Abstract: A computer system and process extract information from a literary work regarding relationships between entities (e.g., characters, locations, etc.) described or represented in the literary work, and generate a graph representing these relationships. The graph data is parsed into sub-graphs, and the subgraphs are used to generate a signature of the literary work. The respective signatures of different literary works may be compared for purposes of generating literary work recommendations for users.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: detecting user activation input provided to a voice input button displayed on a display screen of an information handling device, wherein the user activation input triggers a voice input mode; expanding, responsive to the detecting, a voice input menu, wherein the voice input menu comprises at least two content input options; identifying a selection of one of the at least two content input options; receiving, after the identifying, voice input; converting the voice input into another input type, wherein the another input type is designated by the selection; and providing, based on the converting, input associated with the another input type into an underlying application. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: Systems and processes for unified language modeling are provided. In accordance with one example, a method includes, at an electronic device with one or more processors and memory, receiving a character of a sequence of characters and determining a current character context based on the received character of the sequence of characters and a previous character context. The method further includes determining a current word representation based on the current character context and determining a current word context based on the current word representation and a previous word context. The method further includes determining a next word representation based on the current word context and providing the next word representation.

Abstract: Provided is a keyboard for typing Chinese character, which includes a first base unit key group including subgroups of base unit keys having similar shapes to each other, a second base unit key group including base unit keys having symmetrical shapes with each other, and a third base unit key group including subgroups of base unit keys which are different from the base unit keys included in the first base unit key group and having similar shapes to each other.

Abstract: A voice-controlled question answering system that uses both a knowledge base and a detailed index of other sources that may be accessible over the Internet. The knowledge base is used to answer questions of more general interest whose answers are contained in the knowledge base. The index is used to answer more complex questions that are not answerable using the knowledge base. Web and other sources are analyzed to create the index, where text segments are indexed along with data describing the text segments in a quasi-semantic way. Quasi-semantic features are extracted from incoming spoken questions and used, along with machine learning trained models, to identify an indexed text segment that includes the answer to the question. The text segment may then be rearranged or simply passed to a speech synthesizer so the answer may be spoken aloud to a user.

Abstract: An input method and an electronic device are provided. The input method includes: detecting a presence of a first track set which corresponds to a first predetermined identifier, wherein the first track set comprises at least one track and is inputted into the electronic device; and if the first track set corresponds to the first predetermined identifier, associating a second track set with at least one second predetermined character that is related to the first predetermined identifier, wherein the second track set comprises at least one second track and is inputted into the electronic device after the first track set has been inputted. Recognition ability of the electronic device for the character is improved, and the input efficiency is increased.

Abstract: A system and method for graphically encoding text. A textual data set comprising a plurality of encoded text characters that corresponding to at least one text character to be visually rendered is received. Based on the textual data set, a drawing instruction set is determined that has a respective drawing instruction to draw at least part of a glyph of each of the encoded text characters. Each at least one drawing instruction excludes an indication of a correspondence with an associated text character code, and each respective at least one drawing instruction for a specified text character excludes instructions to repeat other drawing instructions for other instances of the specified text character.

Abstract: In one example, a method includes detecting, by a computing device, at least one user contact with a presence-sensitive screen of the computing device to input one or more characters of an input string. The method also includes detecting, by the computing device, a subsequent user contact with the presence-sensitive screen. The method also includes detecting, by the computing device, a gesture at a region of the presence-sensitive screen that is associated with a terminator symbol while the subsequent user contact is maintained with the presence-sensitive screen. The method also includes adding, by the computing device, the terminator symbol to the input string when the gesture comprises a virtual key press gesture. The method also includes replacing, by the computing device, the input string with a predicted completed string for the input string when the gesture comprises a prediction completion gesture.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing device including an acquisition section configured to acquire an operation vector based on a movement of a body part of a user, a correction section configured to correct a direction of the acquired operation vector, and a process execution section configured to execute a process in accordance with the corrected operation vector.

