Abstract: Systems, apparatus and methods enable layer 2 (L2) relaying optimizations for a remote user equipment (UE) to receive system information (SI) from a relay UE. The relay UE may establish a sidelink communication channel with the remote UE that is in a radio resource control (RRC) idle state, an RRC inactive state, or an out-of-coverage (OOC) state with respect to the base station. The relay UE decodes a relay SI request received through the sidelink communication channel from the first remote UE. The relay SI request indicates requested system information. The Relay UE obtains the requested system information or a subset of the requested system information from a memory device or from the base station and encodes a relay SI response to send to the first remote UE. The relay SI response includes the requested system information or the subset of the requested system information.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, apparatus, article of manufacture, method and/or computer program product embodiments, and/or combinations and sub-combinations thereof, for providing interactive content to a user. In a non-limiting embodiment, an apparatus, such as a media device, may provide interactive content to a user. The media device may receive content comprising primary and secondary content from a content provider, and then determine whether the secondary content is a candidate for an interactive experience. The media device may also provide the interactive experience to the user when the secondary content is a candidate for the interactive experience. Furthermore, the media device may monitor tracking information of the interactive experience.

Abstract: A gateway device for implementing data security is described herein. The gateway device is coupled between a client device and a server device, and is configured to receive encoded data and a set of operations from the server device in response to a request for cloud services from the client device. The gateway device is configured to decode the encoded data, and to provide the decoded data and the set of operations to the client device. The client device is configured to perform the set of operations on the decoded data, and to incorporate the operation results into an application or interface corresponding to the requested cloud service. The gateway device is configured to encode the operation result data, and to provide the encoded operation result data to the server device for storage.

Abstract: A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a selection program that causes at least one computer to execute a process, the process includes receiving identification information regarding a terminal from the terminal; selecting one or more user state transition patterns, a number of which is according to the identification information, from among a plurality of the user state transition patterns, which are a plurality of patterns of user state transition obtained by clustering information that indicates the user state transition, which is a time-series transition of a state of a user during a predetermined unit time; and transmitting the one or more user state transition patterns to the terminal.

Abstract: A system comprising one or more computing devices implements a vehicle information extraction service. The vehicle information extraction service enables customers to maintain a model of a fleet of vehicles and collect vehicle information from heterogenous vehicles included in the fleet, wherein the vehicles are configured with different in-vehicle communication configurations. The vehicle information extraction service automatically generates scheme packets for data collection to be sent to the heterogenous vehicles, wherein are formatted in accordance with the different respective in-vehicle communication configurations of the heterogenous vehicles, without the customer of the vehicle information extraction service having to account for these differences.

Abstract: Generating and assigning metadata relating to action objects which arise in audio and/or visual media contents. The action objects are visual and/or audible objects or elements which can be perceived by a viewer and/or listener in audio and/or visual media contents and which originate from different production steps of the audio and/or visual media contents.

Abstract: Examples described herein relate to a network interface that includes an initiator device to determine a storage node associated with an access command based on an association between an address in the command and a storage node. The network interface can include a redirector to update the association based on messages from one or more remote storage nodes. The association can be based on a look-up table associating a namespace identifier with prefix string and object size. In some examples, the access command is compatible with NVMe over Fabrics. The initiator device can determine a remote direct memory access (RDMA) queue-pair (QP) lookup for use to perform the access command.

Abstract: In general, embodiments of the present invention provide systems, methods and computer readable media for identifying a new business based on programmatically analyzing content received from online sources and, as a result, discovering one or more references to the business. In embodiments, the system stores historical data representing previously identified new businesses and then uses attributes of those businesses in search queries to receive related content. Additionally or alternatively, the system stores data representing online sources that historically provided content containing references to new businesses and then continues to access those sources for additional content. In embodiments, the system performs content analysis on structured and/or unstructured content.

Abstract: A method for providing watermark to subscribers is provided. The method comprises observing a request for a first content from a subscriber, determining if the subscriber can receive a watermark, generating a second content comprising the watermark if the subscriber can receive a watermark, causing the subscriber to fetch the first content, and causing the subscriber to fetch the second content comprising the watermark overlaying the first content.

