Abstract: A heat pump apparatus includes a liquid refrigerant flow control valve connected in fluid communication between a condenser and evaporator. The liquid flow control valve includes a refrigerant outlet tube connected in fluid communication with an expansion orifice and extends in thermal contact with an upper portion of the valve housing for controlling condensing of vapor refrigerant within the housing to thereby stabilize refrigerant flow. A float, movably positioned within the housing, cooperates with the expansion orifice for controlling a flow of refrigerant passing from the housing to the evaporator based upon a level of liquid refrigerant within the housing. When a large amount of vapor refrigerant arrives at the liquid flow control valve as a result of a control oscillation or system disturbance, the float moves downwardly, thereby reducing flow through the expansion orifice, cooling the outlet tube and causing vapor to condense more quickly in the housing.

Abstract: A parallel flow heat exchanger is provided having two spaced apart header tubes and a plurality of parallel flow tubes which extend between the header tubes. Prior to passing assembled components of the heat exchanger through a brazing furnace, various external components such as flow fittings and mounting brackets are secured to one of the header tubes by a snap-on brackets which are integrally formed into the external components. Each of the snap-on brackets has a central body portion with a brazing clad, concave contact surface for fitting flush against a side of one of the header tubes. A pair of arms extend from one side of the central body portion, symmetrically spaced apart about a central axis of the snap-on connector for fitting around ribs formed by the edges of the header tubes. Tips are formed on the ends of the arms. The tips have tapered side surfaces which face inward, toward the other arms, for spreading the arms apart as the arms are pressed onto the ribs of the header tube.

Abstract: For a collector of a condenser of a vehicle air conditioner, an insert is provided which can be inserted into the collector and which is composed of two parts. One part contains a filter screen, whereas the other part is an extension part bridging the distance from the first part to the cover of the collector. This arrangement provides for production of the collector in a particularly economic manner and minimizes disposal problems.

Abstract: A receiver (4) is provided in a main line (9a) and a bypass passage (4a) having an open/shut-off valve (SV) is provided for introducing gas refrigerant in the receiver (4) into a low-pressure liquid line. A motor-operated expansion valve (5) is fully closed, the open/shut-off valve (SV) is opened, and then defrosting operation is executed. At the initial stage of the defrosting operation, the open/shut-off valve (SV) is closed. When a discharge-pipe temperature Td drops to or below a specified temperature, the open/shut-off valve (SV) is closed. When the discharge-pipe temperature Td rises to or above a specified temperature, the motor-operated expansion valve (5) is once opened to a specified opening. When defrosting operation is completed, the open/shut-off valve (SV) is opened in a heating cycle and the motor-operated expansion valve (5) is gradually opened.

Abstract: An aluminum header has spaced inlet and outlet ports formed thereon to closely interfit inlet and outlet tubes. A U-shaped standpipe has one end swaged in the outlet port and the opposite end spaced adjacent the header surface to control flow into the standpipe. A permeable dessicant filled pouch is folded over the standpipe and a deep drawn aluminum canister is received over the pouch and standpipe and welded to the header. An inlet tube with a convolution is received in the inlet port and header material deformed over the convolution to retain the tube. A separate outlet tube with a convolution adjacent one end is inserted in the outlet port from the side opposite the standpipe and header material deformed over the convolution to retain the tube in the outlet port. A bleed hole for lubricant is formed in the standpipe and a filter cartridge received over the standpipe and located over the bleed hole.

