Abstract: The present disclosure is related to computing devices, systems, and methods for a new task-engine system that connects to a variety of task-interaction providers, enabling a user to use any one of multiple task-interaction providers to create and complete tasks within a workflow. That is, the connection to a variety of task-interaction providers allows a user to interact with the workflow through any of the task-interaction providers and create and/or complete any number of tasks in the workflow. The task-engine system may also update the creation and/or completion of a workflow task in all other task-interaction providers, such that all users may be aware of, or notified of, the current state of the workflow through any of the task-interaction providers.

Abstract: An example operation may include a system, comprising one or more of receiving a heartbeat message from a peer virtualization network function component interface (VFCNI) indicating a current operational state of active when a VNFCI is in an active state, sending a first heartbeat message to the peer VNFCI indicating a current operational state as active, sending a next state request with an active state and split-brain condition to a virtual network function manager (VNFM), starting a response timer, sending a second heartbeat message to the peer VNFCI indicating the current operational state as active and a desired operational state as active when one or more of: the VNFCI is not a preferred standby instance, the response timer expires, stopping the response timer when a next state response message is received, sending a third heartbeat message to the peer VNFCI indicating the current operational state as active and a desired operational state as active when and an active state is contained in the next stat

Abstract: Secure computing resource deployment within a computing environment is facilitated by receiving a request to deploy a computing resource in the computing environment, and obtaining a homomorphically-encrypted data set. The homomorphically-encrypted data set includes configuration-related data for a desired configuration of the computing resource to be deployed in the computing environment. The process further includes using the homomorphically-encrypted data set in configuring for deployment the computing resource, where the computing resource is configured for deployment with the desired configuration without decrypting the homomorphically-encrypted data set.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for intelligently optimizing the utilization of clusters. The system is configured to continuously gather real-time hardware telemetric data associated with one or more entity systems via a hardware telemetric device, continuously convert the real-time hardware telemetric data into a first color coded representation, receive one or more tasks associated with one or more entity applications, queue the one or more tasks associated with the one or more entity applications, determine hardware requirements associated with the one or more tasks, determine one or more attributes associated with the one or more tasks, convert the hardware requirements and the one or more attributes of the one or more tasks into a second color coded representation, and allocate the one or more tasks to the one or more entity systems based on the first color coded representation and the second color coded representation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described to enhance interactive engagement during simultaneous delivery of serial or digital content (e.g., audio, video) to a plurality of users. A machine-based awareness of the context of the content and/or one or more user reactions to the presentation of the content may be used as a basis to interrupt content delivery in order to intersperse a snippet that includes a virtual agent with an awareness of the context(s) of the content and/or the one or more user reactions. This “contextual virtual agent” (CVA) enacts actions and/or dialog based on the one or more machine-classified contexts coupled with identified interests and/or aspirations of individuals within the group of users. The CVA may also base its activities on a machine-based awareness of “future” content that has not yet been delivered to the group, but classified by natural language and/or computer vision processing.

Abstract: A method for dynamically allocating computing resources to virtual computing machines in a shared system. An initial allocation is made for each computing resource. Current demand for each computing resource for each of the virtual computing machines is determined to identify changes in current demand. The system identifies a virtual computing machine for which usage of a first computing resource is approaching a first predetermined threshold allotted to the first virtual computing machine. The system identifies a second virtual computing machine in the system for which usage of the first computing resource is less than a second predetermined threshold of the first computing resource allotted to the second virtual computing machine. The server dynamically allocates at least part of the first computing resource from the second virtual computing machine to the first virtual computing machine to meet current demand for the first computing resource in the first virtual computing machine.

Abstract: There is provided a method for debugging errors in a shared memory. The method comprises executing instrumented machine code of a plurality of processes to generate a recorded execution of each of the plurality of processes for deterministic replay of the recorded execution. The method further comprises logging accesses to the shared memory by each of the plurality of processes in a shared memory log for debugging errors in the shared memory by analysing the recorded executions and the shared memory log. The shared memory log is accessible by each of the plurality of processes.

Abstract: A method for managing storage devices includes obtaining a storage device cluster request, and in response to the storage device cluster request: obtaining a set of storage device telemetry entries associated with a plurality of storage devices, performing a telemetry normalization on the storage device telemetry entries to obtain a set of normalized entries, performing a pairwise evaluation on the set of normalized entries to obtain a set of initial storage device clusters, wherein a storage device cluster in the set of initial storage device clusters comprises a portion of the plurality of storage devices, performing a cluster re-evaluation on the set of initial storage device cluster groups to obtain a set of updated storage device clusters, updating a backup policy based on the set of updated storage device cluster groups, and performing a backup operation on a storage device based on the backup policy.

