Abstract: A thickness of at least one preselected portion of a substrate, such as glass substrate for example, is controlled. A laser beam is directed to the at least one preselected portion of the substrate in a viscous state, thereby increasing a temperature and reducing a viscosity of the at least one preselected portion of the substrate in a viscous state sufficiently to cause the at least one preselected portion of the glass substrate to attain a desired thickness. The laser beam after it is generated can be directed to a reflecting surface from which the laser beam is reflected to the at least one preselected portion of the substrate in the viscous state. The substrate can comprise a glass ribbon produced in a downdraw glass forming process for example, and the laser beam can be directed onto a plurality of preselected portions of the glass ribbon.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for alignment of a glass member for high temperature processing are disclosed. The high temperature processing can, for example, pertain to a slumping process to mold glass into a predetermined shape (e.g., a three-dimensional shape). In one embodiment, a glass slumping system can have a mold and an alignment system that support a glass member to be slumped relative to the mold. The alignment system may have a plurality of alignment members being configured to move away from the glass member as the temperature increases during the slumping process to allow the glass member to bend around the mold without interference.

Abstract: An amorphous alloy contains 54 at % or more and 79 at % or less Re, 8 at % or more and 28 at % or less Ir, and 11 at % or more and 18 at % or less Nb. A molding die includes a release film composed of the amorphous alloy. A method for producing an optical element, the method including press-molding a glass preform with the molding die.

Abstract: The method produces a reshaped glass-ceramic article by forced reshaping of a flat green glass part during a ceramicizing process with temporarily lowered viscosity due to crystallization heat. To perform the forced reshaping economically the forced reshaping takes place in a continuous oven for ceramicizing and in an oven section in which the viscosity of the green glass part is temporarily lowered as a result of crystallization heat. An apparatus for performing the process is provided in the continuous oven including different active reshaping devices and/or a hollow mold. The method produces glass-ceramic articles with undamaged surfaces corresponding to surfaces produced during the making of the green glass part (smooth or structured, e.g. knobbed).

Abstract: A mold set includes: a first mold and a second mold placed so that they sandwich an optical material and face each other; and a first spacer and a second spacer provided between the first and second molds, wherein: the first spacer secures an interval between the first and second molds at a first temperature achieved in a process of pressurizing the optical material; the first spacer shrinks in a mold opening-closing direction more greatly than the second spacer while the first temperature is changing to a second temperature achieved in a process of cooling the optical material; and the second spacer secures the interval between the first and second molds at the second temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for shaping an elongated glass body 81, which is a glass tube or glass rod and has an initial profile, to an elongated glass body having a different profile. In order to be properly shaped, an elongated glass body 81 passes through, in a hot malleable state, a nip, which is formed by squeezing rollers 1 and which has a nip width which is less than an outer dimension of the initial profile. In order to accomplish an enhanced precision of the shaping process, according to the invention the position of at least one of the squeezing rollers is varied continuously so that a contact area between the respective squeezing roller and the hot glass body is varied cyclic reciprocating movement. Disturbing effects such as local overheating of the squeezing rollers or an accumulation of dirt or glass particles on the surface of the squeezing rollers can thus be effectively prevented.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a pair of dies that form each cylindrical surface, and a plane member that forms side surfaces of an element. The upper die and the lower die has a cylindrical surface which is worked so as to have generatrix which connects intersection points between a non-arc axis and a cylindrical section and between an arc center axis and the cylindrical section. The plane member is pressed against reference surfaces of the upper die and the lower die. In this state, a glass material is put between the upper die and the lower die, and a distance between the upper die and the lower die is decreased. As a result, the cylindrical surfaces of the upper die and the lower die and the plane of the plane member are transferred onto the glass material.

Abstract: A method of replicating at least one optical element is provided, the method including the steps of: providing a substrate with two large sides and at least one pre-defined replication site defined by a through hole or blind holes at corresponding locations on both large sides of the substrate; and adding, by replication, a replicated structure to the substrate, the replicated structure adhering to the substrate and having, at the replication site, replication material in the through hole or in the two blind holes, respectively and a first replicated surface and a second replicated surface, the first and second replication surfaces facing towards opposite sides.

