Abstract: The information processing system includes: an information processor operating in an active state and a power saving state consuming less power than the active state, and recovering to the active state by receiving a signal in the power saving state and processing information in the signal; a signal transmitting device transmitting a signal to the information processor; and a communication line establishing communication between the information processor and the signal transmitting device. The signal transmitting device transmits the signal after appending, to a predetermined region inside the signal, the identification information for identifying a processing content of the signal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for providing advertising content for display in a page over a network. A plurality of advertisements are determined that are qualified for display at a location in the page. When an advertiser has stores located at a plurality of geographic sites, only one advertisement for a store located at a first geographic site may be displayed. Thereafter, the advertisement for a store located at a second geographic site different from the first geographic site may be displayed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a peer-to-peer (P2P) network for providing real time media recommendations. The P2P network includes a central server interconnecting a number of peer devices. In operation, a proxy function of the central server receives media recommendations from one or more peer devices that are active and online as media presentations identified by the media recommendations are played by the peer devices. The one or more peer devices are included in a group of peer devices associated with a first peer device. The proxy function provides the media recommendations to the first peer device. An augmentation function of the central server monitors a recommendation level of the first peer device. If the recommendation level falls below a minimum recommendation level, the augmentation function augments the media recommendations provided to the first peer device to increase the recommendation level to or above the minimum recommendation level.

Abstract: A system and method of interactive consumer marketing includes marketing channels specifically and directly focused upon particular goods or services of a sponsor for a specific time period. Interactive engagement of potential consumers necessarily results from the marketing channels and further dialog and broadcast maximizes results and return on costs, with a singular and short-term commitment.

Abstract: A retailer computer system receives from a first computing device a shopping recap having data indicative of one or more products that were shown to a customer by the sales associate while the customer was within a retail establishment. The received shopping recap is stored within a data repository where it is linked to a customer identifier that is associated with the customer and an associate identifier that is associated with the sale associate. If the customer later purchases a product, data indicative of the product being purchased is compared against data within any shopping recap that is linked to that customer to determine if a sales associate that is also linked to any shopping recap linked to that customer is to be awarded a commission for the product being purchased. The purchase of the product by the customer may further generate a digital receipt where the digital receipt includes a notice that the customer is being awarded an incentive, such as a coupon.

Abstract: A method for a voter to vote using an electoral system. An electoral system includes a computing system for accessing a database having first and second data sets correlated to a roster of eligible voters and to a voting record that is associated with each of those eligible voters. The method of voting includes the voter providing indentifying information, which causes the computing system to verify that the voter is on the roster of eligible voters and eligible to vote in the election. The voter interacts with the computing system to cast a preliminary vote and then commits the preliminary vote. The voter may also interact with the computing system to perform a government accountability program in which elected officials may be voted on for sanctions or removal from office when the elected official has lost the confidence of the associated electoral district.

Abstract: A method and system for securely voting over a network, such as a global computer network, involves a system which delivers an electronic ballot from a server with the server's private key and a vote serial number on the ballot to an individual terminal connected to the network. The ballot may be filled in and a subset of the filled-in ballot is created with a digital signature created from the individual's secret key on the subset of the ballot corresponding to the ballot choices. The subset of the filled-in ballot together with the individual's electronic signature, and a vote serial number is then delivered to the server. A data element is then created to record a subset of the ballot in a data store at the server, in which the ballot vote information is retained as a vote.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for social shopping on a network-based marketplace. The method receives, over a network at a social shopping platform, a request from a user in a first community of users. The social shopping platform includes multiple network-based marketplaces respectively associated with communities that include the first community of users that is associated with a first network-based marketplace. The method identifies the first network-based marketplace from the network-based marketplaces based on the request. The request is for an activity associated with the first network-based marketplace. The first network-based marketplace is used by the first community of users to transact items of a single domain that is of interest to the first community of users. The method updates a listing reputation score based on the activity associated with the first network-based marketplace and a user reputation score based on the listing reputation score.

Abstract: Micro-donations are received from users for various items of content published by different content providers. The micro-donations are aggregated into the user accounts and the content provider accounts until a transaction condition is satisfied. When the transaction condition is satisfied for the user account, a process to collect the micro-donation amount contributed by a respective user to different content providers is effectuated. When the transaction condition is satisfied for a content provider account, the micro-donation amount received from different users and aggregated within the content provider account is provided to the respective content provider. Various user and content provider incentives are implemented to encourage participation by the users and the content providers.

