Abstract: An elongate textile material liquid-permeably wound on a bobbin and a treatment liquid are enclosed in a container with a gaseous phase portion remaining within the container. The container is conveyed through an elongate heating bath for heating the treatment liquid at a predetermined temperature. During conveyance, the container is rotated to cause the textile material to move alternately through the treatment liquid and the gaseous phase portion within the container.

Abstract: After a dyeing operation has been concluded, the hot dyeing liquor present in the piece dyeing jet is returned via a cooling heat exchanger in the dyeing circulation system back into the makeup storage vessel for the dyeing liquor. Thereafter, the liquor-free dyeing system, which is still under an elevated static pressure, is relieved to atmospheric whereby the dyeing system is cooled down adiabatically together with the dyed textile material present therein to such an extent that a sample can be taken therefrom rapidly and safely.

Abstract: For conditioning baled material, such as wool, which is subject to taking a set upon being frozen or remaining stored for an extended period, steam is forced into the bale from two opposite sides for a short period of time, over a substantial part of the surface area of each of those sides. Thereafter, moisture-laden heated air under substantially higher pressures are forced into the bale for a longer period of time, in order to reduce the temperature of the steam and substantially uniformly distribute the heat. The steam and heated air introduction steps may be repeated, in alternation.

Abstract: Process and apparatus are provided for the batchwise wet treatment of textile material with an aqueous liquor that contains dyestuff or other textile processing products according to an exhaust technique. Textile material in continuous loop form is recirculated in a jet dyeing machine, and a recirculating gas stream propels the material. A blower recirculates the gas stream while aqueous liquor is metered into the stream by aspirating the liquor at the upstream side of the blower. The action of the blower finely disperses the liquor within the gas stream.

Abstract: In industry there is, for economic reasons, an urgent need to be able to carry out the drying of moist textile material immediately after a completed wet-treatment in the same apparatus in which the preceding treatment operation was carried out.According to the invention the problems arising in the case of textile materials treated in rope form on jet units are solved by evaporatively dewatering the textile material in rope form by means of the gaseous agent which in the case of fabric-advancing jet systems operated by flowing liquor, steam or hot air takes over the transport of the goods immediately after the wet-treatment and which acts on the textile material under a predetermined variable superatmospheric pressure, then cooling the circulating drive gas to condense out the absorbed moisture, and recirculating the air thus dried.

Abstract: A dye setting apparatus for use with carpets, mats and the like comprises a cover having a generally planar interior surface pivotally connected to a support surface. The cover includes a steam containment and support structure having an interior channel flow connected to a steam source. The cover, support structure and support surface form a confinement chamber for the carpet. Steam is released into the chamber from apertures in the support structure to set dye in the carpet. The interior surface of the cover is constructed of a material which is generally non-heat conductive and somewhat water absorbent, such as plywood, to prevent steam from condensing as droplets on the interior of the cover and dropping on the carpet during dye setting.

Abstract: A tunnel finisher includes pneumatic rollers for defining an entrance and an exit for a pneumatic treatment chamber. The tunnel finisher is designed to facilitate the replacement of the envelope of pneumatic rollers.The shaft of the pneumatic roller consists of an upper section fixedly mounted in the tunnel finisher housing, and a one-piece lower section carrying roller-supporting discs, with its upper end releasably coupled to the upper section, and its lower end tiltably supported on a tilt bearing.The pneumatic rollers may thus be dismounted for simple and rapid replacement of the roller envelope, so that down-times of the tunnel finisher may be considerably reduced.

Abstract: A fluid nozzle assembly is disclosed for dispensing liquid dye onto an underlying fabric in a substantially closed structure provided with an inert gas atmosphere. The assembly includes an elongated rotatable housing provided along its length with a relatively narrow opening or slot. An elongated manifold, provided with a plurality of laterally spaced dispensing nozzles, is concentrically mounted within the housing so that the nozzles are aligned with the slot. The housing and manifold are rotatable from a first operative position where the nozzles are in communication with the interior of the structure, to a second inoperative position where the nozzles are substantially isolated from the interior of the structure so that the nozzles may be removed for maintenance, cleaning or replacement without significant loss of inert gas from the interior of the structure.

