Abstract: The embodiments herein disclose methods and systems for reducing network protocol latency for at least one application on an electronic device, a method includes pre-resolving a plurality of Domain Name System (DNS) queries for the at least one application. The plurality of DNS queries is pre-resolved before triggering at least one DNS resolution query from the at least one application. The method includes pre-connecting a plurality of TCP connections of the at least one application with at least one Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) server. The plurality of TCP connections are pre-connected before triggering at least one TCP connection request from the at least one application. The method includes exchanging a plurality of secure certificates with the at least one TCP server to secure the plurality of pre-connected TCP connections. The secure certificates are exchanged before receiving at least one request from the at least one application for secure certificate negotiation.

Abstract: Method for setting up a redundant communication connection, and failsafe control unit, wherein a transport and/or networking functional unit of a communication device utilizes at least one communication network address associated with a primary control device and/or a secondary control device to set up two communication connections to a failsafe control unit that includes the primary control device and the secondary control device, where data transmitted via a first communication connection are forwarded from the primary control device to the secondary control device via a first synchronization connection such that data transmitted via a second communication connection are forwarded from the secondary control device to the primary control device via a second synchronization connection.

Abstract: A system for extending wireless communication coverage includes a subnetwork comprising a set of interconnected nodes implementing a functionality of access point of one and the same wireless communication network. The system monitors messages exchanged during an address-resolution phase, and obtains therefrom an association between network address and MAC address of each device connected to the LAN and node of the subnetwork, and interface information representing an interface via which the message that made it possible to obtain said association was received. In order to identify a node closest to the target device, the system parses the address resolution tables while seeking the above-identified association corresponding to the target device and obtaining therefrom the associated interface information; and identifies the node closest to the target device as the node the address resolution table of which does not reference any node in the subnetwork in association with said interface information.

Abstract: In some implementations, an audit platform may determine a first availability of a particular IP address based on data identifying IP addresses assigned for wireless and/or wireline services, a second availability of the particular IP address based on data identifying contact and registration information for IP addresses, and a third availability of the particular IP address based on data identifying active IP addresses associated with a backbone router. The audit platform may determine a fourth availability of the particular IP address based on data identifying responses to ping commands associated with the IP addresses, and a fifth availability of the particular IP address based on data identifying responses to traceroute commands associated with the IP addresses. The audit platform may calculate a confidence score, indicating a confidence level that the particular IP address is available, based on the first availability, second availability, third availability, fourth availability, and fifth availability.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for modifying a list of Traversal Using Relays around Network Address Translators (TURN) servers within a host application. A custom-modified browser is configured to add and/or remove TURN servers underneath a variety of host applications, including, for example, JavaScript WebRTC applications. In some cases, certain applications are permitted and/or denied use of certain TURN servers, based on local administrative policy. In accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure, a host application can be configured or otherwise modified to use certain TURN servers on certain networks, for example, to prevent traffic from using a TURN server outside a General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) region.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems, devices and methods for applying address translation to network traffic originating from client devices having dynamic Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to support IP based security measures using a gateway configured to connect a plurality of client devices used by a plurality of users to a plurality of cloud based networks. The gateway may receive, from a client device assigned a dynamic IP address, credentials of a user using the respective client device, access a translation record mapping the user, identified by his credentials, to a respective unique static IP address, adjust a source address of each packet received from the client device to include the static IP address, and forward each adjusted packet to a security engine configured to apply security policy(s) to each adjusted packet before transmitting it to the cloud based network(s). The security policy(s) is applied according to the static IP address.

Abstract: A data transmission method includes: receiving, by the PNF SDN controller, a first packet and an access loop identifier that are sent by a first network device; generating, by the PNF SDN controller, a second packet based on the access loop identifier and the first packet; and sending, by the PNF SDN controller, the second packet to the virtualized network function software-defined networking VNF SDN controller, so that the VNF SDN controller sends the second packet to a second network device, where the second packet is used to request the second network device to assign an IP address or IP address prefix to user equipment.

Abstract: A method, system, device, or apparatus for selecting an IP address for a message. The method, system, device, or apparatus is used when there are two or more IP addresses for a multihomed device. The method determines an IP address reachable from a destination for the message. The message is generated using the reachable IP address as the hostname of the multihomed device. The generated message is transferred to the destination.

