Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a glass container with which a glass container having a distinctively shaped inner space and excellent aesthetic appearance can be manufactured in good yield. The method for manufacturing a glass container includes steps (A) to (E). (A) A step of introducing a gob into a mold through a funnel. (B) A step of blowing air into the mold through the funnel, bringing a plunger disposed on a side opposite the side to which the funnel is fitted in contact with the gob, separating the plunger from the gob, and forming a recess on the surface of the gob. (C) A step of removing the funnel from the mold and fitting a baffle to the mold. (D) A step of blowing air from the plunger, and forming an inner space inside the gob with the recess as a starting point while simultaneously forming an outer shape by pressing the outer side of the gob to a molding surface of the mold to obtain a glass container of the final shape.

Abstract: A container extends along a longitudinal axis and includes a base, a body extending axially from the base, and a generally radially outwardly facing external surface having sharply outlined indicia. The indicia includes generally V-shaped depressions having outer slopes, inner slopes, and vertices connecting the slopes. A method of making the container is also disclosed.

Abstract: A substrate for a magnetic recording medium having a disc shape with a central hole is provided in which the surface roughness of the principal surface of the substrate is 1 angstrom or less in terms of root mean square roughness (Rq) when a space period (L) of an undulation in the circumferential direction is in the range 10 to 1,000 ?m, and in which when a component in the vertical axis direction of a line segment Z connecting a point A with the space period (L) of 10 ?m and a point B with the space period (L) of 1,000 ?m in a curve S marked on a double logarithmic graph which is obtained by analyzing the surface roughness using a spectrum and in which the horizontal axis is set to the space period (L) (?m) and the vertical axis is set to the power spectrum density (PSD) (k·angstrom2·?m) (where k is a constant) is defined as H and a displacement at which the component in the vertical axis direction of the curve S is the maximum with respect to the line segment Z is defined as ?H, a value (P) expressed by (?

Abstract: Methods of making a stub lens element and assemblies for coherence tomography (OCT) applications are disclosed. The method of making the stub lens element includes drawing a rod of optical material and processing the drawn rod to form a lens integrally connected to a stub section. The methods also include operably supporting an optical fiber and a stub lens element in a cooperative optical relationship to form a stub lens sub-assembly. The methods also include operably supporting the stub lens sub-assembly and a light-deflecting member in a cooperative optical relationship to form a probe optical assembly that has a folded optical path.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a plate member including preparing a base plate member having main faces, and performing etching by immersing at least part of the base plate member in an etching liquid while controlling a lowering speed of a liquid surface of the etching liquid on the main faces of the base plate member to a desired lowering speed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical glass element, comprising: annealing a press-molded product obtained by press molding into a lens shape a glass material comprised of a core portion comprised of an optical glass (first glass) with a transition temperature of 550° C. or higher and a covering portion comprised of a second glass covering the surface of said core portion; and then removing the covering layer from the surface of the press-molded product to obtain an optical glass element. To provide a method for manufacturing high-optical-performance mold-pressed lenses in which the defective external appearance of optical elements comprised of high-temperature glass materials with a Tg of 550° C. or higher is prevented.

Abstract: A method for producing a polarizing element includes: forming particulate materials of a metal halide on a glass substrate; forming a protective film that covers the particulate materials in a non-plasma environment; stretching the particulate materials by heating and stretching the glass substrate; and forming acicular metal particles by reducing the metal halide constituting the stretched particulate materials.

Abstract: A system and method for providing component based glass casting are disclosed. One embodiment comprises arranging at least one metal shape to define boundaries of a casting dam, lining the boundaries with ceramic fiber paper to create a containment including the at least one metal shape and the ceramic fiber paper, inserting glass in the containment, and firing the glass and the containment in a kiln to cast a glass shape corresponding to a portion of the containment.

Abstract: An optical glass in the form of an oxide glass, characterized by comprising, denoted as cation percentages: P5+ 14 to 36%; Bi3+ 12 to 34%; Nb5+ 12 to 34%; Ti4+ 5 to 20%; and W6+ 0 to 22%; wherein the total content of Bi3+, Nb5+, Ti4+, and W6+ is equal to or greater than 50%; and in that the Knoop hardness is equal to or higher than 370, the refractive index nd is equal to or higher than 2.02, and the Abbé number vd is equal to or lower than 19.0. A glass material for press molding and an optical element comprised of this optical glass. A method for manufacturing a glass material for press molding comprising the step of mechanically processing this optical glass.

