Abstract: Tube flaring tool comprising a tube receiving region comprising first and second gripping dies retractable with respect to each other and positionable to cooperatively define an opening for receiving a tube; a first clutch shaft; a support housing having a bore for receiving a second clutch shaft; a clutch plate; a flare forming head operable to flare the free end of the tube; and a biasing member urging the flare forming head axially. The first clutch shaft may have an outer configuration adapted to be engaged by a 12 point or ?? square drive SAE ratchet wrench for creating mechanical advantage to actuate the flare forming head. When the force that the biasing member urges the flare forming head axially is overcome, the clutch plate disengages from the second clutch shaft such that further actuation of the first clutch shaft does not rotate the flare forming head shaft, preventing over-flaring.

Abstract: Tube flaring tool comprising a tube receiving region comprising first and second gripping dies retractable with respect to each other and positionable to cooperatively define an opening for receiving a tube; a first clutch shaft; a support housing having a bore for receiving a second clutch shaft; a clutch plate; a flare forming head operable to flare the free end of the tube; and a biasing member urging the flare forming head axially. The first clutch shaft may have an outer configuration adapted to be engaged by a 12 point or ?? square drive SAE ratchet wrench for creating mechanical advantage to actuate the flare forming head. When the force that the biasing member urges the flare forming head axially is overcome, the clutch plate disengages from the second clutch shaft such that further actuation of the first clutch shaft does not rotate the flare forming head shaft, preventing over-flaring.

Abstract: A device for forming circumferential grooves in pipe elements uses multiple geared cam bodies mounted on a carriage which rotates about a fixed pinion. The gears engage with the pinion which causes the geared cam bodies to rotate relative to the carriage. Traction surfaces and cam surfaces on the cam bodies traverse the outer surface of the pipe element and impress a circumferential groove therein. To substantially prevent rotation of the pipe element the pitch circle diameter of the pinion equals the outer diameter of the pipe element and the pitch circle diameters of the traction surfaces equal the pitch circle diameters of the gears.

Abstract: A pipe loosening device and methods are shown. In one example, the pipe loosening device enables a method wherein a pipe to be replaced is deformed but not burst, and a portion of a sidewall of the pipe is forced outward into the surrounding soil to compact a local region of the surrounding soil and loosen the existing pipe. The pipe may then pulled from the ground along an axis of the pipe.

Abstract: Presented herein are container forming machines, forming ram assemblies, and methods for making and for using forming ram assemblies. A forming ram assembly is presented for a container forming machine, which includes a turret assembly with a cam rail. The ram assembly includes a mounting rail for attaching to the turret assembly. A cam follower is mounted to the mounting rail and configured to rollably seat against the cam rail. Connected to the cam follower is a forming die which moves as the cam follower traverses the cam rail. A knockout tool is mounted inside the forming die and includes a stepped segment. A drive cylinder moves the knockout tool within the forming die. An O-ring is seated inside a complementary channel of the knockout tool. An annular knockout guide is seated on the stepped segment of the knockout tool, located between and abutting the O-ring and forming die.

Abstract: Presented herein are container forming machines, forming ram assemblies, and methods for making and for using forming ram assemblies. A forming ram assembly is presented for a container forming machine, which includes a turret assembly with a cam rail. The ram assembly includes a mounting rail for attaching to the turret assembly. A cam follower is mounted to the mounting rail and configured to rollably seat against the cam rail. Connected to the cam follower is a forming die which moves as the cam follower traverses the cam rail. A knockout tool is mounted inside the forming die and includes a stepped segment. A drive cylinder moves the knockout tool within the forming die. An O-ring is seated inside a complementary channel of the knockout tool. An annular knockout guide is seated on the stepped segment of the knockout tool, located between and abutting the O-ring and forming die.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a coating device for applying a cladding layer onto the inner side of a carrier layer during the production of a multilayer heavy-duty pipe, with a pressure-exerting unit having a force application unit. A stable application of the cladding layer is achieved by having the coating device comprise a rolling tool with the pressure-exerting unit and the force application unit, and by providing the pressure-exerting unit with at least one pressure roller having a diameter that is smaller than the inside diameter of the heavy-duty pipe to be produced, and with at least one support element acting diametrically counter thereto with a supporting force in the operating state.

