Abstract: A method includes causing display of events that correspond to search results of a search query in a table. The table includes rows representing events comprising data items of event attributes, columns forming cells with the row, the columns representing respective event attributes, and interactive regions corresponding to one or more data items of the displayed data items. The method also includes in response to the user selecting a designated interactive region, causing display of a list of options, each displayed option corresponding to an interface template for composing query commands, and based on the user selecting an option in the displayed list of options, causing one or more commands to be added to the search query, the one or more commands composed based on the one or more data items that corresponds to the designated interactive region according to instructions of the interface template of the selected option.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, an apparatus, an electronic device and a medium for event extraction. The method comprises: extracting a plurality of named entities from a document as a plurality of event arguments. The method further includes determining an event type and a template corresponding to the event type in the document. The method also includes filling the plurality of event arguments in respective locations in the template to generate a plurality of candidate event records, and filtering the plurality of candidate event records to obtain one or more target event record. In this way, respective candidate event records are generated through iteration while event extraction is performed at a document level, which can avoid performance fluctuations caused by manual selection of an event role generation sequence, and can also avoid under-fitting brought about by parallel generation to thus improve the event extraction accuracy.

Abstract: A space-efficient change journal for a storage system is provided. The storage system includes a memory having computer readable instructions stored therein. The system further includes a processor configured to access a log structure merge (LSM) tree-based metadata index having metadata for the storage system. The LSM tree-based metadata index includes indices placed in a plurality of indexing layers and one or more indices are merged within the indexing layers in response to updates to metadata, or as a background task. The processor is configured to identify one or more indices of the LSM tree-based metadata index as entries of a change journal of the storage system. The processor is further configured to maintain the change journal of the storage system based upon the identified entries.

Abstract: Facilitating selection of the most significant set of categorical features in machine learning is provided herein. Operations of a system include determining a list of unique values of a categorical variable. The operations also include calculating respective mean values, of a target variable, for unique values of the list of unique values of the categorical variable. Further, the operations include sorting the list of unique values by the respective mean values, resulting in a sorted list. The operations also include calculating respective derivatives of the respective mean values in the sorted list considering the respective mean values as a function and a number of the respective mean values in the sorted list as an independent variable. Additionally, the operations include determining a minimum derivative value over the sorted list and outputting the minimum derivative value as a resulting variable significance value.

Abstract: Indexing application actions for voice-based execution is provided. An indexer of a device receives, from an application executed by the device, an indication of an action and a deep link corresponding to the action declared by the application via an application programming interface. The indexer accesses an index stored in the memory of the device that is accessible to a plurality of applications. The indexer inputs, into a location in the index, the action and the deep link with a cryptographic token that prevents access to the deep link by unauthorized applications. A digital assistant of the device receives a voice query detected by a microphone and parses the voice query to determine the action. The digital assistant identifies in the index the deep link corresponding to the action. The digital assistant invokes, with the cryptographic token, the deep link to cause the application to perform the action.

Abstract: Disclosed are various approaches for facilitating verifier integrations using computer models. An exemplary system of the present disclosure comprises a computing device comprising a processor and a memory; and machine-readable instructions stored in the memory that, when executed by the processor, cause the computing device to at least: receive an unstructured claim query for a data document from an entity computing device, wherein the data document is structured in accordance with a data document schema; parse the unstructured claim query to identify attributes that are then converted to a machine-understandable representation of the unstructured claim query; prepare, using a predictive model that is trained to understand data documents that are structured in accordance with the data document schema, a query response to the machine-understandable representation of the unstructured claim query by evaluating contents of the data document; and transmit the query response to the entity computing device.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for presenting a summary with search results. One method includes operations for receiving a search query, performing a search based on the search query, and determining, by a machine learning (ML) model, a user intent based on input comprising the search query, user profile information, and activity information of the user. A prompt is generated based on the search query, the user intent, and relationships between the user and entities. The prompt generation comprises selecting a prompt template comprising fields for the user intent, the search query, and the relationships, and filling in the fields. The method further includes operations for feeding as input the prompt to a generative artificial intelligence (GAI) model, receiving a summary from the GAI model, and causing presentation of the summary and one or more results returned by the search on a user interface (UI) of the device of the user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process that involves retrieving a data model for a data source, establishing at least one filter operation or at least one clean operation that modifies an aspect of the retrieved data model, onboarding underlying data from the data source while applying the established at least one filter operation or at least one clean operation, defining at least one transformation operation to apply to a portion of the underlying data that has been onboarded, and applying the at least one transformation operation to the portion of the underlying data to thereby assign the data to a semantic network, the semantic network comprising conceptual data components and associative data components.

