Abstract: A method for operating an electromotive drive train for a vehicle is disclose. The electromotive drive train has an electric machine for driving at least one wheel of the vehicle, a traction battery of the vehicle, which can be charged by the electric machine via recuperation, and a clutch device arranged between the electric machine and the at least one wheel. The method has the following steps: ascertaining a maximum permitted recuperation power of the electric machine to be fed into the traction battery by the electric machine during a braking procedure of the vehicle; and setting a slip state of the clutch device such that the recuperation power generated by the electric machine during the slip operation of the clutch device does not exceed the maximum permitted recuperation power.

Abstract: A system is provided for performing an automated electrification operation for an electric vehicle (102) using a processor (122). An electrification controller (126) communicates with a model generation unit (128). The model generation unit (128) generates a model representative of a power consumption trend of the electric vehicle (102). The electrification controller (126) sets a target power margin for the electric vehicle (102) based on the model such that the target power margin is close to a minimum state-of-charge (SOC) threshold of an energy storage supply (124) of the electric vehicle (102). The target power margin represents a difference between the minimum SOC threshold and an ending power level of the energy storage supply (124) after completion of a mission associated with the electric vehicle (102). The processor (122) performs the automated electrification operation for the electric vehicle (102) based on the target power margin.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling charging security systems to enable sharing of charging stations, such as by allowing vehicle owners to use their cell phone or other device to request disarming or otherwise disabling a charging security system so that a corresponding charging station can be shared with another vehicle.

Abstract: A battery power system for powering at least one electric motor. The system comprises a main battery and an intermediate storage device electrically coupled to the main battery such that the intermediate storage device can be charged by the main battery, and the intermediate storage device being configured to supply power to the electric motor. The intermediate storage device is constructed and configured to accept and deliver charge at a higher rate than the main battery whilst having a lower energy storage capacity than the main battery.

Abstract: The braking control device includes a determination unit configured to determine whether a vehicle is in a stopped state; a setting unit configured to set a vehicle stop maintenance braking force necessary for maintaining the stopped state of the vehicle; and a control unit configured to execute, when the determination unit determines that the vehicle is in the stopped state and an actual braking force applied in the stopped state of the vehicle is greater than the vehicle stop maintenance braking force set by the setting unit, vehicle stop maintenance control for decreasing the actual braking force toward the vehicle stop maintenance braking force regardless of a required braking force required by at least one of a driver of the vehicle and another device.

Abstract: A method of determining when to increase an amount electrical energy available to a vehicle includes setting a parameter for a function describing a reference state of charge as a function of distance traveled, wherein the reference state of charge represents a state of charge of the vehicle at which the amount of electrical energy available to the vehicle should be increased. For each trip of the vehicle, the parameter for the function is modified so that different trips of a same vehicle use different functions for the reference state of charge.

Abstract: An apparatus of controlling regenerative braking for battery charging according to driving information may include a driving information generation device that generates the driving information of a vehicle, a controller that is configured to control regenerative braking of the vehicle according to the generated driving information, and a charging device that controls charging of a battery of the vehicle according to the controlled regenerative braking.

Abstract: A method for automatically setting an operating mode of a hybrid vehicle includes determining whether a distance to the destination is greater than a purely electrically travelable range of the hybrid vehicle, wherein the hybrid vehicle is automatically put into a hybrid mode if the distance to the destination is greater than the purely electrically travelable range of the hybrid vehicle, and the hybrid vehicle is automatically put into a purely electrical drive mode if the distance to the destination is not greater than the purely electrically travelable range of the hybrid vehicle. A corresponding control device and hybrid vehicle are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process to control a drive assembly includes the steps of providing a mathematical model associating a first quantity indicative of a torque delivered by a motor-generator with a second quantity indicative of a linear acceleration of a wheel hub unit, which receives the torque, acquiring a first signal indicative of the second quantity, determining a target signal of the first quantity by means of the mathematical model based on the acquired first signal, so that the torque indicated by the target signal involves at least a decrease in a difference between the second quantity and a reference, and controlling the motor-generator according to the determined target signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hybrid electric vehicle in which powertrain noise may be controlled to improve the voice command recognition performance of the vehicle control system and also improve the driver's experience with the audio guidance system, and a method for supporting audio input/output function for the same. A method of supporting audio input/output for a hybrid electric vehicle may include: determining a first condition for audio input/output function and a second condition for inside noise level; and performing a noise reduction control by inducing an engine-off state based on a current drive mode and further based on the first and the second conditions being satisfied.