Abstract: A groove-making tool consisting of a hardened grooving-wheel that can be substituted for the cutting-wheel on any hand-held pipe-cutting tool and can make at least one circumferential groove in a pipe. A method of coupling the pipe to a variety of standard off-the-shelf components by placing at least one O-ring on the grooved pipe, which has thus become a universal fitting, and applying a visually identifiable adhesive and/or crimping with a crimp tool.

Abstract: A method of incrementally forming a workpiece. The method may include incrementally forming a stiffening feature on the workpiece and incrementally forming a part on the workpiece. A gap between forming tools may be decreased to reform the part.

Abstract: A method of incrementally forming a workpiece. The method includes incrementally forming a first monotonic wrap surface in a first direction and incrementally forming a second wrap surface in a second direction disposed opposite the first direction.

Abstract: An outer joint member for a constant velocity universal joint is formed by a face spline forming apparatus and a face spline forming method. The face spline forming apparatus includes a punch member having a tooth portion for forming a face spline, a pedestal having an end-surface receiving surface for receiving an opening end surface of a cup section, and a shaft member having an inner-surface receiving surface for receiving a bottom-wall inner surface of the cup section. The opening end surface and the bottom-wall inner surface are brought into a simultaneous pressure receiving state. In this state, the punch member performs a rocking motion to form the face spline in a bottom-wall back surface due to plastic deformation caused by the tooth portion of the punch member.

Abstract: A process and apparatus to make an edge or a collar featuring a complex structure on extruded, deep-drawn and deep-drawn/wire-drawn metal rough pieces with which bottles for the beverage and food sector or for technical use are particularly obtained, suitable for the application of a closing cap and fit to use on a tapering machine. The process includes a starting operating stage to deform an upper end portion of a metal holder by turning it outwardly so as to obtain an edge or a collar with a basically circular section, one or more intermediate operating stages to deform the edge or collar by squeezing in the radial direction and stretching towards the bottom of the metal holder, a final operating deformation stage to obtain an edge or collar with a complex ovoidal profile for the application of at least two caps of different types.

Abstract: A tip shaping apparatus presses electrode tips against a shaping roller thereof held by a rotationally driven holder in such a manner as to bring tip sections of the tips close to each other, thereby shaping the tip sections into reusable condition. The tip shaping apparatus includes deburring sections located in such positions as to confront burrs that are formed during shaping in such a manner as to project from outer circumferences of root sections proximate the tip sections of the electrode tips in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the electrode tips, at ejection of the electrode tips from the apparatus. Each of the deburring sections is located proximate an outer circumferential plane of the root section of each of the electrode tips undergoing shaping so as to abut against and cut off or bend the burrs in such a manner as to suppress the projecting height of the burrs when the electrode tips are ejected from the tip shaping apparatus.

Abstract: A device and method for manufacture of workpieces having defined profiling. A device includes an axially moveable workpiece holder and at least one forming tool. There is a first drive structured and arranged to intermittently rotate the workpiece holder about a longitudinal axis of a workpiece held in the workpiece holder, and a second drive, separate from the first drive, structured and arranged to rotate the at least one forming tool to act periodically on the workpiece. The device also includes an electronic control operably connected to the first drive and the second drive, which controls intermittent rotational movement of the workpiece holder based upon the second drive. The at least one forming tool includes profiled wheels or rollers that are driven to continually rotate along a circular orbit that is oriented parallel or obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device and method for forming a curl in a closable container. A process of forming a pre-curl is used, which is followed by a second separate step of forming the completed curl. The two-step process provides for higher tolerances with respect to the shape of the curl that allows the curl to be used as a sealing surface for a recloseable metal bottle. A three-step process provides for even greater tolerances and reduces longitudinal forces by completing the curl using lateral forces. Also, a die curler is disclosed that has an eccentric motion that forms a curl in a single progressive curling process.