Abstract: A refrigeration system, particularly for controlling the temperature of an environment, and presenting a compressor; a condenser; a laminating thermostatic valve; an evaporator; an evaporation pressure control valve interposed between the outlet of the evaporator and an inlet of the compressor; an economizer in turn presenting a laminating orifice downstream from the condenser, and a flash tank with an inlet communicating with the orifice, a liquid-phase outlet connected to the thermostatic valve, and a gaseous-phase outlet connected to an intermediate inlet of the compressor; and a tapping valve interposed between the outlet of the compressor and the flash tank, and which is opened when the pressure in the flash tank falls below a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A square shaped upper side level difference and a squarely annular lower side level difference part are provided on a reverse arc shaped recess part formed in the modulator, and a second through hole is provided so as to bore through the lower side level difference part. By this arrangement, in brazing the modulator to an arc shaped projection part formed on the right side header, heated and melted brazing material can intensively flow into the surface contacting part between the surface of the upper side level difference part and the surface of the projection part and between the surface of the lower side level difference part and the surface of the projection part. As a result, the right side header and the modulator can exactly be brazed and therefore there is no possibility of the occurrence of defective brazing around the second through hole.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved refrigeration subcooler comprising an accumulator and receiver apparatus for use in a refrigeration unit or heat pump. Specifically, the present invention relates to a subcooler that requires less refrigerant and is operable at lower operating pressures than conventional subcoolers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an energy converter for transferring thermal energy from a low heat source to a high heat source using a mixed medium for the purposes of increasing thermal energy transfer efficiency. The present invention improves performance of an evaporator and a condenser, reduces production cost of the device, improves performance over a wide range even with partial loads, and provides a highly efficient and polyfunctional energy converter having function as a refrigerator and a heat pump with one cycle, and function as a generator.

Abstract: A receiver drier includes a case having one open end and a closed end, and a cover member fixed to the open end of the case by welding to close the open end. A liquid refrigerant suction pipe is arranged in an inner space of the case and extends from a position which is located near to the open end of the case toward an inner portion of the case. A liquid refrigerant inlet hole for introducing a refrigerant into the inner space of the case, a liquid refrigerant outlet hole for leading the refrigerant from the suction pipe to an out of the case, and a connecting passage for connecting the refrigerant outlet hole with one end of the suction pipe which is located near to the opening end of the case are provided in the cover member. The cover member is thinned with at least a portion thereof corresponding to the connecting passage being remaining.

Abstract: A receiver is joined integrally to a header or a condenser at the flat portions formed at joined surfaces thereof. A flat portion is formed by pressing on a portion (central portion) of a tank plate of a header which has a longer vertical length than a receiver. A rib is formed to extend in the lengthwise direction of the flat portion, and excess material at the time of pressing is absorbed by forming the rib, so that wrinkling does not occur.

Abstract: The module integrated type refrigerant condenser includes a roughly cylindrical right side header connected to the outlets of a plurality of condensing tubes and the inlets of a plurality of supercooling tubes, and a modulator directly connected to the right side header in the width direction of the core. By providing a partition part for dividing the second inner space into two gas-liquid separation chambers, the modulator is formed into a shape as if two roughly cylindrical pipe bodies were stacked up in the thickness direction of the core, and the width thereof is made shorter in comparison with a simple, cylindrical modulator.

Abstract: A communication chamber communicated with the downstream end of a condensing part is provided within a header. A gas-liquid separation chamber is provided beside the communication chamber for separating the refrigerant into gas and liquid phases. The height of this gas-liquid separation chamber is set to be smaller than that of the communication chamber to prevent the interference of the gas-liquid separation chamber with peripheral devices of a vehicle to facilitate the installation of the condenser. Further, a refrigerant introducing means is provided at a portion corresponding to a liquid refrigerant pool part at the lower part of the gas-liquid separation chamber within the partition part for introducing the refrigerant within the communication chamber into the liquid refrigerant within the gas-liquid separation chamber.

Abstract: In a condenser for a vehicle air-conditioning system having a pipe-rib block (10) provided on both sides with collecting pipes (13, 14) which are divided by means of partitions (17, 18) into an upper condensing portion for gaseous refrigerant and a lower supercooling portion for liquid refrigerant, there is disposed parallel to a collecting pipe (14) a collector (23), which is connected by a first connecting opening (24) to the condensing portion and by a second connecting opening (25) to the supercooling portion.

Abstract: A system for controlling operation of a refrigerating device which includes a refrigerant circuit (9) in which a compressor (1), a condenser (6), a receiver (4) for storing liquid refrigerant, a pressure-reducing valve (5), and an evaporator (9) are connected together, and a cycle changeover mechanism (2) for changing a refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant circuit (9) between forward operation and reverse operation, the refrigerating device being of such arrangement that the pressure-reducing valve (5) is positioned downstream of the receiver (4) during either one of the refrigerating cycles. The system prevents liquid back-flow to the compressor at the time of a cycle changeover, while allowing the refrigerating device to have accumulatorless construction. The top portion of the receiver (4) is connected to a liquid line on the downstream side of the pressure-reducing valve (5) through a bypass path (4a), and an on-off valve (SV) is provided in this bypass path (4a).