Abstract: A method for finishing clothes, that improves the wearing sensation and feeling of the clothes on the body, consisting of arranging one or more articles of clothing by hanging from a rod in a sealed chamber after dry cleaning or washing the clothes, then spraying hydrophilic finishing agent which is water soluble or diluted with water by emulsifying in a predetermined quantity adapted for the clothes to be finished to moisten the entire front and back surfaces of the clothes to be finished by adhering the agent thereto, thereafter or simultaneously therewith the clothes are fully steamed. Then blowing hot air upon the clothes to dry them. This method can (1) use any finishing agent which is water soluble or that can be diluted with water by emulsifying, (2) uniformly adhere or impregnate finishing agent to all outer and inner surfaces of clothes, (3) perform spraying of a predetermined quantity of finishing agent in a short working time span of seconds and (4) reduce facility costs.

Abstract: A method of treating textile materials and an equipment for carrying out this method are provided, notably for dyeing miscellaneous textile materials or articles, whether woven, knitted or unwoven, of synthetic, artificial or natural origin and of various configurations. The method comprises a sequence of steps consisting in disposing the textile material to be treated on a support matching the configuration of the textile material and having at least one inner cavity in its peripheral area as well as a pervious surface contiguous to the textile material; hot-impregnating the textile material to be treated by using a dyeing solution forced through the material from the back side to the right side thereof at a predetermined temperature, and rinsing the textile material by means of a rinsing liquid forced through the material from the back side to the right side thereof during a predetermined time and at a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: Textile fabrics are dyed in open widths in a closed, heated environment by spraying a heated dye composition containing a dyestuff dispersed in a non-aqueous, high-boiling solvent, without the dye applicator directly contacting the fabric, directly onto the fabric. The sprayed fabric is held under transverse tension in a heated (350.degree. to 450.degree. F.) environment and further heated while the sprayed dye dispersion migrates, penetrates thoroughly through the fabric and levels substantially evenly across the width of the fabric. Fabrics are thus simultaneously uniformly dyed and uniformly heatset. Apparatus for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for conditioning baled materials by forcing moisture laden heated air or stream under pressure into the bale over part of the surface area of at least two sides of the bale.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preventing contact with contaminated textiles and/or spreading of contaminants therein during transport and cleaning of the textiles (5). In order to ensure that personnel neither can come in contact with the contaminated textiles (5) nor is exposed to liquid or gaseous contaminants emanating from the textiles, the method is characterised by the fact that the textiles (5) are collected in a hermetically sealable, transportable and to a cleaning device (6) connectable transport container (1), which in hermetically sealed condition is transported to the cleaning device and connected thereto for admission of medium for driving out contaminants from the textiles (5) before the container is opened for removing the textiles.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for the dyeing of shaped articles. The apparatus transports the shaped article in a treating chamber within the apparatus during the dyeing process; surrounds the shaped article with a non-reactive environment in the treatment chamber; preheats the shaped article; flows a thin continuous film of a dye composition over the surfaces of the shaped article in a non-reactive environment at an elevated temperature; and cools the dyed shaped article. The apparatus can also rinse and dry the dye shaped article. The apparatus further includes an applicator head for applying the thin continuous film of the dye composition over the shaped article and a carrier for positioning the shaped article in vertical alignment with the applicator head.

Abstract: Textile fiber material is dyed particularly quickly, uniformly, and gently by evacuating it unitl dry in a treatment vat, whereupon the dyeing liquor is introduced into the vat, avoiding any initial condensation in the fibrous material. This is achieved by introducing the dyeing liquor at a low temperature in harmony with the vacuum or by preheating the fibrous material to the necessary degree. After having been introduced, the dyeing liquor is subjected to slight excess pressure and caused to act on the fibrous material which, subsequently, is dried in the vat.

