaporator 14 has occurred, when a pressure detected by the pressure detection unit 31, 32 becomes not more than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A refrigeration system includes a chiller with an integrated free cooling system and refrigeration system. In certain embodiments, the chiller may be a single package unit with all equipment housed within the same support frame. The chiller may generally include three modes of operation: a first mode that employs free cooling, a second mode that employs free cooling and implements a refrigeration cycle, and a third mode that uses the free cooling system to remove heat from the refrigeration system. A heat exchanger may be shared between the free cooling system and the refrigeration system to transfer heat from the refrigeration system to the free cooling system.

Abstract: A collector tube for a heat exchanger, which may have at least one flat tube, may include a base and a cover arranged opposite one another and embodying a longitudinal duct. The base may have at least one passage having an opening for accommodating the at least one flat tube of the heat exchanger. The at least one passage may have a collar, which may extend away from the longitudinal duct. The cover may have at least one notch, which may be located opposite the at least one passage and which may be embodied for accommodating a subarea of the at least one flat tube.

Abstract: The unloading of multi-stage compressors may include the introduction of flow from a gas bypass from a condenser into a second-stage inlet duct to induce a swirl in the flow into second stage compression. This unloading may be performed on multi-stage compressors in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration (HVACR) circuits that include a gas bypass from a condenser to the second-stage inlet housing of the compressor. The multi-stage compressor may include an impeller inlet duct including a flow straightener receiving fluid flow from the first stage discharge, and one or more channels to introduce gas from the gas bypass into the flow passing through the impeller inlet duct. The flow introduced by the channels may have a direction of flow including a component opposite to the direction of flow of the fluid flow from the first stage discharge via the flow straightener.

Abstract: An outdoor heat exchanger of an outdoor unit includes a main heat exchanger portion and an auxiliary heat exchanger portion. In the main heat exchanger portion, refrigerant path groups are formed. In the auxiliary heat exchanger portion, refrigerant paths are formed. The refrigerant path in the auxiliary heat exchanger portion, which is located closest to the main heat exchanger portion, is connected to the refrigerant path group in the main heat exchanger portion, which is disposed in a region where a wind velocity of the outdoor air passing through the main heat exchanger portion is relatively high. In addition, the refrigerant path is connected to the refrigerant path group. The refrigerant path is connected to the refrigerant path group. The refrigerant path is connected to the refrigerant path group.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerant container having a rational structure with a small number of components, the container having both the functions of a receiver and an accumulator. Specifically, the refrigerant container includes a tank 10 capable of temporarily storing a refrigerant; and a gas/liquid inlet port 15, a liquid-phase outlet port 16, and a gas-phase outlet port 17 that are provided in a lower portion of the tank 10. The refrigerant container 1 is adapted to separate a refrigerant introduced through the gas/liquid inlet port 15 into a liquid-phase refrigerant and a gas-phase refrigerant, and has the function of a receiver that guides only the liquid-phase refrigerant after the separation to the side of an expansion valve via the liquid-phase outlet port 16, and the function of an accumulator that guides the gas-phase refrigerant after the separation to the suction side of a compressor via the gas-phase outlet port 17 together with oil contained in the liquid-phase refrigerant.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed toward a novel pressurized vapor cycle for distilling liquids. In some embodiments of the invention, a liquid purification system is revealed, including the elements of an input for receiving untreated liquid, a vaporizer coupled to the input for transforming the liquid to vapor, a head chamber for collecting the vapor, a vapor pump with an internal drive shaft and an eccentric rotor with a rotatable housing for compressing vapor, and a condenser in communication with the vapor pump for transforming the compressed vapor into a distilled product. Other embodiments of the invention are directed toward heat management, and other process enhancements for making the system especially efficient.

Abstract: A micro channel type heat exchanger having a first pass disposed in some flat tubes located in a first heat exchange module and along which a refrigerant flows in one direction, a second pass disposed in some of the remaining flat tubes located in the first heat exchange module and along which the refrigerant supplied from the first pass flows in an opposite direction to that of the first pass, a third pass distributed and located in the remainder of flat tubes located in the first heat exchange module other than the first pass and the second pass and in some flat tubes located in a second heat exchange module, and a fourth pass disposed in the remainder of the flat tubes located in the second heat exchange module and along which a refrigerant supplied from the third pass flows in an opposite direction to a direction of the third pass.