Abstract: A vehicle head unit comprising a memory configured to store an operating system, and one or more processors may be configured to perform various aspects of the techniques. The one or more processors may obtain an indication of one or more vehicle networks, and execute the operating system that presents a single application programming interface that provides function calls by which to configure the one or more vehicle networks within the operating system. The one or more processors may also configure, via the single application programming interface, one or more network interfaces for the one or more vehicle networks in the operating system by which one or more applications, executing in an application space presented by the operating system, interface with the one or more vehicle networks.

Abstract: A method, system and non-transitory computer readable instructions for application patching comprising, concatenating compressed data or uncompressed data or a mixture of compressed and uncompressed data into a continuous data set into a continuous data set and dividing the continuous data set into variable sized data chunks. Compressing each of the variable sized data chunks and dividing each of the variable sized data chunks into fixed size data blocks. Encrypting the fixed size data blocks to generate encrypted fixed size data blocks and storing the encrypted fixed sized data blocks or sending the encrypted fixed size data blocks over a network.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and media for modifying the presentation of video content on a user device based on a consumption mode of the user device are provided. In some embodiments, a computer-implemented method comprises: receiving, from a user device, a request to present a video content item, wherein the video content item includes an audio portion; identifying a segment of the audio portion as including a particular type of audio content (e.g., silent content, music content, speech content, theatrical content, non-musical content, etc.); determining a consumption mode associated with the user device; generating a modified video content item based on the consumption mode associated with the user device by removing a portion of the video content item that corresponds to the segment of the audio portion identified as including the particular type of audio content; and causing the modified video content item to be presented on the user device.

Abstract: A computing system, method and apparatus to cache a portion of a data block. A processor can access data using memory addresses in an address space. A first memory can store a block of data at a block of contiguous addresses in the space of memory address. A second memory can cache a first portion of the block of data identified by an item selection vector. For example, response to a request to cache the block of data stored in the first memory, the computing system can communicate the first portion of the block of data from the first memory to the second memory according to the item selection vector without accessing a second portion of the block of data. Thus, different data blocks in the first memory of a same size can be each cached in different cache blocks of different sizes in the second memory.

Abstract: The present invention makes it possible to maintain availability and scale out file performance, while suppressing costs. A unified storage has a plurality of controllers and a storage apparatus (storage device unit), and each of the plurality of controllers is equipped with one or more main processors (CPU) and one or more channel adapters (FE-I/F). Each main processor causes a block storage control program to operate and thereby process data inputted to and outputted from the storage apparatus, each channel adapter has a processor (CPU) that performs transmission and reception to and from a main processor after receiving an access request, and the processors in the plurality of channel adapters cooperate to cause a distributed file system to operate, and distributively store data, written as a file, to the plurality of controllers.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reducing distractions from nearby devices when content susceptible to interruption is being consumed. Content susceptible to interruption is determined, and when this content is consumed on one device, nearby devices are identified and their output characteristics are modified. For example, output volume of nearby devices may be reduced, or the volume of the first device may be increased. This process is repeated with different devices as they each output content determined to be susceptible to interruption. Consumers are thus presented with fewer distractions from surrounding devices while they are consuming content that is susceptible to interruption.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for managing multiple transactional workflows. The method includes saving each transactional workflow with a unique identifier, mapping the unique identifier to an entity associated with the client device used to initiate the corresponding transactional workflow, providing a first option for the client device to retrieve from the server device details of the plurality of transactional workflows, and receiving a request at a later time to retrieve details of the plurality of transactional workflows. The method also includes performing an authentication process, using the predetermined identifying information to determine unique identifiers of the corresponding saved transactional workflows, providing a second option for the client device to resume one or more of the transactional workflows, and resuming the corresponding one or more transactional workflows. Each transactional workflow is saved in a format that permits the server device to execute and complete a binding outcome.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure relate to a method for creating an application. The method for generating an application may comprise: identifying a component library including information on a plurality of visual logics, generating a first application based on information on a first visual logic corresponding to a first design and information on a business logic generated based on attributes of the application, identifying information on a second visual logic corresponding to a second design different from the first design, and generating a second application based on information on the second visual logic and information on the business logic. The information on the first visual logic and the information on the second visual logic may be included in the information on the plurality of visual logics.

