Abstract: A handheld device cradle for holding a handheld device in a fixed position relative to the cradle includes a movable IR coupling transceiver selectively connected to a keyboard and selectively movable relative to the cradle to align with the IR port of a handheld device mounted on the cradle. A reflective element of the cradle apparatus is arranged to facilitate a satisfactory alignment of a handheld device with the cradle IR transceiver regardless of the location of the IR port on the handheld device. In an example, a full-sized keyboard is used to provide input to a handheld device which is mounted within the exemplary cradle apparatus to maintain IR port alignment between the cradle IR port and the handheld device IR port.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling data transmission between IDE apparatuses allow an IDE controller of an IDE control device to send read control signal to an IDE apparatus via a set of IDE interfaces and a signal control transmission line and then to send write control signal to another IDE apparatus via another set of IDE interfaces and another signal control transmission line. Thus, the output data from the IDE apparatus through the data transmission line can be accelerated the transmission speed thereof between IDE apparatuses so as to save the time for transmitting data.

Abstract: A serial bus is provided that supports multiple data transmission protocols. The serial bus allows a bus master to communicate with a variety of semiconductor devices that support a variety of serial interface standards. As a result, a single bus master may control and observe a JTAG-compatible semiconductor device, an SPI-compatible semiconductor device and an I2C compatible semiconductor device over the serial bus.

Abstract: The invention provides a plug-and-work sensor interface device named “puck” for fast and easy deployment of various types of serial devices, which include commercial off-the-shelf and custom-made sensors and instruments, in a distributed, dynamic oceanic observing network. In an embodiment, each puck is removably attached and electrically coupled to a specific sensor to be deployed. The puck comprises a non-volatile memory for associating and storing arbitrary binary information about the sensor and a microprocessor for controlling how the information is read from and written into the non-volatile memory. The sensor information may include unique sensor identifier, sensor metadata, sensor device driver, etc. The puck itself does not execute any of the device code; rather, a host retrieves the sensor information from the puck when the puck is plugged in. The retrieval can be done automatically or semi-automatically with user interaction.

Abstract: An interface device (10) provides fast data communication between a host device with input/output interfaces and a data transmit/receive device, wherein the interface device (10) comprises a processor means (13), a memory means (14), a first connecting device (12) for interfacing the host device with the interface device, and a second connecting device (15) for interfacing the interface device (10) with the data transmit/receive device. The interface device (10) is configured by the processor means (13) and the memory means (14) in such a way that, when receiving an inquiry from the host device via the first connecting device (12) as to the type of a device attached to the host device, regardless of the type of the data transmit/receive device, the interface device sends a signal to the host device via the first connecting device (12) which signals to the host device that it is communicating with an input/output device.

Abstract: Disclosed are various systems and methods for printing documents. In one embodiment, a printing system is provided that comprises a host and a local printer coupled thereto, the local printer having a portable device communications port with which to establish a communications link a portable device. The local printer includes means for relaying a non-rendered document received via the portable device communications port to the host for rendering. The host includes means in the host for orchestrating a rendering of the non-rendered document into a rendered document with a printer format compatible with the local printer, the non-rendered document being rendered using one of a number of applications in the host, and, means in the host for transmitting a rendered document to the local printer to be printed.

Abstract: A communication adapter includes a cable communication signal processing circuit which enables a PDA to have access to a communication network via a cable and a radio communication signal processing circuit which enables a PDA to have access to a communication network via radio waves. The cable communication signal processing circuit and the radio communication signal processing circuit are provided in a single case or on a single board. The cable communication signal processing circuit and the radio communication signal processing circuit operate simultaneously. By attaching the communication adapter to a PDA, the PDA can have access to the communication network via the cable and to make an access to the communication network via the radio waves. Further, the PDA is capable of communicating with the network via the cable and via the radio waves simultaneously.

Abstract: A method and an application installed in a computer system for controlling a plurality of scanners connected to the computer system being capable of feeding documents automatically. The scanners being parallel-connected to the computer system via an interface selecting from a group consisting of IEEE 1394, USB, and SCSI interfaces. The application comprises a scan code for controlling the scanners parallelly and a plurality of image files generated by the scanners scanning documents that can be transferred to the computer system, and a sort code for sorting the images files.