Abstract: A tube expanding device includes: a plurality of rollers each having a tapered portion whose diameter increases toward its front side; a cylindrical expander frame for freely rotatably holding the plurality of rollers on a concentric circle; a mandrel inserted in the expander frame so as to be freely slidable and rotatable relative to the expander frame, and having a tapered portion whose diameter decreases toward its front side, the tapered portion of the mandrel matching the tapered portion of each roller; a drive device coupled to the expander frame and rotating the expander frame; and a moving device for moving the mandrel forward and backward relative to the expander frame. By moving the mandrel forward relative to the expander frame, the tapered portion of the mandrel abuts on the tapered portions of the plurality of rollers and thereby expands a diameter of a circumscribed circle formed by the plurality of rollers.

Abstract: A tip dresser is disclosed, by which a cutter body can be easily formed and by which an end of an electrode tip can be quickly and neatly grinded. A tip dresser, which is configured to grind a pair of electrode tips used for spot welding in a manner of approaching ends of a pair of the electrode tips to each other, includes a cutter including a holder configured to be rotationally driven with a rotation center axis matched to an axial center of each of the mutually approached electrode tips, a cutter body retained by the holder to cut vicinities of the ends of electrode tips in case the holder is rotated.

Abstract: A method and a device for straightening out irregularities in a flange by pressing a roller against a first side of the flange while supporting an opposite side thereof to preserve the angle between the flange and the part when undergoing compression loading by way of the roller.

Abstract: A flange forming process uses first and second stages. The first stage produces a partially formed flange on an article. The second stage forces the partially formed flange into a die so a stepped surface of a knockout punch that is disposed in the die, produces a predetermined can height such as the FFCH (Factory Finished Can Height) while the retaining die limits the outside diameter of the flange.

Abstract: A method and apparatus utilizing a radial rolling process to cold form rings on a lead battery terminal with undercuts or overhangs to improve the sealing properties of the rings. The apparatus includes a fixture configured to securely position the battery terminal beneath a rolling station. The rolling station includes a radial rolling spindle having a plurality of cam shaped rollers configured to transform at least one ring on the battery terminal from having an initial rectangular cross-sectional shape into a desired arrowhead cross-sectional shape when the terminal and cold metal forming member are rotated relative to each other. A drive assembly is configured to rotate the battery terminal and radial rolling head relative to each other.

Abstract: A tube flaring machine having a frame having an upper end and having a lower end; a tube clamp having a plurality of radially arranged clamping shoes; a collet ring and a gantry fixedly attached to and overlying the collet ring; a radially segmented anvil ring cumulatively forming an outwardly and downwardly flared anvil surface, the segments of the anvil ring being attached to lower ends of the clamping shoes; a mandrel including orbiting rollers having outwardly and downwardly flared outer surfaces; a mandrel guiding plate interconnecting the mandrel and the frame and positioning the mandrel below the anvil ring; a hydraulic motor for orbiting and rotating the rollers; and a hydraulic ram operatively connected to the frame for moving the mandrel and the anvil ring toward each other for compression and flaring therebetween of a pipe's end.

Abstract: A method of reducing slot width in slotted tubular liners. A slotted tubular liner (1) is provided having an interior surface (3), an exterior surface (2) and a plurality of slots (4) extending between the interior surface and the exterior surface. One or more contoured rigid forming tools (7) are provided. Pressure is applied to either the interior surface (3) or the exterior surface (2) of the slotted tubular liner (1) with the contoured rigid forming tools (7). The contoured rigid forming tools are then moved in a sweep pattern traversing either the interior surface or the exterior surface of the slotted tubular liner, until plastic deformation narrows the width of the plurality of slots (4) to within desired tolerances. The method does not require the same precise positioning of previously known methods and, as such, provides a combination of increased output and lower cost.

