Abstract: In one example embodiment, a server obtains a first indication of a first identifier associated with a user equipment in a wireless network, and first telemetry data associated with the first indication. The server obtains, from a network entity including a base station entity serving wireless communication in the wireless network, a second indication of the first identifier and second telemetry data associated with the second indication. The server determines that the first indication and the second indication match. In response to determining that the first indication and the second indication match, the server correlates the first telemetry data and the second telemetry data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a near field communication (NFC) and a Bluetooth-based digital price display system, and providing a digital price indicator communicating with a server to change information in real time, display information on a product, and replace a tag with an application installed in the digital price indicator.

Abstract: An algorithm download method, a device, and a related product. The method includes: obtaining an algorithm identifier of an algorithm and a capability description of a client; sending the algorithm identifier and the capability description to a cloud; and receiving a version code that is of the algorithm and that is returned by the cloud, where the version code is obtained by the cloud by searching based on the algorithm identifier and the capability description. According to the foregoing solution, an algorithm can be easily downloaded.

Abstract: An information handling system includes multiple data ports, a memory, and a processor. Each of the data ports enables a separate communication link of a plurality of communication links for the information handling system. The memory stores data to indicate whether the information handling system supports bridge assurance on each of the communication links. In response to the bridge assurance being supported in the information handling system, the processor provides a message across a first link of the communication links. The message indicates that bridge assurance is supported in the information handling system. The processor also determines whether an acknowledgement message has been received. In response to the acknowledgement message being received, the processor enables the bridge assurance on the first link.

Abstract: A communication system comprises a plurality of network elements and a management apparatus. Each of the network elements transfers a data signal. The management apparatus manages a line service provided by a network element as management object among the plurality of network elements. The management apparatus generates an authentication code corresponding to the network element as management object and notifies the generated authentication code to the network element as management object. The network element as management object, using the notified authentication code, judges whether or not to accept a change concerning the line service of the own network element.

Abstract: Intelligent learning and management of networked architectures is disclosed. A network architecture can be mapped to identify a set of interconnected hardware and software elements that comprise the network architecture. Data sources associated with the set of interconnected hardware and software elements can be identified and employed to compile data associated with the elements. The data can be utilized to determine an action to address potential negative effects of a change to the network architecture such as an update or patch. In one instance, the action corresponds to a reconfiguration of at least one of the set of interconnected hardware and software elements. Further, machine learning can be employed to determine a particular configuration. Once determined the action can be implemented on the network architecture.

Abstract: Augmented reality systems provide graphics over views from a mobile device for both in-venue and remote viewing of a sporting or other event. A server system can provide a transformation between the coordinate system of a mobile device (smart phone, tablet computer, head mounted display) and a real world coordinate system. Requested graphics for the event are displayed over a view of an event.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a synchronization system and method for a substation monitoring backend database, an SCD, and an RCD. The system includes: a synchronization token management unit, an SCD synchronization module, an RCD synchronization module, and a monitoring backend database synchronization module. The synchronization token management unit is configured to send or reclaim modification tokens, only at most one of which can exist at a time, and send a synchronization token.

Abstract: The method relates to a synchronization of a magnetic locating system including a first device and a second device each including an oscillator, a time counter clocked by the oscillator, and a radiocommunication module. The locating system also includes a device for emitting and receiving alternating magnetic fields, the device being configured to allow a propagation of alternating magnetic fields between the first and second devices, the device for emitting and receiving alternating magnetic fields being connected to the oscillators of the first and second devices. The synchronizing method includes a synchronizing step that is configured to synchronize the oscillators of the first and second devices by adjusting, by servo-controlling the oscillator of the second device, the operation of the time counter of the second device to the operation of the time counter of the first device.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for syncing data of a computing task across a plurality of groups of computing nodes. Each group including a set of computing nodes A-D, a set of intra-group interconnects that communicatively couple computing node A with computing nodes B and C and computing node D with computing nodes B and C, and a set of inter-group interconnects that communicatively couple each of computing nodes A-D with corresponding computing nodes A-D in each of a plurality of neighboring groups. The method comprises syncing data at a computing node of the plurality of groups of computing nodes using inter-group interconnects and intra-group interconnects along four different directions relative to the node; and broadcasting synced data from the node to the plurality of groups of computing nodes using inter-group interconnects and intra-group interconnects along four different directions relative to the node.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques that include presenting a visual information that conveys information about health data associated with a large number of network devices or a large number of attributes of one or more network devices. In one example, this disclosure describes a method that includes collecting performance indicator data and determining a plurality of health status values based on a health status rule; grouping the health status values, based on how many health status values are in the plurality of health status values, into a plurality of health status groups, wherein each of the health status groups includes a subset of the health status values, and wherein each of the health status values within each subset are related to each of the other health status values in the subset; and determining, for each of the health status groups, a group health status value.