Abstract: A receiver/drier/filter assembly for a refrigeration system such as a vehicle air conditioner and having a canister containing desiccant welded to a header having an inlet and outlet port. A tubular elbow with an annular convolution adjacent one end is received in the inlet and outlet port with the convolution sealing against a resilient seal ring in each port. A bracket with generally oppositely disposed bent up flanges has an L-shaped slot in each flange. The bracket is attached to the header with each slot having one of the elbows received therein and the edges of the slot bearing against the annular convolution for retaining the elbow in the port. The opposite end of each elbow extends through the vertical portion of the L-shaped slot and is oriented generally radially with respect to the port by the sides of the bracket slot.

Abstract: The invention concerns a condenser for a refrigeration circuit through which a refrigerating fluid passes. The condenser comprises an array of tubes mounted between two header tanks and a reservoir connected to the condenser, the array comprising an upstream part for condensing the refrigerating fluid, and a downstream part for supercooling the condensed refrigerating fluid, all the condensed refrigerating fluid coming from the upstream part of the array being introduced into the downstream part, and the reservoir being connected to the outlet of the downstream part. The invention is particularly applicable to air-conditioning installations for automobiles.

Abstract: A two-way flow solenoid-controlled expansion valve and receiver assembly for a two-way flow heat transfer system employing a refrigerant comprises a receiver and a valve body mounted on the receiver having two inlet/outlet passages. Either one of the inlet/outlet passages may be connected to a heat exchanger that switches from a condensing mode to an evaporative mode on refrigerant flow reversal while the other of these passages is then connected to another heat exchanger that operates in opposite manner. The inlet/outlet passages are each adapted to receive refrigerant from a condensing heat exchanger and deliver same through a separate check valve to the receiver and a flow control valve arrangement including two flow control valves independently operated by a proportional solenoid is operable to route and regulate refrigerant flow from the receiver to the other inlet/outlet passage that is connected to the heat exchanger that is then in an evaporative mode.

Abstract: A receiver/drier for fluid refrigerant having the housing formed of an aluminum header with a centrally disposed outlet port and off-center inlet port welded to an aluminum canister. A header sub-assembly is formed with an outlet tube with one attached to the header outlet port. A basket with a perforated bottom is filled with desiccant and the open end is attached to the header with the outlet tube ending through an aperture in the bottom of the basket. A layer of filter material is disposed adjacent the perforated bottom of the basket, the inner face of the header has plural concentric grooves interconnecting the inlet port and another layer of filter material disposed adjacent the grooved face of the header; and these grooves distribute flow over the filter in the event of contaminant accumulations in the inlet. The basket is attached to the header to complete the header sub-assembly prior to welding of the header to the aluminum canister.

Abstract: Pulse width modulation is used to control the flow rate through a solenoid expansion valve in a refrigeration system using a dual evaporator, two-stage cycle. The refrigeration cycle includes a phase separator which receives two phase refrigerant from the low temperature evaporator and supplies liquid refrigerant to the pulse width modulated solenoid valve. A liquid level sensor is disposed in the phase separator, and a controller for controlling the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated solenoid valve is provided to receive input from the liquid level sensor. The liquid level sensor can be of the type which provides a continuously variable signal as a function of liquid level, or it can be a liquid level switch which controls valve duty cycle on the basis of whether the phase separator liquid level is above or below a set level. Alternatively, two liquid level switches can be provided.

Abstract: For use with a heat exchange system having a compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion device, and circulating refrigerant, an efficiency enhancing apparatus. Comprising the apparatus is a liquid refrigerant containing vessel having a refrigerant entrance and a refrigerant exit with the vessel positioned in the heat exchange system between the condenser and the evaporator. Included are means associated with said vessel for creating a turbulent flow of liquefied refrigerant.