Abstract: Provided are techniques for detecting a mapping, by a universal convertor, of a first character set to a second character set and of the second character set to a third character set; monitoring, logging, and analyzing code set conversion (CSC) operations; generating an updated character set conversion module from the first character set to the third character set in response to the detecting and a determination that the CSC operation exceed the predefined threshold; and storing the updated character set conversion module for utilization of subsequent processing of the first character set to the third character set.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an information search apparatus includes a generation unit, a selection unit, a search unit and a display unit. The generation unit generates recognition candidate character strings based on shapes of strokes and combinations of the shapes. The selection unit calculates reliability values for the recognition candidate character strings and selects search keys from the recognition candidate character strings. The search unit searches a database for second character strings including the search keys, and obtains one or more result character strings indicating search results of each of the search keys. The display displays the one or more result character strings corresponding to each of the search keys distinctively.

Abstract: An extensible reading system is described that provides a method of extending the readings supported by an IME application without updating the entire application. The extensible reading system separates the IME reading dictionary from the IME application, so that the user can update or supplement the dictionary with new readings without modifying the IME application. The extensible reading system receives custom readings from a user that include a sequence of keyboard characters and a selection of a language character that is to be inserted into a document when a user inputs the sequence of keyboard characters. Thus, the extensible reading system allows the user to update the readings for mapping keyboard characters to language characters much more frequently.

Abstract: A computer-implemented user interface method is disclosed. The method includes displaying on a touchscreen of a computing device a first sub-portion of a list of items, receiving from a user of the device an drawn input on the touchscreen, correlating the drawn input to an alphanumeric character, and automatically displaying a second sub-portion of the list having one or more entries whose first character correlates to the alphanumeric character.

Abstract: A system and computer-implemented method for transforming source code in an original natively encoded format to a locale neutral format, wherein data types and functions in the original format are estimated for compliance with the locale neutral format and an estimation is made as to the amount of code conversions necessary to comply with the locale neutral format. In addition, image files referenced by the source code is analyzed and embedded text extracted for enabling translation during the localization process.

Abstract: Integrated pinyin and stroke input may be provided. First, a first input may be received. Next, in response to the first input, an input mode may be determined. The input mode may comprise a pinyin input mode, a stroke order input mode, or a stroke number input mode. Once the input mode is determined, data may be received based on the determined input mode. Then the received data may be converted based upon the determined input mode.

Abstract: A system, method, and apparatus for annotating an electronic document independently of its content is provided. According to one variation, a tablet and stylus-based computer is programmed with a document browser that permits a user to annotate documents viewed through the browser. The annotations are stored separately from the viewed document pages but are correlated with the pages such that when a previously annotated page is revisited, annotations relating to that page are retrieved and displayed on top of the page as an “ink” layer. Three different annotation modes are possible: ink, highlight, and erase. Each mode can be selected through a user interface supplied through the browser or through controls embedded in a document.

Abstract: A computer system can include a processor with access to a computer-readable medium embodying program components and/or instructions to provide a text placement engine. The text placement engine can use one or more software routines or algorithms to position text on a path. For example the text placement engine may access text data to be placed on the path and path definition data defining the path as a line segment extending between a first and a second end of the path. The text data can specify the text as a plurality of glyphs. For example, each letter, space, punctuation symbol, or other unit of a string may correspond to a glyph.

Abstract: In a system and method for controlling a virtual keyboard of an electronic device, the virtual keyboard is generated and displayed on a touch screen of the electronic device. The method sets an angle threshold value, a movement amplitude and a movement direction of the virtual keyboard for each tilting angle of the electronic device. When the electronic device is in an edit mode and displays a middle keyboard area of the virtual keyboard, the method records an initial tilting angle and read the tilting angle of the electronic device. The method calibrates the read tilting angle to acquire actual tilting angle according to the initial tilting angle, and confirms the movement amplitude and movement direction of the virtual keyboard according to the actual tilting angle. The virtual keyboard is controlled to move according to the confirmed movement amplitude and towards the confirmed movement direction.