Abstract: A system and method to facilitate communication between an associated bus, such as employs a standard bus protocol, and a connector to which a removable SFF device can be attached. A desired operating mode is selected based on the device attached at the connector, such as either to pass the protocol between the bus and device generally unchanged or to implement suitable protocol conversion for such communication. Thus, by configuring the SFF device to appear as device currently supported by the bus, the SFF device can operate at the connector with native operating system support.

Abstract: A hearing aid programming system with a host computer system including a program for programming a hearing aid. The host computer system includes a first communication interface for sending and receiving control and data signals. A hearing aid programming interface device is connected to the communication interface of the host computer system and includes a second communication interface for sending and receiving control and data signals. The hearing aid programming interface device also includes circuitry for electrically isolating the hearing aid to be programmed from the host computer. The first communication interface may be PCMCIA, USB, RS-232, SCSI or IEEE 1394 interfaces, which are arranged to send and receive serial data and control signals to the hearing aid programming interface device. The first communication interface may also be a wireless communications interface which wirelessly sends and receives control and data signals with the hearing aid programming interface device.

Abstract: A method for verifying data in a storage system is disclosed. A host computer transmits area management data to a storage controller. The area management data specifies a range of a storage area in a storage device to be used by an application program having a mechanism for verifying data suitability. Upon receipt of an input/output request transmitted from the host computer, the storage controller performs verification, which is usually performed by the application program, of the data that is to be processed according to the data input/output request and to be input/output to/from the storage area, which is specified in accordance with the received area management data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for implementing an integrated video card and smart card reader. A single processor is used to perform both video and smart card reader functions. The processor simulates a PCI-to-PCMCIA detection logic scheme. An operating system, such as Windows, detects both a video card and a PCI-to-PCMCIA bridge. A smart card reader is attached to the integrated video card and smart card reader.

Abstract: A system interface includes a plurality of first directors, a plurality of second directors, a data transfer section and a message network. The data transfer section includes a cache memory. The cache memory is coupled to the plurality of first and second directors. The messaging network operates independently of the data transfer section and such network is coupled to the plurality of first directors and the plurality of second directors. The first and second directors control data transfer between the first directors and the second directors in response to messages passing between the first directors and the second directors through the messaging network to facilitate data transfer between first directors and the second directors. The data passes through the cache memory in the data transfer section. A method for operating a data storage system adapted to transfer data between a host computer/server and a bank of disk drives.

Abstract: Within one embodiment of the present invention, arbitration software operating on a computer is able to determine whether communication software utilizes the same serial communication (COM) port of the computer as a HotSync Manager. If they do use the same serial COM port, the present embodiment arbitration software shuts down the HotSync Manager, if its running, thereby enabling the serial COM port to be utilized for other purposes (e.g., wireless modem communication). However, if the present embodiment arbitration software detects a HotSync Request received via the serial COM port, it runs the HotSync Manager enabling a HotSync process to occur between (for example) a personal digital assistant (PDA) and the computer. Once the present embodiment arbitration software detects the completion of the HotSync process, it shuts down the HotSync Manager until it detects the next HotSync Request.

Abstract: The parallel or printer port in a personal computer can receive data from the memory under the control of the direct memory access (DMA) controller, releasing processor resources. The processor enables the parallel port, which then indicates to the DMA controller the desire to transfer data. A state machine in the parallel port, along with the associated circuitry, responds to the transfer of the data to the parallel port and then controls the transfer of the data to the attached device, usually a printer. The state machine causes an interrupt to the processor when the transfer is complete or on receipt of errors from the external device. The state machine also communicates with the DMA controller to repeat the transfer process until the transfer is complete or an error occurs. Various DMA channels and parallel port locations can be used. Direct transfers by the processor are blocked during DMA controller handled transfers.

Abstract: An interface switching device is connected to a keyboard unit and a computer. Two data lines, a power-supply line, and a ground line, which are provided at the interface switching device, are respectively connected to a data line, a clock line, a power-supply line, and a ground line, which are provided at the keyboard unit. An unused line is connected to an identification line. At the computer, the unused line, and the power-supply line or the ground line, are short-circuited. When the interface switching device is connected, a keyboard is notified of a voltage as identification information which is fixed at a power-supply voltage or zero volts.

Abstract: A method for dynamically selecting a physical layer. When different physical layers are required to be selected to meet different transmission speeds, the method of the invention can dynamically select a physical layer without rebooting a computer. An interrupt service routine periodically checks for a different medium to be connected to a different physical layer. If it is detected, the physical layer is activated and the status of the medium is thus set.