Abstract: A receiver/dryer assembly for a refrigeration system formed of a drawn aluminum canister having desiccant material contained in a basket secured to an aluminum header welded to the canister. An inlet port is provided in the header and an outlet tube is received through the desiccant basket and is attached to a central outlet port in the header. An inlet tube has an annular convolution formed on one end with an apertured attachment block bearing against the convolution on one side to compress a seal ring on the opposite side for sealing the tube over the inlet port, and the block is fastened to the header with a cap screw. A pair of aluminum studs are welded to the outside of the canister and a retaining bracket received over studs and retained by nuts threaded on the studs.

Abstract: An air conditioner arrangement for a vehicle, especially a motor vehicle, having a condenser designed as a block of tubes and ribs with lateral collecting tubes on both sides. One of the collecting tubes forms a structural unit with a collector, which contains a dryer and has a cage-shaped sleeve in which dryer granulate is contained in a bag.

Abstract: A refrigerant receiver tank assembly having a refrigerant inlet flow path for receiving refrigerant from a condenser coil and a refrigerant outlet flow path for supplying refrigerant to an evaporator coil. The receiver tank assembly includes a tank and a manifold which define a closed space for holding a supply level of liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant inlet flow path includes an outlet opening in the closed space, and an inlet opening. The manifold defines the refrigerant outlet flow path, with the refrigerant outlet flow path having an inlet opening in the closed space, and first and second outlet openings. A pick-up tube is disposed in the closed space having a first end connected to the inlet opening of the refrigerant outlet flow path and a second end disposed below the level of liquid refrigerant in the closed space. A controllable valve is mounted on the manifold which selectively controls flow of refrigerant to a predetermined outlet opening of the refrigerant outlet flow path.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system having electrical control which controls the temperature in a served space via heating and cooling cycles using hot refrigerant gas from a refrigerant compressor. The refrigeration system has high and low pressure sides. The high pressure side includes a discharge manifold of the compressor, a condenser coil, a refrigerant receiver tank, and an evaporator coil associated with the served space. The low pressure side extends from the evaporator coil to a suction manifold of the compressor. A first controllable refrigerant flow path means is controlled by the electrical control to purge the condenser coil in response to predetermined system parameters, causing refrigerant trapped in the condenser coil to flow to the low pressure side of the system.

Abstract: The receiver dryer includes a cylindrical body with fluid inlet and outlet ports that allow fluid communication between the interior of the body and the refrigeration circuit. The body includes a concave section. The concave section extends downwardly of the bottom portion of the body. A fluid outlet pipe extends into the interior of the concave portion. Therefore, the receiver dryer can reduce the refrigerant volume in the refrigeration circuit without decrease of the refrigerating capacity, since the receiver dryer promotes separation of liquid and gaseous refrigerant. Thus, the receiver dryer can be made compact.

Abstract: A refrigerant receiver of elongated pipe 4 shape arranged in front of a refrigerant condenser 3. The receiver is of a dimension matched to that of the condenser, and has an inlet 34 for connection with the condenser section 13 and an outlet 38 for connection with a supercooler section 14. The receiver has inclined pipe portions 35 and 37 having inclinations to the horizontal direction, between which a bent portion 36 is arranged. No bubble is created in the refrigerant in the receiver irrespective of large values of the inclination of the receiver, thereby allowing only the liquid phase refrigerant to flow into the supercooler 14 from the outlet of the receiver 4.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a refrigerating system capable of cooling a compressor stably using a liquid injection circuit even when defrosting of an evaporator is performed using a gaseous refrigerant of high pressure. The refrigerating system comprises a compressor having a refrigerant discharge side and a refrigerant suction side; a condenser connected to the discharge side of the compressor; a receiver tank connected to a refrigerant outlet side of the condenser; an evaporator connected between a refrigerant outlet side of the receiver tank and the suction side of the compressor; a defrosting circuit which supplies a gaseous refrigerant obtained by gas-liquid separation in the receiver tank to the evaporator to defrost the evaporator; and a liquid injection circuit which supplies a liquid refrigerant obtained by gas-liquid separation in the receiver tank to a low pressure side in the interior of the compressor.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for a refrigeration circuit for condensing gaseous refrigerant and incorporating an integral refrigerant subcooler. The heat exchanger utilizes an oversized header communicating with the heat exchanger coils of sufficient volume to serve as a reservoir for condensed refrigerant eliminating the need for a separate receiver receptacle. Refrigerant subcooling occurs at the lower region of the receiver whereby the subcooler is automatically provided with liquified refrigerant from the condensing portion of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A quick cooling air conditioning system that uses a pressurized reservoir to preserve refrigerant in liquid form after the shutdown of air conditioning compressor. The quick air cooling is achieved by the vaporization of liquid refrigerant, supplied by refrigerant reservoir, at the startup of the conditioning system.