Abstract: A vertical individual section (I.S.) machine for manufacturing glass containers is disclosed in which parisons made in parison molds are lowered into blow molds located under the parison molds without being inverted, where they are blown into glass containers. Optionally, reheat shrouds may be located vertically intermediate the blank molds and the blow molds to reheat the parisons prior to them being blown. The vertical I.S. machine may have multiple sections that are located close adjacent each other, with each section potentially having multiple blank and blow molds.

Abstract: The method produces a reshaped glass-ceramic article by forced reshaping of a flat green glass part during a ceramicizing process with temporarily lowered viscosity due to crystallization heat. To perform the forced reshaping economically the forced reshaping takes place in a continuous oven for ceramicizing and in an oven section in which the viscosity of the green glass part is temporarily lowered as a result of crystallization heat. An apparatus for performing the process is provided in the continuous oven including different active reshaping devices and/or a hollow mold. The method produces glass-ceramic articles with undamaged surfaces corresponding to surfaces produced during the making of the green glass part (smooth or structured, e.g. knobbed).

Abstract: Provided is an optical element manufacturing method by which optical elements, such as a beam shaping element having a molded side surface, are highly efficiently and accurately manufactured by pressure-molding a molten glass drop. After supplying a lower molding die with the molten glass drop of a prescribed volume at a temperature higher than that of the molding die, the molten glass drop is pressure-molded by the molding die, and a free surface solidified without being in contact with the molding die is formed between a molded upper surface and the molded side surface. The volume of the molten glass drop to be supplied is 0.8 times or more but not more than 0.97 times the volume of a space configured by an extended molded upper surface, an extended molded side surface and the molded lower surface when the molded upper surface and the molded side surface are extended.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention are directed to sample tubes comprising a cylindrical elongate tube having a gripping section with at least one discontinuity extending radially about the outside surface of the elongate tube. Methods of making sample tubes and their use in sample handlers are also described.

Abstract: A method for producing a polarizing element includes the steps of: forming an island-shaped film of a metal halide on a glass substrate; forming needle-shaped particles of the metal halide by stretching the glass substrate through heating to elongate the island-shaped film; and forming needle-shaped metal particles composed of a metal by reducing the metal halide of the needle-shaped particles, wherein the metal halide is deposited on the glass substrate by a reactive physical vapor deposition method.

Abstract: A method for producing a polarizing element includes the steps of: forming a coating film of a metal on a glass substrate; forming an island-shaped film composed of a metal halide on the glass substrate by partially removing the coating film and also halogenating the metal; forming needle-shaped particles of the metal halide by stretching the glass substrate through heating to elongate the island-shaped film; and forming needle-shaped metal particles composed of a metal by reducing the metal halide of the needle-shaped particles.

Abstract: A glass sheet for a laminated glass to be fit into a frame of an automobile in a flash-mount structure, that is a glass sheet having a good strength, is provided. In the glass sheet of the present invention, the maximum value of the plane compressive stress on the edge of the glass sheet is at least 10 MPa and at most 18 MPa, and the maximum value of the plane compressive stress inside from the edge of the glass sheet is at most 2.4 MPa.

Abstract: Methods for producing crucibles for holding molten material that contain a reduced amount of gas pockets are disclosed. The methods may involve use of molten silica that may be outgassed prior to or during formation of the crucible. Crucibles produced from such methods and ingots and wafers that are produced from crucibles with a reduced amount of gas pockets are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a non-planar product in glass-ceramic. Said method comprises the following steps: (i) in a conventional furnace (3), heating a sheet of precursor glass of said glass-ceramic, so that said sheet becomes formable while avoiding its ceramming; (ii) forming said heated sheet; (iii) cooling said formed sheet (2b); (iv) ceramming said formed, cooled sheet.

Abstract: A fluorophosphate glass containing: P5+ in an amount of 20 to 45 cationic %; Al3+ in an amount of 15 to 35 cationic %; Ba2+ in an amount of 20 to 50 cationic %; B3+ in an amount of 0 to 5 cationic %; F? in an amount of 20 to 50 anionic %; and O2? in an amount of 50 to 80 anionic %. A molar ratio of O2?/P5+ is greater than or equal to 3.5. In addition, a molar ratio of Al3+/P5+ is less than or equal to 1. In addition, the Abrasion FA is less than or equal to 600, or the Knoop hardness number is greater than or equal to 300 MPa. Furthermore, the Abbe number (?d) of the glass is larger than or equal to 66. Moreover, a refractive index (nd) of the glass satisfies an expression (1): nd?2.0614?0.0071×?d. Finally, the fluorophosphate glass does not contain Cu in an amount by which Cu serves as a coloring agent.