Abstract: Pressure control system in which the pressure in a sealed vessel is continuously measured along with the temperature of the treatment fluid to maintain a predetermined pad pressure in the treatment vessel to prevent boil off or flashing of the treatment liquid.

Abstract: There is effected an accelerated direct neutralization in-situ of the substrates which are impregnated with alkaline hydroxide which is free or fixed on the cellulose, by contact with a neutralizing fluid containing carbon dioxide in a gaseous, aqueous or combined phase, this fluid being introduced in accordance with requirements related to the quantity of alkali to be neutralized. The process may be used in the textile industry in continuous and discontinuous treatments and is adaptable to all types of textile machines employing an aqueous method.

Abstract: A process for the finishing and/or drying of wash or laundry through the utilization of steam as an energy carrier medium, and more particularly, a process employing only steam without the addition of air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a yarn handling arrangement in which the yarn is subjected to conditioning in a humid atmosphere before and as it is drawn off for use in a textile machine. The apparatus described in an example consists of an enclosure comprising a housing, in one compartment whereof are a plurality of pairs of bobbins on support rods, another compartment being defined by a sleeve member which is kept constantly moist by a water distributing device. A flow of air is arranged to fill the sleeve member and to escape therefrom through slots provided at levels corresponding to each of the levels at which the bobbins are supported.

Abstract: Smoothing washed garments (10) in the treatment chamber (11) of a finisher produces a considerable amount of fluff. To remove the fluff from the device in a trouble-free and effective manner the flowing medium carrying the fluff along is passed through a sieve belt (20) which conveys the fluff out of the device. Outside the treatment chamber (11) the fluff is removed in a suitable manner.

Abstract: A machine is provided for the liquid or gaseous treatment of textile or other materials having a material carrier and comprising, in a lower part thereof, a false bottom in which is formed a housing adapted to receive a heat exchanger, the false bottom defining a space or compartment with the bottom of the machine. A pipe having a vertical axis is mounted at the base of the machine, substantially in the axis of the latter. The space may be either isolated from the rest of the machine, or placed in communication with the upper part thereof through external or internal ducts, and inert bodies may be provided in the machine.

Abstract: A continuous system applies chemical solutions to successive rolls of fabric from alternate applicators. The treated rolls pass through a plurality of stations within a common development chamber, emerging fully processed in one continuous movement. Radiant heat and steam are applied throughout the chamber and a winding and rewinding operation provides uniform treatment. An inclined chamber section permits gravity feed of the rolls.

Abstract: Inventive considerations have shown that the use of shorter liquid ratios can be realized in the course of wet-treating textile ropes in jet dyeing machines if the textile goods are driven by means of a non-inert gas stream and the dyestuff or product formulations necessary for carrying out the type of treatment desired are brought into contact with the goods by atomization into the circulated gaseous driving agent.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a textile product with the use of low-temperature plasma includes a reactor, and an arrangement for transporting a textile product to be treated, located within the reactor and arranged to move the textile product between taking-up shafts. The textile product is passed through a passage in the reactor formed between a pair of electrode plates. A mechanism maintains a vacuum in the interior of the reactor, and gas is supplied into the reactor between the electrode plates. The electrode plates are connected to produce a low-temperature plasma therebetween. The textile product such as a cloth, string or yarn can be treated effectively using only small amounts of heat energy and water resource.

Abstract: A method for low-temperature plasma treatment of a textile product such as a cloth comprising transporting a textile product to be treated through a reaction chamber, in which low-temperature plasma is produced in situ by applying high frequency electric wave to electrodes provided in the chamber uniformly without stay, for subjecting the textile product to low-temperature plasma treatment uniformly, and an apparatus therefor.