Abstract: An intelligent apparatus comprises a master module and a plurality of slave modules each having a CPU, a control circuit and an associated software, wherein each of the slave modules is in communication with the master module, and the CPU of the master module may control the CPUs of the slave modules respectively to form a single system. When the master module detects that a monitoring device coupled to a single user I/O interface installed in the apparatus is performing network monitoring and management with respect to a certain module, the CPU of the master module may transfer an access right of the user I/O interface to the certain module by closing or opening switches installed in the master modules enabling the certain module to receive the access signal from the user I/O interface by closing a switch thereof.

Abstract: A peripheral device comprising a computer readable media and an interface circuit. The computer readable media may be configured to store instructions for operating the peripheral device. The interface circuit may be configured to communicate the instructions to an operating system of a computer in response to connection of the peripheral device to the computer.

Abstract: The present invention is primarily directed to rail car communication system and in particular communication system used to transfer data and voice communications from one car to another. The present invention has particular applicability for use in subway cars. A communication system using an E1 protocol is provided with an interface device which translates data received from a hardware device having, inter alia, a microprocessor and a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (UART) used for serial communications such as COM 1-4. The asynchronous UART data is interfaced with the E1 channel. UART data transfers are usually done on a byte (8 bits) by byte basis but the present invention uses E1 timing and bit by bit communications. Additionally, data is normally sent at the data rate of the E1 channel not some other unrelated speed such as those used by a UART during serial communications. Also, the data is usually sent synchronously, like the E1 channel, not asynchronously, as with a UART.

Abstract: An invention is disclosed that maps a Fibre Channel address to a Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) address. A data port is detected on a computer network system and a port target identifier is assigned to the detected data port. Next, a device coupled to the data port is detected and a logical unit identifier is assigned to the detected device. In addition, an Arbitrated Loop Physical Address (AL_PA) is obtained for the device. Further, an address database is constructed that includes a device entry for the detected device. The device entry includes the port target identifier and the logical unit identifier that were assigned to the data port and device. In addition, the device entry associates the AL_PA to the port target identifier and the logical unit identifier of the device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for locating and using a peripheral device. The system is arranged such that a user can wirelessly transmit an initial communication with a computing device, await an audible signal from a peripheral device identifying its location, and wirelessly transmit data to the peripheral device with the computing device. By way of example, the computing device can comprise a portable computing device such as a personal digital assistant (PDA).

Abstract: A single host adapter hardware I/O control block contains information used to specify a transfer of data from a first target device to a host system and in addition information that specifies whether the data is mirrored, and if so, identifies a second target device on which the data is to be read. After transferring the single hardware I/O control block to the host adapter integrated circuit, the host adapter integrated circuit determines whether the hardware I/O control block specifies a mirrored transaction. If a mirrored transaction is specified, the host adapter integrated circuit generates a second hardware I/O control block for the second target device using the information in the first hardware I/O control block. When the execution of both hardware I/O control blocks is complete, the host adapter integrated circuit provides a single completion notification to the host system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a Universal Serial Bus (USB) with two wireless communication hubs (USB hubs). One of these hubs is connected to a first host computer, and both USB hubs are connected to a plurality of I/O devices. Each USB hub includes a wireless adapter and an antenna connected to the wireless adapter. The wireless adapter of each USB hub comprises a transmitting/receiving unit for transmitting data via the antenna to the wireless adapter of the other USB hub or receiving data via the antenna from the wireless adapter of the other USB hub. The wireless adapter also comprises a wireless dual port, which is automatically configured upstream or downstream when the first host computer is connected to one of the USB hubs.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detection method used in a memory card adaptor and, more particularly, to a detection method used in an adaptor capable of inserting various kinds of memory cards. The present invention comprises mainly the steps of: a control device on an adaptor issuing an identification command to detect a memory card responsive to the identification command, and the control device issuing again a reset command to detect a reset-type memory card if there is no corresponding response; the control device continually awaiting a response signal if there is still no corresponding response; the control device entering a read/write mode corresponding to the memory card if a corresponding response is obtained after issuing the command; and the control device awaiting a read/write command of said master device. The present invention can effectively enhance detection and identification efficiency without the need of adding a hardware switching device.