Abstract: A method and system controller includes determining a power requirement for a vehicle system to complete a planned trip over a route. The method includes determining whether an amount of available power from the vehicle system is sufficient to propel the vehicle system to complete the planned trip by comparing the available power with the power requirement that is determined. The method includes changing one or more operational aspects of the planned trip based on the comparison between the amount of available power and the power requirement that is determined to generate a newly planned modified trip.

Abstract: A vehicle control device incudes a deceleration detection unit that detects a deceleration of a vehicle, a stop schedule specifying unit that specifies that the vehicle is scheduled to stop, a brake control unit that starts reducing a brake pressure when a vehicle speed of the vehicle becomes equal to or less than a threshold value, and a threshold value determination unit that determines the threshold value such that the threshold value increases as the deceleration detected by the deceleration detection unit increases after the stop schedule specifying unit specifies that the vehicle is scheduled to stop.

Abstract: A thermal management method includes obtaining a predicted temperature including a predicted value of an operating temperature of a target device, and controlling the target device to switch a thermal management according to the predicted temperature mode. The thermal management mode is used to adjust the operating temperature of the target device.

Abstract: A shift control method of a hybrid electric vehicle includes: determining a speed control torque based on a result of comparing a speed of an input end of a transmission with a target speed of the input end of the transmission according to a shift signal; distributing the speed control torque to a second motor connected directly to the input end of the transmission; and distributing a residual speed control torque to a first motor connected selectively to the second motor through an engine clutch based on whether the engine clutch is locked up when the speed control torque is greater than a charging limit torque of the second motor.

Abstract: A vehicle recharging system recharges a partially depleted battery of a moving electric vehicle. The system includes a dispatch server receiving a route from the electric vehicle as well as first and second segments along the route where the electric vehicle is to be recharged first and second times. First and second unmanned autonomous recharging vehicles (UARV's) receive from the dispatch server first and second rendezvous locations along the first and second segments of the route. The dispatch server determines an adjusted second rendezvous location for the second UARV in response to determining that the first UARV is delayed and determines if the second UARV still has sufficient range to recharge the electric vehicle when commencing at the adjusted second rendezvous location. The dispatch server transmits the adjusted second rendezvous location to the second UARV to intercept the electric vehicle at the adjusted second rendezvous location.

Abstract: A vehicle control system may be provided for controlling adhesion of wheels to a route surface. The control system includes one or more processors configured to determine adhesion values representative of adhesion between the wheels of a vehicle and the route surface based on angular speeds of the wheels. An artificial intelligence neural network may generate a target slip value for the wheels that are coupled with at least two different axles of the vehicle by processing the adhesion values and modifying the target slip value to increase an average value of the adhesion values of the wheels. The one or more processors may control a torque applied to at least one of the axles based on the target slip value.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a powertrain of an electric vehicle is disclosed. The powertrain comprises a traction motor and a battery for powering the traction motor. The control system is configured to detect a low state of charge of the battery and to operate the powertrain in a low state of charge mode when the low state of charge is detected. In the low state of charge mode, the control system adjusts at least one parameter of the powertrain, such as traction motor torque, powertrain cooling, accessory cooling and accessory power consumption, to reduce power drawn from the battery.

Abstract: A power converter has a capacitor and a power conversion unit having a series-connected unit composed of an upper arm side switching element and a lower arm side switching element. The capacitor is connected in parallel with the serios connection unit. The power conversion unit supplies electric power to a motor. A controller for the power conversion unit has a frequency characteristics estimation part estimating frequency characteristics of a battery current of the battery when a current is flowing between the power convertor and the battery, a ripple current setting part determining a ripple frequency of a ripple current contained in the battery current based on the frequency characteristics of the battery current, and a control part performing a switching control of the switching elements based on the ripple frequency in order to generate the ripple current.

Abstract: A method for controlling a powertrain of an electric vehicle. The method includes receiving a torque demand signal. Thereafter, a future power loss within the powertrain is estimated as a function of a torque distribution between at least two electric traction machines of the powertrain. Alternatively or additionally the loss can be estimated as a function of a free rolling state of at least one of the electric machines. Subsequently, a torque distribution between the electric traction machines is determined and/or a free rolling state of at least one of the electric machines is determined which minimizes the future power loss. Moreover, a corresponding data processing device, a corresponding computer program and a corresponding computer-readable medium are presented. Moreover, a powertrain for an electric vehicle is described. The powertrain includes such a data processing device and at least two electric traction machines and/or a clutch device.