Abstract: An electronic pasting method for pasting electronic data in consideration of printed and written data, including updating pasted data when electronic data is updated after it is pasted. The electronic pasting method uses a detecting unit and a paste information updating unit. The detecting unit detects a paste stroke made over two print sheets filled to denote a user's pasting action with which part or whole of a printed matter of electronic document information is pasted on printed matter, then detects the pasting action from a set of paste strokes, thereby obtaining a paste-from document, a paste-to document, and a paste position according to the pasting action detected by the detecting unit. The paste information updating unit updates the e-document, the printed matter information, and the written information according to the above paste information.

Abstract: An automated speech processing method, system and computer program product are disclosed. In one embodiment, a speech-to-text (STT) engine is used for converting an audio input to text data in a source language, and a machine translation (MT) engine is used for translating this text data to text data in a target language. In this embodiment, the text data in the target language is rendered on a display device, and different visualization schemes are applied to different parts of the rendered text data based on defined characteristics of the STT engine and the MT engine. In one embodiment, the defined characteristics include a defined confidence value representing the accuracy of the rendered text. For example, this confidence value may be based on both the accuracy of the conversion of the audio input and the accuracy of the translation of the text data to the target language.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for locale and operating platform independent font selection. In an operating platform having an operating platform configuration and an associated locale, a locale and operating platform independent font selection method can include parsing a pre-established font properties file to identify whether a desired font referenced in the font properties file supports at least one of the operating platform configuration and the associated locale. Consequently, if it is indicated within the font properties file that the desired font supports either or both of the operating platform configuration and the associated locale, the desired font can be utilized in the operating platform.

Abstract: A method for facilitating texting in a non-Latin-based language includes storing mapping between a non-Latin-based language and a Latin-based language in a computer storage. The characters in the non-Latin-based language are mapped to a first group of characters in the Latin-based language. The diacritics in the non-Latin-based language are mapped to a second group of characters in the Latin-based language. The characters in the non-Latin-based language in a texting message are converted into in the coded text comprising characters in the Latin-based language according to the mapping. The texting message having the coded text is transmitted from a first communication device to a second communication device. The characters of the Latin-based language in the coded text are converted back into the characters in the non-Latin-based language according to the mapping to allow a user to read the text message in the non-Latin-based language on the second communication device.

Abstract: A method for grouping writing regions of digital ink receives processed digital ink that comprises writing regions. A relationship can be generated between a plurality of the writing regions. A feature set can be determined that is associated with the plurality of the writing regions. The plurality of the writing regions can be grouped based on the feature set.

Abstract: A shared language model may be provided. First, a first input may be received. Then, in response to the first input, an input mode may be determined comprising one of the following: a pinyin input mode, a stroke order input mode, and a stroke number input mode. Then, data may be received based on the determined input mode. The received data may be converted using the determined input mode and using a language model. The language model may be configured to be used with each of the following input modes: the pinyin input mode, the stroke order input mode, and the stroke number input mode.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for displaying bi-directional text using a browser program on a computer (20) coupled to drive a display (22) and having an operating system such that the computer normally writes text to the display in a default language in a first, default direction. The computer opens a window (44) on the display and receives a string of codes, each code corresponding to a character in a passage of text (54), at least a portion of which is in a non-default language that is written in a second direction, opposite to the default direction. The computer displays the characters 10 corresponding to the codes in the window such that the passage of text is displayed with all portions thereof arranged in respectively-appropriate directions, substantially without reference to language support provided by the operating system or browser.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention involves a method that includes: in a first area of the touch screen, displaying a current character string being input by a user with the keyboard; in a second area of the touch screen, displaying the current character string or a portion thereof and a suggested replacement for the current character string; replacing the current character string in the first area with the suggested replacement if the user activates a delimiter key on the keyboard; replacing the current character string in the first area with the suggested replacement if the user performs a first gesture on the suggested replacement displayed in the second area; and keeping the current character string in the first area if the user performs a second gesture on the current character string or the portion thereof displayed in the second area.