Abstract: A system may involve a communication bus and computational instances configured for communication with one another by way of the communication bus. The system is configured to: (i) receive, by a first computational instance, a first communication request, wherein the first communication request specifies first attributes; (ii) store, in a first persistent storage, the first attributes; (iii) generate a second communication request that specifies second attributes; (iv) transmit, by the first computational instance and to a second computational instance by way of the communication bus, the second communication request; (v) receive, by the second computational instance, the second communication request; (vi) store, in a second persistent storage, the second attributes; (vii) generate a third communication request that specifies third attributes; and (viii) transmit, by the second computational instance and to a third computational instance by way of the communication bus, the third communication request.

Abstract: Implementations include actions of receiving, by an intelligent quality assurance (iQA) platform, a desired state (DS) file including data indicative of a desired state of a cloud computing environment, triggering, by the iQA platform, an auto-discovery process to provide an actual state of the cloud computing environment based on cloud resources instantiated within the cloud environment, and application resources executing within the cloud environment, the auto-discovery process including retrieving first credentials to enable automated access to the cloud computing environment, determining, by the iQA platform, a delta between the actual state, and the desired state, and providing, by the iQA platform, a report including the delta.

Abstract: Techniques for an optimization service of a service provider network to help optimize the selection, configuration, and utilization, of virtual machine (VM) instance types to support workloads on behalf of users. The optimization service may implement the techniques described herein at various stages in a life cycle of a workload to help optimize the performance of the workload, and reduce underutilization of computing resources. For example, the optimization service may perform techniques to help new users select an optimized VM instance type on which to initially launch their workload. Further, the optimization service may monitor a workload for the life of the workload, and determine new VM instance types, and/or configuration modifications, that optimize the performance of the workload. The optimization service may provide recommendations to users that help improve performance of their workloads, and that also increase the aggregate utilization of computing resources of the service provider network.

Abstract: A method and system for automated medical records processing with telemedicine is presented. The method and system includes plural electronic medical templates specifically designed such that they reduce the complexity and risk associated with collecting virtual patient encounter information, creating a medical diagnosis, tracking the patient through the medical processes during a telemedicine session and generate the appropriate number and type medical codes for a specific type of medical practice when processed. The medical codes and other types of processed virtual patient encounter information are displayed in real-time on electronic medical records and invoices immediately after a virtual patient encounter from a telemedicine visit.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and computer system for detecting, by a computing device, a desired configuration of a virtual machine (VM) for a plurality of devices. It may be detected that a current state of the plurality of devices does not match the desired configuration of the VM for the plurality of devices, wherein the current state of the plurality of devices may identify that at least one device of the plurality of devices is not present. The desired configuration of the VM may be modified to exclude the at least one device of the plurality of devices that is not present.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, detecting a request for a network service between two network nodes and identifying a network path between the two network nodes, wherein the network path is realized by equipment performing a number of network functions. A first network function of the number of network functions is associated with a first number of redundant virtualized network resources performing at least a similar network function as the first network function. Usage metrics are determined corresponding to the first number of redundant virtualized network resources and a first virtualized network resource of the first number of redundant virtualized network resources is assigned to the network path based on the usage metrics to obtain a first assigned virtualized network resource. The network service is provided between the two network nodes using the first assigned virtualized network resource. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Techniques for cloning a computing environment while modifying components of the computing environment are disclosed. A cloning request specifies a modification to a source environment. A cloning engine determines one or more additional non-requested modifications to be made in a destination environment necessitated by the requested modification. A modified destination specification is generated including the requested modification and the one or more additional non-requested modifications. A destination stack is generated, and the destination environment is provisioned according to the destination stack.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the predicted location of a user within an institutional space is associated with a node at or near that location, and a virtual desktop is prepared before a user has actually logged on and authenticated. Although users are not accorded access to applications and sensitive data until they have properly authenticated themselves, the virtual desktop and associated data are assembled and retrieved in the background in order to eliminate delay following log-on.