Abstract: A method and system for the storage of data in compliance with territorial privacy laws while retaining data sovereignty. The method generally comprises splitting input data into clusters and anonymising the clustered data. Information relating to the anonymised data clusters may then be split and stored separately in data shards. The anonymization and splitting of the data prevents the restoration of the input data without access to all of the data shards. Also a method and system for decoding data anonymised by the method.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a headless browser automation (an automation that does not render web pages or involve direct user input), where the web portals accessed by the browser automation employ a rule system for generating web content and the rules can result in the dynamic presentation of new response elements that could not be a priori determined from existing content already encountered, or the history of interaction with the web portal. The control system has the capability to pause the headless browser automation in place, collect the new information being requested by the web portal, present the requested new information to a remote user, capture the information from the remote user, feed the information collected to the portal automation, and restart the automation from the point that it left off.

Abstract: User permissions for a search on content managed by a content management system (CMS) can be evaluated in a search engine based on a user identity of a user providing a query input for the query rather than after return of an initial results set to the CMS or some other front-end application. The search engine can constrain possible results returned from a search for the query input using a content index of a plurality of content items maintained in a repository of the content management system. The constraining can include limiting the search engine from adding a content item of the plurality of content items to a permissions-filtered results set unless the evaluating of the user permissions and the search for the query input against the content index do not exclude the content item. Other aspects can support index updating by selective use of a metadata index.

Abstract: Methods and systems are configured to determine a semantic meaning for data and generate data processing rules based on the semantic meaning of the data. The semantic meaning includes syntactical or contextual meaning for the data that is determined, for example, by profiling, by the data processing system, values stored in a field included in data records of one or more datasets; applying, by the data processing system, one or more classifiers to the profiled values; identifying, based on applying the one or more classifiers, one or more attributes indicative of a logical or syntactical characteristic for the values of the field, with each of the one or more attributes having a respective confidence level that is based on an output of each of the one or more classifiers. The attributes are associated with the fields and are used for generating data processing rules and processing the data.

Abstract: Methods and systems are configured to determine a semantic meaning for data and generate data processing rules based on the semantic meaning of the data. The semantic meaning includes syntactical or contextual meaning for the data that is determined, for example, by profiling, by the data processing system, values stored in a field included in data records of one or more datasets; applying, by the data processing system, one or more classifiers to the profiled values; identifying, based on applying the one or more classifiers, one or more attributes indicative of a logical or syntactical characteristic for the values of the field, with each of the one or more attributes having a respective confidence level that is based on an output of each of the one or more classifiers. The attributes are associated with the fields and are used for generating data processing rules and processing the data.

Abstract: Methods and systems are configured to determine a semantic meaning for data and generate data processing rules based on the semantic meaning of the data. The semantic meaning includes syntactical or contextual meaning for the data that is determined, for example, by profiling, by the data processing system, values stored in a field included in data records of one or more datasets; applying, by the data processing system, one or more classifiers to the profiled values; identifying, based on applying the one or more classifiers, one or more attributes indicative of a logical or syntactical characteristic for the values of the field, with each of the one or more attributes having a respective confidence level that is based on an output of each of the one or more classifiers. The attributes are associated with the fields and are used for generating data processing rules and processing the data.

Abstract: A search engine may maintain a list of derived metadata. When an event occurs that requires updating a search index, the search engine can determine which metadata is derived metadata and take appropriate actions with respect to the derived metadata. For example, if a request is received to update the index for a particular object, the search engine may protect the derived metadata from change while updating the other metadata in the index. As another example, if a request is received to update the text content for the object, the search engine may change the text content and the derived metadata. By identifying derived metadata, the search engine can protect the derived metadata from change when a request is received that otherwise causes metadata to change and can change the derived metadata when a request is received that would otherwise not change the metadata portion of the index.