Abstract: A microchannel heat exchanger has an upper portion connected in fluid communication with a header, a lower portion connected in fluid communication with the header at a location that is vertically lower on the header than the upper portion, and a sight glass on the header. The sight glass can be horizontally aligned with a top of the second portion. The sight glass can be served as a visual aid when charging the microchannel heat exchanger with a refrigerant at a predetermined level. When an indicator indicates that refrigerant is mixed vapor and liquid, refrigerant can be added into the microchannel heat exchanger. When the indicator indicates that the refrigerant is liquid, the charging process can be stopped.

Abstract: A refrigeration unit and methods of operating a refrigeration unit for an HVACR system are disclosed. The refrigeration unit includes a refrigerant circuit, including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, and an evaporator fluidly connected. The condenser includes a condenser portion and a subcooler portion. A single receiver tank is fluidly connected to an output of the condenser portion and an input of the subcooler portion. A restrictor is fluidly connected to the receiver tank. The restrictor can induce a pressure drop in a working fluid flowing from the subcooler portion.

Abstract: A heat exchange system includes an outdoor heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a compressor, an expansion valve, a capillary tube, and a cooling jacket. The compressor is provided on a first path that is one of two paths connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger, and the expansion valve, the capillary tube and a check valve are provided on a second path of the two paths connecting the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger that is opposite to the path on which the compressor is provided. The cooling jacket for cooling an object to be cooled is provided between the expansion valve and the capillary tube.

Abstract: A refrigerant evaporator includes a plurality of vertically disposed flat tubes, and a refrigerant distribution and supply section that causes inflowing refrigerant to flow out to the plurality of flat tubes on a downstream side. The refrigerant distribution and supply section includes a refrigerant supply section having plural supply spaces, a refrigerant introduction and distribution section having an introduction space to introduce the inflowing refrigerant from a lower end side surface, and a distribution space to distribute the refrigerant, and plural connecting passages that guide the refrigerant to the supply spaces. A first flat tube communicating with a lowermost-tier supply space positioned on the lowermost side is disposed at a height position included in a height range of the introduction space, and a lowermost-tier connecting passage that guides the refrigerant to the lowermost-tier supply space is disposed at a position higher than the introduction space.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus can suppress occurrence of disproportionation (an autolytic reaction) when HFO1123 refrigerant or a refrigerant mixture containing HFO1123 is applied. The air-conditioning apparatus includes a controller controlling at least one of an operation frequency of a compressor, an opening degree of an expansion valve, and an air amount of a fan sending air to a heat-source-side heat exchanger so that a temperature and a pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor do not exceed threshold values.

Abstract: An axial-flow blower arrangement for the condenser (28) of a roof-mounted air conditioning installation including two evaporator units (3, 4) and a condenser unit (2) arranged between them comprises at least two blower modules (1), each of which has a box-shaped downwardly open hood (10) which has a cover wall (12) and walls (14, 15, 16, 17) which in the mounted condition extend downwardly from the cover wall and which together with the cover wall enclose an air suction chamber (26), out of which an axial-flow blower (23) mounted under the cover wall sucks air and discharges it into the atmosphere through an air outlet opening (20).

Abstract: A method is disclosed for producing a heat exchanger having at least one heat transfer surface, wherein the heat is used in a thermodynamic process that uses a fluid that is condensed, expanded, evaporated, and compressed in a cycle process. The area of the heat transfer surface may be dimensioned with respect to a minimum surface area measurement of the heat transfer surface, the minimum surface area measurement being required at least for transmitting a minimum heat quantity to the fluid used with the heat exchanger in order to prevent a condensation of the fluid before, during, and after the compression process. The area of the heat transfer surface may be dimensioned based on a correlation between the molar mass of the fluid and the minimum surface area measurement of the heat transfer surface.