Abstract: A power supply system for moving body, includes, a power generation unit, a power storage unit, a converter provided between the power generation unit and the power storage unit, the converter including a power storage unit-side converter terminal and a power generation unit-side converter terminal, an external connection terminal configured to electrically connect to an external device, a first switching unit configured to switch between connected and disconnected of the external connection terminal, the power storage unit, and the power storage unit-side converter terminal, a second switching unit configured to switch between connected and disconnected of the power generation unit-side converter terminal and the external connection terminal, a third switching unit configured to switch between connected and disconnected of the power generation unit-side converter terminal and the power generation unit, and a control device configured to control the first switching unit, the second switching unit, and the thi

Abstract: A hybrid system which can calculate various type of more proper required torques is provided while input factors which can be used for calculating the various types of required torques are limited. A hybrid system 2 includes a rotation sensor 31 which detects a rotation number of an engine 3, at least either one of an accelerator opening-degree sensor 61 which detects an accelerator opening degree and a rotation-number instruction unit 62 which transmits a rotation-number signal instructing a certain rotation number to the engine 3, and a control unit 5 which controls an operation of the engine 3.

Abstract: A method for identifying an electrical battery provided with an electrical interface, called the identification electrical interface, including several pins, called the identification pins, at least one of the identification pins being connectable to at least one other identification pin to assign an identifier to the battery, the method includes at least one iteration of a step of reading the identifier, including the following operations carried out alternately for each of the identification pins: polarising the identification pin at a predetermined electric potential (V1), called the test potential; and detecting whether or not the test potential (V1) is present on each of the other identification pins in order to identify the identification pins which are looped together.

Abstract: An autonomous delivery vehicle including locking storage containers may be used for item deliveries, rejections, returns, and/or third-party fulfillment. A delivery vehicle or robot may include a number of locking storage containers, an authorization interface, and one or more sensors to receive delivery requests, detect and authorize users, and control locker access at various delivery locations to allow users to receive delivered items, and reject or return items. The vehicle may also include a passenger compartment to transport one or more passengers. The vehicle may be reconfigurable to accommodate different combinations of lockers and/or passenger seats. An item delivery system may receive delivery requests and determine routes for delivery vehicles, including centralized delivery locations and/or direct deliveries to recipients.

Abstract: A method for providing a fleet service based on smell information includes, while the moving object is being used in the fleet system, monitoring smell information of a moving object, controlling an operation of the moving object based on the smell information, and determining a return zone of the moving object based on the smell information.

Abstract: A system for modeling energy consumption efficiency of an electric vehicle and a method thereof are disclosed. The system includes a communication device that communicates with a plurality of electric vehicles and includes a controller that receives learning data from the plurality of electric vehicles, learns an energy consumption efficiency model based on the received learning data, and transmits the energy consumption efficiency model in which the learning is completed to the plurality of electric vehicles.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for implementing power a power split between a first and a second power source in a fuel cell powertrain system. The method includes receiving an input into a processor of the fuel cell powertrain system, determining an output by the processor, communicating the output by the processor to a system controller and determining a power split by the system controller. The first power source includes a fuel cell system and the second power source is selected from a battery system or an engine, and the input includes a life or health of at least one of the first power source or the second power source.

Abstract: A charging system is provided. The charging system includes an arm mechanism configured to grasp a charging cable extending from the charging apparatus and connecting a charging cable to a vehicle-to-be-charged. The charging system includes a control unit configured to indicate the vehicle-to-be-charged a charging position for connecting the charging cable thereto. The control unit is configured to give a parking position adjustment instruction to either one of the vehicle-to-be-charged or a parking-section-for-charging sliding mechanism for moving vehicles parked in the charging area so as to make a first spacing to be wider than a second spacing. The first spacing is a spacing between the vehicle-to-be-charged and an adjacent vehicle on a charge port side of the vehicle-to-be-charged and the second spacing is a spacing between the vehicle-to-be-charged and an adjacent vehicle on a side opposite the charge port side of the vehicle-to-be-charged.

