Abstract: A method of monitoring operation of a reactor system includes causing a chemical reaction to occur within an assembly of the reactor system, and measuring a chemical composition of one or more reactants of the chemical reaction with spatial resolution at a plurality of points along a path within the assembly using a sensor system structured to implement distributed sensing. The sensor system includes an optical fiber sensing member provided at least partially within the assembly, wherein the optical fiber sensing member comprises a functionalized optical fiber based sensor device structured to exhibit a change in one or more optical properties in response to changes in the chemical composition of the one or more reactants.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to semiconductor structures and, more particularly, to non-planar waveguide structures and methods of manufacture. The structure includes: a first waveguide structure; and a non-planar waveguide structure spatially shifted from the first waveguide structure and separated from the first waveguide structure by an insulator material.

Abstract: A sealed article and methods of making the same. The sealed article includes a first and second glass pane. The first and second glass panes include inner surfaces opposite outer surfaces and at least one outer edge. The second glass pane is spaced apart from and positioned substantially parallel to the first glass pane with a low emissivity layer there between. An seal is formed between the first and second glass panes contiguous the low emissivity layer.

Abstract: An OLED display device and a method for detecting and repairing packaging effects of the same are disclosed in order to improve the production yield of OLED display devices, which relate to the field of display technologies. The OLED display device includes a substrate, an OLED element and a packaging structure, a packaging cavity being formed between the packaging structure and the substrate, the OLED element being located within the packaging cavity. The OLED display device further includes a detection unit, the detection unit being located within the packaging cavity and having a chemical activity for oxygen not lower than that of the OLED element.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a laser sintering apparatus and a laser sintering method. The laser sintering apparatus includes a first laser head configured to output a laser beam at a first power level, a second laser head configured to output a laser beam at a second power level, and a driving device configured to drive the first laser head and the second laser head to move, so as to enable the first laser head and the second laser head to heat an identical region of a to-be-sintered material.

Abstract: A fertilizer derived from an organic source and a method of making are provided. The fertilizer of the present invention advantageously has a Nitrogen content greater than 4%. The method of making the fertilizer also produces potable water.

Abstract: The present invention provides an OLED package method and an OLED package structure. The method comprises steps of: providing a substrate (1) to be packaged, and a package cover plate (2); forming an inorganic protective frame (11) in a round at the edges of the substrate (1); manufacturing an OLED element (12) on the substrate (1) inside the inorganic protective frame (11); pasting a solid glue film (21) on the package cover plate (2); forming an adhesive (22) in a round on the package cover plate (2) corresponding to a location of the inorganic protective frame (11); oppositely attaching the substrate (1) and the package cover plate (2), and the substrate (1) and the package cover plate (2) are affixed together by the solid glue film (21) and the adhesive (22) to accomplish the package to the substrate (1) with the package cover plate (2).

Abstract: A sealing device and method are described herein that can be used to manufacture a hermetically sealed glass package. In one embodiment, the hermetically sealed glass package is suitable to protect thin film devices which are sensitive to the ambient environment (e.g., oxygen, moisture). Some examples of such glass packages are organic emitting light diode (OLED) displays, sensors, and other optical devices. The present invention is demonstrated using an OLED display as an example.

Abstract: When melting a glass layer 3 by irradiation with laser light L1 along a region to be fused R, the glass layer 3 is irradiated with the laser light L1 having a first heat input along the region to be fused R, so as to gasify a binder and melt a glass frit 2, and the heat input is switched when the melting ratio of the glass layer 3 in a direction intersecting an advancing direction of the laser light L1 exceeds a predetermined value, so as to irradiate the glass layer 3 with the laser light L1 having a second heat input smaller than the first heat input along the region to be fused R, thereby gasifying the binder and melting the glass fit 2, thus fixing the glass layer 3 to a glass member 4.