Abstract: The present application discloses a network card, time synchronization methods and devices, and computer storage media. The network card includes: a crystal oscillator configured to generate a clock pulse signal; a phase-locked loop configured to provide a local clock source for the network card according to the clock pulse signal; and a connector connected with a host. The network card transmits synchronized time information to each of N VMs, which are run on the host, through a shared channel, where N?2.

Abstract: The present technology pertains to synchronizing contents of a directory external to a synchronized directory by a content management system. The content management system is configured to synchronize only objects in the synchronized directory. Accordingly, the present technology creates an anchor object that represents the directory external to the synchronized directory within the synchronized directory. The anchor object includes special attributes that indicate to the synchronization client that the anchor object represents an external directory, and allows the contents of that directory to be synchronized directly to a server on the content management system without first storing the contents of the external directory on the hard drive of the client device.

Abstract: In some examples, a system comprises a memory device for storing instructions and a processor which executes instructions causing the system to perform operations comprising receiving an instruction to transfer a state of a first device to a second device, and packaging information relating to the state of the first device in a file. The packaging of the information relating to the state of the first device includes recording each application executing on the first device in a list maintained in the file, and transferring the file containing information relating to the state of the first device to the second device, either directly or indirectly based on an availability of connections between the first device and the second device. The file, when processed by the second device, causes the second device to reproduce the state of the first device. In some example, reproducing the state of the first device includes the second device downloading, from one or more of the locations, one or more of the applications.

Abstract: Disclosed in some examples are methods, systems, and machine readable mediums for efficient asynchronous replication of hierarchical records across data storage locations. Methods and systems are also described for efficiently updating replicated records. Disclosed also in some examples are improved storage, replication, and distribution of data related to network-based meetings (e.g., media) in hierarchical records. Data for one or more components of the meeting (e.g., media) may be stored in a child record (called a component record). The network-based meeting may be described by a parent record with links to, and in some examples descriptions of, the meeting component records (the child records).

Abstract: A network node includes a port and circuitry. The port is configured for communicating over a packet network. The circuitry is configured to receive, via the port, a sequence of packets from a peer network node, the sequence of packets including (i) a time-protocol packet and (ii) a transmit-side (TX) time-stamp indicative of a time at which the time-protocol packet was transmitted from the peer network node, to assess a receive-side (RX) traffic pattern over one or more of the received packets in the sequence that precede reception of the time-protocol packet, and to calculate an accuracy measure for the TX time-stamp, based on the assessed RX traffic pattern.

Abstract: A vehicle includes a controller area network (CAN) and a plurality of a controllers in communication with each other via the CAN, wherein each controller of the plurality of controllers is configured to time-stamp messages transmitted via the CAN using a vehicle-wide synchronized clock, determine a worst-case transmission delay via the CAN based on the time-stamps for messages received from other controllers of the plurality of controllers, and based on the worse-case transmission delay, set a dynamic recovery timer for a malfunctioning controller of the plurality of controllers to recover after its malfunction, wherein the dynamic recovery timer prevents a particular controller that was malfunctioning but has since recovered from being incorrectly designated as a malfunctioning controller in need of service.