Abstract: A condenser is positioned in high-pressure refrigerant line of a cooling system. The condenser is formed of thermally-conductive material defining a closed reservoir for accumulating liquid refrigerant. An inlet receives the refirgerant flow from the high-pressure line and an outlet discharges the accumulated liquid refrigerant to an expansion valve. The conduit within the reservoir conducts the refrigerant flow from the inlet to a region of the reservoir above the outlet. The conduit is apertured to direct substantially all of the refrigerant flow against upper portions of the condenser, specifically against one side of the condenser. That side of the condenser is exposed to the flow of cold fluid mecium (typically air) produced by the system to condense a gaseous component of the refrigeration flow.

Abstract: A condenser of the type having a receiver tank formed integrally with the condenser has each of two opposed header tanks composed of a tube-receiving plate and a tank plate. The tank plate of one of the header tanks is formed of an extruded section member having a hollow portion forming a receiver tank and the extruded section member further has auxiliary passages. The tube-receiving plates of the header tanks are structurally independent so that formation of tube-receiving holes and application of cladding material can be performed for each tube-receiving plate, and a condenser having a plurality of flow paths can be constructed. In addition, if heat transfer between the hollow portion and the one header tank has a negative effect on the operation of the condenser, a heat insulating space is formed between the hollow portion and the one header tank for controlling heat transfer therebetween.

Abstract: A modulator in a coolant recirculation line for a refrigerating apparatus. The modulator is used for storing an excess amount of the coolant recirculated in the system. The modulator has a space extending vertically, upward and a bottom end connected to the recirculating line at a position downstream of a condenser, in such a manner that only a part of the coolant passed through the condenser is introduced into the modulator to compensate for variations in the amount of coolant needed for recirculation in the system. The modulator can be arranged in the middle of the heat exchanger, and defines therein a boundary between the liquid phase and the gas phase, for a separation of the gas from the coolant, so that the portion of the heat exchanger downstream of the modulator can operate as a super cooler.

Abstract: A transport refrigeration system having separate evaporator and condenser units, with the condenser unit being mountable in either a vertical or a horizontal orientation. The condenser unit includes a frame supporting a condenser coil, a compressor and a refrigerant receiver. The compressor is a dry sump compressor having a predetermined centerline, with the compressor being operable with said predetermined centerline in any orientation within 45.degree. of a vertical centerline through the compressor. The compressor is oriented on the frame such that when the frame is oriented for vertical mounting the predetermined centerline of the compressor defines a first angle of about 45.degree. with the vertical centerline, and when the frame is oriented for horizontal mounting the predetermined centerline of the compressor defines a second angle of about 45.degree. with the vertical centerline, with the first and second angles being on opposite sides of the vertical centerline.

Abstract: A split system ice-maker having a main unit, which houses the ice-making evaporators, and a remote unit, which houses an accumulator, a compressor and a condenser. At least two refrigeration lines are provided which connect the main unit to the remote unit. A four-way valve is located in the remote unit which directs the flow of refrigerant from the compressor to the condenser and then to the evaporator, during an ice-making mode, and additionally directs the flow of refrigerant directly to the evaporators during a harvest mode. The reversed flow in harvest mode briefly defrosts the evaporators, containing the ice-making grid, facilitating harvesting of the ice.

Abstract: A reciprocatory piston type compressor having a cylinder block provided with a plurality of cylinder bores in which a refrigerant gas drawn from a suction chamber is compressed and discharged toward a discharge chamber from which the compressed refrigerant gas is delivered to a refrigeration system. The compressor further having an injection gas passageway for introducing a refrigerant gas at a relatively high pressure therein from a liquid-gas divider of the refrigeration system, and a rotary valve element rotated with a drive shaft of the compressor for equivalently injecting the high pressure refrigerant gas into every cylinder bore at a selected time and the compression of the refrigerant occurs in each cylinder bore.