Abstract: Micro-donations are received from users for various items of content published by different content providers. The micro-donations are aggregated into the user accounts and the content provider accounts until a transaction condition is satisfied. When the transaction condition is satisfied for the user account, a process to collect the micro-donation amount contributed by a respective user to different content providers is effectuated. When the transaction condition is satisfied for a content provider account, the micro-donation amount received from different users and aggregated within the content provider account is provided to the respective content provider. Various user and content provider incentives are implemented to encourage participation by the users and the content providers.

Abstract: A method for rewarding participants of a voting event is to be performed by a computing device, and includes: hosting the voting event for participation by the participants; presenting description information of candidates of the voting event; receiving inputs to vote from the participants, each of the inputs to vote corresponding independently to one of the candidates; selecting a winning candidate according to numbers of inputs to vote corresponding to the candidates; and providing a reward to the participants from which the inputs to vote corresponding to the winning candidate were received, the reward including beneficial information associated with the winning candidate.

Abstract: A method includes identifying a media file for distribution and identifying a plurality of commercial messages as possible content that can be associated with the media file when it is distributed. Votes from a plurality of customers can be received, with each vote reflecting a customer's preference for at least one of the plurality of commercial messages. The votes can be calculated and at least one preferred commercial message can be designated based on the calculation. At least one preferred commercial message can be associated with the media file to create a combined media file and the combined media file can be distributed and/or made available for distribution.

Abstract: Whilst partaking in a traditional electronic questionnaire survey, responses given by any one respondent are almost always influenced by that person's emotional state due to the survey format. This emotional content skews the results thus obtained making them inaccurate, so that statistical methods become necessary to interpret the results. Such a statistical analyses requires not only a minimum sample size but also to be interpreted, which can also lead to false, non repeatable results. However, by structuring the system and method of the electronic questionnaire survey in accordance with a strict set of guidelines, it is possible to measure a respondent's views on any subject matter both emotionally and rationally, together with the respondent's level of conviction. By comparing the emotional responses with the rational responses, a truly quantifiable and repeatable measure of respondent satisfaction towards the subject matter can be achieved, which also allows benchmarking as an added benefit.

Abstract: A method for generating and allocating a charitable donation or investment through a membership-based service, which method comprises: searching for an affiliate which is participating or willing to participate in the membership-based service; making a purchase from the affiliate by a member of the membership-based service for a purchase price; determining a charitable amount of the purchase price to be remitted by the affiliate to the member's charitable account; the member selecting which charitable organization or investment will receive at least an allocated portion of the charitable amount; and distributing the allocated portion of the charitable amount to the selected charitable organization or investment.

Abstract: System and methods for controlling advertisements and user popularity within an online social media network includes providing celebrity created content to non-celebrity members and embedding celebrity approved advertisements into the content. Upon determining that a member has voted to subscribe to the celebrity for a predetermined period of time, the celebrity popularity rating is increased, and upon determining that a user has clicked on an approved advertisement, the celebrity is compensated by the sponsor.

Abstract: Computer systems and methods using servers in a communication network, including computer processors and computer-readable media with instructions to cause them to perform operations, including disseminating a reward page to communication platforms on the network. The reward page could include an associated goal or need and an initial reward amount. Further, the communication platforms can be accessed by contacts, receive a request from contacts to modify the associated initial reward amount, and upon validation of the request, update the reward page to indicate the modified reward amount. Also, disseminate the reward page with the modified reward amount on the network, to receive, from the contacts, solution opportunities to achieve the goal or need associated with the reward page. Then select solution opportunities to achieve the goal or need of the reward page and award the modified reward amount to a recipient who submitted the selected solution opportunity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer based ballot system and apparatus enabling polling to be implemented via Wide Area Networks, such as the Internet. A computer based ballot system is provided. A user is able to cast a vote utilizing a voting device in the form of a computing process, via a voting interface, which may be a distributed computing element, distributed by web pages. Web pages may be blogger sites, social sites, media sites. Persons may be able place votes relating to the content of the various web pages.