Abstract: An MFP communicates with a DNS server through a network. This MFP includes an operation unit that sets whether a printing service is activated or not and a controller unit that registers search information in which capability information provided for a client terminal and information relating to name resolution are associated with each other in the DNS server in accordance with activation of the printing service being set by this operation unit.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a non-transitory storage medium are described in which a global identification service is provided. The service includes a selection of an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address to an end device. The service encrypts a unique identifier of the end device with an encryption key to generate an IPv6 address. The service verifies whether the IPv6 address is an IPv6 address allocated to or owned by a service provider. When the IPv6 address is an allocated or owned IPv6 address, the IPv6 address is assigned to the end device. When the IPv6 address is not an allocated or owned IPv6 address, the service selects another encryption key until a suitable IPv6 address is generated. Subsequent to an assignment of the IPv6 address, a network uses the IPv6 address as a globally unique identifier for the end device.

Abstract: An interactive vehicle information map system is disclosed in which, in various embodiments, geographical, geospatial, vehicle, and other types of data, geodata, objects, features, and/or metadata are efficiently presented to a user on an interactive map interface. In an embodiment, the user may search vehicle-related data via the interactive map by providing search criteria including, for example, information regarding a geographic area, a time period, a vehicle, a vehicle owner, and/or a license plate number, among other items. The map system may provide search results including a list of vehicles that match the search criteria, vehicle information, and/or points on the interactive map that indicate license-plate recognition read locations, among other information. In an embodiment, the user may view detailed information associated with particular vehicles including, for example, captured images, vehicle-owner data, event history, and the like. Further, the user may export data and/or create search alerts.

Abstract: Techniques are provided for access controls for question delegation environments. One method comprises obtaining a security policy for a question obtained from a user; monitoring responses to the question; and enforcing, by a third-party portal processing system, access controls within the security policy for data associated with the question and/or the responses to the question, wherein the access controls comprise one or more restrictions with respect to a time duration to access the data and/or a number of people that may access the data. The third-party portal processing system evaluates whether the time duration to access the data has expired before providing access to the data and/or whether the number of people that may access the data has been exceeded before providing access to the data. A client-side encryption of the data is optionally performed by a provider of the data.

Abstract: A database platform receives an object identifier from a client in association with a database session. The client is associated with a customer account of the database platform, and the database session is associated with the client. In response to receiving the object identifier, the database platform identifies a resolution namespace for the object identifier, where the resolution namespace for the object identifier is a namespace that is specified in the object identifier if the object identifier includes a specified namespace, and where the resolution namespace is otherwise a current account-level namespace of the database session. The database platform resolves the object identifier with reference to the identified resolution namespace for the object identifier, including identifying an object corresponding to the object identifier in the customer account.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer readable media to manage power for a graphics processor are described. When the power management component determines the graphics processor is idle when processing a current frame by the graphics processor, the power management component predicts an idle period for the graphics processor based on the work history. The power management component obtains a first latency value indicative of a power on time period and a second latency value indicative of a power off time period for a graphics processor component, such as graphics processor hardware. The power management component provides power instructions to transition the graphics processor component to the power off state based on a determination that a combined latency value of the first latency value and the second latency value is less than the idle period.

Abstract: A proxy server receives, from multiple visitors of multiple client devices, a plurality of requests for actions to be performed on identified network resources belonging to a plurality of origin servers. At least some of the origin servers belong to different domains and are owned by different entities. The proxy server and the origin servers are also owned by different entities. The proxy server analyzes each request it receives to determine whether that request poses a threat and whether the visitor belonging to the request poses a threat. The proxy server blocks those requests from visitors that pose a threat or in which the request itself poses a threat. The proxy server transmits the requests that are not a threat and is from a visitor that is not a threat to the appropriate origin server.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining one or more future position estimates of a terminal device, and transmitting the one or more future position estimates to a base station and/or to a location management function, wherein the one or more future position estimates are transmitted in a message comprising a list of one or more pairs of a timestamp and an estimated future position at a time indicated by the timestamp.

Abstract: Techniques for publishing data that is generated outside a service provider to a data store that is located within the service provider are described. For example, a device may implement a first communication protocol to provide a service. The device may generate log data and/or metric data indicating an event that occurred while performing the service, such as a time when an operation was performed, an error that occurred, a number of errors that have occurred, etc. The device may provide the log data and/or metric data to the service provider, which may implement a second communication protocol or otherwise be associated with a different environment. The service provider may store the log data and/or metric data in the data store that is associated with the service provider. Such process may be repeated for any number of devices that operate separately from the service provider.