Abstract: A forming mold made from a polyporous refractory material is provided for forming a glass piece. The forming mold includes an outer surface and a plurality of forming structures provided on the outer surface. Each of the forming structures includes a forming surface matching with a shape of the glass piece. The forming mold is structured and arranged to be pumped down from the outer surface to generated an absorption force on molten glass material provided at the at least one forming surface for sucking the molten glass material on the forming structure to form the glass piece.

Abstract: The present invention provide a fluorophosphate glass comprising 3 to 25 cation % of P5+, more than 30 cation % and 40 cation % or less of Al3+, 0.5 to 20 cation % of Li+ and 65 anion % or more of F? as glass ingredients, and having a liquid phase temperature of 700° C. or less. The fluorophosphate glass of the present invention has ultra low dispersibility and stability, and is preferably used for glass materials for press molding, optical element blanks and optical elements.

Abstract: A rod lens and methods for producing such a rod lens are disclosed. The rod lens and methods include a sealing glass and holder glass or a metallic holder that are heated so that only the sealing glass melts and forms a spherical cap to define a lens element joined to a light guiding element. A plurality of rod lenses may form an array arrangement.

Abstract: Raised features are formed on a transparent substrate having absorption of less than about 20% within a processing wavelength range. A portion of the substrate is irradiated with a light beam to increase the absorption of the irradiated portion of the substrate. Continued irradiation causes local heating and expansion of the substrate so as to form a raised feature on the substrate surface.

Abstract: A method of making a heat treated (HT) substantially transparent coated article to be used in shower door applications, window applications, tabletop applications, or any other suitable applications. Certain embodiments relate to a method of making a coated article including heat treating a glass substrate coated with at least layer of or including carbon (e.g., diamond-like carbon (DLC)) and an overlying protective film thereon. The protective film may be of or include both (a) an oxygen blocking or barrier layer, and (b) a release layer of or including zinc oxynitride (e.g., ZnOxNz). Following and/or during heat treatment (e.g., thermal tempering, or the like) the protective film may be entirely or partially removed.

Abstract: Provided is an optical element manufacturing method by which optical elements, such as a beam shaping element having a molded side surface, are highly efficiently and accurately manufactured by pressure-molding a molten glass drop. After supplying a lower molding die with the molten glass drop of a prescribed volume at a temperature higher than that of the molding die, the molten glass drop is pressure-molded by the molding die, and a free surface solidified without being in contact with the molding die is formed between a molded upper surface and the molded side surface. The volume of the molten glass drop to be supplied is 0.8 times or more but not more than 0.97 times the volume of a space configured by an extended molded upper surface, an extended molded side surface and the molded lower surface when the molded upper surface and the molded side surface are extended.

Abstract: An optical glass comprising, by mass %, 12 to 40% of SiO2, 15% or more but less than 42% of Nb2O5, 2% or more but less than 18% of TiO2, (provided that Nb2O5/TiO2 is over 0.6), 0.1 to 20% of Li2O, 0.1 to 15% of Na2O, and 0.1 to 25% of K2O, and having an Abbe's number ?d of 20 to 30, a ?Pg,F of 0.016 or less and a liquidus temperature of 1,200° C. or lower.

Abstract: A method of making a glass lenticular array is provided. The method comprises: heating a sheet of glass, the sheet of glass comprising contact regions located thereupon in substantially parallel linear rows; and deforming the heated sheet of glass by contacting the contact regions with a forming body so as to form a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the heated sheet of glass, the plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged in substantially parallel rows with depressed regions between adjacent cylindrical lenses. The depressed regions are formed at the contact regions while apex regions of the cylindrical lenses are kept untouched during the step of deforming.