Abstract: An optical glass that is an oxide glass and comprises, by cationic %, 20 to 40% of a total of Si4+ and B3+, 15 to 40% of a total of Nb5+, Ti4+, W6+ and Zr4+, 0.2 to 20% of a total of Zn2+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+, and 15 to 55% of a total of Li+, Na+ and K+, the cationic ratio of the content of B3+ to the total content of B3+ and Si4+ being 0.01-0.5, the cationic ratio of the content of Zr4+ to the total content of Nb5+, Ti4+, W6+ and Zr4+ being 0.05 or less, the molar ratio of the total content of Zn2+ and Ba2+ to the total content of Zn2+, Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+ being 0.8-1, the optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.815 or more and an Abbe's number ?d of 29 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heating apparatus for glass-sheet-forming, which prevents formation of a heater distortion in a portion of a glass sheet facing to a temperature-distributing heat shield.

Abstract: A lens formed of a high-refractivity low-dispersion glass and free of fogging and scorching on its optical-function surface, which is obtained by precision press-molding of an optical glass having a refractive index (nd) of over 1.83, an Abbe's number (?d) of 40 or more and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 640° C. or lower and containing no Li2O and has one form of a meniscus form, a biconcave form or a plano-concave form.

Abstract: An optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 (20 to 80 percent), SiO2 (0 to 30 percent), Li2O (1 to 25 percent), ZnO (0 to 20 percent), La2O3 (4 to 30 percent), Gd2O3 (1 to 25 percent), Y2O3 (0 to 20 percent), ZrO2 (0 to 5 percent), MgO (0 to 25 percent), CaO (0 to 15 percent), and SrO (0 to 10 percent), with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO+SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} being 0.4 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed are synthetic silica glass body with a birefringence pattern having low fast axis direction randomness factor and glass reflow process. The glass reflow process comprises steps of: providing a glass tube having a notch; and thermally reflowing the glass tube to form a glass plate. The process can be advantageously used to produce fused silica glass plate without observable striae when viewed in the direction of optical axis. Also disclosed are optical members comprising the fused silica glass body and a process for reflowing glass cylinders.

Abstract: An optical glass having a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 (20 to 80 percent), SiO2 (0 to 30 percent), Li2O (1 to 25 percent), ZnO (0 to 20 percent), La2O3 (4 to 30 percent), Gd2O3 (1 to 25 percent), Y2O3 (0 to 20 percent), ZrO2 (0 to 5 percent), MgO (0 to 25 percent), CaO (0 to 15 percent), and SrO (0 to 10 percent), with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO+SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} being 0.4 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for fabricating glass bump standoff structures of precise height, the method comprising providing oversized glass bumps on a glass substrate, providing a heat source to heat the bumps, positioning a substrate to be aligned on the oversized bumps, and reducing the height of the oversized bumps by a combination of manipulations comprising (1) softening the bumps by heating the bumps and (2) applying pressure to the substrate to be aligned.

Abstract: A glass substrate for a magnetic disk, wherein, in regions with respect to two places arbitrarily selected on a surface of the glass substrate on its central portion side relative to its outer peripheral end, a surface shape with a shape wavelength in a band of 60 to 500 ?m is extracted from surface shapes in each of the regions and, assuming that a root mean square roughness Rq of the surface shape is given as a microwaviness Rq, the difference between the microwavinesses Rq of the regions is 0.02 nm or less or the difference between standard deviations of the microwavinesses Rq of the regions is 0.04 nm or less.