Abstract: A first correspondence table in a terminal device stores a correspondence between an identifier of a process running on the terminal device and an identifier of a data stream created by the process, a second correspondence table stores a second correspondence between an identifier of an application and an identifier of a process created by the application. The terminal device receives an identifier, sent by a network security device, of a first data stream. The terminal device can find, in the first correspondence table, a first record storing the identifier of the first data stream to obtain an identifier of a process. The terminal device can find in the second correspondence table, a second record storing the identifier of the process in the first record to obtain an identifier of an application from the second record. The identifier of the application is then sent to the network security device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for providing a fault-tolerant global time via a time server in a distributed real-time computer system, wherein the time server comprises four components which are connected to one another via a bi-directional communication channel. At a priori defined periodic, internal synchronization times, each of the four components transmits an internal synchronization message, which is simultaneously transmitted to the other three components, from which each internal computer of a component determines a correction term for the tick counter contained in its component and corrects the reading of the local tick counter by this correction term.

Abstract: A method of and an application server and user equipment for providing at least one of chat and Voice over Internet Protocol, chat/VoIP, services to the mobile user equipment in a mobile telecommunications network. The mobile user equipment comprises a chat/VoIP client for accessing a chat/VoIP service application interfacing the mobile telecommunications network. The chat/VoIP service application interfaces a plurality of proprietary chat/VoIP clients for accessing a plurality of proprietary chat/VoIP communication environments operated by a plurality of chat/VoIP service providers, for providing chat/VoIP services to the chat/VoIP client of the mobile user equipment. The chat/VoIP client and the chat/VoIP service application may be arranged such that privileged use of the mobile telecommunications network is enabled, providing a session between the user equipment and a communication environment with a predetermined or agreed Quality of Service.

Abstract: A logon screen and a user interface (UI) element used in connection with a remote desktop are resized, by presenting the logon screen and UI element in a connection/viewing window having a size that has been reduced to be smaller than the topology of a display screen of a user device. After the logon process is completed, a window of the remote desktop and/or a window of an application installed on the remote desktop can be sized/resized to a larger size for use by the user.

Abstract: A system and method are described for creation of a mosaic display system. A device is assigned an address which may be used to produce unique sequence of illumination which is based on a code determined by the address. A sequence of images of a number of devices may be used to determine a spatial location associated with a device address.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus are disclosed. A device includes processing circuitry that includes a processor and a memory, where the memory is configured to store a logical container including a plurality of encrypted data portions and a plurality of executable code portions. Each encrypted data portion and executable code portion is separately encrypted with a different encryption key and associated with a user. The processing circuitry receives, from a software application operating in another device, a first request associated with at least one encrypted data portion and one executable code portion of the logical container. The first request includes an encryption token associated with the software application. In response to the first request, the processing circuitry triggers a verification code portion to determine whether the first request is authorized and performs at least one operation to fulfill the first request in response to determining the request is authorized.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatus, and articles of manufacture to facilitate configuration and naming of a multimedia playback device on a local playback network are disclosed. An example method includes identifying and analyzing local network topology to identify playback device(s) connected to the network at location(s). The example method includes analyzing a playback device to be added and comparing the playback device to be added to the playback device(s) already connected to the network. The example method includes displaying available option(s) to name the playback device to be added based on the analysis of the network, the already connected playback device(s) and the playback device to be added to the network. The example method includes naming the playback device to be added based on a selected available option.

Abstract: A method for synchronizing a first time domain with a second time domain of a system on chip includes a detection of at least one periodic trigger event generated in the first time domain, the second time domain or in a third time domain; acquisitions, made at the instants of the at least one trigger event, of the current timestamp values representative of the instantaneous states of the time domain(s) other than the trigger time domain; a comparison, made in the third time domain, between differential durations between current timestamp values which are respectively acquired successively; and a synchronization of the second time domain with the first time domain, on the basis of the comparison.

Abstract: A device, system, and method perform an automatic change over for transport streams. The method is performed at an output server. The method includes selecting a first transport stream. The method includes generating a first portion of an output based on the first transport stream. The method includes selecting a second transport stream. The method includes determining a frametime to synchronize first packets of the first transport stream to second packets of the second transport stream. The frametime is based on a start time of a content item included in the first transport stream and the second transport stream and a completed progression of the content item using the first transport stream. The method includes determining a location in the second transport stream based on the frametime. The method includes generating a second portion of the output based on the second transport stream starting at the location.

Abstract: A heuristics-based concurrent edit detector (“ConE”) can notify collaborators about potential conflicts that may be caused by edits made by other collaborators. ConE may compare concurrent edits submitted by collaborators, calculate the extent of overlap between two sets of edits, apply one or more filters to balance recall versus precision, and decide whether to alert the collaborators about candidate potential conflicts. ConE may be light-weight and easily scalable to work in a very large environment with numerous collaborators.