Abstract: A lamp has an LED, a base, and a reflector. The base is rigidly connected to the LED and has a base contact surface. The reflector, which can be connected to the base, has a reflector contact surface, an entry opening, an exit opening, and a longitudinal direction (L) that runs from the exit opening to the entry opening. The reflector contact surface is arranged in the longitudinal direction (L) between the entry opening and the exit opening, and the base contact surface abuts the reflector contact surface. Thus, movement of the base and/or reflector towards each other is prevented when the reflector is connected to the base. The reflector is formed in such a way that a projection of the reflector contact surface in the longitudinal direction (L) of the reflector is free of undercuts.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for a mold die comprising: making design data for a molding surface based on predetermined prescription information; creating the molding surface in accordance with the design data; specifying error amounts at first and second corresponding points defined on the created molding surface respectively corresponding first and second reference points; defining a first correction surface based on an error amount specified at the first corresponding point; of defining a second correction surface based on the first correction surface and an error amount specified at the second corresponding point, wherein the second correction surface has no power at the first corresponding point; combining a design surface by the design data, the first correction surface and the second correction surface, and corrects the design data based on combined data after the combining; and creating the molding surface in accordance with the corrected design data.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a glass composition and articles made from the composition that are both polarizing and photorefractive. The glass has, for example, a composition consisting essentially of, in weight percent (“wt. %”) of 70-73 SiO2, 13-17% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO, <0.4% Cl, 0.1-0.5% Ag, 0.1-0.3% Br. In another embodiment the composition consists essentially of 70-77% SiO2, 13-18% B2O3, 8-10% Na2O, 2-4% Al2O3, 0.005-0.1% CuO, <0.4% Cl, 0.1-0.5% Ag, 0.1-0.3% Br. The glass can be used make articles or elements that can exhibits both the photorefractive effect and the polarizing effect within a single element or article, and can be used to make a variety of optical elements including Bragg gratings, filtering elements, and beam shaping elements and light collection elements for use in display, security, defense, metrology, imaging and communications applications.

Abstract: A source material, which is based on a glass, is arranged on a working surface of a mold substrate. The mold substrate is made of a single-crystalline material. A cavity is formed in the working surface. The source material is pressed against the mold substrate. During pressing a temperature of the source material and a force exerted on the source material are controlled to fluidify source material. The fluidified source material flows into the cavity. Re-solidified source material forms a glass piece with a protrusion extending into the cavity. After re-solidifying, the glass piece may be bonded to the mold substrate. On the glass piece, protrusions and cavities can be formed with slope angles less than 80 degrees, with different slope angles, with different depths and widths of 10 micrometers and more.

Abstract: A glass base material elongating method of elongating a glass base material to make a diameter of the glass base material smaller by connecting a pulling dummy at an end of the glass base material and then gripping and pulling the pulling dummy with a pair of rollers that grip or release the pulling dummy is provided. The method includes forming a rough surface part on the pulling dummy before elongating the glass base material. The rough surface part may be formed by grinding the pulling dummy. Also, the rough surface part of the pulling dummy may have a roughness of 5 ?m or more.

Abstract: A bent glass sheet shaping method which is capable of reducing occurrence of visibility distortions and a bent glass sheet with reduced visibility distortions. A glass sheet is heated to a shapeable temperature, a cover material is mounted onto a press die such that a direction of waves in the cover material is diagonal to a direction of distortions in the glass sheet, and the heated glass sheet with the press die is pressed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a glass material for press forming providing an optical element having a sufficient optical performance without surface cracks, cloudiness, scratches, and the like even when the glass material contains a highly reactive component. Also disclosed are an optical element having a sufficient optical performance without surface cracks, cloudiness, scratches, and the like and a method for manufacturing the same. Specifically disclosed is a glass material for press forming which comprises a core portion composed of multicomponent optical glass and a surface glass layer covering at least a region serving as an optical functional surface of the core portion. The surface glass layer contains more than 90 mass % of SiO2, and the thickness of the layer is less than five nanometers. Also specifically disclosed is a method for manufacturing a glass optical element by heating the glass material and by press forming the softened glass material using a forming die.