Abstract: Described herein is a method, system, and non-transitory computer readable medium for generating composite uniform resource locator (URL) parameter strings, to aid administrators of businesses and other owners of websites who may want to determine statistics about their target audiences in an intuitive and efficient manner. In order to do so, individual URL parameter units, wherein each URL parameter unit may represent a simple assignment or simple logical comparison of a parameter, are constructed in a modular form using a GUI. Once these individual URL parameter units are constructed, they are then concatenated into composite URL parameter strings, wherein multiple URL parameter strings can be combined to form the URL for a button sent in an email to intended recipients. When such links are clicked, the administrator user may receive audience-specific feedback at a high level of detail.

Abstract: A tunnel is established between a gateway and a customer premises equipment (CPE) that are connected by a plurality of concurrent communication paths. In some cases, some the communication paths operate according to different access technologies. The tunnel is associated with a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) session. The packet is encapsulated based on the HTTP session and the encapsulated packet is transmitted over the plurality of concurrent communication paths via the tunnel. Information representing the encapsulated packet is received via the tunnel between the gateway and the CPE. The encapsulated packet is de-encapsulated and a packet of a stateless flow is generated based on a payload of the de-encapsulated packet. In some cases, the stateless flow is a user datagram protocol (UDP) flow and the encapsulated packet is conveyed using a plurality of transmission control protocol (TCP) sessions associated with the plurality of concurrent communication paths.

Abstract: Disclosed aspects relate to biometric-based sentiment management in a social networking environment. A set of biometric data for an originating-user of an electronic message may be detected using a set of biometric sensors. Based on the set of biometric data, an originating-user sentiment for at least a portion of the electronic message may be determined. The electronic message and the originating-user sentiment for at least the portion of the electronic message may be compiled to establish a compiled message. The compiled message which indicates the originating-user sentiment for at least the portion of the electronic message may be provided in the social networking environment.

Abstract: A system designed for increasing network communication speed for users, while lowering network congestion for content owners and ISPs. The system employs network elements including an acceleration server, clients, agents, and peers, where communication requests generated by applications are intercepted by the client on the same machine. The IP address of the server in the communication request is transmitted to the acceleration server, which provides a list of agents to use for this IP address. The communication request is sent to the agents. One or more of the agents respond with a list of peers that have previously seen some or all of the content which is the response to this request (after checking whether this data is still valid).

Abstract: A system for publishing a plurality of Domain Name System (DNS) records for a domain name, the system comprising: a record selection module for obtaining selected data of registry data associated with the domain name in a registry database; a DNS Security (DNSSEC) signing system having at least one signing module for digitally signing the selected data of the registry data, the digitally signing using one or more signing keys (SK) to generate a signed DNS record, the one or more signing keys associated with the registry data of the domain name; a distribution system for coordinating the publishing of a set of DNS records in the DNS by facilitating transmitting of the set of DNS records to one or more authoritative servers of the DNS in a transmission path that bypasses storing of the signed DNS record in the registry database, the set of DNS records generated based on a signing identifier on how to generate the set of DNS records by either: a) sending the selected data to the DNSSEC signing system for subsequ

Abstract: A system designed for increasing network communication speed for users, while lowering network congestion for content owners and ISPs. The system employs network elements including an acceleration server, clients, agents, and peers, where communication requests generated by applications are intercepted by the client on the same machine. The IP address of the server in the communication request is transmitted to the acceleration server, which provides a list of agents to use for this IP address. The communication request is sent to the agents. One or more of the agents respond with a list of peers that have previously seen some or all of the content which is the response to this request (after checking whether this data is still valid).

Abstract: A method for synchronizing management of a plurality of domain names in a Domain Name System (DNS), which method comprises: receiving a synchronization request for synchronizing a first object related to a first renewal date of a first domain name with a second object related to a second renewal date of a second domain name, the synchronization request including an explicit identifier only of the first domain name but not of the second domain name; locate both the first object and the second object in a domain name database; determining a renewal date which is earlier than at least one of the first renewal date and the second renewal date; and synchronizing as a backwards synchronization operation the first object and the second object to both have said renewal date, such that both the first domain name and the second domain name are configured to expire on said renewal date.