Abstract: An improved tool for use in association with a deformable nut of a fastener includes a socket having inner surface that forms a cavity on the socket. The inner surface includes one or more engagement surfaces that are tapered inwardly at an angle that approaches a taper of a deformable wall of the deformable nut. In one embodiment the tapering of the engagement surfaces is provided by configuring the engagement surfaces to extend in a tapered fashion generally toward a central axis of the socket. In another embodiment, the tapering is provided by configuring the engagement surfaces to each extend in a spiral fashion about a spiral axis that may, for example, be parallel and spaced-apart from the central axis of the socket.

Abstract: A method and apparatus utilizing a radial rolling process to cold form rings on a lead battery terminal with undercuts or overhangs to improve the sealing properties of the rings. The apparatus includes a fixture configured to securely position the battery terminal beneath a rolling station. The rolling station includes a radial rolling spindle having a plurality of cam shaped rollers configured to transform at least one ring on the battery terminal from having an initial rectangular cross-sectional shape into a desired arrowhead cross-sectional shape when the terminal and cold metal forming member are rotated relative to each other. A drive assembly is configured to rotate the battery terminal and radial rolling head relative to each other.

Abstract: A method for producing a, in particular thin-walled, pipe conduit element with a surface structure reinforcing the pipe conduit element is proposed wherein the pipe conduit element continuously passes by at least one embossing element guided about the periphery of the jacket thereof and the surface structure is embossed onto the jacket of the pipe conduit element by the embossing element using pure mechanical pressure. For embossing the surface structure onto the pipe conduit element, an arrangement of preferably several embossing elements, in particular balls or rollers are used which are distributed about the periphery of the pipe conduit element jacket. The invention also concerns a device for producing a surface structured pipe conduit element using a guidance having embossing elements and which can be rotated about the periphery of the jacket of a pipe conduit element continuously supplied to the device.

Abstract: A swaging machine has a head with an axis of rotation and a plurality of holes spaced in a circular array concentric and parallel with the axis of rotation. Shafts extend from each of the holes, each shaft having a supporting portion located on the forward side of the head. Rollers are rotatably mounted to the supporting portions of the shaft, each roller having a conical exterior. A chucking member on the rearward side of the head is engaged by a rotary member to rotate the head. The rollers of the rotating head are brought into engagement with a cylindrical pipe, causing a tapered swaged section to be formed on the end of the pipe. The pipe is then threaded. The pipe is preferably of small wall thickness.

Abstract: A method and apparatus utilizing a radial rolling process to cold form rings on a lead battery terminal with undercuts or overhangs to improve the sealing properties of the rings. The apparatus includes a fixture configured to securely position the battery terminal beneath a rolling station. The rolling station includes a radial rolling spindle having a plurality of cam shaped rollers configured to transform at least one ring on the battery terminal from having an initial rectangular cross-sectional shape into a desired arrowhead cross-sectional shape when the terminal and cold metal forming member are rotated relative to each other. A drive assembly is configured to rotate the battery terminal and radial rolling head relative to each other.

Abstract: A tool for reducing the diameter of the center conductor of a coaxial cable allowing it to mate with a smaller receptacle without the necessity of a reducer. The tool uses plural rollers within a housing to roll form the conductor as they rotate about it. Preferably the rollers are caged for alignment but bear on the inner surface of the housing. The housing thus resists the axial loads on the rollers and transmits the rotational drive force directly to the rollers allowing the roller cage to serve solely alignment purposes. The roller cage incorporates an extended nose designed to contact the dielectric portion of the cable, serving as a depth stop. An optional indicator sleeve is visible through openings in the housing and indicates the position of the roller cage within the housing. A small lead angle on the rollers causes them to self feed onto the conductor and to crawl rearward within the chamber which provide the indication of the length of conductor reduced.