Abstract: A glass layer 3 is irradiated with laser light L2 for temporary firing in order to gasify a binder and melt the glass layer 3, thereby fixing the glass layer 3 to a glass member 4. Here, an irradiation region of the laser light L2 has regions A1, A2 arranged along an extending direction of a region to be fused R and is moved along the region to be fused R such that the region A1 precedes the region A2. The region A2 irradiates the glass layer 3 before the glass layer 3 molten by irradiation with the region A1 solidifies. This makes the glass layer 3 take a longer time to solidify, whereby the binder gasified by irradiation with the region A1 of the laser light L2 is more likely to escape from the glass layer 3.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a glass sealed body, a paste including powdered glass and a binder is discharged from an outlet whose shape is a closed curve to form a partition whose shape is a closed curve over a first glass substrate; the partition is heated so that the binder is volatilized and the powdered glass is fused to be a frit glass; and the frit glass and a second glass substrate are heated while disposing in close contact with each other, so that the frit glass and the second glass substrate are welded together to form a closed space by the frit glass, the first glass substrate, and the second glass substrate. A light-emitting element is sealed with the glass sealed body, so that the sealing is hardly broken even when impact or external force is applied.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for a pH sensor that comprises a substrate and an ion sensitive field effect transistor (ISFET) die. The ISFET die includes an ion sensing part that is configured to be exposed to a medium such that it outputs a signal related to the pH level of the medium. The ISFET die is bonded to the substrate with at least one composition of bonding agent material disposed between the ISFET die and the substrate. One or more strips of the at least one composition of bonding agent material is disposed between the substrate and the ISFET die in a first pattern.

Abstract: A low pressure air or vacuum glass and manufacturing method thereof, the low pressure air or vacuum glass comprising upper glass and lower glass; the upper glass and the lower glass are flat glass or convex glass; the peripheries of the upper glass and the lower glass are provided with an edge sealing bar frame and/or an edge sealing groove, and are welded together via a low temperature glass solder, thus forming a closed low pressure air layer or vacuum layer therebetween. The low pressure or vacuum glass is of simple manufacturing process, low cost, high production efficiency, reliable sealing connection, and good sealing effect.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a top plate hermetically attached to an upper opening of a tubular shaped container body for forming a processing container of a plasma processing apparatus is provided. The manufacturing method includes the steps of; preparing a top plate body comprised of a dielectric body for transmitting an electromagnetic wave, and having a gas ejection hole for ejecting a gas into the processing container; forming a discharge prevention member having a discharge prevention member body comprised of a dielectric body having a permeability, and a dense member comprised of a dielectric body without a permeability covering at least a side face of the discharge prevention member body; and attaching the discharge prevention member in the gas ejection hole of the top plate body.

Abstract: A glass composition comprising B2O3, Na2O, Al2O3, Li2O, TiO2, ZnO, Ta2O5, Nb2O3, BaO, ZrO2 and SiO2, and devoid of lead, bismuth, and vanadium. Pastes comprising the glass composition and devices including seals comprising such pastes are contemplated.

Abstract: When local heating by use of laser sealing or the like is applied, the bonding strength between glass substrates and a sealing layer is improved to provide an electronic device having increased reliability. An electronic device includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a sealing layer to seal an electronic element portion disposed between these glass substrates. The sealing layer is a layer obtained by locally heating a sealing material by an electromagnetic wave, such as laser light or infrared light, to melt-bond the sealing material, the sealing material containing sealing glass, a low-expansion filler and an electromagnetic wave absorber. In the first and second glass substrates, each reacted layer is produced to have a maximum depth of at least 30 nm from an interface with the sealing layer.

Abstract: A method of bonding a first silica part to a second silica part includes coating contacting surfaces of the first and second silica parts with a solution having one of silica and silica precursors. The coated surfaces of the first silica part are placed adjacent to the coated surfaces of the second silica part to form an assembly, and the assembly is heated.

Abstract: Provided is a heat-strengthened vacuum glass, comprising: a plurality of sheet glasses spaced apart by a predetermined interval; a plurality of spacers interposed between the sheet glasses to maintain the intervals between the sheet glasses; and a sealing material arranged along edges of the sheet glasses to seal and bond the sheet glasses. The heat-strengthened vacuum glass of the present invention has a surface compressive stress of 20 Mpa to 55 Mpa after the seal bonding of the sheet glasses, thus ensuring high thermal resistance, high strength, and, when damaged, high stability.