Abstract: Providing access to content is disclosed. An indication of a context is received. Access is provided to a context-relevant subset of a body of managed content. In some cases, the context-relevant subset includes a document relevant to the content.

Abstract: Embodiments as disclosed herein provide computing systems and methods that effectively serve to isolate processes in a computing environment. The isolation of such processes may serve additionally to substantially increase the observability of such processes, allowing a granular insight into data associated with those processes and the performing of individual tasks.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method is performed by a middleware computing platform and includes maintaining an active user pool comprising a plurality of servicing users. The method also includes exposing a service request interface to a plurality of user-to-user service platforms. The plurality of user-to-user platforms provide independent computing environments that separately execute user-to-user service workflows for requesting users. The method further includes receiving, via the service request interface, a plurality of service requests each from one of the plurality of user-to-user service platforms. In addition, the method includes automatically assigning one or more of the plurality of service requests to a target servicing user of the plurality of servicing users based at least in part on information associated with the service request and availability of the target servicing user. The method also includes exposing a service provider interface to the target servicing user.

Abstract: The exemplary embodiments described herein overcome problems encountered by conventional systems by providing an authenticated messaging environment in which a user can securely message with a programmatic intelligent agent. The user may be authenticated at the prompting of the programmatic intelligent agent, such as the beginning of a messaging session or when the user submits a request that requires access to sensitive or confidential information or requires access to a secure account. The prompt may take the form of a message sent from the programmatic intelligent agent. The message may contain a link for launching code, such as an application, that facilitates authentication of the user's identity. The user may activate the link to launch the code and then perform the steps requested by the code to perform the authentication.

Abstract: A method of mapping a moisture level of a cut crop in a field includes identifying a cut time at which the cut crop was cut in the field. Elevation data, soil data, and weather data of the field are retrieved. A soil moisture map is then created to define a respective soil moisture level of the soil for each of a plurality of elevation zones in the field. The soil moisture map is based on a cut time, the elevation data, the soil data, and the weather data. A crop moisture map is then created to define a crop moisture level of the cut crop in each of the plurality of elevation zones in the field. The crop moisture map is based on the soil moisture map. By using the soil moisture map, the crop moisture map correlates the elevation data to the moisture levels of the cut crop.

Abstract: A display apparatus capable of correcting an image quality change caused by long-term use is provided. The display apparatus includes: a display panel; a communicator configured to communicate with a service apparatus; and a controller configured to control the communicator to transmit operation information including a total operating time of the display apparatus and an operating temperature of the display apparatus, to the service apparatus; receive an image parameter from the service apparatus through the communicator, and based on the received image parameter data; process image data; and transmit the processed image to the display panel. The image parameter may include at least one of a brightness level, a contrast, a sharpness level, and a color density of the display panel.

Abstract: Examples provide a cloud server management controller configured to determine a network resource threshold and a cloud resource availability for a cloud server. The first resource availability is an amount of cloud network resources available in the cloud server within the network resource threshold. For each respective system of a plurality of local network systems, the controller determines a local resource usage and predicts a cloud resource requirement. The cloud resource requirement is an amount of cloud network resources required to provide a cloud-based equivalent of the respective system. The controller builds a model based on the cloud resource requirement for each respective system and the network resource threshold. The model defines a cloud migration priority for each of the plurality of local network systems. Based on the model, the controller generates a cloud migration timeline for sequentially migrating each respective system to the cloud server.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure improve data availability by decreasing access times to obtain data from the storage device while still providing high memory density. A method may include receiving, by a controller of a non-volatile solid-state storage device, data with tags to be stored in a first portion configured as a first type and a second portion configured as a second type; receiving, by the controller, a storage command comprising an indicator, wherein at least some data associated with a tag identified by the indicator is stored in the first portion; and writing, by the controller based on receiving the storage command, the at least some data associated with the tag identified by the indicator from the first portion to the second portion. Other aspects are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for joint dynamic interest request forwarding and dynamic cache placement and eviction and provided within the context of the Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture. The system and method employ a virtual control plane that operates on the user demand rate for data objects in the network, and an actual plane that handles Interest Packets and Data Packets. Distributed algorithms within the virtual plane achieve network load balancing through dynamic forwarding and caching, thereby maximizing the user demand rate that the NDN network can satisfy. A method of congestion control is also provided to achieve optimal network fairness using the VIP framework.