Abstract: As described herein, a router signals a source device to establish a new stateful communication session with a destination device by changing a network path used by traffic associated with the session. In one example, a router forwards traffic of a first stateful routing session established by the source device along a first path. In response to determining that that the first path should not be used, the router forwards a packet of the first session along a second path. The destination device recognizes the change in path, which causes the destination device to reject the packet, which in turn causes the source device to establish a second stateful routing session. The router forwards subsequent traffic of the second stateful routing session along the second path.

Abstract: A network element includes circuitry configured to receive information related to clock distribution from Precision Time Protocol (PTP) messages from an upstream network element, determine a delta between a network clock from the information and a Primary Reference Time Clock (PRTC), and transmit the delta in PTP messages to downstream network elements. The circuitry can be further configured to receive a configuration of a clock class of a clock at the network element, and transmit the clock class in the PTP messages with the delta. The clock class can be one of A, B, C, and D from G.8273.2 or G.8273.4.

Abstract: A communication device (e.g., a data system on a module (DSoM)/a Data System in a Package (DSiP)) for communicatively coupling a computing device with a cloud-based service to synchronize one or more data modifications, on an asynchronous basis with respect to one another is provided. The communication device may be configured to be communicatively coupled to the computing device and may include a wireless cellular transceiver. The communication device may be configured to one or more of transmit at least one data object from the computing device to the cloud-based service and receive at least one data object from the cloud-based service. Embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a distributed replicated spatiotemporal database packaged on a communication device and integrated with an internet-based secure communication hub.

Abstract: A context-driven multi-user system may include distributed computing resource(s) that replicate proper subset(s) of user-relevant context data to computing device(s). A replication server may receive an update record corresponding to stored context data and determine propagation records based at least in part thereon. Each propagation record may correspond to a respective, different proper subset of the context data. The replication server may transmit the propagation records to respective replication clients. A replication client may receive a propagation record and modify local context data in response. The replication client may receive a data record and determine an update record in response and using the local context data. The computing device may transmit the determined update record. A server may receive a query specification referencing a data source and transmit the query specification to a replication client of the multi-user system, the client corresponding to the data source.

Abstract: A system for propagating an identity state change set about shared identities may include a plurality of systems of record (SORs), and a management server cooperating with the plurality of SORs and configured to: detect discrete Create-Retrieve-Update-Delete (CRUD) operations on a given SOR related to at least one shared identity to generate an identity state change set corresponding to a current state of the at least one shared identity; transact the identity state change set, with associated metadata, to a distributed immutable long-term storage as a current transaction; propagate the identity state change set and associated metadata to replicate a current state of the at least one shared identity as of the current transaction to at least one domain cache instance, and; synchronize the current state of the at least one shared identity across the plurality of SORs from the at least one domain cache instance.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses related to federated search of multiple sources with conflict resolution are disclosed. A method may comprise obtaining a set of data ontologies (e.g., types, properties, and links) associated with a plurality of heterogeneous data sources; receiving a selection of a graph comprising a plurality of graph nodes connected by one or more graph edges; and transforming the graph into one or more search queries across the plurality of heterogeneous data sources. A method may comprise obtaining a first data object as a result of executing a first search query across a plurality of heterogeneous data sources; resolving, based on one or more resolution rules, at least the first data object with a repository data object; deduplicating data associated with at least the first data object and the repository data object prior to storing the deduplicated data in a repository that has a particular data model.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to controlling an autonomous vehicle to respond to a detected collision. An autonomous vehicle control system may receive sensor data associated with an autonomous vehicle in which the autonomous vehicle control system is installed. The autonomous vehicle control system may analyze the sensor data in real-time as the sensor data is received and may detect an occurrence of a collision involving the autonomous vehicle. In response to detecting the occurrence of the collision, the autonomous vehicle control system may generate claim information based on the sensor data and may process the claim information based on at least one insurance profile maintained by the autonomous vehicle control system. Then, the autonomous vehicle control system may generate a claim notification based on processing the claim information and may send the claim notification to a vehicle management computer system.