Abstract: An housing for electronic components, such as LEDs and/or FETs, is provided. The housing has a base body having an upper surface that at least partially defines a mounting area for an electronic functional element, such that the base body provides a heat sink for the electronic functional element. The base body has a lower surface and a lateral surface and includes a connecting body for the electronic functional element, which is joined to the base body a glass layer formed by an alkali titanium silicate glass.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to apparatuses for sealing the tips of pump-out tubes of vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units, and/or associated methods. In certain example embodiments, a laser source used in sealing the pump-out tube is thermally insulated from the VIG unit and emits a laser beam through one or more windows in an oven towards a mirror located therein. The mirror is located so as to redirect the laser beam onto the pump-out tube to thereby seal it. For instance, a substantially horizontal laser beam emitted from a laser source located outside the oven enters into the oven through one or more windows and is reflected by a mirror towards the pump-out tube to be sealed. The repositioning of the laser source advantageously can change its effective focal length and/or the location of the laser beam, e.g., because of the fixed location of the mirror.

Abstract: A sealing glass, a sealing material, and a sealing material paste, which suppress metal deposition by reducing glass components (metal oxides) without decreasing the reactivity with and the adhesion to a semiconductor substrate. The sealing glass, contains a low temperature melting glass containing, by mass ratio: from 0.1 to 5% of at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Nb, Hf, W, Re, a rare earth element, and optionally Mo; and from 5 to 100 ppm by mass ratio of K2O, wherein the low temperature melting glass has a softening point of at most 430° C. The sealing material device, contains the sealing glass and an inorganic filler in an amount of from 0 to 40% by volume ratio. The sealing material paste contains a mixture of the sealing material and a vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a vacuum glass component, wherein the vacuum glass component is formed by compounding two or a plurality of glass plates, and the peripheries of the two or a plurality of glass plates are sealed with each other through sealing part in air-tight manner, a gap remains between the sealing part and the edge of the glass plate, vacuum-pumping is performed between adjacent glass plates at the inner side of the sealing part, and the sealing part is isolated from the outer environment between adjacent glass plates at the outer side of the sealing part by filling seal gum, resin or plastic. The vacuum glass component make the outer side of the sealing part isolated from the outer environment by using seal gum, resin or plastic, thereby preventing the metal at the sealing part from forming a heat bridge and facilitating the later installation and use of vacuum glass component.

Abstract: A method for producing a package includes preparing a base substrate provided with a low-melting glass and a lid, defoaming the low-melting glass by heating the low-melting glass to a temperature equal to or higher than the pour point in a reduced pressure atmosphere, and joining the base substrate and the lid to each other by superimposing the base substrate and the lid on each other through the low-melting glass, and then heating the low-melting glass to a temperature equal to or higher than the pour point in a reduced pressure atmosphere.

Abstract: Broadband infrared radiation is used to heat and fuse an enamel paste to form an enamel seal between at least two solid substrates such as glass, ceramic or metal.

Abstract: To provide a process for producing a glass member provided with a sealing material layer, capable of forming a sealing material layer well even in a case where the entire glass substrate cannot be heated. A sealing material layer is formed by scanning and irradiating with a laser light 9 along a frame-form coating layer 8 of a sealing material paste on a glass substrate. The scanning speed with the laser light 9 in a finishing region from a position close to an irradiation finishing position which at least partially overlaps with an already fired portion of the frame-form coating layer 8 to the irradiation finishing position, is adjusted to be slower than the scanning speed with the laser light in a scanning region along the frame-form coating layer 8.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for welding one end of a primary preform and one end of a silica bar having different properties. The method includes the steps of projecting and fusing silica grain under a plasma torch onto an end of the primary preform and an end of the silica bar, and bringing into contact these respective ends to form an excellent weld between the primary preform and the silica bar. The invention provides a cost-effective way to secure a primary preform to a glass-working lathe support while reducing the risk of costly preform breakage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hermetically sealed container offering a strength and airtightness which are reliable over time. A joining member having a viscosity with a negative temperature coefficient, having a softening temperature lower than those of a pair of glass substrates and a frame member, and extending into a frame shape is arranged between one of the pair of glass substrates and the frame member so that the joining member contacts both the one of the pair of glass substrates and the frame member. Then, the joining member is heated and thermally melted while being pressed so that the center G of an incoming heat flux distribution in the width direction of the joining member is positioned at an inner space E rather than the center of the joining member in the width direction thereof.