Abstract: Systems and methods for a central user interface for accessing, and upgrading of, dataset integrations. An example method includes accessing, by a system of one or more processors, datasets stored via respective outside devices or systems. The datasets are integrated by the system according to respective integration tiers, with each integration tier being associated with, at least, a respective subset of search functionality enabled via the system. An interactive user interface is presented via a user device, with the interactive user interface presenting summary information. The interactive user interface further enables adjustment of a particular dataset from a first integration tier to a second integration tier.

Abstract: A system configured to perform content identification using fingerprinting to recognize known media content. The system may generate a reference database including reference fingerprints for each media content item to include in the content identification. In addition, the system may generate a hash table that associates individual frames of the reference fingerprints with identification information for corresponding media content items. When a device is playing media content, the system may perform content identification by generating query fingerprints representing the media content and comparing the query fingerprints to the reference database. For example, the system may match a query fingerprint to a reference fingerprint by identifying which of the reference fingerprints shares the most frames with the query fingerprint using the hash table. In addition, the system may use additional decision criteria to confirm a match, such as fine-grain matching or tracking successive fingerprints over time.

Abstract: The disclosed technology teaches recovering a first virtual machine or an instance with an Internet Protocol address, a first root volume and one or more data volumes that are corrupted. The first virtual machine is hosted by a first cloud server that hosts plurality of virtual machines. The disclosed technology includes instructing the first cloud server to launch a recovery virtual machine. The recovery virtual machine launches one or more new data volumes based upon captured file system images in one or more snapshots taken of corrupted data volumes of the first virtual machine prior to becoming corrupted. The recovery virtual machine detaches the corrupted data volumes and attaches the new data volumes launched to the first virtual machine. The Internet Protocol address of the first virtual machine remains unchanged.

Abstract: Embodiments are described for migrating data and load balancing in a multi-domain network having a clustered network partitioned into a number of separate domains. Each domain contains resources like processors and memory, as well as deduplication and compression services. A single global namespace for the network is presented by combining all of the namespaces in the domains. A multi-domain manager component with an analytics engine facilitates analytics-driven migration of data among nodes in different domains, and a load balancer component monitors environmental operating conditions of each node in the clustered network, detects nodes having operating conditions exceeding defined tolerances, and migrates data and processes from nodes exceeding the defined tolerances to other nodes not exceeding the defined tolerances.

Abstract: The technology described herein builds an optimal refresh schedule by minimizing a cost function constrained by an available refresh bandwidth. The cost function receives an importance score for a content item and a change rate for the content item as input in order to optimize the schedule. The cost function is considered optimized when a refresh schedule is found that minimizes the cost while using the available bandwidth and no more. The technology can build an optimized schedule to refresh content with incomplete change data, content with complete change data, or a mixture of content with and without complete change data. It can also re-learn content item change rates from its own schedule execution history and re-compute the refresh schedule, ensuring that this schedule takes into account the latest trends in content item updates.

Abstract: Updating a constituent-data index includes determining whether sampling is currently contraindicated for the column, in response to determining that sampling is currently contraindicated for the column, omitting sampling the column, in response to determining that sampling is currently other than contraindicated for the column, sampling the column, determining whether updating the constituent-data index is currently contraindicated for the column, in response to determining that updating the constituent-data index is currently contraindicated for the column, omitting updating the constituent-data index with respect to the column, and in response to determining that updating is currently other than contraindicated for the column, updating the constituent-data index with respect to the column.

Abstract: Systems and methods including one or more processors and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processors and execute functions comprising: storing historical session data pertaining to user sessions and archived search queries submitted by users to a search engine; analyzing the historical session data to identify ambiguous queries, including semantically ambiguous queries and multi-language queries; monitoring search queries submitted to the search engine to detect the ambiguous queries; and in response to detecting an ambiguous query, generating a query resolution interface that displays categorical groupings, each of which corresponds to a possible intention of the ambiguous query. Other embodiments are disclosed herein.