Abstract: An improved gas pumping recirculating refrigeration system is disclosed. A controlled pressure flash tank provides flash gas for forcing liquid refrigerant from a dump tank. A controlled pressure receiver receives liquid from the dump tank and recirculates it to an evaporator. The flash gas pressure in the flash tank is controlled by a pressure regulator valve connected between the controlled pressure flash tank and the controlled pressure receiver. The pressure regulator valve may set so that the flash gas in the flash tank is at the pressure needed to force liquid from the dump tank. Thereby, optimum refrigeration efficiency is achieved with very little energy waste.

Abstract: For use with a refrigeration system to increase cooling efficiency, between an outdoor condenser and an indoor evaporator, a refrigerant receiver-sub-cooler is provided including, immediately before the receiver-sub-cooler, but still within the high pressure liquid refrigerant portion of the system, a high flow, low pressure release check valve, having a generally flat backside refrigerant flow control element, that serves as an incremental expansion device to cool partially the high pressure liquid refrigerant before the refrigerant enters the traditional expansion device immediately prior to the indoor evaporator.

Abstract: A heat-pump refrigeration cycle is constructed using a compressor, a four-way valve, a water heat exchanger, a receiver, and air heat exchangers. The compressor draws in, compresses, and discharges refrigerant. The four-way valve switches a direction of refrigerant flow, and a water heat exchanger allows an exchange of heat between inflow refrigerant and water supplied from a water supply unit. The receiver stores liquefied refrigerant, and a parallel circuit of a plurality of air heat exchangers allows an exchange of heat between the inflow refrigerant and indoor air. The water heat exchangers are positioned at a location higher than the receiver, which, during the cooling operation, permits liquefied refrigerant generated at the water heat exchanger to run down into the receiver. This prevents the refrigerant from remaining in the water heat exchangers.

Abstract: A receiver tank includes a container extending vertically along one of two spaced opposed header pipes of a condenser, a guide pipe extending from a lower end of the one header pipe into the internal space in the container and further extending upwardly within the container, the guide pipe having a number of perforations at an upper portion thereof for guiding a refrigerant into the container, and a refrigerant outlet pipe connected at a lower end portion of the container for discharging the refrigerant from the container. The guide pipe is inserted into the container from the bottom end thereof and guides the refrigerant from the condenser into an upper part of the container. The receiver tank having such guide pipe and container is easy to assembly. The refrigerant flows out from perforations formed at the upper portion of the guide pipe and then falls down toward the bottom of the receiver tank so that a vapor-liquid separation process can be performed efficiently.

Abstract: A condenser for a motor vehicle air conditioning system includes an inlet header and an outlet header with a plurality of baffles forming passages for connection to a plurality of parallel tubes to form a plurality of refrigerant flow passes through the condenser and a liquid refrigerant separator device, provided either as a refrigerant dehydrator receiver or as a subcooler tube, is connected across one of the baffles in the outlet header to direct high pressure liquid refrigerant in parallel flow relationship to the plurality of parallel tubes and wherein the separator device includes desiccant to dehydrate the refrigerant flowing through the condenser.

Abstract: A gas compressor includes a housing defining a compression chamber, a crankshaft having an eccentric surface radially offset from the axis of rotation of the crankshaft, an orbiting ring rotatably mounted on the eccentric for rotation about an axis offset from the shaft axis, a cylindrical post coaxial with the axis of the housing passages for carrying gas to and from the compression chamber, vanes movable radially with respect to the orbiting ring, and pressure sensitive valves that open exhaust passages from the compression chamber. The orbiting ring rotates in continual contact with the inner surface of the housing and the outer surface of the cylindrical post. Compression occurs within a first stage space and a second stage space, each space divided into compression chambers by the sliding vanes and contact between the ring and post or between the ring and housing.