Abstract: A processing device, operatively coupled with a memory component, is configured to provide a plurality of virtual memory controllers and to provide a plurality of physical functions, wherein each of the plurality of physical functions corresponds to a different one of the plurality of virtual memory controllers. The processing device further presents the plurality of physical functions to a host computing system over a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) interface, wherein each of the plurality of physical functions corresponds to a different virtual machine running on the host computing system, and manages input/output (IO) operations received from the host computing systems and directed to the plurality of physical functions, as well as background operations performed on the memory component, in view of class of service parameters associated with the plurality of physical functions.

Abstract: A resource utilization level and a data size may be determined for each organization within a computing pod located within an on-demand computing services organization configured to provide computing services. One of the organizations may be selected for migration away from the computing pod based on the resource utilization levels and the data sizes. The designated organization may have a respective resource utilization level that is high in relation to its respective data size.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for flexible maintenance windows for performing maintenance for instances. Using techniques described herein, a user of a service provider network may specify configuration data that relates to maintenance events of instances. A “maintenance event” is any event that relates to deploying instances and/or at least temporarily losing use of an instance. For example, a maintenance event may cause an instance to be deployed, re-booted, re-started, or replaced. According to some configurations, customers may specify one or more maintenance event windows for when maintenance is to be performed, as well as customize notifications that are provided to the customer about scheduled maintenance events. For instance, customers may create a maintenance window that specifies to perform maintenance on Tuesdays, between 2 AM-3 AM, and that notifications are to include information specified by the customer (e.g., through one or more tags).

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for adjusting a number of concurrent code executions allowed to be performed for a given user on an on-demand code execution environment or other distributed code execution environments. Such environments utilize pre-initialized virtual machine instances to enable execution of user-specified code in a rapid manner, without delays typically caused by initialization of the virtual machine instances. However, to improve utilization of computing resources, such environments may temporarily restrict the number of concurrent code executions performed on behalf of the given user to a number less than the maximum number of concurrent code executions allowed for the given user. Such environments may adjust the temporary restriction on the number of concurrent code executions based on the number of incoming code execution requests associated with the given user.

Abstract: A state of resource allocation is represented as a matrix. Each intersection of a row and column of the matrix indicates a number of units of a resource being provided by a respective node and consumed by a respective client. The allocation is modeled using a characteristic equation of the matrix. The characteristic equation is applied to the matrix to find an eigenvalue indicating a degree of scale the allocation can tolerate. An eigenvector is found for the eigenvalue to determine a direction of scale. A prediction is made as to whether the current state can scale at least one of upwards or downwards by the eigenvector.

Abstract: Methods and systems for performing operations comprising: accessing one or more data objects including a data set that has been collected over a given span of time, the data set representing a plurality of parameters corresponding to resource utilization of a given server; computing first and second statistical measures based on the plurality of parameters; obtaining current resource utilization corresponding to at least a subset of the plurality of parameters; determining a first condition in which values of the current resource utilization exceed a first threshold associated with the first statistical measure; determining a second condition in which values of the data set corresponding to a time period associated with the current resource utilization exceed a second threshold associated with the second statistical measure; and triggering an anomaly detection operation in response to determining the first and second conditions.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a novel method for collecting and reporting attributes of data flows associated with machines executing on a plurality of host computers to an analysis appliance and providing visual representations of the data to a user. Some embodiments provide a visual representation of the collected data that allows a user to select a set of machines and flows and initiate recommendation generation based on the selected machines and flows. The recommendation generation, in some embodiments, includes identifying flows for which rules have not been defined and filtering the identified rules to remove flows for which rules should not be defined. Some embodiments use the identified rues to identify services and groups associated with the rules and generate recommendations for rules, groups and services based on the identified flows, groups and services. The recommendations, in some embodiments, are implemented as a single PATCH API.

Abstract: A method of upgrading an image of a virtualization software and firmware in a plurality of hosts having hardware supported by multiple hardware support managers including first and second hardware support managers, includes generating a software specification that specifies a desired state of the virtualization software and a desired state of first firmware for first hardware supported by the first hardware support manager and second firmware for second hardware supported by the second hardware support manager, preparing a desired image of the virtualization software that includes software components of the desired state of the first and second firmware, and coordinating an upgrade by (1) instructing the first and second hardware support managers to upgrade the hosts to the desired state of the first and second firmware, and (2) instructing each of the hosts to upgrade to the desired image of the virtualization software.