Abstract: A reduced keyboard system for text input comprising: a first keyboard having a first plurality of keys, the keys being adapted to be keystroked for input of a word; a virtual keyboard having a plurality of virtual keys, the plurality of virtual keys corresponding respectively to the first plurality of keys and wherein the virtual keyboard is adapted to generate a linear pattern from the keystroked keys of the first keyboard; and a dictionary database associated with the virtual keyboard, the dictionary database having a plurality of classes wherein each of the classes contains at least one candidate word having first and last letters corresponding to predetermined keys of the virtual keyboard, wherein the linear pattern and dictionary database are adapted to enable recognition and disambiguation of the inputted word.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for composing a message in an online textbox using a non-Latin script. In one example, the method includes receiving a selection of a target language for composing the message in the online textbox, loading a hash table and an integer n that are associated with the target language, adding to a queue a character inputted from a QWERTY keyboard, and applying appropriate parsing and mapping techniques to the queue using the hash table and the integer n to display an appropriate script of the target language.

Abstract: To enter Chinese text, a user enters the corresponding phonetic spelling via telephone style keypad. Some or all keys represent multiple phonetic letters. In disambiguating entered key presses to yield a valid phonetic spelling, a computer divides the key presses into segments, while still preserving key press order. Each segment must correspond to an entry in a dictionary of Chinese characters, character phrases, and/or character components such as radicals or other predetermined stroke groupings. Upon arrival of a new key press that cannot form a valid entry when appended to the current segment, key presses are incrementally reallocated from the previous segment. As for already-resolved segments occurring prior to the previous and current segments, these are left intact. After each shifting attempt, the computer reinterprets key presses of the last two segments, and accepts the new segmentation if the segments form valid dictionary entries.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention involves a method that includes: in a first area of the touch screen, displaying a current character string being input by a user with the keyboard; in a second area of the touch screen, displaying the current character string or a portion thereof and a suggested replacement for the current character string; replacing the current character string in the first area with the suggested replacement if the user activates a delimiter key on the keyboard; replacing the current character string in the first area with the suggested replacement if the user performs a first gesture on the suggested replacement displayed in the second area; and keeping the current character string in the first area if the user performs a second gesture on the current character string or the portion thereof displayed in the second area.

Abstract: A system, method and computer-readable medium that previews words and commands recognized by a continuous stroke recognizer based on input into a virtual keyboard layout is presented. The system and method allows a user to see the word that will be recognized or output before the user commits the continuous stroke input to the system. Further, after recognition and output, the system presents the recognized output word and the closest word candidates in a correction display integrated with the virtual keyboard layout. Among other things, the user is provided with options to change the current output word by selecting another word candidate on the correction display, and to delete the current output word by selecting the representation of the current output word on the correction display.

Abstract: The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art with a system for varying hand-drawn line width as a function of geometric or temporal properties such as curvature or time of the strokes as the user draws them. In one embodiment, the system of the present invention includes a stroke control module, a velocity adjustment module, a curvature adjustment module, a smoothing module, an adjacency verification module and a stroke dominance module. A stroke control module is operable on a processor to modify the width of input strokes and adjust them based on their curvature and/or the velocity at which they were received. The stroke control module cooperates with and controls the velocity adjustment module, a curvature adjustment module, the smoothing module and the other modules to provide overall width adjustment of strokes input by the user automatically to reflect the needs and intentions of the user and provide a natural-feeling drawing experience similar to that provided by paper.

Abstract: As either regular entry or as an assist to the user of existing computer text entry systems, the invention makes possible an alternative method of Chinese character entry by entering a Chinese character assumed by the user to be a rhyme of the character the user desires to enter. Entry methods for such rhyme alternative entry include phonetic and non-phonetic entry of Chinese characters, including keyboard stroke-category input, and handwritten entry using an electronic surface. The invention is not only helpful for entry of difficult Chinese characters but provides an approach to the use of supplementing input methods for most if not all written languages.