Abstract: A tree data model comprising a plurality of generated nodes may be programmatically generated. Each particular node may have a sequence number uniquely identifying the node and identifying its sibling position within the generated nodes. Information on the nodes may be provided to a reporting application which presents a report in a user interface. Information may be received on additional entries inserted into the report by a user of the application. An inserted node may be inserted into the tree data model. The inserted node a subgroup number identifying which generated node of the plurality of generated nodes is the closest preceding sibling to the inserted node and a subordinal number identifying a subgroup sibling position of the inserted node within a plurality of inserted nodes having a same inserted node subgroup number.

Abstract: A method, system and computer program product for workflow style governance includes creating a document and specifying a document style of the document—either a linear workflow style or a branched workflow style. Thereafter, in response to a subsequent request to load the document, the specified document style for the document may be retrieved and, on condition that the specified document style is a linear workflow style, a specified version of the document is retrieved into a document editor for editing as a new version of the document. But otherwise, on condition that the specified document style is a branched workflow style, different components of the document are retrieved as a composition of components, each of an independent version, and a selected one of the components of the composition of the components making up the document is then loaded into a component editor for editing as a new version.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture are disclosed to improve media identification. An example apparatus includes a hash handler to generate a first set of reference matches by performing hash functions on a subset of media data associated with media to generate hashed media data based on a first bucket size, a candidate determiner to identify a second set of reference matches that include ones of the first set, the second set including ones having first quantities of hits that did not satisfy a threshold, determine second quantities of hits for ones of the second set by matching ones to the hash tables based on a second bucket size, and identify one or more candidate matches based on at least one of (1) ones of the first set or (2) ones of the second set, and a report generator to generate a report including a media identification.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for providing content items based on a location of a user's attention in a map interface. In one aspect, a method includes receiving data specifying one or more map attention spots in a viewport of a map interface presented at a user device. Each map attention spot is a location on a map of the map interface corresponding to a specified amount of user activity. Content items are identified for presentation with the map. For each content item and map attention spot, a distance between a presentation location for the content item on the map and a location of the identified map attention spot on the map is determined. A rank score for the content item based at least on a respective content item score for the content item and each determined distance for the content item.

Abstract: Systems and methods for lean parsing are disclosed. An example method is performed by one or more processors of a system and includes retrieving form data including first sentence segments and second sentence segments, determining a first predicate structure for each of the sentence segments based on a set of operators within the first set of sentence segments, identifying known tokens within the second set of sentence segments, each of the known tokens appearing on a list of predetermined tokens, identifying new tokens within the second set of sentence segments, each of the new tokens not on the list, mapping each known and new token to at least one operator, determining a second predicate structure for each sentence segment based on the mapping, and generating a predicate argument structure incorporating the first and second predicate structures, the predicate argument structure ready for mapping to at least one machine executable function.

Abstract: A system, a computing platform, and a method of integrating data from a plurality of data sources are disclosed herein. The method includes receiving datapoints from the plurality of data sources via one or more connectors in real-time. The datapoints are received in accordance with a data model represented at least in part by the one or more connectors. The method includes generating relationships between the datapoints based on at least a semantic mapping of the datapoints using a semantic model, and integrating the datapoints from the plurality of data sources in real-time based on at least one of the relationships and the data model.

Abstract: A luminaire selection and architectural design platform can provide improved access and interaction with luminaire information in the industrial lighting and architectural industry. The luminaire platform, which manages and generates dynamic data including multi-attribute information related to a variety of luminaires, can receive a request comprising luminaire information and user type; and determine one or more luminaires satisfying one or more criterion with respect to the luminaire information. The luminaire platform can determine a set of attributes based on user type (e.g., attributes a user can access based on user type). The luminaire platform can obtain attributes of the set of attributes for each of the one or more luminaires; and provide the one or more luminaires and the associated set of attributes for display.

Abstract: Various methods, apparatuses/systems, and media for implementing an automated data extraction, formatting, and distribution module are disclosed. A receiver receives input data to create a feed from a user via a user interface (UI). A processor operatively coupled to the receiver defines reusable data sets to be utilized for creating the feed; and selects desired number of a plurality of first selectable icons for selecting exact data from the reusable data sets required for creating the feed. Each of the selected first selectable icon is associated with a corresponding data source having columns to supply the exact data from the reusable data sets. The processor selects desired number of a plurality of second selectable icons for selecting a desired transformation or formatting process needed for the columns of each data source; creates the feed and defines a custom distribution process of the created feed from the UI.