Abstract: Some underlying networks such as Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) have limited communication bandwidth and strict requirements on maximum message size. These requirements may pose a challenge for data or resource exchange between two service layer (SL) entities, for example, because resource representations to be exchanged may have too large a size to be supported by the underlying networks. In some cases, traditional data compression algorithms can be used to alleviate this problem to some degree, but it is recognized herein that there are associated computation costs due to compression and decompression that may not be affordable for constrained IoT devices. Various embodiments described herein address this problem, among others by defining a Resource Representation Common Part (RRCP) and storing it at the service layer. In some cases, the RRCP is not transmitted between SL entities, thereby reducing SL message sizes to cater to the constraints of underlying networks.

Abstract: A Network Virtualization Device (NVD) executes a set of Virtual Network Interface Cards (VNICs). The set of VNICs includes a first VNIC that forwards packets for a set of one or more packet flows. The NVD stores a first VNIC-related information that includes information identifying a first set of one or more packet flows and associated state information The NVD in response to determining that the state information for the first VNIC is to be synchronized with another NVD, identifies a first backup NVD for the first VNIC, wherein the first backup NVD is a backup for the first VNIC, and communicates to the first backup NVD, a portion of the state information stored by the NVD for the first VNIC.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for enrolling a user device in a Unified Endpoint Management (“UEM”) system over a closed network. After an initial boot or factory reset of a user device, a user can scan a Quick Response code, or other scannable code, that is embedded with enrollment configuration data that includes configuration settings for communicating with a UEM server in the UEM system. Using the enrollment configuration data, the user device can retrieve an installation file for a management application. The user device can install the management application and give the management application access to the enrollment configuration data. The management application can disable hardcoded open network endpoints on the user device and configure the user device for UEM communications on the closed network. The user device can connect to the UEM server over the closed network and request enrollment in the UEM system.

Abstract: Monitor device of a personal care system, devices of a personal care system and related methods are disclosed. The monitor device comprises a processor; a memory connected to the processor; a first interface connected to the processor, the first interface configured for connecting the monitor device to the personal care appliance; and a second interface comprising a transceiver module connected to the processor and configured for connecting the monitor device to the one or more accessory devices of the personal care system, wherein the monitor device is configured to establish a connection between the monitor device and at least one of the one or more accessory devices; determine whether a primary storing criterion based on a quality of the connection is satisfied; and in accordance with a determination that the primary storing criterion is satisfied, store primary monitor data in the memory according to a primary storing scheme.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products for smart upload automation in which actions are automatically performed on a set of digital assets against a target item. In one embodiment, a system includes a network, a server machine, a client machine and a data storage device, each of which is coupled to the network. The client machine designates digital assets and a target item against which the assets will be uploaded. The digital assets are uploaded by the client machine to the data storage device via the network. The server machine automatically performs actions on the digital assets without intervention by the client machine, where the actions are associated with or in some way defined by the target item. The actions may include setting metadata values of the digital assets based upon metadata associated with the target item, or generating different renditions of the digital assets.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a communication module, a memory and a processor operatively connected to the communication module and the memory, wherein the processor can be configured to receive, from a cloud server, through the communication module, a trigger event sensed by a first external device and rule information in which at least one from among a rule set, destination, and an operation command corresponding to the trigger event is mapped, so as to store same in a local rule database of the memory, receiving the trigger event from the first external device through the communication module, confirm, from the local rule database, the rule information mapped to the received trigger event, and transmit, to a second external device, through the communication module, information related to the trigger event on the basis of the confirmed rule information.

Abstract: A virtual reality system includes a network, a virtual reality server coupled to the network including a voice streaming server configured to stream audio data, a plurality of computing devices coupled to the network and the virtual reality server and each having a display assembly configured to render virtual reality spaces and objects. At least one of the computing devices is a virtual reality headset that includes one or more tracking cameras configured to sense positioning of a user's hands relative to the headset worn by the user, at least one microphone and at least one speaker. The voice streaming server is activated to stream microphone audio data from the microphone to speakers associated with other of the plurality of computing devices when one of the user's hands associated with the headset is located a threshold distance from the tracking camera of the headset.