Abstract: An optical glass, comprising, denoted as cation percentages: a content of Si4+ and B3+ (35 to 55); a combined content of La3+, Gd3+, and Y3+ (30 to 55), wherein Gd3+ is 5 to 20%; a content of Ti4+, Nb5+, Ta5+ and W6+ (7 to 20); Zr4+ (2 to 8); and Zn2+ (0 to 10); wherein a cation ratio of Zn2+ to Gd3+ is 0 to 0.80; a cation ratio of Gd3+ to Ti4+, Nb5+, Ta5+, and W6+ combined is 0.65 to 2.00; a cation ratio of Ta5+ to Ti4+, Nb5+, Ta5+, and W6+ combined is 0 to 0.30; a cation ratio of Ti4+ to Ti4+, Nb5+, Ta5+, and W6+ combined is 0.30 to 0.90; and a refractive index nd is 1.890 to 1.950, and an Abbé number ?d of equal to or lower than 39.0, the Abbé number ?d satisfying a relation of ?d?(2.334-nd)/0.012 relative to nd.

Abstract: An optical glass that is an oxide glass and comprises, by cationic %, 20 to 40% of a total of Si4+ and B3+, 15 to 40% of a total of Nb5+, Ti4+, W6+ and Zr4+, 0.2 to 20% of a total of Zn2+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+, and 15 to 55% of a total of Li+, Na+ and K+, the cationic ratio of the content of B3+ to the total content of B3+ and Si4+ being 0.01-0.5, the cationic ratio of the content of Zr4+ to the total content of Nb5+, Ti4+, W6+ and Zr4+ being 0.05 or less, the molar ratio of the total content of Zn2+ and Ba2+ to the total content of Zn2+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+ being 0.8-1, the optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.815 or more and an Abbe's number ?d of 29 or less.

Abstract: A fluorophosphate glass containing: P5+ in an amount of 20 to 45 cationic %; Al3+ in an amount of 15 to 35 cationic %; Ba2+ in an amount of 20 to 50 cationic %; B3+ in an amount of 0 to 5 cationic %; F? in an amount of 20 to 50 anionic %; and O2? in an amount of 50 to 80 anionic %. A molar ratio of O2?/P5+ is greater than or equal to 3.5. In addition, a molar ratio of Al3+/P5+ is less than or equal to 1. In addition, the Abrasion FA is less than or equal to 600, or the Knoop hardness number is greater than or equal to 300 MPa. Furthermore, the Abbe number (?d) of the glass is larger than or equal to 66. Moreover, a refractive index (nd) of the glass satisfies an expression (1): nd?2.0614?0.0071×?d. Finally, the fluorophosphate glass does not contain Cu in an amount by which Cu serves as a coloring agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical element manufacturing method including a first step of fixing an optical material by exerting a first weight different from a self weight of an upper die on the optical material positioned in a cavity between the upper die and a lower die, a second step of thereafter heating and softening the optical material by introducing a heated gas to an inside of the cavity, and a third step of thereafter molding an optical element by exerting a second weight larger than the first weight on the optical material within the cavity.

Abstract: An optical glass comprising, by mol %, 0.1 to 40% of SiO2, 10 to 50% of B2O3, 0 to 10% of total of Li2O, Na2O and K2O, 0 to 10% of total of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO, 0.5 to 22% of ZnO, 5 to 50% of La2O3, 0.1 to 25% of Gd2O3, 0.1 to 20% of Y2O3, 0 to 20% of Yb2O3, 0 to 25% of ZrO2, 0 to 25% of TiO2, 0 to 20% of Nb2O5, 0 to 10% of Ta2O5, over 0.1% but not more than 20% of WO3, 0 to less than 3% of GeO2, 0 to 10% of Bi2O3, and 0 to 10% of Al2O3, the mass ratio of the content of SiO2 to the content of B2O3, SiO2/B2O3, being 1 or less, the optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.86 to 1.95 and an Abbe's number ?d of (2.36?nd)/0.014 or more but less than 38.