Abstract: A fluorophosphate glass containing: P5+ in an amount of 20 to 45 cationic %; Al3+ in an amount of 15 to 35 cationic %; Ba2+ in an amount of 20 to 50 cationic %; F? in an amount of 20 to 50 anionic %; and O2? in an amount of 50 to 80 anionic %. A molar ratio of O2?/P5+ is larger than or equal to 3.5. In addition, a molar ratio of Al3+/P5+ is larger than or equal to 0.45. Furthermore, the Abbe number (?d) of the glass is larger than or equal to 66. Finally a refractive index (nd) of the glass satisfies an expression (1): nd?2.0614?0.0071×?d.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention are directed to sample tubes comprising a cylindrical elongate tube having a gripping section with at least one discontinuity extending radially about the outside surface of the elongate tube. Methods of making sample tubes and their use in sample handlers are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of fabricating an improved lithium silicate glass ceramic and to that material for the manufacture of blocks for dental appliances using a CAD/CAM process and hot pressing system. The lithium silicate material has a chemical composition that is different from those reported in the prior art with 1 to 10% of germanium dioxide in final composition. The softening points are close to the crystallization final temperature of 800° C. indicating that the samples will support the temperature process without shape deformation.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a decoratively-cracked glass vessel includes gathering a gob of molten glass and depositing the molten-glass gob into a pre-form mold. A quantity of gas is injected into the pre-form mold in order to form the gob into a pre-form vessel having at least one pre-form wall defining a pre-form vessel exterior surface and a pre-form vessel interior surface defining a pre-form cavity. The self-supporting, but still hot, pre-form vessel is removed from the pre-form mold and a surface of the pre-form vessel is rapidly cooled in order to crack in the cooled surface. The heated pre-form vessel is situated within a finish mold and a quantity of gas is injected into the pre-form cavity in order to seal cracks and form the pre-form vessel into a finished vessel having at least one finished vessel wall defining finished vessel interior and exterior surfaces between which cracks are visible.

Abstract: In a known drawing method for producing cylinder-shaped components from quartz glass, a quartz glass strand (10) is drawn in the direction of a drawing axis (12) from a deformation region of a quartz glass mass (9) and pieces having a cutting length (S) are separated therefrom. The cylinder-shaped components are produced from the pieces. In order to provide a simple drawing method for producing quartz glass components, wherein the effects of geometric disruptions, in particular variations in diameter and material rejects, are reduced, the separation of the quartz glass strand (10) is carried out at a separating position (T), wherein the distance of the separating position from the deformation region (9) is set in a way such that a disruption of the quartz glass strand geometry created by the separation lies in an end region of the component to be produced or between two neighboring components during a subsequent separation.

Abstract: A method of molding a wine bottle adapted for use with one but not both of a cork-type plug closure or a Stelvin-type threaded closure includes forming a glass parison having a temporary body and a completed neck finish contoured for receiving either a cork-type plug closure or a Stelvin-type threaded closure. The glass parison is transferred to a mold stage, and the temporary body of the parison is blow molded at the mold stage to form a glass container having a neck coupled to the neck finish. With both neck finish geometries, the neck adjacent to the neck finish has external (L and K) dimensions adapted to receive a Stelvin-type threaded closure and a cylindrical interior adapted to receive a cork-type plug closure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing a technical glass part, particularly meeting high requirements with respect to contour accuracy and surface quality, particularly a precision lens, wherein a blank including a cast-on section is produced using an injection molding process, wherein the blank is cooled down and subsequently heated, and wherein the blank subsequently is blank molded, particularly on both sides, into a technical glass part meeting high requirements with respect to contour accuracy and surface quality, particularly a precision lens.

Abstract: The optical glass of the present invention has a refractive index nd of 1.70 or greater and an Abbé number of 50 or greater. Given as mole percentages, it comprises: B2O3 20 to 80 percent, SiO2 0 to 30 percent, Li2O 1 to 25 percent; ZnO 0 to 20 percent, La2O3 4 to 30 percent, Gd2O3 1 to 25 percent, Y2O3 0 to 20 percent, ZrO2 0 to 5 percent, MgO 0 to 25 percent, CaO 0 to 15 percent, SrO 0 to 10 percent, with the combined quantity of the above components being 97 percent or greater. The molar ratio of {ZnO/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less and the molar ratio of {(CaO +SrO+BaO)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)} is 0.8 or less. Ta2O5 may be incorporated as an optional component, with the molar ratio {(ZrO2+Ta2O5)/(La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3)}being 0.4 or less. The present invention further relates to a preform for precision press molding comprised of this glass, an optical element comprised of this glass, and methods of manufacturing the same.