Abstract: This computer Chinese character input method mainly includes: Select 10 elements corresponding to the 10 simplified Chinese character strokes, which are and Select 46 elements corresponding to the 46 stroke combination sets, whose representative visual representations are: Assign the above 10 elements and 46 elements to keys on a computer keyboard; Determine desired characters based on the elements input by a user using the keyboard mentioned above or other apparatus.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus, including computer program products, that implement a method for determining a winding order for a glyph associated with a font. The glyph has an outline that has an outside path. In one aspect, a method includes identifying four extrema points of the outline, each being an intersection of two vectors obtained from the outline; and for each of the points, calculating a cross product of the two vectors intersecting at the point. A positive result indicates that the outside path is wound in a first direction, and a negative result indicates that the outside path is wound in an opposite, second direction. The winding order of the outside path is determined based on the cross products calculated. In a particular implementation, the method determines that the outside path is wound counter clockwise when three or four of the results are positive.

Abstract: An improved handheld electronic device and associated method enable the phonetic inputting of text using a reduced keyboard and transformation algorithm. The handheld electronic device and method advantageously enable the inputting of languages such as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and the like without limitation. The transformation algorithm subjects each of a number of linguistic element permutations to an algorithm such as the Maximum Matching Algorithm or other algorithm to generate a string of words and selects one string of words as a default textual output. The character interpretation and variations thereof are output in a lookup component along with a pin and variants thereof to enable the user to select among various character interpretations of an input as well as various alternative pins that correspond with the input.

Abstract: A smart memory computing system that uses smart memory for massive data storage as well as for massive parallel execution is disclosed. The data stored in the smart memory can be accessed just like the conventional main memory, but the smart memory also has many execution units to process data in situ. The smart memory computing system offers improved performance and reduced costs for those programs having massive data-level parallelism. This smart memory computing system is able to take advantage of data-level parallelism to improve execution speed by, for example, use of inventive aspects such as algorithm mapping, compiler techniques, architecture features, and specialized instruction sets.

Abstract: An improved handheld electronic device and associated method enable the phonetic inputting of text using a reduced keyboard and transformation algorithm. The handheld electronic device and method advantageously enable the inputting of languages such as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and the like without limitation. The transformation algorithm subjects each of a number of linguistic element permutations to an algorithm such as the Maximum Matching Algorithm or other algorithm to generate a string of words. The transformation algorithm then selects one string of words as a default textual output based on at least one of its minimal number of words and its relatively high attributed frequency value.

Abstract: A method and system for optimizing the horizontal spacing of superscripts and subscripts in open type font designs is disclosed. The system includes a module for vertically aligning and spacing characters and a module for horizontally aligning characters having differing baselines in accordance with cut-in information stored in font tables corresponding to each individual character in the font. This additional horizontal spacing adjustment capability provides for optimum placement of character glyphs having differing baselines, e.g., superscript or subscript. The method includes placing a first/next character on a baseline, retrieving a next adjacent character, determining whether a cut-in associated with one or both of the characters can be applied between the two characters, and then applying the appropriate cut-in. Ascertaining whether a cut-in may apply may be accomplished by evaluating relative positions of adjacent glyph bounding boxes.

Abstract: A note-taking application is provided which includes a free-form selection tool. In certain embodiments, a particular selection may be based in part on the speed or velocity of a user selection. The free-form selection tool is configured to provide more or less precise selections based in part on the speed of a selection. The free-form selection tool is further operable to recognize when a user is attempting to retry a selection.

Abstract: Techniques for generating a paper document that integrates notes written by a user and different types of captured or recorded information. A user can take written notes during an information communication event. While taking the notes, the user can identify, from information captured during the information communication event, information that is of interest to the user and that the user would like to integrate with or incorporate into the user's notes. A paper document is generated by printing a visual representation of the notes written by the user and the visual representations of portions of information that a user would like to integrate with the user's notes.

Abstract: A recognition tool according to various examples of the invention intelligently recognizes natural input before it is passed to a destination or target application. More particularly, the recognition tool according to various examples of the invention provides better formatting for text recognized from natural input, based upon the context in which the text is being inserted into a target application. The recognition tool also provides various tools for correcting inaccurately recognized text. The recognition tool may allow a user to select only a part of an inaccurate text, and then identify alternate text candidates based upon the selected portion of the inaccurate text. Further, when the user selects text containing multiple words for correction, the recognition tool provides cross combinations of alternate text candidates for the user's selection.