Abstract: A gaming cloud gaming system and a method of initiating a gaming session. One embodiment of the gaming cloud gaming system includes a computing system having: (1) an entry point operable to receive a game session request and generate instructions for establishing a connection between a client and a game server, and (2) a dynamically configurable reverse proxy operable to proxy for the game server and configured to employ the instructions to create a route to a randomly selected port on the game server through which the connection is makeable.

Abstract: A data storage device includes a nonvolatile memory device including an address mapping table; a memory including a sequential map table in which sequential map entries for consecutive logical block addresses among logical block addresses are stored, the logical block addresses being received with write requests from a host device; and a processor configured to read one or more map segments, including logical block addresses of which mapping information is to be updated, from the address mapping table when a map update operation is triggered, store the read one or more map segments in the memory, sequentially change physical block addresses mapped to the respective logical block addresses to be updated, using a first sequential map entry including the logical block addresses to be updated which are stored in the sequential map table, and store the changed physical block addresses in the memory.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of data processing technology, and more particularly, relates to a method for network traffic forwarding, request sending, and communication acceleration, a forwarding server and a node server. The network traffic forwarding method includes: receiving a first access request carrying an acceleration domain name from a user terminal and determining whether an origin site domain name corresponding to the acceleration domain name exists; if the origin site domain name exists, obtaining the origin site domain name corresponding to the acceleration domain name according to a first pre-set rule; and sending a second access request carrying the origin site domain name and corresponding origin site address information to an Internet acceleration platform to perform an accelerated transmission process in response to the second access request.

Abstract: A method for concurrently publishing a current version of a plurality of Domain Name System (DNS) records for zone of a domain name and for storing a next version of the plurality of DNS records for the zone, the method comprising the steps of: obtaining selected data of registry data associated with the domain name stored in a registry database; digitally signing the registry data to generate a first signed DNS record and digitally signing the registry data to generate a second signed DNS record; and a distribution system for coordinating concurrent generation and transmission of the current version and the next version; the distribution system and signing system cooperating to: a) generate the current version to include the first signed DNS record; and b) while the current version is operational in the DNS, generate the next version the second signed DNS record.

Abstract: A network system according to the present invention includes: a server that provides a content to a communication terminal; a relay device that establishes a connection with the server; and a DNS server that stores an IP address of the server. When accepting an inquiry of the IP address of the server being a providing source of the content from the communication terminal, the relay device inquires the IP address from the DNS server, and performs in parallel processing of transmitting the IP address received in response to the inquiry to the communication terminal, and processing of establishing a connection with the server assigned the IP address.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are a method and device for determining a resource of a logical channel, and a computer storage medium. The method comprises: a terminal receives configuration information sent by a network side, the configuration information being provided with a first mapping relationship between association information of a data packet and at least one of the following resource attributes: a TTI and a carrier, the terminal determines a second mapping relationship between the logical channel and the association information of the data packet and determines, on the basis of the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship, at least one of the following resource attributes corresponding to the logical channel: the TTI and the carrier.

Abstract: Provided is a method for domain name ranking. An example method includes receiving Domain Name System (DNS) data, which includes domain names. The DNS data is processed to obtain multiple metric values for each of the domain names. The metric values can include a query count (QC), a client count (CC), and a network count (NC). The method proceeds with calculating a score for each of the domain names based on the metric values. The calculation can be performed using the following equation: Score=NC·CC·(1+log(QC)). Furthermore, the method ranks the domain names based on the score for each of the domain names. The ranking can be based on normalization of the scores or based on converting the scores into respective percentile ranks.