Abstract: An optical glass comprises, denoted as weight percentages, SiO2-2-22%, B2O3: 3-24%, ZnO:>8% and ?30%, CaO+BaO+ZnO: 10-50%, MgO: 0-3%, La2O3+Y2O3+Gd2O3+Yb2O3: 1-33%, TiO2: 2-20%, ZrO2: 0-10%, Nb2O5: 2-32%, Li2O: 0-5%, Na2O: 0-8%, K2O: 0-10%, WO3: 0-20%. The ratio by weight of La2O3 to the combined contents of La2O3, Y2O3, Gd2O3, and Yb2O3 (La2O3/(La2O3+Y2O3+Gd2O3+Yb2O3)) falls within a range of 0.7 to 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical glass having optical constants in the form of a refractive index nd of 1.70 or higher and an Abbé number nud of 50 or higher, a preform for precision press molding comprised of this glass, an optical element comprised of this glass, and methods for manufacturing the preform and the optical element.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the invention are directed to sample tubes comprising a cylindrical elongate tube having a gripping section with at least one discontinuity extending radially about the outside surface of the elongate tube. Methods of making sample tubes and their use in sample handlers are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a quartz glass blank for an optical component for transmitting radiation of a wavelength of 15 nm and shorter, the blank consisting of highly pure quartz glass, doped with titanium and/or fluorine, which is distinguished by an extremely high homogeneity. The homogeneity relates to the following features: a) micro-inhomogeneities caused by a local variance of the TiO2 distribution (<0.05% TiO2, averaged over a volume element of (5 ?m)3 in relation to the mean value of the TiO2 content), b) an absolute maximum inhomogeneity in the thermal expansion coefficient ?? in the main functional direction (<5 ppb/K), c) a radial variance of the thermal expansion coefficient over the usable surface of the quartz glass blank of not more than 0.4 ppb/(K.cm); d) a maximum stress birefringence (SDB) at 633 nm in the main functional direction of 2 nm/cm with a specific progression; and e) a specific progression of the ??, averaged according to (b) on the optical surface.

Abstract: Process for producing a structure on one of the faces of a glass ribbon, carried out continuously using a printing device, in which: the printing device (8) is placed in a zone (A) in which the ribbon (B) is at an average temperature T1 insufficient for printing the pattern of the printing device onto the ribbon according to the nature of the pattern to be printed, to the pressure between the printing device and the ribbon and to the time during which the ribbon is in contact with the printing device; that face to be etched, upstream of the printing device (8), is heated so as to bring a limited and sufficient thickness of the ribbon to a temperature T2>T1 necessary for printing the pattern of the printing device onto the ribbon according to the nature of the pattern to be etched, to the pressure between the printing device and the ribbon and to the time during which the ribbon is in contact with the printing device, while still keeping the rest of the ribbon at a temperature close to T1; the heat flux tra

Abstract: To provide a high-refractivity high-dispersion optical glass having excellent stability An optical glass which is formed of an oxide glass containing 30 to 70 cationic % of Bi3+ and has a liquidus temperature of 800° C. or lower.

Abstract: Provided are optical glasses having a phosphate-containing composition that can materialize highly useful optical properties including high-refractivity and high-dispersion properties; an optical glass comprising P2O5, SiO2 and Li2O as essential components, comprising Na2O and K2O as optional components, having an Li2O/(Li2O+Na2O+K2O) molar ratio of from ? to 1 and having an Abbe's number (?d) of 30 or less, and an optical glass comprising P2O5, SiO2 and Li2O as essential components, having the property of transmittance that when light is caused to vertically enter one of two plane and mutually parallel optically polished surfaces of a sample of the glass having a thickness of 10.0±0.1 mm and caused to exit from the other surface, the wavelength at which the transmittance represented by the ratio of transmitted light intensity to incidence light intensity (transmitted light intensity/incidence light intensity) comes to be 70% is 510 nm or less, having a refractive index (nd) of 1.

Abstract: Provided is an optical glass comprising, denoted as molar percentages: 10 to 20 percent SiO2, 5 to 40 percent B2O3, SiO2+B2O3=15 to 50 percent, 0 to 10 percent Li2O, 12 to 36 percent ZnO, where 3×Li2O+ZnO?18 percent, 5 to 30 percent La2O3, 0 to 20 percent Gd2O3, 0 to 10 percent Y2O3, La2O3+Gd2O3=10 to 30 percent, La2O3/SIGMA(?)RE2O3=0.67 to 0.95 (where SIGMA(?)RE2O3=La2O3+Gd2O3+Y2O3+Yb2O3+Sc2O3+Lu2O3), 0.5 to 10 percent ZrO2, 1 to 15 percent Ta2O5, 1 to 20 percent WO3, Ta2O5/WO3?2.5 (molar ratio), 0 to 8 percent Nb2O5, 0 to 8 percent TiO2; and having a refractive index nd of not less than 1.87 and an Abbé number nu(v)d of not less than 35 but less then 40. A method for manufacturing a preform for precision press molding by separating a glass melt gob from a glass melt obtained by mixing, heating, and melting glass starting materials, and forming a preform in a glass melt gob cooling step, said mixing, heating, and melting of glass starting materials is conducted so as to obtain the above optical glass.