Abstract: A system for resolving disputes in an online answers community is disclosed. The system improves the system's ability to resolve reports of abuse.

Abstract: System and method may use assessment information obtained by assessing original content items or creators of the original content items in accordance with a hierarchical talent assessment process, to return search results responsive to a search for talented original content creators. The assessments of the creators and the content items by talent assessors may be monitored to increase the objectivity of the search results returned responsive to a search for talented original content creators.

Abstract: A recursive voting method: creating an original initiative which requires a vote response, transmitting the original initiative to first tier recipient(s); transmitting the initiative by at least one first tier recipient to at least one second tier recipient to provide selected second tier recipients; receiving by each first tier recipient a tabulation of vote responses from the selected second tier recipients to provide a second tier vote tabulation; providing a first tier vote tabulation for each first tier recipient according to the second tier vote tabulation and a vote response from the first tier recipient; sending a first tier vote tabulation for each first tier recipient to the creator of the original initiative to provide an originator total tabulation, submitting a petition according to the originator total tabulation, wherein a preponderance of support responses is needed for the initiative to be submitted for petition; transmitting a vote update.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to determining an availability of an actual good and/or service based on activity of or with respect to a virtual icon on one or more webpages. The virtual icon can represent the actual good and/or service. The activity of or with respect to the virtual icon on the webpage(s) can be monitored and a determination of whether a conversion criteria has been satisfied can be made based on the monitored activity. The availability of the actual good or service can be based on satisfaction of the conversion criteria. In an alternative exemplary embodiment, a method of determining an availability of an actual good and/or service is provided based on a value of or with respect to a virtual icon on one or more webpages. The value of or with respect to the virtual icon on the webpage(s) can be compared to a value criteria to determine whether a value criteria has been satisfied.

Abstract: A method of protecting the privacy of a signature that may be used in, for example, a vote by mail system, that includes creating a distorted version of the registration signature, storing the distorted version of the registration signature, and storing a mechanism for converting the distorted registration signature into an undistorted registration signature. The stored mechanism may later be used to reverse the distortion so that the undistorted signature can be used in a verification process.

Abstract: An online communications platform provides an online social networking address book. In some embodiments, the platform further provides one or more of group purchase of advocacy or other services, a crowd-sourced vote-counting mechanism for legislative issues, and support on target selection, tactic prioritization, fundraising, supporter recruitment, campaign marketing, and content creation and aggregation. According to some embodiments, an online communication platform may be realized as a computer-implemented method for communicating using social networks. The method may comprise specifying content for a message using a blast tool, gathering specified contacts from a plurality of social networks, and associating the message with the specified contacts. The method may further comprise formatting, using a formatting module, the digital content separately for each of a plurality of social networks, wherein the formatting is capable of altering the digital content based on a social network.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer-readable media are provided for conducting an election. In one exemplary embodiment, there is provided a method for ensuring integrity of an electronic ballot. The method can include creating electronic ballots for voters based on votes received from the voters; digitally signing the electronic ballots; storing the signed electronic ballots; retrieving the signed electronic ballots from storage; verifying the digital signatures on the retrieved electronic ballots; and presenting the voters with validation pages derived from the retrieved electronic ballots, the validation pages including a user interface element for the voters to confirm that the retrieved electronic ballots accurately reflect their vote.

Abstract: A voting application is integrated into a conference application to create a voting conference, and the conference outcome automatically initiates a process that is a function of the outcome.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a software tool that interfaces with a campaign's Field Operations and allows for voter education, motivation and getting voters out to vote is presented. The software tool incorporates a number of voter informational data fields to provide users of the software with a Voter Score, Voter Scorecard, Post-Election Voter History, Household Visualization, Voter Support Visualization, Household Mailing Labels, E-Mail Voter Footer, and Voter List of Friends and Family.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring and judging activities in a virtual world environment are disclosed. The method comprises a first user engaging in an activity in the virtual world environment, a witness witnessing the first activity and reporting the activity to a monitor as possibly malicious, and the monitor organizing a jury comprised of a plurality of jurors. The jurors view and judge the activity in the virtual world environment; and on the basis of this judging, defined benefits in the virtual world environment are awarded to the witness, monitor and jurors. The method may further comprise penalizing the first user in the virtual world environment. For instance, if the first user has friends in the virtual world environment, the penalizing may include penalizing these friends.