Abstract: A system can receive a request for establishing a communication channel between a first node executing a first operating system and a second node executing a second operating system, the second operating system being different from the first operating system. The system can obtain specification data configured for deploying a container that includes the first operating system and communication software. The system can, in response to receiving the request, transmit the specification data to the second node. The second node can deploy the container with the first operating system and the communication software based on the specification data. The communication software can establish the communication channel between a first instance of the first operating system executing on the first node and a second instance of the first operating system executing in the container.

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein provide examples for distributing resources in a UEM system. In one example, the UEM system can receive a request to check out a user device enrolled in the UEM system. The request can include a profile identifier (“ID”) of a user profile making the request and attributes of the user device. The UEM system can create a hash of group IDs associated with the profile ID. The UEM system can create a device context that includes the device attributes and the hash. The UEM system can then determine if the device context matches to a resource context. Resource contexts can identify a set of UEM resources associated with a device context. Where a match is found, the UEM system can provide the corresponding resources to the user device.

Abstract: The disclosed technology is directed towards virtual reality bookmarks that maintain state data for a user in a virtual reality environment, such that the user can to return to that virtual reality environment at a later time. While presenting virtual reality session content to a user, a system or the like can receive a request to pause the virtual reality session from a user. Session state data, e.g., in the form of a virtual reality bookmark, is saved based on the pause request. A later request to resume presentation of the virtual reality content results in the system accessing the virtual reality session data, which is used to present resumed virtual reality session content to the user based on the session state data. A pause request may be for an individual user or for each user participating in a session. Virtual reality bookmarks may be shared with other users.

Abstract: Providing content from network servers by receiving a data request from a client performing an internet search on a search engine based on the data request, accessing URLs relevant to the request resulting from the search, inputting parsed text from the accessed URLs into a software model configured to identify terms of use in the URL, accessing a robots.txt of the URL to receive collection rules that define terms for collecting data in the URL, sending a data request to the URL, where the request includes the details of the requesting entity and an opt-out option for the URL, and collecting the data in the URLs.

Abstract: A computer system communicates with sponsors, mobile wireless devices, and wireless service providers to provide the sponsors with access to wireless device users for accepting offers to interact with sponsor content. The system is configured with programmed instructions that when executed by a processor downloads an application program to the mobile wireless devices, the application program being configured to receive incentive offers identifying conditions for receiving credits from one or more of the sponsors, and receive messages from sponsors that transfer money to an account associated with an operator of the computer system so that the sponsors have access to and contact with the wireless devices. The messages that transfer money to the account associated with the operator of the computer system are generated after the application program has been used to accept and perform the conditions identified by at least one incentive offer received by the application program.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product area provided. A computer transmits a query command to a storage descriptor area of a first disk. The first disk belongs to a dual-site data replication system. The dual-site data replication system provides active-active access to a volume of data stored in an active disk and replicated in a backup disk. The computer receives a response to the query command. The response indicates the active disk and the backup disk for the dual-site data replication system. The computer controls an additional copy of the volume of data at a further remote site based on the active disk.

Abstract: Computer-readable media, methods, and systems are disclosed for an in-memory cache in a memory of a client device. The system may send a first request for a first data from the client device to the in-memory cache and may receive a null response. The system may send a second request from the client device for the first data to a server and may receive a response from the server with the first data. The system may then send the first data to the in-memory cache and store the first data in the in-memory cache, thereby eliminating an additional request for the first data from the server.

Abstract: The systems and methods are described herein for playback of content based on progress point information. The systems and methods detect nearby media devices to transmit or request progress point information. Based on the communicated progress point information, the system may generate an option to play back content at a point within the content up to which content was last consumed. When content providers offer different versions of one content item and the user does not select to play back content from the content provider associated with the progress point information, the system determines a proper playback point in other content providers.