Abstract: A method includes: creating, by a computing device, a virtual consolidation layer; replicating, by the computing device, snippets that are results of a query; copying, by the computing device, the replicated snippets to the virtual consolidation layer; performing, by the computing device and by a machine learning model, matching of particular ones of the snippets in the virtual consolidation layer; and producing, by the computing device, a search result comprising the matched snippets.

Abstract: Systems and methods including one or more processors and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processors and cause the one or more processors to perform functions comprising, in response to a search query from an electronic device of a user, creating combined search results using at least two different searching algorithms, each search result of the combined search results having a respective combined search results rank; receiving, from the electronic device of the user, an interaction with a search result of the combined search results; storing, in the one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage devices, the interaction with the search result of the combined search results, wherein: the interaction with the search result of the combined search results, as stored, indicates whether the search result of the combined search results was a part of (a) results of a first search algorithm of the at least two different searching algo

Abstract: A system including one or more processors and one or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing computing instructions configured to run on the one or more processors and perform: generating linkage scores between nodes at least based on a machine learning model; creating links between the nodes to form connected components based on the linkage scores exceeding a predetermined threshold; generating an actual matching linkage set of the nodes linked in the connected components by using a relaxed blocking criteria; and generating a quality score for the connected components. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and computer system for identifying, by a computing device, a number of extents needed for a create snapshot operation to create a snapshot. The number of extents may be added to an in-memory cache. The number of extents needed for the create snapshot operation may be allocated from the in-memory cache to execute the create snapshot operation. Freed extents may be added to the in-memory cache based upon, at least in part, executing a delete snapshot operation to delete the snapshot.

Abstract: Methods and systems for identifying anatomical phrases in medical text. Methods and systems described herein use a syntactic approach to generate lists of relevant terms and define a grammar on these terms. Methods and systems described then search for phrases in text that conform to the grammar.

Abstract: Disclosed is a computer-implemented method for determining a score adjustment for a search document, comprising determining a first attractiveness model of a first document from one or more documents based on one or more user interactions associated with the first document; determining a second attractiveness model of a second document from one or more documents based on one or more user interactions associated with the second document; determining one or more pairwise comparisons of documents based on the first and second attractiveness models of the first and second documents; training an adjustment model based on the pairwise comparisons of documents; and inputting the search document into the adjustment model to determine the score adjustment.

Abstract: Techniques are described for collecting customer data through a software application in order to optimize registration form to maximize registration success rates, based on a user engagement score related to user's interest, needs, registration behavior patterns, and source of user. In some examples, a method includes evaluating user data indicating interactions of a user with a software application. The method further includes determining a user engagement score for the user based at least in part on the user data. The method further includes determining, based at least in part on the user engagement score, a number and a type of one or more registration fields. The method further includes outputting the one or more registration fields to a display device based at least in part on a triggering event.

Abstract: In a method for identification of an Internet meme, a plurality of sources is monitored for digital visual content comprising a visual moment and a caption. It is determined whether instances of digital visual content include a same visual moment. Provided the instances of digital visual content include the same visual moment, the instances of digital visual content including the same visual moment are identified as similar digital visual content. Each instance of the similar digital visual content is tracked. Provided a total number of instances of the similar digital visual content exceeds an Internet meme threshold, the similar digital visual content is identified as an Internet meme, wherein the same visual moment is a root visual moment and each caption corresponds to a different iteration of the Internet meme.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for providing an insights page. When data identifying a party of a call is received, a customer relationship management (CRM) application can be launched at a computing device without any further user input, and records that are potentially relevant to the call and that are to potentially be included as part of an insights page of the CRM application can be automatically determined. Some of the records are automatically determined by analyzing CRM information using artificial intelligence technologies. The records can then be ranked in a priority order according to relevance from most relevant to least relevant. The insights page can then be caused to be displayed at a user interface of the computing device without user input with at least some of the records displayed in the priority order as relevant records.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a computer implemented method for ranking supporting passages in a question answering (QA) system. The method includes the following steps: receiving an input question and a plurality of passages, wherein the plurality of passages are extracted from the document corpus by the QA system; identifying a plurality of candidate answer occurrences from the plurality of passages; assigning a plurality of first local features to each candidate answer occurrence; merging the plurality of candidate answer occurrences to generate a group of candidate answers; assigning a plurality of second local features and a plurality of nonlocal features to each candidate answer; ranking the group of candidate answers using a linear answer scoring model; and ranking the plurality of candidate answer occurrences using the linear answer scoring model.