Abstract: A method for making a vacuum insulated glass window assembly is provided in which an amount of wet frit material is applied to a lower portion of a pump-out tube prior to insertion of the tube into a hole formed in a glass substrate of the VIG window assembly. The tube is then inserted into the hole, frit paste end first. An amount of frit may overflow the hole and form a bump/shoulder of frit material proximate the area of the hole on an outer surface of the glass substrate. Applying the fit to the tube prior to insertion and at a lower portion thereof reduces the amount of and/or avoids residual frit being deposited in an area of the tube that might significantly interfere with subsequent sealing processes, such as, for example, laser sealing of the pump-out tube.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to edge sealing techniques for vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units. More particularly, certain example embodiments relate to techniques for providing localized heating to edge seals of units, and/or unitized ovens for accomplishing the same. In certain example embodiments, a unit is pre-heated to one or more intermediate temperatures, localized heating via at least one substantially two-dimensional array of heat sources is provided proximate to the peripheral edges of the unit so as to melt frits placed thereon, and cooled. In certain non-limiting implementations, the pre-heating and/or cooling may be provided in one or more steps. An oven for accomplishing the same may include multiple zones for performing the above-noted steps, each zone optionally including one or more chambers.

Abstract: Provided are a long-life light emitting device less likely to degrade luminescence properties over time, a method for manufacturing the same, and a cell for a light emitting device used for the same. A light emitting device 1 includes a cell 10 and a luminescent material encapsulated in the cell 10. The cell 10 includes a pair of glass sheets 12 and 13 and a glass-made fused part 14a. The pair of glass sheets 12 and 13 are disposed to face each other with a space therebetween. The fused part 14a is disposed between respective peripheral portions of the pair of glass sheets 12 and 13. The fused part 14a is fused to each of the pair of glass sheets 12 and 13.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to edge sealing techniques for vacuum insulating glass (VIG) units. More particularly, certain example embodiments relate to techniques for providing localized heating to edge seals of units, and/or unitized ovens for accomplishing the same. In certain example embodiments, a unit is pre-heated to one or more intermediate temperatures, localized heating (e.g., from one or more substantially linear focused IR heat sources) is provided proximate to the peripheral edges of the unit so as to melt frits placed thereon, and cooled. In certain non-limiting implementations, the pre-heating and/or cooling may be provided in one or more steps. An oven for accomplishing the same may include multiple zones for performing the above-noted steps, each zone optionally including one or more chambers.

Abstract: Disclosed are a vacuum glass panel and a manufacturing method of the same. The vacuum glass panel according to the present invention includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate facing the first glass plate with a vacuum space therebetween, an edge of the second glass plate being in contact with the first glass plate, and a plurality of spacers disposed between the first glass plate and the second glass plates to separate the first glass plate and the second glass plate from each other. The plurality of spacers are formed of a glass including alumina (Al2O3) particles and silica (SiO2) particles.

Abstract: The present invention describes a new method for creating hybrid edge seals using metal, alloy, powder coated metal and other conductive surfaces in between two substrates. The methods utilize various materials, seal designs, and geometries of hybrid seals based on polymeric powder coatings and glass powder coatings.

Abstract: A method for forming a fritted cover sheet includes providing a substrate and depositing an initial frit bead on the substrate. Thereafter, at least one additional frit bead is deposited on the substrate such that a base of the at least one additional frit bead contacts a base of an adjacent frit bead thereby forming a frit seal on the substrate.