Abstract: A vehicle control system and method include processors that determine that an energy storage device of a vehicle will have insufficient energy to power a propulsion system of the vehicle under a first set of operational settings to move the vehicle from a first location within a powered segment to a designated second location that is outside of an unpowered segment of a route. Responsive to determining that the energy storage device will have insufficient energy, the processors change one or more settings of the vehicle to operate the vehicle under a second set of operational settings while the vehicle moves within the powered segment of the route to charge the energy storage device to a greater extent relative to operating of the vehicle according to the first set of operational settings.

Abstract: A regenerative braking control system for a vehicle can include one or more user interface elements located in a cabin of the vehicle. The one or more user interface elements can correspond to a plurality of regenerative braking settings. Each of the plurality of regenerative braking settings can correspond to a different amount of regenerative braking torque to apply to one or more wheels of the vehicle. The regenerative braking control system can include a processor operatively connected to the user interface elements. The processor can be configured to detect a condition, the condition can be the usage of the plurality of regenerative braking settings by an operator of the vehicle. Responsive to detecting the condition, the processor can be configured to cause the amount of regenerative braking torque for one or more of the plurality of regenerative braking settings to be adjusted based on the condition.

Abstract: A system for detecting diseases among plants includes a mobile device such as a smartphone, table, or personal computer, and a mobile robot which sends photographs of diseased plants to the mobile device including a plant name, disease type and location of the plant. The mobile robot includes a power supply, housing unit, camera, navigation unit, GPS unit, wireless transmitter, and traction unit for mobility of the robot. A geared motor drives the traction unit, and is connected to a low-level controller for motion control. A high-level controller is connected to the camera, navigation unit, GPS unit, and programmed with a convolutional neural network (CNN) configured to process images taken by the camera and associate with each image a plant type, disease type, and location of where the image was taken. The CNN may be a you only look once (YOLO) model trained with images from a dataset.

Abstract: An order management method applied to an electric vehicle is provided. An order allocation apparatus at a platform obtains information about each commercial vehicle and a location of a safe point. The information about the vehicle includes information about an electric commercial vehicle, for example, a current location and a remaining power of the vehicle. The order allocation apparatus selects a service vehicle for a passenger. When the service vehicle is the electric vehicle, it is ensured that a remaining power of the service vehicle is sufficient to complete a safe driving route, and the safe driving route is a route connecting a current location of the candidate vehicle, a start location, a destination location, and a location of a safe point closest to the destination location. The order allocation apparatus allocates an order to the service vehicle.

Abstract: An electric vehicle state control device of the present disclosure relates to an electric vehicle state notification device having, as states for operation safety related to parking/stopping, a key-on state in which a throttle is inactivated, a startup state in which the throttle is activated, and a driving state, and may comprise: a driving parameter confirmation unit for collecting measurement values of parameters related to the driving of an electric vehicle; a driving state determination/transition unit for determining the driving state of the electric vehicle from the collected measurement values of parameters related to the driving; and a driver notification unit for intuitively notifying a driver of the determined driving state of the electric vehicle.

Abstract: A method of providing financial service using financial service matrix based on BEV (battery electric vehicle) residual value and financial service system using the method can include determining, by a dynamic battery residual value determination device, a battery electric vehicle residual value variable based on a value of a battery for the battery electric vehicle. The method can also include generating, by a battery electric vehicle financial product generation device, a battery electric vehicle-based financial product. The financial product can be generated based on a financial product generation matrix, and the financial product generation matrix can be generated based on the battery electric vehicle residual value variable and a battery electric vehicle return option variable.

Abstract: A vehicle is partitioned into a vehicle interior and a front room in front of a vehicle interior by a dash panel extending upward from a floor panel, an internal combustion engine is disposed in the front room, an exhaust pipe extends in a front-rear direction below the floor panel, a heat shielding member is disposed above the exhaust pipe so as to cross the exhaust pipe when viewed from an upper-lower direction, a plurality of heat exchangers fixed to a bracket are fixed to a lower side of the floor panel such that they are located behind the front room, above the heat shielding member, and at least partially overlap the heat shielding member when viewed from the upper-lower direction, and the heat shielding member is divided into a first heat shielding plate and a second heat shielding plate in the front-rear direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power-supplying and driving circuit of an active equalization matrix switch of a battery management system of a vehicle. The power-supplying and driving circuit includes a boost circuit, a constant current source circuit and a driver. The boost circuit includes a first input end and a first output end; the constant current source circuit includes a constant current driving signal output end; the first input end is connected to the positive pole of a battery pack of a matrix switch circuit; the first output end is connected to the constant current source circuit to provide high potential for the constant current source circuit to drive the matrix switch circuit; the constant current driving signal output end is connected to the matrix switch circuit to drive the matrix switch circuit; and the driver is used for controlling the constant current source circuit to output a constant current driving signal.