Abstract: A printed textile sheet is continuously passed through a chamber while being entrained in a flat, tensionless state on a horizontal section of a flexible endless carrier belt whose moisture content and temperature are positively maintained at selected values so that moisture content of the textile sheet, in particular at printed spot patterns, can be fairly equalized before and during application of steam and microwave emanation for uniform development and fixation of dyes over the entire area of the textile sheet.

Abstract: A heater for wet dressings comprising, a case having a base with sidewalls defining a cavity, and an insert connected to the base and defining at least one recess in the cavity to receive the wet dressings. The heater has an electrical heating element in close proximity to the insert recess for heating the wet dressings, and the temperature of the heating element is controlled in the desired range of temperature of the wet dressings.

Abstract: Washed articles of clothing 10 on hangers 27 are conveyed into a tunnel 11 having a hot air supply 20 followed by a steaming zone 12 followed by a drying and smoothing zone 13 through a narrow entrance opening 16 of a non-treating chamber 14 in an attitude parallel to their direction of conveyance (arrow 24). They are thereafter transferred to a conveyor 22 and proceed through the tunnel in an attitude transverse to their direction of conveyance (arrow 25), and finally exit through a narrow opening 19 in a parallel attitude. The narrow entrance and exit openings contain the steam, hot air and noise within the tunnel and conserve energy.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a vessel to hold fiber to be dyed, the vessel being formed of a gas tight pressure resisting sealed construction and having a lid member to seal the vessel, the lid member being provided with a pressure control valve to control the internal pressure of the vessel, and the vessel being formed in cylindrical shape and being provided with a ring body integrally on its outer periphery; a flatcar for mounting the vessel which includes a pair of rotary shafts on an underframe, and the rotary shafts being rotatably connected to an output shaft of a geared motor by means of a chain, and the rotary shaft having a slip stop ring to position the rotary ring body of the vessel; and a microwave oscillating device having a radiation chamber connected to a microwave oscillator by means of a waveguide, and the internal pressure of the vessel being set at pressure above one atmosphere of pressure, and the microwaves are used to generate heat and the fiber is dyed by a boiling phenomenon at a boiling te

Abstract: An improved apparatus for carrying out steaming or similar operations in a double-wall chamber opened at the bottom with steam passing from the bottom to the top through gaps. The apparatus, comprises operating assemblies including fans and radiators effective to cause the air treating means to circulate at intermediate levels with respect to the height of the chamber, and steam and water and power supplying means capable of being selectively operated to allow the apparatus to operate by different air treating means or media.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for applying size to an array of fibers of the type in which the array of fibers is directed past at least one nozzle adapted to spray a size onto the array of fibers, wherein the improvement comprises means, positioned immediately upstream from the nozzle, for removing the entrained gases flowing with the array of fibers and a conduit having a decreasing cross sectional area in the downstream direction positioned downstream from the nozzle.

Abstract: A system for selectively collecting washed articles with a washing device and conveyor to convey the articles therethrough, first and second detectors for detecting fabric faults and improperly washed articles, respectively, a device to roll the articles, a control device for controlling the washing treatment and a distributing device in response to signals generated by the detectors.

Abstract: The drying device comprises a working tunnel and a drivable conveying member extending therethrough. Articles of clothing to be dried are suspended from the conveying member transversely to the direction of conveyance, by means of hangers. Hot air and steam are supplied to the working tunnel. The articles leave the tunnel without wrinkles. For this purpose, the hot air is directed into the tunnel by means of vertical nozzles which direct the air only from above. At least in the inlet section of the tunnel, steam is introduced. The downwardly air jets thus produced, sweep the articles suspended from the conveying member in the downward direction. Due to the steam content or the air jets, even polyester containing fabrics thereby become plastic enough to be swept smooth of wrinkles.

Abstract: The method comprises the steps of impregnating spooled threads with a cold treatment liquid inside a kier, leaving an air cushion above the liquid inside the kier, discharging the liquid from the kier through a liquid discharge outlet by feeding steam above the air cushion, stopping the discharge when the steam reaches the liquid discharge outlet, and treating the spooled threads with steam inside the kier.