Abstract: An apparatus for deburring the marginal edge of a cylindrical body, comprising a substantially enclosed cylindrical housing having (i) a circular hub, (ii) a continuous, open channel circumscribing the hub, and (iii) a circumferential rim disposed radially from the channel. The channel has (i) an inner sidewall defining the outer wall of the hub and an outer sidewall defining the inner wall of the rim, and (ii) a laterally disposed annular boss interconnecting inner and outer sidewalls so as to connect the hub and rim. A plurality of first, spaced elongated slots and second, spaced elongated slots are formed at opposed peripheries of the boss, and the first slots open through a portion of the inner sidewall and the second slots open through a portion of the outer sidewall; and the first slots are offset from the second slots and disposed radially outwardly from the first slots.

Abstract: A welding electrode dressing device in particular in automated welding stations comprises an electrode treatment head (11, 111) equipped with upsetting members (15, 115) which reshape the tip of an electrode inserted in it without removing material. Advantageously the treatment head (11, 111) comprises two treatment seats (19, 119) arranged on opposite sides thereof to each receive the end (12) of a pair of welding gun electrodes.

Abstract: A cartridge case former and method includes a front arbor plate, a rear arbor plate and a plurality of arbors extending between the front arbor plate and the rear arbor plate. The cartridge case former also includes a plurality of rotatable roller dies disposed about the arbors for forming a neck of a cartridge case.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tap employing deformation of matter, wherein it comprises a body which bears three rotating cylinders mounted idly and provided with annular threads each distant by the value of the pitch of the threading to be made. These three cylinders are regularly distributed and are inclined axially by an angle equal to the helix angle of the thread to be made.

Abstract: An apparatus for flanging an edge of a can body includes a flanging tool which has an inner tool part having an outer circumferential flanging face for engaging an inner surface of a circumferential edge zone of the can body; an outer tool part surrounding the inner tool part and having an inner circumferential abutment face surrounding the flanging face for abutting a periphery of the can body edge during flanging of the can body edge by the flanging face; an axially hollow, non-rotatable spindle to which the outer tool part is affixed and which has a first axis; a rotary shaft received in the spindle and having a second axis coinciding with the first axis; and a shaft stub affixed to and extending from the shaft. The inner tool part is rotatably mounted on the shaft stub which has a central, third axis disposed at an inclination to the second axis.

Abstract: An apparatus for deforming the end of a tube structure includes a closing tool moving in an orbital motion about the end of the tube while the tube is being advanced. The closing tool in combination with the force applied to advance the tube form the tube into the shape of the closing tool and over the internal components of the tube. The closing tool and one end of the tube can be combined in a chamber of the closing tool so that the tube end can be closed while the internal volume of the tube is pressurized. The closing tool is particularly adapted to deform the end of a tube structure of a shock absorber type device.

Abstract: A flanging head assembly having a cluster of freely rotatable spin flanging rollers includes a stop ring against which the flange hits during the final flange forming stages to limit the flange to a specific diameter. To prevent the flange from entering the crack formed between the rotating roller and the stationary stop ring, there is provided a step spacing the stop ring surface from the roller forming surface. In a preferred embodiment, the step is axially forwardly spaced from the trailing end of the flange forming surfaces and intersects a conical surface extending radially inwardly beneath the flange forming surface. This conical surface contacts unsupported flange portions between the flanging rollers to limit the degree of elastic sagging of these portions. The intersection between this conical surface with the step also supports the sagging flange portions without inducing permanent flange deformation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus utilizing a ring forming head to cold form a ring on a lead battery terminal. The apparatus includes a fixture, a rolling head having a plurality of rollers, and a drive system for engaging and rotating the rolling head and lead battery terminal relative to each other.

Abstract: The present invention solves the problems encountered by conventional machine tool devices when specialty metals such as titanium, Inconel.TM. and stainless steel are sized, cut or welded. The Sizing Tool is capable of precisely and permanently changing the shape of a tubular workpiece because, unlike conventional static spreaders, it repeatedly bends the workpiece back and forth many times to achieve the desired deformation. The Sizing Tool includes a set of revolving rollers (14) supported by bearings (13) and a mounting plate (12). The roller (14) is capable of engaging either the inside or outside surface of a hollow metal tube (10). The rollers (14) exert force on the end of the tube (10) having a circular cross-section in a configuration that resembles a polygon inscribed in a circle. As the rollers (14) are moved toward the workpiece (10), the workpiece is gradually deformed as it moves farther into the inclined surface presented by each roller (14).