Abstract: A system and method detects and handles replay attacks using counters maintained for each of several different periods for various values of IP addresses and browser description attributes encountered.

Abstract: File management is enabled for large numbers of files. Example file management includes setting a grouping identifier for a file. The method further includes determining a storage address of a data block of the file, the storage address indicating an extent where the data block is located and an offset. The method further includes setting, in a storage region of the extent corresponding to the grouping identifier, a flag for the data block based on the offset. In this manner, a large number of files in a distributed file system can be managed more efficiently.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for providing data management and sharing over communication network. One or more input data form one or more users may be received over a User Interface (UI). One or more data input type is identified. According to each data input type, each data input is processed. The processing comprises according to the type of the data input, output towards each of the data input is search though a search engine. The searching is performed in one or more database. Based on the searching one or more response output towards each of the data input is generated. Further, one or more response output over the communication is published.

Abstract: A controller for classifying devices of a building management system (BMS). The controller may be configured to obtain an entity name for a device, extract a core name from the entity name, compare the core name to candidate core names, determine scores for each comparison, identify a highest score, identify a class of a candidate core name, and classify the device in the class.

Abstract: Disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for deterministic cryptography deidentification enabling granular destruction. Techniques include preparing a table of name-token pair groupings with unique tokens, storing data deidentified in association with the deidentification process in a centralized repository, identifying a token from the table of name-token pair groupings, and enabling reidentifying of a specific data item of the deidentified data based on the token provided from the table.

Abstract: A search system searches a storage where one electronic document or a plurality of electronic documents is/are stored for an electronic document that satisfies an entered search condition. The search system includes a first processor and a second processor. The first processor manages a feature relating to a color shade of the electronic document as an index of the electronic document and retrieves the electronic document that satisfies the search condition from the storage based on the index. The second processor has an electronic document printed. Managing a feature relating to a color shade of the electronic document as an index of the electronic document includes registering the feature relating to the color shade of the electronic document obtained by analyzing the electronic document as the index of the electronic document and updating, when the electronic document is printed, the index of the electronic document.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure a method for determining product relevancy including extracting metadata from an image file of a digital image collection, the metadata being indicative of at least one feature of the image file. The method includes creating an input profile corresponding to the metadata extracted from the image files of the digital image collection. The method includes comparing the input profile to a product profile, the product profile having one or more rules corresponding to a consumer product, wherein the rules are indicative of the requirements of the product. The method includes determining a match score, the match score indicative of a relevancy of the product profile to the input profile such that a high relevancy correlates to a consumer product that is suited to the input profile and a low relevancy correlates to the consumer product that is not suited to the input profile.

Abstract: A data intake and query system may store raw machine data that includes location information. A client system may include a user interface for searching the data intake and query system. The user interface allows a user to define a field search query and to define one or more ad-hoc boundary regions on a map. A combined query is transmitted to the data intake and query system, the combined query including both the field search query and location search information that is based on the ad-hoc boundary regions. The data intake and query system runs the combined query and returns responsive results, which are displayed at the client user interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a management system, a search method, and a browsing method of a unified data object using a tag object. A unified data object management system and method may efficiently access and manage the data object by storing and managing the unified data objects including a file, non-file data, or dynamic data on the basis of the tag object and then providing a search result based on the tag object when a search command is entered by a user.

Abstract: A computer system configured to generate captions is provided. The computer system includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to access a first buffer configured to store text generated by an automated speech recognition (ASR) process; access a second buffer configured to store text generated by a captioning client process; identify either the first buffer or the second buffer as a source buffer of caption text; generate caption text from the source buffer; and communicate the caption text to a target process.