Abstract: The wide, thin, revolvable, flexible, metallic casting belts are made to incorporate differential patterns of residual internal longitudinal tensile and compressive stresses. The two marginal areas are residually longitudinally stretched more than the main middle area straddled by these margins. This main middle area is used as a moving mold and is expected to contact molten metal. Thus, the treated belts have two marginal areas in a state of mild longitudinal compression straddling the main middle area in a state of mild residual longitudinal tension. During casting, when hot metal comes into contact with the main middle area of such treated belt, the main middle area expands. Because of the built-in differential compensating stresses, the stresses throughout such belt during casting advantageously become balanced or equalized across the whole belt width.

Abstract: In a method of reshaping a container (1) having side wall (2) and a bottom wall (3), the container is rotated by support means (11, 12) while a roll (13) is applied thereto and moved towards the container axis. The bottom wall (3) comprises a central panel (4), an annular wall (5) depending from the periphery of the central panel, an outwardly convex bead (6) of arcuate cross-section on which the container stands and a transition wall (7) extending radially and axially from the convex bead to the side wall (2), and the roll is applied to the transition wall (7) to reshape it and to tighten the curvature of the convex bead. The method permits the formation of bottom wall profiles which resist eversion under the influence of pressure within the container so that thinner metals, such as tinplate or aluminum alloys, may be used.

Abstract: A method of forming a helical internal gear by cold work, wherein a hollow blank is fitted onto a die on a mandrel, which is provided on an outer periphery thereof with a helical tooth profile and, while the blank is clamped and held in both axial directions thereof, a roller is pressed onto an outer periphery of the blank in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the mandrel while rotating the blank together with the mandrel, whereby the hollow blank is plastically deformed along the helical tooth profile on the die, and then a helical internal gear is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the blank.

Abstract: An integral outwardly extending transverse annular flange is formed on one or both extremities of a previously formed cylinder, circumferentially spaced circular openings are then punched in the one or both flanges. An adjustable expansible and freely rotary mandrel, adapted to grasp tightly the internal wall of the cylinder, is mounted adjacent to one end of a movable support which is pivotally mounted and movable relative to the base from a horizontal to a vertical position. A pair of cylindrical forming or tooling rolls on parallel vertical axes are mounted on the base. The axes of the inner roll, adjacent to the pivotal joint is fixed, while the axis of the outer roll is movable and operable under high pressure to clamp a small portion of the periphery of the lower extremity of the cylinder between the rolls, corresponding to the width of the flange.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously forming splines and an annular groove in a metal piece having a central portion and ends on each side thereof, the method including the steps of forming a substantially U-shaped annular recess (56) along the central portion of the workpiece which has a flat base and spaced sidewalls which are spaced apart to a greater distance than the side walls of the groove (82) to be formed, deforming the recess (56) to initially form a groove (82) therein, progressively and simultaneously forming splines in the ends of the workpiece and forming the groove (82) in the recess of the workpiece, and moving metal outwardly and upwardly from the recess as the groove (82) is formed to fill the remainder of the recess (56) and form the sidewalls of the groove (82).

Abstract: In a method for the radial expansion of rings, in particular by means of rolling tools, it is provided in accordance with the invention that the radial surfaces and the end faces of the ring that is to be machined are machined in alternation using the same pair of tools. The apparatus for performing the method includes a ring rolling machine in which the ring that is to be formed rests on a support that is pivotable by 90.degree. to alternatively bring the radial surfaces and the end faces of the ring into engagement with the tools.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are provided for the two-step rolling of predominantly profiled rings, for example, anti-friction bearing rings, with diameter enlargement in two rolling steps in one working sequence for the considerable reduction of the stress on the rolling mandrel.

Abstract: A gelatine capsule includes a locking ridge having a smooth, rounded cross-section for improved locking characteristics with respect to the body portion of the capsule. The capsule cap is formed on a metal pin having a circumferential groove therein with a shape complimentary to that of the capsule groove. Each forming pin in shaped by rolling an unfinished pin between two rollers. The unfinished pin is supported by an anvil located just below the center line connecting the axes of rotation of the two rollers. One roller is preferably smooth and the other roller preferably has a cross-sectional profile complimentary to that of the ultimate capsule cap. The locking groove is formed in the cap pin by bringing the two rollers together so as to rotate the pin under great force thereby burnishing a smooth, rounded locking groove into the finished pin.

Abstract: A machine (10) for forming grooves and splines in workpiece (32) including a mounting assembly (26,28,34,36) defining a support axis for rotatably supporting the workpiece (32) for rotary movement about the axis, and dies (38,40;90,92) including opposed spline forming toothed work surfaces (46) spaced on opposite sides of the support axis for forming splines therein when the work surfaces (46) are moved relative to one another. Each of the dies (38,40;90,92) include a body portion (68) having an elongated straight slot formed therein transverse to the toothed work surfaces (46). A groove forming element (48) removably mounted in the slot simultaneously deforms the workpiece to form a groove as the toothed work surfaces (46) form spline in the workpieces. The groove forming element (48) has a constant width when viewed in transverse cross section and has a portion secured in the slot and a groove forming edge extending from the slot. The edge has leading portion and a trailing portion.

Abstract: Tube dedimpler apparatus is provided with a walking-beam conveyor in which parallel disposed walking-beams are directed through closed, congruent, vertical, workpiece-transfer paths using paired crank arms which are driven in unison by means including respective stepping motors operated in the full-step mode.

Abstract: In profiling the surface of a metal strip, particularly pressed strips for use in double band presses, the pressed strip is provided with graduations on a surface outside of the surface to be profiled. The graduations on the strip correspond to graduations on a tool used to profile the strip surface. With the graduations on both strip and tool in register, synchronized movements of the strip and the tool is effected with the strip being rolled into surface contact with the profiling surface of the tool so that the profiling surface of the tool is reproduced on the strip.

Abstract: The method and apparatus is disclosed to reduce the size of weld flash located at the junction of two workpieces each having a cylindrical contour and which have been butt-welded together. This method and apparatus employ roller members which positively feed the butt-welded workpieces through a slot opening smaller in width than the original diameter of the weld flash. In the preferred embodiment, a roller is spaced apart from the stationary block member to establish the slot opening while the workpieces are rotated while being fed through the opening in order to exert sufficient mechanical force with the sides of the slot opening to reduce the diameter of the weld flash by compaction during passage therethrough.

Abstract: An improved method of stress rolling a metallic rim includes the additional step of applying an outside force to the rim to produce tensile stress in the region which is being stress rolled to produce a higher resulting compressive stress within the region than could otherwise be obtained through normal stress rolling.

Abstract: The forming simultaneously of a series of cylindrical metal belts in a range of slightly different measures suitable to be fitted into each other into a multiple layer driving belt. The belts are formed from a series of blanks of tubular material, having the same diameter. Two parallel rotatable rolls, having a length exceeding the total length of the series of blanks are inserted through the series of blanks which are positioned side by side along the said length. One of the said inserted rolls is a stretch roll having a relatively small diameter with respect to a pair of work rolls of large diameter between which the tubing-stretch roll assembly is engaged in a position offset to one side of the plane containing the axes of the said work rolls.

Abstract: A tool for deburring or finishing a workpiece is mounted for common reciprocatory movement with the wheelhead of a grinding machine. The tool, which is form of an elongated rod, is supported in a housing which is in turn pivoted about an axis transverse to the tool. A biasing means urges the tool toward a predetermined angular position about the pivotal axis of a housing. The tool cooperates with a workpiece to selectively overcome the bias and oscillate the tool in accordance with the relative reciprocatory movement between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.