Abstract: A computer system for multi-processing purposes. The computer system has a console comprising a first coupling site and a second coupling site. Each coupling site comprises a connector. The console is an enclosure that is capable of housing each coupling site. The system also has a plurality of computer modules, where each of the computer modules is coupled to a connector. Each of the computer modules has a processing unit, a main memory coupled to the processing unit, a graphics controller coupled to the processing unit, and a mass storage device coupled to the processing unit. Each of the computer modules is substantially similar in design to each other to provide independent processing of each of the computer modules in the computer system.

Abstract: An interface system includes a host interface and a device interface. Both interfaces are provided between a DVD drive and a MPEG2 decoder, which have an ATAPI protocol interface. When the host interface receives ATAPI protocol data from the MPEG2 decoder, it converts the ATAPI protocol data to high speed LAN protocol data, and transmits the converted data to the device interface. When the device interface receives converted data, it converts them to the ATAPI protocol data, and transmits the ATAPI protocol data to the DVD drive.

Abstract: A bus emulation apparatus includes serial transfer paths, serial interface circuits having a parallel to serial conversion circuit for converting parallel data from a peripheral circuit to serial data and supplying to a serial transfer path and a serial to parallel conversion circuit for converting serial data from a hub circuit to parallel data and supplying to a peripheral circuit, a hub circuit for supplying serial data from a serial interface circuit to a serial interface circuit connected to a peripheral circuit as a transfer destination of said parallel data among the serial interface circuits, and a network for connecting them, and installed on an LSI or a print circuit board to replaced a parallel bus.

Abstract: A single host adapter hardware I/O control block contains information used to specify a transfer of data from a host system to a first target device and in addition information that specifies whether the data is to be mirrored, and if so, optionally identifies a second target device on which the data is to be mirrored. After transferring the single hardware I/O control block to the host adapter integrated circuit, the host adapter integrated circuit determines whether the hardware I/O control block specifies a mirrored transaction. If a mirrored transaction is specified, the host adapter integrated circuit generates a second hardware I/O control block for the second target device using the information in the first hardware I/O control block. When the execution of both hardware I/O control blocks is complete, the host adapter integrated circuit provides a single completion notification to the host system.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is disclosed for providing a user with task-specific information that includes a portable instruction system that may be worn by a user, and includes, a computer sufficiently lightweight and designed to be worn by a user to which a memory has been connected. The system includes a display device that can receive display signals from the computer for visual display to the user and an input device by which the user enters commands to the computer. An instructional program is provided that the computer accesses and stores in memory in response to a user command and displays information concerning a task to be performed by the user on the display device in response to commands from the user.

Abstract: A system and method are provided in a media access controller and in a physical layer device for communicating between the media access controller to a number of physical layer devices. In one embodiment, the system in the media access controller comprises a common bus port for electrical coupling to a common bus that is electrically coupled to the physical layer devices, the common bus port including a parallel data port and an enable port. The system also includes a logical circuit to transmit a data block to a respective one of the physical layer devices via the parallel data port. The logical circuit specifically proceeds the transmission of the data block with the transmission of an address block that indicates the particular physical layer device to which the data block is to be transmitted. In addition, the system in each of the physical layer devices facilitates receiving data from the media access controller.

Abstract: A user configurable, modular port expansion system allows the user of a host system such as a USB-enabled personal computer to customize a desired configuration of one or more peripheral device modules without the use of cables between modules. The peripheral device modules are physically and electrically connectable to each other side-by-side between a hub end module and a power end module in any sequence so that there can be provided, within the limits of the host port specification, virtually any number of selected, expanded functions in any combination. The peripheral device modules may include, by way of example, a standard parallel DB-25 port module, a two-port serial PS/2 module, a two-port serial DB-9 module, a four- or seven-port USB hub, an RJ-11 Ethernet LAN module, and an RJ-11 modem module.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and methodology that allows a host computer to control a data storage device that is remotely located relative to the host computer utilizing the same software that is used to control data storage devices that are locally or directly connected to the host computer. In one embodiment, a host computer is provided that includes a virtual adapter that is capable of converting unencoded SCSI command related information from an operating system into encoded SCSI command related information that is capable of being transmitted over a network to a remotely located SCSI data storage device, i.e., a SCSI data storage device that is separated from the host computer by more than the distance set forth in the SCSI specification. The virtual adapter is also capable of decoding encoded SCSI command related information received from a remotely located SCSI data storage device into unencoded SCSI command related information that is suitable for processing by the operating system.