Abstract: For improved treatment of textile material after scouring or dyeing by application of microwaves, a preparatory heating chamber replete with steam is arranged for passage of the textile material substantially in a sheet form, and, is accompanied with a downstream microwave irradiation chamber of a confined construction replete with steam in which microwaves are applied to the textile material in the form of a rotating roll. Ideal aftertreatment can be carried out uniformly throughout the textile material at high thermal efficiency without any leakage of microwaves and steam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the space dyeing of yarn while the yarn is in the form of a loosely gathered package, such as a conventional yarn skein, and which includes injecting an atomized spray of dye and air at a plurality of spaced apart locations in the package, and such that the dye contacts only a portion of the yarn. The resulting yarn is characterized by essentially random and relatively short colorband lengths, which avoid the formation of unsightly streaks or "chevrons" on the face of a fabric formed from the yarn.

Abstract: The paper web is directly contacted with superheated steam to evaporate the water in the paper web by direct contact and to remove some of the superheat from the steam. The exhaust steam is again superheated and recycled back to the direct contact dryer.The paper web drying system includes a direct contact dryer, a superheater such as a heat exchanger, means for feeding the exhaust steam from the direct contact dryer to the heat exchanger, and means for feeding superheated steam from the heat exchanger back to the direct contact dryer.

Abstract: An apparatus for steaming printed fabrics is described which comprises a treating chamber, humidifying passages or channels in the chamber, through which the steam present in the chamber is caused to circulate. The apparatus comprises means for supplying additional humidity by introduction of water into the steam circulating through the channels, and means effective to cause the supplied water, if not vaporized, to collect in the channels so that water in liquid state is prevented from entering the treating and steaming chamber. The humidifying channels are essentially U-shaped and comprise a downwardly directed inlet portion, a passage direction reversing intermediate portion and an upwardly directed outlet portion. Nozzles are provided in the downwardly directed portion as to establish in this latter a dynamic steam entraining effect from the environment. The apparatus is advantageous to obtain the greatest color yield of the dyestuff material present in the fabric.

Abstract: The disclosure is of apparatus and its use to treat textiles with fluids such as dyes, resist chemicals and like agents. The apparatus is particularly useful for space-dyeing textiles such as skeins of textile yarn. The apparatus comprises an enclosure having an opening and defining a treatment chamber, a closure, means for introducing predetermined measures of the treating agent and means for compressing the textile within the treatment chamber. By the method of the invention, textiles are disposed in the treatment chamber and compressed. While compressed, the fluid agent is uniformly dispersed under pressure in portions of the interior of the body of the compressed yarn and in a proportion just sufficient to effect the desired treatment. The apparatus and method of the invention are more efficient than prior art methods and apparatus, reduce water requirements and reduce the potentially undesirable impact of a textile treating process on the environment.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating yarn in package form with a fluid yarn treating agent to modify the physical and/or chemical characteristics of the yarn comprising means for supplying a treating agent to one or both of the ends of the yarn package and for introducing a transporting fluid under pressure for time sufficient to cause the treating agent to partially penetrate the package. In its preferred form, the apparatus comprises a foraminous member including a protruding skirt member which permits application of treating agents at selected portions of the outer surface of the package and allows for controlled partial penetration of the yarn package by the treating agents.

Abstract: Disclosed is a textile treatment process wherein a substrate is supported on one or more arms above a treatment liquor and is passed repeatedly through such liquor, characterised in that at least a part of that part of the substrate supported on the arm or arms and out of contact with the treatment liquor at any given time is heated employing heated air or steam, and that the liquor to goods ratio is in the range of from 5:1 to 15:1, and an apparatus suitable for performing such process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuous oxygen bleaching of cellulosic pulp is provided utilizing first and second pressurized chambers with a number of tubes in fluid communication with both of first and second chambers. Oxygen bearing fluid is intimately mixed with digested cellulosic pulp and is continuously fed under pressure to the first chamber. Communication is selectively provided between the first and second chambers through at least one of the tubular members to allow passage of pulp from the member to the second chamber. The tubular member through which pulp flows to the second chamber is progressively changed as are the members through which passage is blocked, so that the pulp remains within each tubular member sufficient time to allow oxygen-bleaching thereof without degradation, and passes through the members without channelling. The oxygen bleached pulp is continuously discharged from the second chamber. The passage of pulp through the tubular members may either be downwardly or upwardly.