Abstract: A sealing material paste and a process for producing an electronic device are provided, which realize suppressing with good reproducibility generation of bubbles in a sealing layer when a rapid heating-rapid cooling process with a temperature-rising speed of at least 100° C./min is applied to seal two glass substrates together. The sealing material paste, wherein the amount of water is at most 2 volume %, is applied on a sealing region of a glass substrate 2, and such a coating film 8 is fired to form a sealing material layer 7. The glass substrate 2 is laminated with another glass substrate via a sealing material layer 7, and they are heated with a temperature-rising speed of at least 100° C./min to be sealed together.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a deco glass panel, and a deco glass panel using the same. The method includes a pattern forming step of applying an adhesive onto a mother substrate of a glass panel in a prescribed pattern; applying glass powder onto the surface of the mother substrate of the glass panel having the adhesive applied thereonto; hardening the adhesive applied onto the glass panel by heating the glass panel in a state where the glass powder has been applied; heating the glass panel at a temperature lower than a melting point of the glass powder; welding the glass panel at a temperature higher than a melting point of the glass powder but lower than a melting point of the mother substrate of the glass panel; cooling the glass panel; and attaching a prescribed rear surface pattern on a rear surface of the glass panel.

Abstract: A glass pattern that can be used for a substrate provided with a material having low heat resistance and has increased productivity is provided. Further, a sealed body having high hermeticity and increased productivity is provided. Furthermore, a light-emitting device with high reliability including such a sealed body is provided. A glass sheet is used for a main portion of a glass pattern such as a straight line portion and a curved portion. In a joint portion of two glass sheets arranged in the corner portion, the straight line portion, or the like of the glass pattern, a frit paste is provided in contact with the glass sheets and is locally heated to remove the binder from the frit paste and to form a glass layer; thus, the glass sheets are fused to each other without any space provided therebetween.

Abstract: Durable hermetic seals between two inorganic substrates are produced using a high-intensity electromagnetic energy source, such as laser, to heat and seal enamel layers with controlled absorption of high-intensity energy source. Durable hermetic seals incorporating electrical feedthroughs are also produced.

Abstract: Glasses comprising Bi203, ZnO B203 and optionally a colorant including an oxide of a metal such as iron, cobalt, manganese, nickel, copper and chromium are suitable to form hermetic seals in solar cell modules, architectural glass windows and MEMS devices. Glass frit and paste compositions suitable for flow and bonding to various substrates—glass, metal, silicon, in the temperature range of 400-500 degrees Centigrade. The broad compositional range in mole % is 25-70% Bi203, up to 65% ZnO, and 1-70% B203. Such glasses do not have batched in alumina or silica. Such glasses lack alumina and silica.

Abstract: A vitroceramic glass composition consisting of SiO2, Al2O3, and CaO or of SiO2, Al2O3, CaO and SrO or of SiO2, Al2O3 and La2O3 is provided. In addition, a method and assembly of at least two parts using said composition is provided. Also, a gasket and assembly obtained by this method as well as a high temperature electrolyzer (HTE) or solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) comprising this gasket or this assembly are provided.

Abstract: It arranges a bonding material between a pair of base materials having different heat capacities and in which a difference between thermal expansion coefficients thereof is within 10×10?7/° C.; and bonds the pair of the base materials by the bonding material, by irradiating electromagnetic wave to the bonding material to melt and then harden it, wherein a thermal expansion coefficient at part of the bonding material facing one of the pair of the base materials of which the heat capacity is smaller is smaller than a thermal expansion coefficient at part of the bonding material facing the other of the pair of the base materials of which the heat capacity is larger by a difference within 10×10?7/° C., thereby bonding the base materials of which a difference of thermal expansion coefficients is relatively small, as preventing breakage and crack from occurring and further suppressing a degree of warp.

Abstract: To easily bond substrates even made of materials whose linear expansion coefficients are different from each other when manufacturing an optical component used by transmitting light through an inside thereof. Buffer layers made of an amorphous inorganic substance causing a brittle fracture are formed on bonding surfaces of a plurality of substrates having linear expansion coefficients different from one another, and the substrates to be bonded are stacked so that the buffer layers are faced to each other. Then, a heat treatment is performed for a stack, and thereby direct bonding via an atom is formed between the buffer layers.