Abstract: The configuration bus interconnection protocol provides the configuration interfaces to the memory-mapped registers throughout the digital signal processor chip. The configuration bus is a parallel set of communications protocols, but for control of peripherals rather than for data transfer. While the expanded direct memory access processor is heavily optimized for maximizing data transfers, the configuration bus protocol is made to be as simple as possible for ease of implementation and portability.

Abstract: A communication system for the wireless transmission of information through a single antenna is disclosed. The communication system comprises a handset and one or more modules capable of being coupled to the handset. The handset processes baseband information signals being received and transmitted, and transmits and receives radio frequency (RF) information signals through its antenna. Each module is removably couplable to the handset for converting baseband information signals into RF information signals for transmission, and for converting received RF information signals into baseband information signals. Each removably couplable module is optimized to enable wireless communication in accordance with at least one communication standard when coupled to the handset. By coupling the appropriate module with the handset, wireless communication in a number of geographic locations may be achieved.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ATAPI command receiving method in which the CPU 72 can quickly correspond to other processings without expending much time for capturing data, as well as it can be prevented that data which are being captured by the CPU should be destroyed. In this ATAPI command receiving method, when an ATAPI protocol control LSI 71 comprising a shared register storage area 711 (including a data FIFO 7112 for containing command packets) for receiving a command from the host computer via an ATA bus 2, and a buffer memory 712 which can be used as a RAM of a CPU 72 receives a command, shared register values (including a command packet value) are stored at a storage destination address in the buffer memory 712 which is designated by the CPU 72, when the data storage permission is given by the CPU 72.

Abstract: A PC adapter card system is disclosed. The system includes a connector set and a base unit. The connector set has a plurality of connection ports. The connector set sends/receives data to/from network resources through a communication device. The connector set is adapted to convert the data into a compatible format, such that the connection ports are compatible for connection with the communication device of a particular locality. The base unit interfaces data between the connector set and a computer. The base unit sends/receives data from said connector set in a standard format by selecting a compatible connector set for the particular locality.

Abstract: A microchip card enables a user to access at least one chosen application on a particular server by means of any communication terminal using at least one mode of communication and fitted with a reader compatible with the microchip card. The card includes memory for storing sets of parameters specific to the mode(s) of communication used by the terminal and to the chosen application(s) and a system which can recognize the mode(s) of communication the terminal in which it is inserted can use. A selector system connected to the memory and to the recognition system selects a set of parameters corresponding to a recognized mode of communication of the terminal and to the chosen application. The selected parameter set is delivered to the terminal to enable access to the chosen application from that terminal.

Abstract: A system and method that enhances overall computer system performance by implementing a secondary bus infrastructure to avoid data phase transaction latencies during primary bus information transfers. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the system includes a first bus, coupled to a host adapter and a plurality of media adapters, and a second bus, coupled to the host adapter and a select number of media adapters. The host adapter includes a host first bus controller, coupled to the first bus, and a host second bus controller, coupled to the second bus. Each of the media adapters contain a media first bus controller, coupled to the first bus, and a select number of media adapters contain a media second bus controller, coupled to the second bus.

Abstract: A computer user interface and method for its operation are disclosed. The interface uses a new architecture that allows it to adapt readily to the type of input device being used to operate the computer. The look and feel of the interface depends on which input device is selected as primary. Thus, when mouse/keyboard is the primary input device, the interface-controllable elements such as scrollbars, buttons, icons, menus, lists, and dialog boxes may appear as with a conventional GUI. When a different physical input device is primary, such as pen or speech recognition, the look and feel of these elements can change to be more appropriate for that device. This change is virtually transparent to the applications utilizing the user interface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for implementing multiple V-chip settings for a display device. The method comprises several steps, including a first step of receiving a first V-chip setting as input by a user via a graphical user interface. The first V-chip setting is then stored into a first portion of memory. Next, a second V-chip setting is received as input by a user via a graphical user interface. First and second V-chip settings include a maximum allowable TV rating, moving rating, and content rating, as well as other viewer information. The second V-chip setting is stored into a second portion of memory. First and second portions of memory are each separately removable by a user. A desired one of the multiple V-chip settings is selected by a viewer via a graphical user interface and then enabled. The V-chip setting is password protected to provide access security to specific viewers. Finally, media is provided to a display device according to the enabled V-chip setting.