Abstract: A method including correlating a network address of a user to a domain name in a domain name system of a computing network, based on a service log, is provided. The method includes identifying a user group, generating a watch list of servers that control access to a new resource, and establishing a baseline behaviour for a client device based on a first access and a last access to one server in the watch list of servers during a time to live period. The method also includes adding the true network address and a correlated domain name to the baseline behaviour, retrieving a timestamp of an access by the client device to the network address, and flagging, as a violation, the access by the client device to the network address when the access is outside of a legitimate window around the baseline behaviour.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus related to receiving, at an access point and from a wireless communication station, a media access control (MAC) address of the wireless communication station; assigning, at the access point, a prefix to the MAC address of the wireless communication station; receiving, at the access point and from the wireless communication station, a frame comprising the prefix and a random MAC address; replacing, at the access point and using the prefix, the random MAC address in the frame with the MAC address of the wireless communication station, thereby resulting in a processed frame; and transmitting, at the access point and to a destination device, the processed frame.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, computer program product, and system for generating and manipulating an index for a table in a database. A query statement is received, the table of lines are searched, a result list is generated, and an index for the query statement is generated, wherein the index comprises information associated with the result list and the query condition. The query condition and the identifier of the table is extracted from the query statement, where the index is generated based on the query condition, the identifier of the table, and the result list. A hash value of the identifier of the table and the query condition is obtained, an association between the hash value and the result list to build the index is generated, and in response to a line of the plurality of lines in the table being modified, the index identified as invalid.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for user interfaces and associated processes in email communication. Incoming email messages that identify a sender and message recipients are rendered with Reply, Reply-All, and Forward command icons that can be activated by a user to create an outgoing email message. When a user so activates one of the command icons, the methods and systems create and render the outgoing email message to include a Send icon that indicates the command activated to create the outgoing email message (e.g., the Send icon alerts the user that the outgoing email message was created responsive to a Reply-All command). The Send icon may also inform the user of input required to activate the Send command (e.g., double click) based on the command that initiated creation of the outgoing email message.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for providing split-tunneled network connectivity on a per-application basis. A DNS query is received from a locally hosted DNS resolver. A first recursive DNS query is sent to an external DNS server and a second recursive DNS query is sent to an internal DNS server. A first recursive DNS response is then received from the external DNS server and a second recursive DNS response is received from the external DNS server. A response is then provided to the DNS query.

Abstract: A network access point (NAP) of a second type of network is configured to receive a first type of packet from a device configured to operate in only a first type of network. The NAP is configured to determine an appropriate namespace for the first type of packet based on an address of an intended destination of the first type of packet. The NAP is configured to encapsulate the first type of packet into a second type of packet for use in the second type of network. The NAP is configured to route the second type of packet to a plurality of devices subscribed to the namespace in the second type of network.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a communication processor; a processor connected to the communication processor; and a memory connected to the processor and the communication processor. The memory stores a domain name system (DNS) table, first instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to: generate a first DNS query message including a domain address based on execution of a networking service; and deliver the first DNS query message to the communication processor, and second instructions that, when executed, cause the communication processor to update the DNS table by periodically receiving a first DNS response message including an IP address corresponding to the domain address, as a response to the first DNS query message, delivering the first DNS response message to the processor; transmitting a second DNS query message including the domain address to the network, and receiving a second DNS response message, as a response to the second DNS query message.

Abstract: A communication device, which complies with an IEEE802.11 standard and performs communication by assigning an Association identifier (AID) to a partner device, determines the AID to be assigned to the partner device from a first range of AID values if the partner device is a first device compatible with a frame that is transmitted with a destination designated by a range of the AID, and determines the AID to be assigned to the partner device from a second range different from the first range if the partner device is a second device not compatible with the frame that is transmitted with the destination designated by the range of the AID.

Abstract: Network-based probabilistic device linking techniques are described that link multiple devices associated with a common entity. In one example, log records are received from service providers including a device identifier and an IP address associated with a computing device that uses the service providers to access resources. The received log records are filtered and analyzed to identify connection frequencies between each device identifier and various IP addresses. Connection frequencies are scored and used to identify a subset of connections for computing linked devices belonging to a common entity, such as a single user, a household of users, users in a specific location, and so on. Linked devices are computed from the subset of selected connections and combined into linked device clusters. These linked device clusters can then be output so that market analysis can be performed on the linked device cluster rather than data pertaining to a single device.