Abstract: Manufacturing method of grinding surface on glass cosmetics, in particular the nail and skin file, from flat glass of FLOAT type, is carried out by marking at least one abrasive surface on one or two sides of a glass pane or intermediate product. This surface is then coated with fusing glue, powdered with clean quartz sand with grain size between 1 and 500 ?m using a sieve, and the surplus sand is knocked-down. The intermediate product with fixed sand is inserted into the fusing furnace where it is baked at the temperature of up to 900° C. The abrasive surface may be roughened by sand blasting before the fusing glue application; the intermediate product coated with fusing glue can be decorated with glass fritte.

Abstract: Disclosed are an integrated lower-plate glass and a manufacturing method of a vacuum multi-layer glass including the same.

Abstract: When local heating by use of laser sealing or the like is applied, the bonding strength between glass substrates and a sealing layer is improved to provide an electronic device having increased reliability. An electronic device includes a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate, and a sealing layer to seal an electronic element portion disposed between these glass substrates. The sealing layer is a layer obtained by locally heating a sealing material by an electromagnetic wave, such as laser light or infrared light, to melt-bond the sealing material, the sealing material containing sealing glass, a low-expansion filler and an electromagnetic wave absorber. In the first and second glass substrates, each reacted layer is produced to have a maximum depth of at least 30 nm from an interface with the sealing layer.

Abstract: A luminescent glass comprises glass matrix. Said glass matrix comprises a glass part and a complex part of glass and fluorescent powder, which is embedded in said glass part. Said complex part of glass and fluorescent powder comprises glass material and fluorescent powder dispersed in said glass material. Said fluorescent powder is of cerium-doped terbium aluminum garnet series. A method for producing the luminescent glass and a luminescent device comprising the luminescent glass are also provided. The luminescent glass and the luminescent device have good luminescence reliability, high luminescence stability and long service life. The method can be carried out at a relatively low temperature.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a light-emitting-element mounting substrate includes a step of applying a glass paste using powder of a glass material having a softening point higher than a softening point of a glass component contained in a glass-ceramic green sheet and lower than a melting point of silver so as to cover a conductor paste which is applied to a main surface of the glass-ceramic green sheet and consists of or consists primarily of silver; and a step of coating a metal layer obtained by heating them and sintering the conductor paste, with a transparent glass layer obtained by melting and then cooling the glass paste. By using the glass paste, the reaction of silver in the conductor paste with the glass component in the glass paste upon heating is suppressed, and the metal layer can be coated with the glass layer having high transparency.

Abstract: A method of making a vacuum insulating glass (VIG) unit. The method includes providing first and second substantially parallel spaced-apart glass substrates, a glass frit being provided at least partially between the first and second glass substrates for sealing said one or more edge portions to be sealed; and irradiating infrared energy towards the one or more edge portions to be sealed in forming an edge seal. The glass frit has a glass redox (FeO/Fe2O3) that is higher than a glass redox (FeO/Fe2O3) of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A glass composition, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of: a glass composition (A) with the following molar percentages: 70 to 76% of SiO2, 7 to 8% of B2O3, 5 to 6% of Al2O3, and 10 to 17% of Na2O; and a glass composition (B) with the following molar percentages: 63 to 76% of SiO2, 5 to 12% of ZrO2, 0 to 12% of B2O3, 0 to 2% of La2O3, 11 to 14% of Na2O, and 3 to 5% of K2O. The glass composition can be used in a method for assembling parts, in particular for a method of manufacturing high-temperature electrolyzers (HTEs) or high-temperature fuel cells (SOFCs).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a sealed structure with excellent hermeticity and a method of manufacturing a light-emitting device sealed with the sealed structure. In the methods of manufacturing a sealed structure and a light-emitting device using a glass frit layer, a first step of forming a buffer layer for preventing a crack generated in a substrate and the glass frit layer by laser light irradiation, a second step of forming the glass frit layer to overlap with the buffer layer over the substrate, and a third step of welding the substrates by irradiating the glass frit layer or the buffer layer with laser light are performed, whereby a sealed structure with high hermeticity and a reliable light-emitting device sealed with the sealed structure can be manufactured. By applying the method of manufacturing a light-emitting device especially to an organic EL element, a highly reliable light-emitting device can be obtained.