Abstract: An roller-flanging device for flanging at least an end region of a cylindrical body includes a receptacle having a longitudinal axis common with the cylindrical body being flanged. Flange rollers are rotatably seated in the receptacle about the common longitudinal axis, and roll along a surface of the cylindrical body. The flange rollers each have a part with a cylindrical surface and a flange collar for forming a flange contour on the cylindrical body. At least one limiting body is disposed between contiguous ones of the flange rollers, and extends inwardly toward the common longitudinal axis beyond the circumscribed cylindrical surface of the cylindrical parts of the flange rollers at least when forming the flange. The at least one limiting body prevents burrs or material from the cylindrical body from reaching or extending beyond the cylindrical surface of the flange rollers, and assures a uniform flange diameter.

Abstract: An apparatus for reshaping a container includes a number of reprofiler rollers supported by a mounting block that allows the rollers to travel along a circular path lying in a plane perpendicular to an axis along which the mounting block can be driven by a tooling ram. The mounting block and reprofiler rollers are rotated about the axis by a tooling drive shaft that is supported within the tooling ram. Removable spacers are provided between the reprofiler rollers and the mounting block and between the tooling drive shaft and the mounting block in order to provide a way of adjusting the radial and axial positions respectively of the rollers.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is shown for reforming the bottom of a container. A number of tooling rams each have a reforming roller supported by a roller mounting block that allows the reforming roller to travel along a circular orbital path of varying diameter in a plane perpendicular to the roller mounting block axis and having a center of curvature position coextensive with the container axis. Guide cams that slide along cam surfaces formed in slots in the roller mounting block are supported on a cam mounting block. The cam mounting block is supported on a tooling drive shaft that rotates the cam mounting block about its axis coextensive with the container axis while the tooling drive shaft is supported rotatably in and moved axially with a tooling ram that moves axially toward or away from the container. Axial and rotational movement of the cam mounting block is converted to radial and rotational movement of the reforming roller through the interaction of the guide cams with the roller mounting block.

Abstract: A hand operated tool used to remove the burr from the inside end of a cut metal pipe comprising two rollers adapted to be placed inside the end of a pipe, means to expand the rollers with a hand squeezing motion on the handles of the tool and rotating the pipe or tool until the burr is rolled outward making the inside of the pipe free of any obstructions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for necking tubular members such as cans utilizes an inner die that expands to support a neck portion to be formed by an outer die that travels around the neck. The inner die has a plurality of first die elements which may be retracted after the neck is formed so that the inner die may be removed. Selected ones of these first die elements nest with the others in the retracted state. Drive assemblies operate each of the inner and outer dies, and the drive assembly for the inner die operates to differentially drive the first die elements to allow nesting to occur. Preferably, the inner drive assembly employs a reciprocally retracting cam, and the first die elements have cam followers to allow reciprocation. A wedge cam can be used to support the first die element sin the expanded configuration, and a wedge drive moves the wedge cam into and out of position.

Abstract: A rocker mill includes a pair of roll dies rotatably mounted in a structure and having tapered circumferential grooves for receiving a workpiece. A support is provided for supporting the structure so that it is longitudinally movable relative to the support. The support is rotatably mounted on a frame. A reciprocating driving apparatus is provided for reciprocating the roll dies longitudinally relative to the support through a reduction stroke and a smoothing stroke. A rotating driving apparatus is provided for rotating the roll dies around a longitudinal axis of a workpiece. A method of forming reduced diameter tubing is also described.