Abstract: A system for providing a multi-modal control plane for device energy consumption and charging is disclosed. The system includes a plurality of devices each having a charging mechanism in selective electrical communication with an energy provider which supplies a charge to each of the plurality of devices via the charging mechanism. One or more reinterpretation layers translate the information received from the plurality of devices. A control plane receives the information from the plurality of devices and transmits the information to an aggregation service to collect the plurality of information, interpret the plurality of information, and to control and plan output of energy from the energy provider.

Abstract: Disclosed are an anti-overturning warning method and an anti-overturning warning apparatus for a work machine, a work machine and an electronic device. The anti-overturning warning method includes: acquiring a plurality of positive pressures collected by a plurality of pressure sensors. The plurality of pressure sensors are respectively provided at a plurality of supporting wheels of the work machine; obtaining an intersection point where a gravity direction of the work machine intersects a ground based on the plurality of positive pressures; and obtaining an outer contour of the plurality of supporting wheels, and performing a warning of an overturning risk of the work machine based on the intersection point and the outer contour of the plurality of supporting wheels.

Abstract: An electrified vehicle includes an electric machine, a traction battery selectively connected to the electric machine, a human-machine interface (HMI), and a controller programmed to, after receiving a signal from the HMI enabling towed vehicle operation of the electrified vehicle, control the electric machine to generate a regenerative braking torque in response to deceleration of the electrified vehicle exceeding an associated deceleration threshold and road grade being below a road grade threshold. The controller may also be programmed to control friction brakes of the electrified vehicle in response to the deceleration exceeding the associated threshold. The controller may control brake lights of the electrified vehicle in response to the regenerative braking and/or friction braking. Regenerative and friction braking may be released in response to acceleration exceeding a corresponding threshold.

Abstract: A launch control technique for a vehicle having a torque generating system comprises displaying, via a user interface, information relating to a set of launch torque curves, each launch torque curve defining how the torque generating system is to generate drive torque during a period, receiving, via the user interface, a driver-selection of one of the set of launch torque curves to obtain a driver-selected launch torque curve, detecting a set of launch conditions comprising one or more vehicle operating conditions indicative of a launch of the vehicle, detecting a launch request in response to an accelerator pedal of the vehicle being depressed, and controlling the launch of the vehicle by performing open-loop control of the drive torque generated by the torque generating system according to the driver-selected launch torque curve and irrespective of wheel slip of the vehicle.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention relate to a method and to a control system for a vehicle, the vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine configured to provide torque to a first axle of the vehicle for generating first axle wheel torque, and an electric machine configured to provide torque to a second axle of the vehicle for generating second axle wheel torque, the method comprising: outputting a torque request for the engine and a torque request for the electric machine, the torque requests having a first ratio dependent on a required torque split between the first axle wheel torque and the second axle wheel torque, wherein received first axle wheel torque and received second axle wheel torque have a second variable ratio dependent on a difference between wheel torque response capabilities of the engine and of the electric machine; determining that a trigger condition is satisfied; and controlling, in dependence on satisfaction of the trigger condition, determination of the torque request for the elect

Abstract: A self-propelled, one-wheeled vehicle may include a board having two deck portions each having a concave front footpad configured to receive a foot of a rider, and a wheel assembly disposed between the deck portions. The concave front footpad has a rider detection sensor in the form of a membrane switch conforming to the shape of the footpad (e.g., facilitated by one or more slots formed in the membrane switch). A motor assembly drives the vehicle in response to board orientation and rider detection information. The vehicle may have a secondary battery chargeable via a three-pin charging port including an input pin, a ground pin, and an identification pin configured to receive an expected identification signal from an external charging circuit.