Abstract: Methods for ultrashort pulse laser processing of optically transparent materials. A method for scribing transparent materials uses ultrashort laser pulses to create multiple scribe features with a single pass of the laser beam across the material, with at least one of the scribe features being formed below the surface of the material. Slightly modifying the ultrashort pulse laser processing conditions produces sub-surface marks. When properly arranged, these marks are clearly visible with side-illumination and not clearly visible without side-illumination. In addition, a method for welding transparent materials uses ultrashort laser pulses to create a bond through localized heating. The ultrashort pulse duration causes nonlinear absorption of the laser radiation, and the high repetition rate of the laser causes pulse-to-pulse accumulation of heat within the materials.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating apparatus for glass-sheet-forming, which prevents formation of a heater distortion in a portion of a glass sheet facing to a temperature-distributing heat shield.

Abstract: A sheet glass that has a side surface with an average surface roughness equal to or less than 0.2 ?m is provided. Furthermore, a method of manufacturing a sheet glass is provided that includes processing a base-material glass sheet to obtain a sheet glass that has a side surface with an average surface roughness equal to or less than 0.2 ?m. Moreover, a method of manufacturing a sheet glass is provided that includes processing a base-material glass sheet so that an average surface roughness of a side surface becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value according to a section modulus of the sheet glass that is to be manufactured.

Abstract: An optical Glass characterized by comprising, denoted as molar percentages: B2O5—5 to 45 percent; SiO2—0 to 6 percent (excluding 6 percent); Li2O, Na2O, K2O in total—0 to 3 percent; ZnO—10 to 40 percent; La2O3. 5 to 30 percent; Gd2O3—1 to 20 percent; and ZrO2, TaO2, TiO2, Nb2O5, WO3, and Bi2O3 in total—2.5 to 20 percent. The cation ratio of the Ti4+ content relative to the total content of Zr4+, Ta5+, Ti4+, Nb5+, W6+, and Bi3+ is 0.30 or lower; in that the temperature Tp at which a viscosity of 107.2 dPa·s is exhibited is 706° C. or lower. The refractive index nd and the Abbé number v(nu)d satisfy all of the following relations (I) to (IV): 34.0?vd<40 (I); nd?1.87 (II); nd?2.245?0.01×vd (III) and nd?2.28?0.01×vd (IV).

Abstract: The lead-free and arsenic-free optical glasses have a refractive index of 1.83?nd?1.95 and an Abbé number of 24??d?35, good chemical resistance, excellent crystallization stability and a composition, in wt. % based on oxide content, of SiO2, 2-8; B2O3, 15-22; La2O3, 35-42; ZnO, 10-18; TiO2, 9-15; ZrO2, 3-10; Nb2O5, 4-10; and WO3, >0.5-3. Besides containing at most 5 wt. % of each of GeO2, Ag2O and BaO and conventional fining agents, they may also contain at most in total 5 wt. % of Al2O3, MgO, CaO, SrO, P2O5 and up to at most in total 5 wt. % of the components F, Ta2O5. The glasses are preferably free of alkali metal oxides, Bi2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3 and/or Yb2O3. Optical elements made from the optical glass are also described.

Abstract: An optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 (20 to 80 percent), SiO2 (0 to 30 percent), Li2O (1 to 25 percent), ZnO (0 to 20 percent), La2O3 (4 to 30 percent), Gd2O3 (1 to 25 percent), Y2O3 (0 to 20 percent), ZrO2 (0 to 5 percent), MgO (0 to 25 percent), CaO (0 to 15 percent), and SrO (0 to 10 percent), with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO+SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} being 0.4 or less.