Abstract: A tube-resizing tool comprising: a frame assembly including a first leg and a second leg, the first leg and the second leg positioned in such a way as to straddle and secure the section of tubing to be resized, and the first and second legs being adjustable toward or away from one another so as to accommodate and secure tubing of different diameters; two rollers rotatably mounted to the first leg; and a resizing wheel rotatably mounted to the second leg, the resizing wheel having a substantially uniform outer peripheral cross-section, and the resizing wheel having a length less than the length of each of the rollers.

Abstract: A flanging head assembly having a cluster of freely rotatable spin flanging rollers includes a stop ring against which the flange hits during the final flange forming stages to limit the flange to a specific diameter. To prevent the flange from entering the crack formed between the rotating roller and the stationary stop ring, there is provided a step spacing the stop ring surface from the roller forming surface. In this manner, as the terminal edge of the flange slides around the flanging roller during final forming, it will pass over the crack and across the step to lodge in a corner formed between the step and stop ring surface. In a preferred embodiment, the step is a conical surface extending from the stop ring surface in a direction away from the can bottom. This conical surface extends radially inwardly a sufficient distance to contact unsupported flange portions between the flanging rollers to limit the degree of elastic sagging of these portions.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for working an edge portion of a flange positioned on an open end of a container to prepare the flange for end-piece attachment by shaping such edge portion and improving flange uniformity, and, if desired, configuring the flange into a desired angular orientation. In one embodiment a plurality of working rollers are positioned radially outward from the edge of the flange and a mechanism is used to force at least portions of the flange toward the rollers. When at least a portion of the flange engages with at least one of the rollers as the rollers are rotated relative to and about the flange, flange uniformity is improved as the flange edge is shaped by such roller. In the event the flange continues to be forced toward the working rollers, remaining portions of the flange may approach and possibly contact the rollers to be shaped and worked thereby while the outward radial movement of the initial contacting edge portion is restrained, thereby further improving flange uniformity.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for resizing the throat of a cylindrical container and simultaneously reforming a preformed flange on an open end of such container. In one embodiment, the throat of the container is resized by applying an outward force to the throat to increase the diameter thereof. Moreover, the preformed flange is forced radially outward. However, the outward radial movement of at least a portion of an outer edge of the preformed flange is restrained during such resizing. As a result, at least portions of the preformed flange flex between the throat and the restrained portion of the outer edge. These flexed portions project to differing degrees and at least a portion of this projecting flexure is maintained after the reforming process to improve flange uniformity.

Abstract: The present invention is a tool for repairing damaged pneumatic lines. The tool is small and compact, and is capable of being moved to the line to be repaired. The device has multiple rollers which may be adjusted to various line interior diameters and to various angles desired for the flange. When the tool is rotated, the rollers reform the flange in the subject line.

Abstract: A roller burnishing tool is disclosed having inner and outer pluralities of concentrically disposed, precision tapered rolls. A precision tapered annular mandrel is disposed within the inner plurality of rolls and operates to controllably urge the inner plurality of rolls outwardly against a lip of a workpiece inserted between the inner and outer pluralities of rolls. The inner plurality of rolls forces the lip outwardly into contact with the outer rolls, and the pressurized contact of the rolls effects a burnishing action on the surfaces of the lip of the workpiece. In a preferred embodiment, the burnishing tool also includes a pilot stop for receiving an alignment post used to align the workpiece with the burnishing tool.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for relieving ground pressure surrounding pvc vent pipes which have been displaced from their T-fitting traps in sewer systems. The round tubular nature of a semi-rigid pipe is changed to an elliptical or oval shape with initial insertion and rotation of a special tool. The tool being connected to a drive-shaft and rotated by an external source such as a drill motor. The rotation of the tool within the pipe progressively causes the pvc pipe to have a momentary elliptical cross-sectional shape as the tool rotates within the previously round pipe, without rotating the pipe. As the tool passes down (or "screws down") through the pipe, the pipe re-assumes its circular cross-sectional shape, and original diameter, but only after its larger-dimension elliptical cross-section has pressurized the earth duct and increased its diameter to about an inch greater than its initial (unpressured) circular diameter.