Abstract: An electronic voting system provides increased transparency to the public and verification for the individual voters regarding the tallying of their respective votes. A voting record can be made available electronically, thereby eliminating the need to provide a voter with a paper ballot. A voting record identifier is generated without use of, or reference to, voter identity. The voting record identifier is provided to the voter, such that the voter can access a record of his ballot selections and vote number sequence. In addition, a biometric authentication mechanism is provided to reduce, or eliminate, the potential that a voter is able to vote more than once.

Abstract: To promote computerization of exchange of various data, etc., between a listed corporation and its individual shareholders. An individual shareholder management apparatus includes an individual shareholder client terminal, an individual shareholder management server connected to the individual shareholder client terminal through a network, and a database group including an individual shareholder database connected to the individual shareholder management server.

Abstract: A voting method requiring the voter to numerically rank, n candidates on a ballot; programming a computer to tally the number of 1'st priority votes for each candidate and then eliminate one candidate having the least number of 1'st priority votes, and then to recast the eliminated votes based on the 2'nd priority; if the number of remaining candidates n is ?3 then the computer is to again eliminate the candidate which has the least number of votes, including recast votes; whereafter the computer is to recast the votes assigned to the eliminated candidate, based on the ballot priority choices, and using a highest priority choice for the each voter to reassign his vote to one a remaining candidate; reiterating the immediately prior step until the number of remaining candidates is reduced to 2. The one candidate having the most initial and subsequently recast votes is determined the winner.

Abstract: A ballot box assembly includes a secure location for storing a paper ballot generated by an interactive user terminal. The assembly includes a housing, a ballot storage chamber, an aperture and a drive assembly. The housing is provided for holding the ballot generated by the interactive user terminal. The housing includes a coupling portion for removably securing the housing to the interactive user terminal. The ballot storage chamber is disposed within the housing. The aperture is provided for receiving the ballot from the interactive user terminal when the housing is secured to the interactive user terminal. The aperture passes through the housing. The drive assembly is provided for conveying the ballot from the aperture to the inner ballot storage chamber. The drive assembly selectively blocks passage of the ballot between the aperture and the ballot storage chamber. An input device is provided for authenticating a voting session.

Abstract: An online community for users of a financial services product, such as credit card users, and various features of such communities. For example, the members can share profits based on community performance, provide feedback and vote on ways to improve the financial services product experience, and help one other when possible. The online community can provide status indicators corresponding to members' engagement within the online community, publish the profit and loss statement of the financial services product associated with the community, provide a decline process that facilitates approval to the community for customers with improving credit, link members' deposits to provide a higher interest rate, automatically transfer balances between banks, and pay referral fees to the community.

Abstract: Officials using computers research and create lists of Certified Registered Voters and Proxies whom are sent computer encoded ballots and return containers. Each Ballot and correlated Receipt(s) share a unique Random Symbolic Identifier (RSID) and use embedded Security Elements to prevent counterfeiting. For privacy, before voting, Voters-Proxies optionally exchange ballots and return containers within their Voting Region, validating ballots electronically or in-person by submitting Ballot Validation RSID to Officials. Voter-Proxy completes ballot(s), adds Personal Security Identifier(s), receives ballot receipt, delivery receipt upon sending ballot to Officials via postal mail, Interactive Television, Internet, Telephone, Fax, Email, In-person. Received ballots are electronically-optically recorded; if timely and authentic, voter selections are extracted, tallied if properly marked, and published to Voters' private data area accessed via Receipt RSID.

Abstract: An exemplary networking system incorporating parliamentary procedures where standards may be built, debated, adopted and enforced by a plurality of organizations and users is set forth. The parliamentary procedure of each organization is itself a standard, which may be managed by the system. A system, method and/or computer program product may include a method for building structured documents by a collaborative process over computer networks, including: receiving, by at least one processor, from one or more organization(s) a configurable parliamentary structure; receiving, by the at least one processor, from the organization(s) at least one organizational bylaw for the organization(s) defined in at least one document; and receiving, by the at least one processor, at least one edit for the at least one document, adoptable by the organization(s); wherein said at least one organizational bylaw comprises computer readable instructions enforceable by the at least one processor system.