Abstract: The present invention has an object of determining the type of a recording medium before it is attached and electrically connected to a device to access data in recording media respectively having different shapes, so that information necessary to access the recording medium to be attached can be prepared in advance.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting the identification of the type of card that is installed in an input/output interface for interconnecting first and second electronic devices, such as a peripheral device and a peripheral control device is disclosed. The cards may be smart or peripheral dependent cards which have different functionality and configuration. Upon start-up, the peripheral device generates a reset signal which causes the card to generate a digital identification that is received by the peripheral device. If the identification indicates that it is a type of card that the peripheral device supports, then the peripheral device operates in the manner specified for that type of card.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for using a universal serial bus “USB” in a computer as a power source for a portable electronic device. In one embodiment of the invention, a computer (26) having an external USB connector (38) is coupled to the external power input connector on a portable electronic device, such as a cellular telephone (14). The computer (26) is coupled to the cellular telephone (14) via a cable having one end connected to a first connector and another end connected to a second connector, the first connector being connected to the USB connector (38) on said computer (26), and the second connector being connected to external power input connector on the portable electronic device. The cable includes electronic circuitry (42, 62) for converting the voltage level supplied by the USB to a voltage level usable by the portable electronic device.

Abstract: A controller for use in an optical storage device is provided. The controller includes a block decoder/encoder for processing data to and from a media of the optical storage device. An ATAPI interface is also provided and is configured to process data and control signals for selectively communicating data to and from the optical storage device during operation in an ATAPI mode. Universal serial bus (USB) logic is configured to process data and control signals for selectively communicating data to and from the optical storage device during operation in a USB mode. The USB logic is configured to utilize data transfer control logic implemented by the ATAPI interface. Accordingly, the one controller can be integrated into either an external peripheral device that communicates over a USB connection in the USB mode, or into an internal peripheral device that communicates over an IDE connection in the ATAPI mode.

Abstract: A system for transmitting electrical signals between a computer and peripherals along a twisted pair cable. The system includes a computer interface, a peripheral interface and a twisted pair cable in communication between the computer interface and the peripheral interface. Video and audio signals from the computer are transmitted via the twisted pair cable to the peripherals. Peripheral signals can also be communicated between the computer and peripherals via the twisted pair cable.

Abstract: A computer network includes at least one host computer, at least one peripheral device, and a microprocessorless network adapter interconnecting the at least one host computer and the at least one peripheral device.

Abstract: A system and method for manipulating the private settings of a peripheral device where the system includes at least one host computer and a peripheral device in a communication interface. The peripheral device has a data store including setting data for public settings of a peripheral device and private settings of the peripheral device that are implicated in the public settings, and has a variable manager that is in communication with the data store of the peripheral device. The host computer transmits a data packet including one or more public settings for of the peripheral device across the communication interface and the variable manager receives the data packet and retrieves the setting data from the data store in response to receipt of the data to packet. The variable manager processes the data packet and manipulates one or more of the private settings of the peripheral device.

Abstract: In a data memory (2) which is arranged in a vehicle, an interface (6), which is equipped with a plug connection (5), is used to connect a receiver unit (1). The individual software modules which, depending on the design, are necessary for decoding the signals of the receiver unit (1) may be called up by means of a memory unit (7) for the data memory (2). The memory unit (7) is arranged at the interface (6). A precautionary storage of all the relevant software modules in the data memory (2), and the associated laborious manual configuration can thus be eliminated and incorrect assignment of the software module to the existing receiver unit (1) may be avoided. At the same time, new developments in the field of software modules may be incorporated into already existing data storage systems without difficulty.

Abstract: It is provided a data storage device which reads data from and/or writes data to a memory medium, comprising: a storage unit for storing a first identifier; an identifier acquisition unit for acquiring a second identifier recorded on a memory medium which is set to said data storage device; and a controller for comparing said first identifier with said second identifier, and controlling to access to said memory medium for data reading and/or writing according to a relationship between said first identifier and said second identifier. For example, when the first identifier does not match the second identifier, the controller inhibits access to the memory medium for the reading and writing of data. But when the first and the second identifiers match, the controller permits access to the memory medium for the reading and writing of data.