Abstract: Fabrication method. At least first and second hardmasks are deposited on a substrate, the thickness and materials of the first and second hardmask selected to provided etch selectivity with respect to the substrate. A nanoscale pattern of photoresist is created on the first hardmask and the hardmask is etched through to create the nanoscale pattern on a second hardmask. The second hardmask is etched through to create the desired taper nanocone structures in the substrate. Reactive ion etching is preferred. A glass manufacturing process using a roller imprint module is also disclosed.

Abstract: A lens formed of a high-refractivity low-dispersion glass and free of fogging and scorching on its optical-function surface, which is obtained by precision press-molding of an optical glass having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.83, an Abbe's number (?d) of 40 or more and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 640° C. or lower and containing no Li2O and has one form of a meniscus form, a biconcave form or a plano-concave form.

Abstract: An optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 (20 to 80 percent), SiO2 (0 to 30 percent), Li2O (1 to 25 percent), ZnO (0 to 20 percent), La2O3 (4 to 30 percent), Gd2O3 (1 to 25 percent), Y2O3 (0 to 20 percent), ZrO2 (0 to 5 percent), MgO (0 to 25 percent), CaO (0 to 15 percent), and SrO (0 to 10 percent), with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO+SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} being 0.4 or less.

Abstract: In a molding apparatus in which upper and lower dies are held in a bearing, there are provided pipes for introducing N2 gas used for controlling temperatures of balls of the bearing, whereby difference in temperature between the guide member and the upper and lower dies is controlled. With this structure, it is possible to prevent generation of an excessive compressive force between the upper die and the lower die and the bearing, to thereby prevent breakage of the dies. Further, it is also possible to prevent formation of gaps between the upper die and the lower die and the bearing, to thereby mold an optical element excellent in accuracy of an optical axis.

Abstract: A press molding glass material including: a core portion composed of optical glass; and a surface layer covering the core portion, wherein the surface layer includes an outermost layer contacting with a molding surface of a molding die in press molding and an intermediate layer adjacent to the outermost layer, the outermost layer is a silicon oxide film having a surface free energy measured by a three-solution method of equal to or less than 75 mJ/m2 and having a film thickness of less than 15 nm, and the intermediate layer is a film composed of a film material having a bond-radius difference from a silicon oxide based on a stoichiometric composition of more than 0.10 ?, wherein, in a case in which the bond-radius difference is more than 0.10 ? and equal to or less than 0.40 ?, a film thickness of the intermediate layer is equal to or less than 5 nm.

Abstract: Provided are a process for the production of a precision press-molded article having a high transmittance a method of treating a glass to color or decolor the glass, the process comprising heat-treating a press-molded article containing at least one selected from WO3, Nb2O5 or TiO2 in an oxidizing atmosphere to produce a glass molded article, and the method comprising heat-treating a colored glass containing at least one oxide of WO3 and Nb2O5 in an oxidizing atmosphere to decolor the glass, or heat-treating a glass containing at least one oxide selected from WO3, Nb2O5 or TiO2 in a non-oxidizing atmosphere to color the glass.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical glass with a high refractive index and good precision press moldability, and a preform for precision press molding and an optical element that are comprised of the optical glass. The present invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an optical element, a lens unit being equipped with an optical element and an image pickup device being equipped with a lens unit.

Abstract: A method of molding a synthetic silica glass molded body by accommodating a synthetic silica glass block in a mold provided with a pressing portion, and by pressing the block while heating, the method including: washing the synthetic silica glass block so that a concentration of copper which is present on the surface of the synthetic silica glass block is 2 ng/cm2 or less; heating high purity carbon powders with a content of copper and aluminium; heating the mold at a temperature condition of 1700° C. to 1900° C.; applying the powders before accommodating the block in the mold; and molding the block in a predetermined form by pressing the block while heating within a hold temperature range of 1500° C. to 1700° C., after accommodating the washed block in the mold.