Abstract: A battery control device includes: a charging/discharging control unit; an outside air temperature acquiring unit; and a state-of-charge upper limit setting unit setting a state-of-charge upper limit which is an upper limit of the management range of the state of charge when the acquired outside air temperature is lower than a predetermined air temperature to a low-temperature state-of-charge upper limit which is lower than the state-of-charge upper limit when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined air temperature. The battery control device further includes a state-of-charge lower limit setting unit setting a state-of-charge lower limit when the acquired outside air temperature is lower than the predetermined air temperature to a low-temperature state-of-charge lower limit which is lower than the state-of-charge lower limit when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined air temperature.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a controller comprising: input means for receiving from a communication means associated with a vehicle a request for a first prediction of a first attribute associated with the vehicle; processing means for determining the first prediction of the first attribute in dependence on the request, wherein the first prediction comprises an indication of the first attribute and an indication of a first confidence associated with the first attribute; and output means for outputting, via the communication means, a first prediction response comprising the first prediction.

Abstract: Systems and methods for customizing one or more performance characteristics of a vehicle are provided. The systems and methods may be used with electric powersport vehicles and may facilitate expanded customization capabilities and a wide range of operator experiences available with the vehicle. A method of operating an electric vehicle includes receiving, via an operator interface, a value of an individually-variable parameter defining a propulsive performance characteristic of the electric vehicle, and, when the electric motor is driven to propel the vehicle, regulating an output of the electric motor based on the value of the individually-variable parameter.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a voltage conversion circuit, a control method, a DC/DC converter and a device. The voltage conversion circuit includes a failure isolation module, a soft start module, and a voltage conversion module. The voltage conversion module includes an output filter capacitor. Both a first terminal of the failure isolation module and a first terminal of the soft start module are connected to a positive electrode of a first battery, both a second terminal of the failure isolation module and a second terminal of the soft start module are connected to a first terminal of the output filter capacitor, and a second terminal of the output filter capacitor is connected to a negative electrode of the first battery. The soft start module is configured to connect the first battery and the output filter capacitor, so that the first battery charges the output filter capacitor.

Abstract: A power distribution management method includes receiving accelerator pedal opening information sent by a hybrid vehicle; on the basis of the accelerator pedal opening information, respectively compiling statistics on a first opening change rate when the accelerator pedal opening is in a starting interval and when the accelerator pedal opening is increased and a second opening change rate when the accelerator pedal opening is in an overtaking interval and when the accelerator pedal opening is increased, the starting interval corresponding to a first preset range of the accelerator pedal opening, and the overtaking interval corresponding to a second preset range of the accelerator pedal opening; calculating a driver feature coefficient on the basis of the first opening change rate and the second opening change rate; and sending the driver feature coefficient to the hybrid vehicle.

Abstract: A power system, responsive to a detected change in an onboard charger or a generator, switches a converter from a first conversion setting, in which a first low voltage value of a medium-voltage bus port is converted to a first high voltage value of a high-voltage bus port, to a second conversion setting, in which a second low voltage value of the medium-voltage bus port is converted to the first high voltage value of the high-voltage bus port.

Abstract: A processor unit (3) is configured for executing an MPC algorithm (13) for model predictive control of a first component (18) of a motor vehicle (1) and of a second component (19) of the motor vehicle (1). The MPC algorithm (13) includes a cost function (15) to be minimized and a dynamic model (14) of the motor vehicle (1). The dynamic model (14) includes a loss model (27) of the motor vehicle (1). The loss model (27) describes an overall loss of the motor vehicle (1). The cost function (15) includes a first term, which represents the overall loss of the motor vehicle (1). The overall loss depends on a combination of operating values, which includes a first value of a first operating parameter and a second value of a second operating parameter. The processor unit (3) is also configured for determining, by executing the MPC algorithm (13) as a function of the loss model (14), that combination of operating values, by which the first term of the cost function (15) is minimized.

Abstract: An electrical power conversion apparatus is provided in which a heat generation abnormality-state such as an abnormal state of a cooling device is determined earlier in its determination, so that it becomes possible to securely perform a protective operation even in the heat generation abnormality-state. A control device estimates a change rate of a temperature detection value on the basis of a switching-element loss calculation value of a semiconductor switching element(s) calculated at least based on an electric current detection value, and compares a temperature-detection change-rate calculation value calculated from a temperature detection value with a temperature-detection change-rate estimation value, so that a heat generation abnormality-state of the semiconductor switching element(s) is estimated.

Abstract: A method of controlling an electric marine propulsion system configured to propel a marine vessel includes receiving a user-set distance, identifying a battery charge level of a power storage system on a marine vessel and identifying an energy utilization value. An output limit is then determined based on a remaining distance, the battery charge level, and the energy utilization value. The propulsion system is then automatically controlled so as to not exceed the output limit, enabling the marine vessel to travel the user-set distance without recharging the power storage system.