Abstract: A synthetic quartz glass substrate having (i) an OH concentration of 1-100 ppm and a hydrogen molecule concentration of 1×1016-1×1019 molecules/cm3, (ii) an in-plane variation of its internal transmission at wavelength 193.4 nm which is up to 0.2%, and (iii) an internal transmission of at least 99.6% at wavelength 193.4 nm is suited for use with excimer lasers.

Abstract: An optical glass having high refractivity and a low sag temperature and having a low-temperature softening property that enables precision press-molding is provided, and the optical glass contains, by mol %, 5 to 50% of B2O3, 3 to 50% of SiO2, 5 to 40% of TiO2, 1 to 40% of ZnO, 5 to 20% of La2O3, 0 to 10% of Gd2O3, 0 to 15% of Nb2O5, 0 to 10% of ZrO2, 0 to 5% of Ta2O5, 0 to 10% of Bi2O3, 0 to 10% of MgO, 0 to 8% of CaO, 0 to 10% of SrO, 0 to 10% of BaO, provided that the total content of MgO, CaO, SrO and BaO is 15% or less, 0 to 20% of Li2O, and 0 to 5% of Na2O, optionally containing Sb2O3 as a refining agent, and having a refractive index (nd) of 1.8 or more and an Abbe's number (?d) of 35 or less.

Abstract: A method of forming, on the surface of a glass material, a raised feature having a height within a target range, comprising (1) providing a glass material having a surface, (2) providing the glass material locally, at a location at or below the surface, with an amount of energy causing local expansion of the glass material so as to raise a feature on the surface at the location, (3) detecting the height of the raised feature or the height over time of the raised feature, (4) (a) if the height is below or approaching a value below the target range, providing the glass material at the location with energy in a greater amount, or (b) if the height is above or approaching a value above the target range, providing the glass material at the location with energy in a lesser amount, and (5) repeating steps (3) and (4) as needed to bring the height within the target range. Methods and devices for automating this process are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for working a glass plate includes: a transporting device for bending a glass plate in a concave shape in a cross-sectional view in a transporting direction and transporting the glass plate from a cutting section to a bend-breaking section; a cutting device for forming cut lines on the glass plate in the cutting section; and a bend-breaking device for bend-breaking the glass plate in the bend-breaking section.

Abstract: An optical glass which has an Abbe's number (?d) of 50 to 59, has the property of not easily reacting with a press mold, a low-temperature softening property, excellent glass stability and high refractivity, and is suitable for precision press-molding. The optical glass comprising B2O3 and SiO2 as essential components and having a B2O3 and SiO2 total content (B2O3+SiO2) of 45 to 70 by mol % and an SiO2 content/B2O3 content molar ratio (SiO2/B2O3) of from 0.1 to 0.5, the optical glass further comprising, by mol %, 5 to 15% of La2O3, 0.1 to 8% of Gd2O3, provided that the total content of La2O3 and Gd2O3 is 8% or more, 0 to 10% of Y2O3, 3 to 18% of Li2O, provided that the molar ratio of the content of Li2O to the total content of B2O3 and SiO2 [Li2O/(B2O3+SiO2)] is over 0 but not more than 0.2, 0.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a non-planar product in glass-ceramic. Said method comprises the following steps: (i) in a conventional furnace (3), heating a sheet of precursor glass of said glass-ceramic, so that said sheet becomes formable while avoiding its ceramming; (ii) forming said heated sheet; (iii) cooling said formed sheet (2b); (iv) ceramming said formed, cooled sheet.

Abstract: A low dispersion optical glass comprising, given as molar percentages, 28 to 50 percent of P2O5; more than 20 percent but not more than 50 percent of BaO; 1 to 20 percent MgO; a sum of Li2O, Na2O, and K2O exceeding 3 percent (with 0 to 25 percent of Li2O, greater than or equal to 0 percent and less than 10 percent of Na2O, and 0 to 12 percent of K2O); more than 0 percent but not more than 15 percent of ZnO; 0 to 25 percent of B2O3; 0 to 5 percent of A12O3; 0 to 8 percent of Gd2O3; 0 to 20 percent of CaO; 0 to 15 percent of SrO; and 0 to 1 percent of Sb2O3; with a sum of oxide contents of P, Ba, Mg, Li, Na, K, Zn, B, Al, Gd, Ca, Sr, and Sb being greater than or equal to 98 percent. The optical glass comprises no La2O3. The press molding preform is comprised of the optical glass.