Abstract: An optical glass comprising, by mass %, 12 to 30% of total of B2O3 and SiO2, 55 to 80% of total of La2O3, Gd2O3, Y2O3, Yb2O3, ZrO2, Nb2O5 and WO3, 2 to 10% of ZrO2, 0 to 15% of Nb2O5, 0 to 15% of ZnO and 0% or more but less than 13% of Ta2O5, wherein the ratio of the content of Ta2O5 to the total content of La2O3, Gd2O3, Y2O3, Yb2O3, ZrO2, Nb2O5 and WO3 is 0.23 or less, the ratio of the total content of La2O3, Gd2O3, Y2O3 and Yb2O3 to the total content of B2O3 and SiO2 is from 2 to 4, the optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.86 or more and an Abbe's number ?d of 38 or more, and a rod-shaped glass shaped material and an optical element formed of the above optical glass each.

Abstract: An optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 (20 to 80 percent), SiO2 (0 to 30 percent), Li2O (1 to 25 percent), ZnO (0 to 20 percent), La2O3 (4 to 30 percent), Gd2O3 (1 to 25 percent), Y2O3 (0 to 20 percent), ZrO2 (0 to 5 percent), MgO (0 to 25 percent), CaO (0 to 15 percent), and SrO (0 to 10 percent), with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO+SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} being 0.4 or less.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a solid structure glass with a thin cross-sectional plane and a method for making the same. The solid structure glass includes an inner surface and an outer surface each combined of a curved surface, or at least two curved surfaces, or a curved surface and at least one flat surface, or at least two flat surfaces. As a result, the solid structure glass can easily be made with different shapes so as to be especially compatible with the form factor of products. Besides, the solid structure glass is made by heating a glass preform and a mold together into a forming temperature of the glass preform under condition that the glass preform is in a softened state.

Abstract: A method for printing a precision structure on the surface of a glass strip advancing continuously at a rate of at least 1 m/min, using an etching roller (27) applying a printing force against the surface to be etched, the structure to be produced including protruding and recessed regions which have radii of curvature, a preliminary thermal conditioning (26 and 32) being performed upstream of the etching roller; the thermal conditioning is designed to ensure a temperature of the strip (J) over the print thickness and a cooling (29) downstream of the etching roller (27) to ensure a controlled fixing of the structure; the method according to the invention making it possible to determine the parameters that are intimately linked for obtaining a particular structure, notably the print temperature, the printing force and the cooling rate, taking into account a degree of creep between the molding radius (R1) and the post-creep radius (R2).

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to optical glass, which is oxide glass comprising various cationic components in prescribed amounts without Pb, with a refractive index nd of 1.750 to 1.850, an Abbé number ?d of 29.0 to 40.0, and a glass transition temperature of less than 630° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for fabricating glass bump standoff structures of precise height, the method comprising providing oversized glass bumps on a glass substrate, providing a heat source to heat the bumps, positioning a substrate to be aligned on the oversized bumps, and reducing the height of the oversized bumps by a combination of manipulations comprising (1) softening the bumps by heating the bumps and (2) applying pressure to the substrate to be aligned.

Abstract: A fluorophosphate glass having a fluorine content of 25% or more by anionic %, which is produced from a glass raw material containing 0.1 to 0.5%, by anionic %, of a halide containing a halogen element selected from chlorine, bromine or iodine, and a phosphate glass having a fluorine content of less than 25% by anionic %, which is produced from a glass raw material containing 0.1 to 5%, by anionic %, of a halide containing a halogen element selected from chlorine, bromine or iodine.

Abstract: A method for forming shaped articles (28?) includes preparing a stack (26) having at least an adjacent set (27) of preformed material (28) and forming mold (30), where the preformed material (28) has an edge portion (34) that extends beyond a periphery of the forming mold (30), and the forming mold (30) has an external surface (32) with a desired surface profile of a shaped article. The stack (28) is heated. The stack (28) is advanced through a constriction (56) that has an internal surface configured to fold the edge portion (34) of the preformed material (28) into contact with the external surface (32) of the forming mold (30) as the edge portion (34) passes through the constriction (56), thereby forming a shaped article (28?) from the preformed material (28). The shaped article (28?) is then separated from the forming mold (30).