Abstract: A method, a device, an apparatus and a computer-readable storage medium for MAC address conflict detection. The method includes: in response to detecting a wireless local area network, transmitting, at a first device, a dummy MAC address of the first device to a second device in the wireless local area network, the dummy MAC address being different from a real MAC address of the first device; transmitting an address conflict detection request for the dummy MAC address to the second device; and in response to an address conflict detection response from the second device indicating that there is no conflict for the dummy MAC address, establishing a connection with the wireless local area network. The method may effectively protect privacy information for a user of a terminal device, while avoiding a MAC address conflict, such that the user can communicate in a secure network environment.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to the field of security and remote data communications, specifically to data communications between applications running on different devices residing in different service provider networks. The invention includes methods and systems to resolve the application host based on user defined naming schema, automate the secure tunnel creation among the communication entities via Security Enforcement Servers, start up the applications via secure out of band control channel, perform packet inspection and anomaly detection based on injected user rules and historical traffic pattern, generate alert or notifications via email, text, etc. to specific users. The invention further tears down the secure connection based on application demand or inactivity timeout, generates event and statistic data records for troubleshooting and future auditing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for initiating a data connection between a central server and a control unit communicatively coupled to an elevator, escalator or autowalk. The method comprises: receiving a trigger signal from the central server, wherein the trigger signal is delivered with a service of a mobile communication network into which the control unit is communicatively coupled to; detecting if the trigger signal complies with at least one pre-defined requirement; and in response to a positive outcome of the detection initiating a data connection establishment from the control unit to the central server. The invention also relates to a control unit for an elevator, escalator or autowalk.

Abstract: A system and method for connecting virtual computer networks in a public cloud computing environment using a transit virtual computer network uses a cloud gateway device in the transit virtual computer network that includes a first-tier logical router and a plurality of second-tier logical routers connected to the virtual computer networks. A source Internet Protocol (IP) address of outgoing data packets from a particular virtual computer network is translated at a particular second-tier logical router of the cloud gateway device from an IP address of the particular virtual computer network to an internal IP address from a particular pool of IP addresses. The outgoing data packets are then routed to the first-tier logical router of the cloud gateway device, where the outgoing data packets are transmitted a destination network from a particular interface of the first-tier logical router of the cloud gateway device.

Abstract: According to one general aspect, an apparatus may include a store stream detector configured to detect when the apparatus is streaming data to a memory system. The apparatus may also include a write generator configured to route a stream of data to either a near memory of the memory system or a far memory of the memory system based upon a cache threshold value and a size of the stream of data. The apparatus may be configured to dynamically vary the cache threshold value based upon a predetermined rule set, such that cache pollution caused by the stream of data is managed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a server apparatus, a client apparatus, and a method for communication based on network address mutation. The method for communication based on network address mutation, performed by the server apparatus and the client apparatus, includes setting the external address of a network interface for receiving a packet from the client apparatus; setting the internal address of a hidden interface in order to forward the packet received through the network interface to the hidden interface; modifying the external address based on a preset network address mutation rule; and communicating with the client apparatus by forwarding the packet, received from the client apparatus based on the modified external address, to the hidden interface.

Abstract: Implementations include receiving, by a redirection resolver, a URL identifying a location of a network resource, processing, by the redirection resolver, the URL to provide a set of results including a set of redirection URLs, the set of redirection URLs including one or more redirections between the URL and an end URL, processing the set of redirection URLs to provide input to a machine learning (ML) model that generates an output based on the set of redirection URLs, determining an error value associated with the URL, and providing an indicator assigned to the URL based on the error value, the indicator indicating whether the URL is determined to be potentially malicious.

Abstract: Systems and methods may provide for confirming, by a loader module having administrative rights with respect to a computing device, the operability of an activator module on the computing device. Additionally, the activator module may be used to manage an installation status of one or more service agents or software components on the computing device and making them persistent. In one example, confirming the operability of the activator module includes conducting a presence verification and/or authentication of the activator module, wherein a replacement activator module may be downloaded to the computing device if the presence verification and/or authentication is unsuccessful.

Abstract: Data is processed in a data communications network comprising a hierarchical domain name system. An authoritative name server for a first domain name processes a received domain name query for the first domain name by obtaining one or more resource records associated with the first domain name. The one or more resource records comprise contact information associated with an entity associated with a second domain name. The authoritative name server transmits a response to the domain name query. The response comprises the one or more resource records. The first domain name includes the second domain name and at least one label following the second domain name.

Abstract: Examples described herein include systems and methods for dynamically determining a server for enrollment with a management system. An example method can include receiving user input at an application executing on a user device, such as a portal application that provides access to and authentication for other applications through a catalogue of application icons. If the user input includes a first URL but that URL produces an error when used in conjunction with extensions associated with a management server, the application can automatically use extensions associated with an application-support server. The application can then retrieve a second URL from the application-support server and use it for performing enrollment steps at the management server. The enrollment steps can include authenticating the user at an identity service and determining the user's group ID for enrollment, for example.