Abstract: An address retrieval system that retrieves the physical address of a user based on a request from another user. The address retrieval system can be connected to a network, such as a cellphone network, to allow a user to submit a request containing personally identifiable information, such as a phone number, of another user and the address retrieval system can locate/retrieve the requested address information and return the information to the requesting user or a third party. The release of the address information can be managed by a user-configurable privacy policy that provides rules, permissions and/or other management regarding the release of the user's address information.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for indexing actions for resources. In an aspect, a method receiving, for each resource a plurality of resources that are each accessible by a user device, action data describing actions supported by each resource, each action being an action that can be performed by the user device processing the resource; for each resource: determining, from the action data, an action type for each action supported by the resource, determining, from the action data, action parameters for each action supported by the resource, and indexing the action data, action types and action parameters for the resource in an index that is searchable by a search engine.

Abstract: A method is performed at a computer system of a manufacturing tool in a manufacturing facility. The method includes sending a series of frames showing data for the manufacturing tool to a client device for display. The client device is remote from the manufacturing facility. The method further includes receiving, from the client device, an indication of a user interaction with the client device and, in response to the indication, adjusting a bandwidth for one or more frames of the series of frames. Sending the series of frames includes, after receiving the indication, transmitting the one or more frames to the client device for display. The one or more frames are transmitted with the adjusted bandwidth.

Abstract: Embodiments seek to improve prefetch hinting using time-dependent, machine-generated hints. Some embodiments operate in context of client machines in communication hinting machines that can develop information about whether and how resources are used in network transactions over time by collecting “resource samples.” Each resource sample can identify rendering status information of a resource at a sample time. The time-based samples can be used to compute time-based probabilities for the resources, indicating, for example, the likelihood of a resource being used to render a web page at some subsequent time. Time-dependent hints can be generated as a function of the time-based probabilities, and the time-dependent hints can be used to improve prefetching by optimizing the hinting information with respect to a particular request time (e.g., the prefetching hints for rendering a web page can be generated in a manner that accounts for when the web page is being rendered).

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a first integrated access and backhaul (IAB) donor central unit (CU) may receive, from a first IAB node, an indication of a first distributed unit (DU) cell resource configuration for communications corresponding to a first cell that is associated with a second IAB donor CU. The IAB donor CU may transmit, to a second IAB node, an indication of a second DU cell resource configuration for communications corresponding to a second cell, wherein the second DU cell resource configuration is based at least in part on the first DU cell resource configuration and a multiplexing constraint associated with communications corresponding to the first cell and communications corresponding to the second cell. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: A method for streaming scene-based media assets during a media streaming session performed by a computing device is provided. The method includes providing a bi-directional interface for communicating information about scene-based media assets between a network server and the computing device acting as a client device; and providing, to the network server via the interface, client device attributes and corresponding information related to availability of client device resources when requested, wherein the client device attributes and the information are used by the computing device for rendering the scene-based media assets. For example, the computing device receives a request from the network server and then determines whether the requested scene-based media assets is to be streamed from the network server or not by accessing a list of locally stored, previously streamed scene-based media assets.

Abstract: Technologies for fulfilling service requests in an edge architecture include an edge gateway device to receive a request from an edge device or an intermediate tier device of an edge network to perform a function of a service by an entity hosting the service. The edge gateway device is to identify one or more input data to fulfill the request by the service and request the one or more input data from an edge resource identified to provide the input data. The edge gateway device is to provide the input data to the entity associated with the request.

Abstract: A map-based graphical user interface (GUI) for a public messaging platform allows a user location-based to their own expired ephemeral content. Such expired content is no longer available to other users for online viewing. The user can, however, switch the GUI between a live mode and a historical mode, access to their own expired content in the historical mode being facilitated in a manner closely similar to that for viewing live publicly available content.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are provided for use in interpreting, converting, generating, embedding, presenting, storing and otherwise using mini-banner content. For at least one embodiment, a mini-banner content system may include a secondary content system element which executes non-transient computer executable instructions to configure: a content interpreter to interpret secondary content, identify aspect information, and output the aspect information; a content converter, which when receiving aspect information at least one of retrieves a first element corresponding to the aspect information and/or generates a second element corresponding to the aspect information, and generates a mini-banner content element based upon results of the retrieving operation and/or the generating operation.