Abstract: A disclosed example to determine a migration recommendation of a service between geographic regions includes: a graph generator to generate an interaction graph, the interaction graph including first and second nodes and an edge therebetween, the first node representative of a first service in a first geographic region, the second node representative of a second service in a second geographic region, and the edge representative of a network path of interactions between the first and second services; a weighing engine to determine a weight value of the edge between the first and second services based on a count of network interactions between the first and second services and a real-time latency between the first and second services; and a recommendation engine to generate a migration recommendation to migrate the first service to the second geographic region based on the weight value of the edge.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products for computer cluster management. Multiple components are operatively interconnected to carry out operations for placing virtual machines onto a multi-tenant computing cluster, where the placement achieves adherence to a set of security requirements. Initially, data characterizing logical CPU resources of the multi-tenant computing cluster are gathered. Upon receipt of a request to place a virtual machine onto a node of the multi-tenant computing cluster, a set of security rules that are used to achieve the set of security requirements associated with the multi-tenant computing cluster are accessed. In accordance with the security rules the virtual machine is assigned to execute in a portion of the logical CPU resources. The virtual machine does not share logical CPU resources with any other tenant.

Abstract: Architectures for computing clusters with enhanced scalability and fault isolation capabilities are described. The enhanced capabilities are enabled by partitioning hosts of the clusters into multiple storage domains of the cluster. Each of the hosts includes processing and storage resources. The resources are logically partitioned into a processing layer and a storage layer of the cluster. The processing layer includes a virtualized processing resource for each of the storage domains. The storage layer includes a virtualized datastore for each of the storage domains. The processing layer provides users with access to virtualized machines (VMs). The storage layer provides the VMs with access to virtualized datastores of the associated storage domain. The aggregated resources of the host computing devices within the cluster may be employed to instantiate the processing layer and the storage layer of the cluster.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a local network controller that manages a first managed forwarding element (MFE) operating to forward traffic on a host machine for several logical networks and configures the first MFE to forward traffic for a set of containers operating within a container virtual machine (VM) that connects to the first MFE. The local network controller receives, from a centralized network controller, logical network configuration information for a logical network to which the set of containers logically connect. The local network controller receives, from the container VM, a mapping of a tag value used by a second MFE operating on the container VM to a logical forwarding element of the logical network to which the set of containers connect. The local network controller configures the first MFE to apply the logical network configuration information to data messages received from the container VM that are tagged with the tag value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for access control in an electronic control unit (ECU). In one aspect, an exemplary method comprises, by an operating system (OS) kernel of the ECU of a vehicle, intercepting at least one request for an interaction of a control application with a basic component through an interaction interface provided by the basic component for interactions with applications, requesting from a security subsystem of the operating system, a verdict as to whether or not access for the interaction of the control application with the basic component through the interaction interface can be provided, and when the verdict is received from the security subsystem granting the access, providing the interaction between the basic component and the control application through the interaction interface in accordance with the received verdict.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing one-touch migration of virtual assets are described. In some embodiments, an Information Handling System (IHS), may include a processor, a remote access controller (RAC) coupled to the processor, and a memory coupled to the RAC, the RAC configured to: assume a role of an originating group's manager, where the originating group comprises a first plurality of IHSs and each IHS has one or more virtual assets of a first type; collect configuration information related to other IHSs; transmit the configuration information to another RAC of another IHS designated as a destination group's manager, comprising a second plurality of IHSs, where the other RAC is configured to: perform a compatibility check using the configuration information; and validate a migration of the one or more virtual assets from the first plurality of IHSs to the second plurality of IHSs, where migrated assets are of a second type.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the communications technologies field, and in particular, to a data migration method and apparatus, to implement data migration in an enclave page cache (EPC), to improve consistency between data of an application program before migration and that after migration. The method includes: obtaining, by a source host, a migration instruction, where the migration instruction is used to instruct to migrate a target application created with an enclave to a destination host; invoking, by the source host, a migration control thread preset in the enclave of the target application, to write running status data of the target application in an EPC into target memory of the source host, where the target memory is an area other than the EPC in memory of the source host; and sending, by the source host, the running status data of the target application in the target memory to the destination host.

Abstract: A cloud oversubscription system including one or more processors and a memory coupled with the one or more processors. The one or more processors effectuate operations including obtaining a list of service level agreement (SLA) availability values for each of one or more virtual machines (VMs) of a host. The one or more processors further effectuate operations including analyzing the list to determine a maximum availability number for the host. The one or more processors further effectuate operations including identifying a probable overload condition value based on the SLA availability values. The one or more processors further effectuate operations including performing at least one recommended action when the probable overload condition value exceeds an SLA before an occurrence of an overload condition.