Abstract: This invention relates to heat transfer presses and more particularly to the transferring of a colored picture printed on paper to polyester knit goods by means of heat and pressure. The polyester cloth heat softens while the ink vaporizes and passes through the interstices of the cloth. The cooling of the cloth locks the vapors in the material producing the effect of a dyeing process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating finely divided fibrous pulp with gas without overpressure in a continuous process. The bulk material is substantially continuously supplied to a reactor having one or more supporting floors having apertures of a shape and size which allow the finely divided material to form bridges across the apertures, said apertures also permitting a continuous flow of gas through the bulk material. The bulk material proceeds through the reactor as a consequence of the bridges being broken by breaking arms sweeping along the upper surface of the supporting floors.

Abstract: An improved process for the continuous dyeing or printing of lengths of textile material, especially tufted carpet panels, having backing materials which are subjected to at least partially a change in length during a dye fixation process of the pile portion of the textile material under saturated steam conditions, the process including the step of setting the fibers making up the backing material prior to applying dye to the pile fibers.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to equipment and techniques for the removal from fabrics of excess residual ammonia, remaining in the fabric after liquid ammonia processing. The process involves contacting the opposed surfaces of the fabric with a thin film of water, followed by removal of the water from the fabric. The amount of water which contacts the fabric is insufficient to wet the fabric, so that it does not require a subsequent drying step, but is sufficient to release most of the residual ammonia, causing the ammonia to be extracted from the fabric. To advantage, the thin film of water is achieved by condensation of steam on chilled rollers.

Abstract: Self-contained apparatus for vapor phase treating of garments with durable press treating agents. The apparatus comprises a vaporized treating agent supply tank, a pressurizable treating chamber for enclosing garments to be agent treated, and an unused treating agent recovery means, the assembly being adapted to cyclically depressurize and repressurize the chamber interior in timed relation to the presence of treating agent in the chamber to relatively pressure impregnate the garments with the treating agent.

Abstract: Apparatus for dyeing a length of fabric includes a chamber having a pair of cylinders, between which the fabric is held as it is dyed by dye emitted from an apertured pipe positioned between the cylinders. Adjacent to these cylinders are washers and a steam box. The length of fabric is formed into a loop on the cylinders and on a drive roll, and it is passed through the dyeing station where it is dyed. Heating elements and washing means are also provided in the chamber.

Abstract: Apparatus suitable for carrying out the coloring of synthetic textile materials by a vacuum transfer printing process, the apparatus comprising means for bringing the textile material into contact with the printed surface of a carrier material which has been printed with a water-insoluble dyestuff, means for subjecting the textile material and printed carrier material while in such contact to a pressure of not more than 100 mm. of mercury, and means for heating the textile material and the printed carrier material while subjected to the said pressure to a temperature above 100.degree. C.

Abstract: Apparatus for and method of vapor phase treating garments of natural protein or cellulosic fibers such as of cotton, wool, or synthetic blends thereof each hung in substantially wrinkle-free condition on a form, with moisture, formaldehyde and an an acidic catalyst like sulfur dioxide, comprising a series of separate cabinets each having an access opening and a conveyor system through the cabinets, and means for indexing successive generally equal sized batches of such forms with garments thereon sequentially through the cabinets for simultaneous exposure of the batches in the respective cabinets to different stages of the treatment and sequentially to exposure of each batch to all stage of the treatment.