Abstract: A ballot paper and a voting system. The paper ballot is initially a voted ballot paper including: a recorded vote including candidate/party information for an election on a voting day in a jurisdiction, a burnable radio frequency identification (RFID) tag including a fuse not blown, and a basic RFID tag storing the jurisdiction's signature. The recorded vote is not revealable while the fuse is not blown and is revealable responsive to the fuse being blown. The voting system includes a ballot box and a ballot counting machine. The ballot box is configured to receive and authenticate the voted ballot paper and to generate a verified ballot paper. The ballot counting machine is configured to receive and authenticate the verified ballot paper, to effectuate a blowing of the fuse to reveal the recorded vote and to subsequently count the ballot paper and direct the ballot paper to a candidate box.

Abstract: An online application which combines election service with social media for voter-candidate matching includes a plurality of user accounts. The plurality of user accounts includes a plurality of voter accounts and a plurality of candidate accounts. Each of the user accounts includes a profile where the profile can be a voter profile or a candidate profile. The plurality of voter accounts is able to select a specific candidate profile from the candidate profiles, where the specific candidate profile includes a plurality of information. The plurality of user accounts also gets to compare different candidate profiles in order to gain a better understanding about the candidate profiles. The plurality of voter accounts and the plurality of candidate accounts are also able to gain a particular political view through a list of political questions, participate in daily political polls, participate in straw polls, and interact with other campaign related activities.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and method that allows a central election office to maintain control over actions taken on voting devices located at various polling locations. In an exemplary embodiment, a poll worker or other user contacts the central election office with a request to perform an action on a voting device. An election management system located at the central election office executes a hashing algorithm to generate a first hash code associated with the action. The central election office communicates the first hash code to the polling location, and the poll worker or other user inputs the first hash code into the voting device. The voting device executes the same hashing algorithm to generate a second hash code associated with the action, and compares the second hash code to the first hash code to verify the validity of the first hash code.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for generating a list signature for a message to be signed, said method comprising steps which are carried out by an electronic material support of a member of a list. During said step, the electronic material support only generates an electronic signature according to a sequence number supplied to the electronic material support by a certifying authority, according to evidence of belonging to the list of members, to data relating to the electronic material support, and optionally to a key of an authority qualified to lift the anonymity of the generated signature.

Abstract: An method and system for partnering with fashion and design industries to create limited-edition, exclusive product. A designer is asked to submit 3-4 sketches each of 4-6 related styles in a collection, along with swatches of fabrics and colorways of the fabrics. Buyers each select, for each style in the collection, a preferred combination of silhouette, fabric and color and the system records each selection through a Multilateral Voting Matrix on an e-commerce platform.

Abstract: A method for scoring changes of components of a concept by a group of evaluators in a collective decision process is presented. First, the level of disagreement with the components is collected together with comments indicating desired changes. The expected incremental decrease of the overall disagreement level achievable by a component change is computed for a given probability that a formulation can be found that is acceptable by both agreeing and disagreeing evaluators. Performing this computation for different values of the compromise probability yields a score indicating the expected incremental decrease in overall disagreement achievable by a component change. Next, alternative formulations for the selected components are drafted and subjected to a second round of voting. For each component the alternative yielding the maximum incremental improvement of overall consent is selected, where the sequence in which the components are scrutinized is determined by the score computed in the first step.

Abstract: A system and method for a voter to vote using an electoral system (100). The electoral system (100) includes a computing system (101) for accessing a database having first and second data sets. The first data set is correlated to a roster of eligible voters; the second data set is correlated to a voting record that is associated with each of those eligible voters. The method of voting includes the voter providing indentifying information, which causes the computing system (101) to verify that the voter is on the roster of eligible voters and eligible to vote in the election. The voter interacts with the computing system (101) to cast a preliminary vote and then commits the preliminary vote. When the preliminary vote is committed, the computing system records an information indicative of the preliminary vote and updates the voting record in the second data set associated with the particular voter.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes generating a request of an entity based on a set of attributes provided by an initiating patron of the entity using a processor of an initiator device. The method also includes associating an aggregation environment to the request. The method further includes allocating an initial consideration to the aggregation environment from the initiating patron. In addition, the method includes allocating, to the initial consideration, an additional consideration provided when a different patron contributes the additional consideration to the aggregation environment of the request using a processor of a supporter device. The method also includes allocating the consideration of the initiating patron and the different patron to the aggregation environment of the request to increase a value of the request to the entity in order to increase a possibility of the entity to respond to the request using a processor of an entity device.