Abstract: A Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Software Defined Network (SDN) controls NFV resources consumed by Virtual Network Functions (VNFs). An NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) executes SDN application VNFs, SDN controller VNFs, and SDN data-machine VNFs. The NFVI responsively transfers SDN Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). A VNF control system processes the KPIs to generate and transfer NFV control data to lighten one of the SDN VNFs. The NFVI lightens the one SDN VNF responsive to the NFV control data by increasing access to NFVI hardware for the one SDN VNF.

Abstract: The method includes performing virtual machine (VM) discovery on a transitioned VM to obtain secondary information, classifying, using a tag mapping, the transitioned VM using at least the secondary information to identify a tag, associating the transitioned VM with a backup policy based on the tag, and sending the backup policy and the tag to a production host hosting the transitioned VM.

Abstract: A method is performed at an electronic device. The electronic device receives, in a user interface of a social network platform, a to-be-processed interaction message/ The device transmits a message processing request based on the to-be-processed interaction message to a remote server, wherein the remote server identifies one or more target mini application programs based on semantic analysis of the to-be-processed interaction message. The device receives, from the server, a message processing result in accordance with the message processing request. The message processing result includes one or more links to the target mini application programs running on the social network platform. The electronic device displays, in the user interface, a target interaction message for each target mini application program according to the message processing result.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a novel method for collecting and reporting attributes of data flows associated with machines executing on a plurality of host computers to an analysis appliance and providing visual representations of the data to a user. Some embodiments provide a visual representation of the collected data that allows a user to select a set of machines and flows and initiate recommendation generation based on the selected machines and flows. The recommendation generation, in some embodiments, includes identifying flows for which rules have not been defined and filtering the identified rules to remove flows for which rules should not be defined. Some embodiments use the identified rues to identify services and groups associated with the rules and generate recommendations for rules, groups and services based on the identified flows, groups and services. The recommendations, in some embodiments, are implemented as a single PATCH API.

Abstract: Provided are embodiments of a method for performing live updates. The method includes determining a migration type for a live migration to be performed from a source server to a target server, and performing the live migration from the source server to the target server. The method also includes based on the migration type, maintaining pages to be migrated, tracking modifications in a hypervisor page table, and performing a back-migration based on the migration type. Also provided are embodiments for a system and computer program product for performing live updates.

Abstract: System and method for terminating instances and autoscaling instance groups of computing platforms. For example, a method includes determining whether an instance of an instance group is identified as eligible for termination. The method further includes, in response to determining that the instance of the instance group is identified as eligible for termination, terminating the eligible instance. The terminating the eligible instance includes, in response to a runtime of the eligible instance being equal to or larger than a predetermined maximum lifetime, terminating the eligible instance.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatuses, and systems include a hypervisor receiving an error message from an agent within a first virtual machine run by the hypervisor. In response to the error message, the hypervisor determines and initiates a corrective action for the hypervisor to take in response to the error message. An exemplary corrective action includes initiating a reset of the first virtual machine or a reset of a second virtual machine.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a communication apparatus includes a plurality of virtual machines, a storage unit, a transfer unit, and a descriptor output unit. The storage unit includes a multicast storage area specified for each multicast group and storing a multicast frame addressed to virtual machines belonging to a multicast group. The transfer unit writes the multicast frame into a multicast transfer virtual storage area mapped to the multicast storage area. The descriptor output unit outputs a descriptor of the multicast frame to the virtual machines belonging to the multicast group. The virtual machine includes a descriptor receiving unit and a reading unit. The descriptor receiving unit receives the descriptor. When the descriptor is received by the descriptor receiving unit, the reading unit reads the multicast frame from the multicast storage area specified based on the descriptor.

Abstract: A backup method and a backup system for virtual machines are provided. A first virtual machine management module replicates data of a write IO request of a first virtual machine to generate replication data, and the write IO request is configured to request a data write operation to a disk of the first virtual machine. The first virtual machine management module transmits the replication data to a second virtual machine management module while the first virtual machine is running. The second virtual machine management module receives the replication data and controls or performs a data write operation to a disk of the second virtual machine of the second virtual machine management module according to the replication data. When the first virtual machine is paused, the second virtual machine management module performs a snapshot operation on the disk of the second virtual machine to generate snapshot data.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a system and method for checking and maintaining consistency of blocks stored in a virtual disk with a content based read cache (CBRC). When blocks are written to the cache and virtual disk, a hash is computed for the block and stored in a digest file on the virtual disk. In the background, each block is obtained from the virtual disk, its hash is recomputed, and the hash is compared to the stored hash in the digest file. If the comparison indicates a mismatch, then an error is reported.