Abstract: An example method of live migration of distributed databases may include implementing a first database access mode with respect to a distributed database to be migrated from an original set of storage servers to a destination set of storage servers, wherein, in the first database access mode, database read requests are routed to the original set of storage servers and database update requests are routed to both the original set of storage servers and the destination set of storage servers. The method may further include copying a plurality of records of the distributed database from the original set of storage servers to the destination set of storage servers. The method may further include switching to a second database access mode, in which database read requests are routed to the destination set of storage servers and database update requests are routed to both the original set of storage servers and the destination set of storage servers.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a computer-implemented method for DHCP-communications monitoring by a network controller in software defined networks is disclosed. A method comprises detecting that a virtualized compute instance is instantiated on a host computer; generating, and transmitting to a port manager executing on the host computer, instructions to set a BLOCK-EXCEPT-DHCP status on a port assigned to the virtualized compute instance; determining whether an IP address has been assigned to the port by a DHCP service; and if it has: generating, and transmitting to the port manager, instructions to set a NORMAL status on the port; generating, and transmitting to the port manager, a SpoofGuard configured with the IP address assigned to the port; based on notifications received from the SpoofGuard, determining whether the IP address assigned to the port of the virtualized compute instance has been misused, expired or spoofed; and if it has, transmitting instructions to set the BLOCK-EXCEPT-DHCP status on the port.

Abstract: A network service management method, where the method may include: receiving, by a second network functions virtualization orchestrator (NFVO), a first request sent by a first NFVO; establishing, by the second NFVO, a first connection between the nested network service instance and the composite network service instance and a second connection between the nested network service instance and a member instance in the composite network service instance based on the service access point instance and the information about the service access point instance; and establishing a network connection between the nested network service instance and a member instance in the nested network service instance based on the service access point instance and the information about the service access point instance.

Abstract: Synchronization of clocks among computing devices in a network includes determining master/slave relations among the computing devices. Some computing devices (e.g., switches) include trunk ports configured to carry traffic for several logical networks; e.g., virtual local area networks, VLANs. A trunk port can be associated with a master/slave setting for each logical network that it is configured for. Synchronization of clocks among the computing devices further includes running a synchronization sequence between a trunk port and each computing device on each of the logical networks configured on the trunk port.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising a display and a reader that reads an IC card. The image forming apparatus performs settings for user authentication and displays on the display a menu screen for selecting a function of the image forming apparatus. In a case where in user authentication by the IC card and automatic registration of user information are set in the settings, a user of an IC card is able to log in the image forming apparatus using information of the IC card when the reader detects the IC card of the user.

Abstract: Systems and methods for broadcasting an audio stream to a plurality of speakers with a broadcasting mode. In one example, a method includes, responsive to a first speaker of a plurality of speakers receiving a first audio stream from a first audio device and a request to enter a broadcasting mode, operating the first speaker in a master sub-mode of a broadcasting mode by: re-broadcasting the first audio stream from the first audio device via a second speaker of the plurality of speakers operating in a slave sub-mode of the broadcasting mode, the second speaker not receiving the first audio stream from the first audio device. In this way, an audio stream from an audio device may be re-broadcasting to a plurality of speakers via a broadcasting mode.

Abstract: A processing system includes a service provider, such as a printing device, that receives requests to process tasks or jobs from service requesters. At times, the service provider will not be available for processing and will generate deferral responses to the service requesters. The deferral responses include a condition to be met before processing requests can be resent from the service requesters. After the condition is met, the processing requests are resent to the service provider to be fulfilled.

Abstract: Provided are a device synchronization method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The device synchronization method includes: in response to determining that a second device does not receive a first data packet, determining a target time cycle for sending data packets by the second device based on a preset cycle adjustment parameter and a preset time slice length; determining whether the second device receives a second data packet sent by the first device based on the time slice length and the target time cycle of the second device; and in response to determining that the second device receives the second data packet sent by the first device, determining a time point for sending a data packet next time by the second device according to data packet information of the first device, achieving cycle synchronization of the second device in a preset synchronization cycle time period.