Abstract: A heat-pump type cooling system is disclosed which can provide cooling immediately before the compressor begins to rotate. The system stores liquid refrigerant condensed from compressed high pressure vapor in a liquid container, and releases it, through a control valve, to an evaporator and a temporary vapor receiver, enabling the cooling power to be controlled independently of the rotation of the compressor, in accordance with the operation of the control valve and the evaporator.

Abstract: A condenser for a refrigerant circuit including a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator which are sequentially disposed is disclosed. The condenser includes a plurality of tubes having opposite first and second open ends, and a plurality of fins disposed between the plurality of tubes. First and second header pipes are fixedly disposed at the opposite ends respectively, and the open ends of the tubes are disposed in fluid communication with the interior of the header pipes. The first header pipe has an inlet which links the condenser to an external element of the circuit. The second header pipe includes a wall partitioning an interior of the second header pipe into first and second isolated cavities which are linked by a pipe member. An outlet union joint is linked to the second cavity. In operation, the refrigerant condenses to a mist as it passes through the condenser into the first cavity.

Abstract: This invention provides a multi-staged refrigeration system which includes a method for optimizing the energy used by measuring the energy used by the compressors and increasing the intermediate pressure if the energy decreases when increasing the pressure and decreasing the pressure if the energy increases when increasing the pressure.

Abstract: A refrigeration system is described in two preferred embodiments. In both embodiments, the refrigeration cycle includes a conventional compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator. The receiver is not in the loop normally. In one embodiment, a pressure differential valve diverts subcooled refrigerant to the receiver only in response to a predetermined difference in pressure between the saturation pressure caused by the ambient surrounding the condenser, plus spring pressure and the pressure within the line leaving the condenser. Refrigerant thus diverted is metered back into the suction side of the system. In a second embodiment, compressed gas exiting the compressor is diverted to the receiver responsive to a pressure differential between saturation pressure caused by condenser ambient plus spring pressure and the pressure within the receiver. The refrigerant thus diverted raises the pressure within the receiver which in turn drives liquid refrigerant back into the liquid line.

Abstract: A refrigeration system utilizes a small high speed centrifugal compressor driven by a directly coupled, high frequency, electric motor. The motor has a double-ended shaft which supports the rotors of low pressure and high pressure centrifugal compressor stages. The motor operates in the refrigerant atmosphere so as to eliminate the requirement for rotating shaft seals. High frequency power (3750 Hz) is supplied to the motor, which runs at 75,000 RPM. The system utilizes a novel flash intercooler between the compressor stages.

Abstract: A hot gas defrost refrigeration system has a compressor, a condenser, and an evaporator, interconnected by fluid passage means and incorporating valve means to cause refrigerant to flow sequentially through the compressor, condenser, and evaporator to the compressor during the refrigeration cycle. Refrigerant flow during the defrost cycle is from compressor to evaporator through the condenser to the compressor. The refrigeration system includes defrost passage means, including valve means, connecting the evaporator outlet to the condenser inlet and connecting the condenser outlet to the compressor inlet. A vessel is provided which combines the functions of receiver during refrigeration and superheater during defrost. During refrigeration liquid refrigerant flows from the condenser through the superheater/receiver to the evaporator. During defrost, the defrost passage means directs vaporous refrigerant from the evaporator through the superheater/receiver to the compressor.

Abstract: A liquid receiver arranged in such a manner that the upper portion of the tank body is arranged to have a large diameter, the lower portion of the same is arranged to have a small diameter, the overall body or the lower portion of the small-diameter portion is tapered off, and a desiccant charging portion is supported by a stepped portion created between the large-diameter portion and the small-diameter portion. Thus, the quantity of the storaged refrigerant can be reduced and the liquid level can be stabilized so that only the liquid refrigerant is allowed to flow and the work for assembling the desiccant charging portion can be performed easily.

Abstract: A refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a compressor, condenser, pressure-reducing device, evaporator, and gas-liquid separator between the pressure-reducing device and the evaporator. The gas-liquid separator separates a coolant from the pressure-reducing device into a liquid coolant and a gas coolant. A conduit between the gas-liquid separator and the evaporator supplies the separated liquid and gas coolant into the evaporator at a predetermined rate for controlling the quality of the coolant downstream of the gas-liquid separator, thereby attaining a super-cool condition of the coolant at the outlet portion of the condenser.