Abstract: Techniques for routing data packets through service chains within and between public cloud networks of multi-cloud fabrics. A router in a network, e.g., a public cloud network, receives data packets from nodes in the network through segments of the network. Based at least in part on (i) a source address of the data packet, (ii) a destination address of the data packet, and (iii) an identity of the segments of the network from which the data packets are received, the router determines a next node in the network to which the data packet is to be forwarded. The router may then forward the data packet through another segment of the network to the next node and then receive the data packet from the next node through the another segment.

Abstract: A method for managing a virtual radio access network which serves a radio cell is provided. The method includes selecting, based on a radio access technology of the radio cell, a construction scheme for the virtual radio access network in a repository. Further, the method includes querying, from the repository, at least one software component associated to the construction scheme. The software component represents a virtualized network function of the virtual radio access network. The method additionally includes setting up, using the software component, the virtualized network function on a runtime platform according to the construction scheme.

Abstract: A control device according to an embodiment includes hardware. The hardware includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a host operating system (OS), a virtual machine, a guest OS, a guest process, and a controller process. The virtual machine is implemented on the host OS. The guest OS operates on the virtual machine. The guest process unit is operated by the guest OS, and executes control processing for an external appliance to be controlled using the hardware that is allocated to the guest OS in accordance with hardware allocation data indicating hardware to be allocated to each of the host OS and the guest OS. The controller process unit is operated by the host OS, and executes control processing for the appliance to be controlled using the hardware that is allocated to the host OS in accordance with the hardware allocation data.

Abstract: A virtual machine's (VM's) usage of a resource over a first time period may be monitored to determine a load pattern for the VM. A time series analysis of the load pattern may be performed to generate a predictive resource usage model, the predictive resource usage model indicating one or more predicted variations in the usage of the resource by the VM over a second time period. A predicted resource usage of the VM at a future time that is within the second time period may be determined based, at least in part, on the predictive resource usage model. An amount of the resource to allocate to the VM at a current time may be determined based, at least in part, on the predicted resource usage of the VM at the future time and the actual resource usage of the VM at the current time.

Abstract: A method to load balance via a load balancing node in a virtual network environment, the method including: receiving a request packet from a client through a router; selecting, via a load balancer of the load balancing node, a backend virtual machine server to receive the received request packet; generating, via a virtual switch of the load balancing node, a packet for virtual networking by overlaying information for transmitting the received request packet to the selected backend virtual machine server through a virtual network to the received request packet; and transmitting the generated packet for virtual networking to a hypervisor node including the selected backend virtual machine server.

Abstract: An illustrative live synchronization feature uses file system block-level backup copies, snapshot techniques, change tracking, and volume-level granularity to ensure the integrity of destination volumes. Two protection mechanisms guard the destination data and ensure consistency from one live sync restore to the next. First, an inter-job software snapshot captures the destination volume image after each restore. The snapshot is created at the very end of each live sync restore and is reverted at the beginning of the next live sync restore. A second and more granular protection mechanism uses intra-job block monitoring to detect, and later to reverse, changes that the snapshots cannot capture. This second mechanism acts as a mini-block-level restore nested inside another block-level restore. This dual approach ensures that each incremental live sync restore finds the destination volume with a guaranteed pristine image identical to where the preceding live sync restore left it.

Abstract: Zero copy message reception for guests is disclosed. For example, a host has a memory, a device with access to device memory addresses, a processor, and a supervisor. An application with access to application memory addresses (AMA) executes on the host. An AMA is mapped to a page table entry (PTE). The application shares access to a first page of memory addressed by the AMA with the device to store data received by the device for the first application, where the first page is mapped as a device memory address of the plurality of device memory addresses. The application later sends a request to disconnect from the device. The supervisor is configured to copy contents of the first page to a second page in the memory after receiving the request to disconnect, and then update the PTE to address the second page instead of the first page.

Abstract: A method for performing a backup operation includes receiving, by a backup storage device, a backup request, and in response to the backup request: identifying a plurality of virtual machines (VMs) associated with the backup request, identifying a VM of the plurality of VMs that is in an orphaned state; and, initiating a backup for each of the plurality of VMs except the VM.