Abstract: A method for providing a high-speed data communication between a host and field-programmable gate array (“FPGA”) is disclosed. The method, in one embodiment, is capable of identifying a data rate on a bus containing a P-channel and an N-channel operable to transmit signals in accordance with a high-speed Universal Serial Bus (“USB”) protocol. Upon sampling, by a first input deserializer, first two samples of data signals carried by the P-channel in accordance with a first clock signals clocking twice as fast as the data rate of the P-channel, a second input deserializer is used to sample the second two samples of data signals transmitted by the N-channel in accordance with a second clock signal running twice as fast as the data rate of the N-channel with a ninety (90) degree phase shift. The method subsequently forwards the data signals to one or more configurable logic blocks (“LBs”) in FPGA.

Abstract: An operation method of a first communication node operating as a current reference grand master (GM) node in a vehicle network includes: transmitting a first synchronization message including a first reference time of the first communication node; receiving a first response message from a second communication node, the first response message including a first synchronization offset indicating a difference between a first local time of the second communication node and the first reference time; receiving a second response message from the second communication node, the second response message including a second synchronization offset indicating a difference between the first local time and a second reference time of a third communication node operating as a GM node; and determining the first communication node or the third communication node as a new reference GM node based on a result of comparison between the first synchronization offset and the second synchronization offset.

Abstract: An example system comprising a first transceiver configured to receive a request airframe from a second transceiver over a wireless link, the request airframe including a first time indication indicating a first time TS1, a second time indication indicating a second time TS2 that the request airframe was received, generate a respond airframe and including a third time indication indicating a third time TS3 that the respond airframe is transmitted to the second transceiver, transmit the respond airframe to the second transceiver, provide a timestamp information request to second transceiver, receive a timestamp information response, the timestamp information response including a fourth time indication indicating a fourth time TS4, calculate a counter offset using the first time, second time, third time and fourth time as follows: counter ? ? offset = ( TS ? ? 1 + TS ? ? 4 - TS ? ? 3 - TS ? ? 2 ) 2 , calculate a phase offset based on the counter offset, and correct a pha

Abstract: A synchronization signal is received at a user equipment from a base station. The user equipment synchronizes clocks between the user equipment and the base station using a combination of sample and sub-sample timing determined based at least in part on the synchronization signal. At a base station, the base station transmits toward a user equipment a synchronization signal. The base station synchronizes clocks between the base station and the user equipment using a combination of sample and sub-sample timing determined based on at least the synchronization signal. Methods, apparatus, software, and computer program products are disclosed.

Abstract: A system for synchronizing media content playout includes a computing platform having a hardware processor and a system memory storing a software code. The hardware processor executes the software code to receive a first state message from a first media player playing a first media content and a second state message from a second media player playing a second media content, the first media content and the second media content being the same media content. The software code further determines a coordination state for playout of the first media content and the second media content based on one or more of the first and second state messages, and transmits a first coordination message including the coordination state to the first media player and a second coordination message including the coordination state to the second media player to synchronize playout of the first media content and the second media content.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are disclosed for dynamic user interfaces. An example computer-implemented method includes receiving a communication channel request from a user device and establishing a communication channel with the user device. The computer-implemented method also includes receiving an indication that a first user and a second user are accessing the communication channel via the user device and generating a hybrid interface. The hybrid interface includes blended interface data based upon first user parameter data associated with the first user and second user parameter data associated with the second user, first personalized interface data based upon the first user parameter data, and second personalized interface data based upon the second user parameter data. The computer-implemented method may include causing the first personalized interface data and/or the second personalized interface data to be obscured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for synchronizing playback of an audio and/or video content. An embodiment operates by collectively selecting, by a first device in concert with a second device of a plurality of devices in a computer network session, and in accordance with a predetermined synchronization list comprising a first and second synchronization mechanism, the first synchronization mechanism over the second synchronization mechanism such that the first synchronization mechanism is more precise than the second synchronization mechanism. The first and second synchronization mechanisms are configured to provide a synchronized playback of the at least one of the audio content and the video content.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for storing indexed metadata associated with backed up data is provided. The operations comprising: for each first data item stored at a first client device to be backed up, extracting, at the first client device, an associated first metadata item; transforming, at the first client device, the first metadata item based on a predefined metadata definition; associating, at the first client device, a first client identifier and a backup identifier with the transformed first metadata item; and transferring the transformed first metadata item from the first client device to a metadata bus of a search cluster.