Abstract: A mobilized polling station is deployable for voting in remote locations. The mobilized polling station includes a mobile polling server that stores a voter registration depository identifying potential voters and a ballot repository of blank ballots for the potential voters. Various client devices, such as smart phones, tablets computers, connect to the mobile polling server for voters to enter their credentials, receive the appropriate ballots, and cast their votes. The cast votes are collected by the mobile polling server and then provided to an election center for counting. Versions of mobilized polling station can operate with limited or no power and communications infrastructure.

Abstract: A system and method for processing vote-by-mail ballot envelopes is disclosed. The system comprises a processor operable to asynchronously process each of a plurality of ballot envelopes by (i) verifying that the registered voter associated with the ballot envelope is eligible to vote, (ii) verifying that a signature written on the ballot envelope corresponds to the signature of the registered voter, (iii) verifying that personal information written on the ballot envelope corresponds to the personal information of the registered voter, and (iv) generating batch information if the ballot envelope passes all of the verification steps or exception information if the ballot envelope fails any one of the verification steps. The system also comprises a storage device operable to store the batch information or exception information, as applicable, for each of the ballot envelopes.

Abstract: A method and system for adjudicating measurement data in real time and re-adjudicating a segment of an input measurement data stream upon submission of a new adjudication instruction in a service level evaluation system. An adjudication instruction associated with a service level is received. Measurement data including a first measurement data point is received. The received adjudication instruction is applied in real time to the first measurement data point to generate a first adjudicated measurement data point. A service level is evaluated based on the first adjudicated measurement data point. To re-adjudicate the data stream segment, a new adjudication instruction is received and the segment is identified. The input data stream's adjudication is suspended and the stream is queued into storage. The segment of measurement data is retrieved and re-adjudicated by applying the new adjudication instruction. The input data stream's adjudication is resumed afterwards from the queued input stream.

Abstract: A smart card, system, and method for securely authorizing a user or user device using the smart card is provided. The smart card is configured to provide, upon initialization or a request for authentication, a public key to the user input device such that the PIN or password entered by the user is encrypted before transmission to the smart card via a smart card reader. The smart card then decrypts the PIN or password to authorize the user. Preferably, the smart card is configured to provide both a public key and a nonce to the user input device, which then encrypts a concatenation or other combination of the nonce and the user-input PIN or password before transmission to the smart card. The smart card reader thus never receives a copy of the PIN or password in the clear, allowing the smart card to be used with untrusted smart card readers.

Abstract: Electronically published compilations are provided. The compilations typically include a plurality of incumbent entries that are subject to replacement by candidate revisions through successive elections by an electorate of voters, e.g., human voters. Also provided are methods for improving existing compilations through elections. Election rules, history, dates and times, and election results may provide a measure of quality of the winning revision. Such compilations, when properly designed and implemented, may be viewed as an authoritative reference work that may ultimately serve as a “Rosetta Stone” for a semantic web.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for filtering a pool of image designs. Votes for a plurality of image designs are received, the votes forming a distribution across the pool of image designs. A mean, a confidence interval, and a minimum are determined for the distribution based on the plurality of votes. A determination is made as to whether a break-point threshold has been reached for the pool of image designs, where the break-point threshold is based on the mean, the confidence interval, and the minimum. A further determination is made as to whether each particular design should be removed from consideration after the break-point threshold has been met, where a particular design is removed from consideration based on a mean of votes for the particular design and a confidence interval for the particular design. Image designs that have not been removed from consideration are then given preferential treatment when selecting the images to display.

Abstract: A secure data parser is provided that may be integrated into any suitable system for securely storing and communicating data. The secure data parser parses data and then splits the data into multiple portions that are stored or communicated distinctly. Encryption of the original data, the portions of data, or both may be employed for additional security. The secure data parser may be used to protect data in motion by splitting original data into portions of data, that may be communicated using multiple communications paths.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory system adapted for securely registering votes within a voting system is described. The votes are encoded as a set of logically grouped cells based on a voter's selection of an item. The encoding assures that the votes are easily distinguishable by a read circuit.