Abstract: A method for measuring the mass flow rate of individual components of a two-phase medium comprises feeding a flow of a medium to be measured through a hollow pendulum, imparting undamped oscillations to the pendulum, measuring energy required to maintain a constant oscillation velocity, the mass flow of the medium being assumed proportional to the measured energy value and the average density of the medium being assumed proportional to the measured fundamental frequency of the pendulum, and determining mass flow of each component from mathematical relationships.An apparatus for carrying out the method for measuring mass the flow rate of individual components of a two-phase medium comprises a sealed housing accommodating a hollow pendulum supported therein. The housing mounts an electromagnetic coil for imparting undamped oscillations to the pendulum and an electromagnetic coil for converting oscillation velocity.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer having a temperature compensated probe.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring specific gravity of fluids such as urine. The apparatus includes a housing and a hollow tube mounted in the housing and open at both ends. The housing is adapted for communication with a source of fluid to be introduced into one end of the hollow tube. The housing is also adapted for connection of pressure differential structure to the other end of the hollow tube for causing fluid to flow from the fluid source through the hollow tube. The tube is vibrated with the fluid therein and electronic response means are employed to measure the vibration frequency of the tube and sample therein and compare the measurement with a predetermined reference frequency to determine the specific gravity of the fluid. The forces to vibrate the tube are produced electromagnetically by impressing an alternating current on the tube itself which is located within the field of a magnet.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer having a probe including a hollow cylinder.

Abstract: A plug for a vibration densitometer probe to obviate calibration shifts caused for a number of reasons.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the density of a fluid including a coil assembly comprising a housing of magnetic material having first and second circular end walls and a cylindrical permanent magnet disposed between and interconnecting said first and second end walls, said second end wall having means defining a centrally disposed circular aperture therein; a pole piece which extends from the first end wall and into the said aperture; and a coil which is mounted in the housing with the said pole piece extending axially therethrough, magnetic flux passing outwardly of the housing only through said aperture and being focussed by the latter.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer having a permanent magnet biased magnetostrictive drive unit.

Abstract: A plug for a vibration densitometer probe to obviate calibration shifts caused for a number of reasons.

Abstract: Vibration densitometer probes having vanes with central weights notched to vibrate at the same frequency when immersed in a fluid at the same density.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer including an electromechanical oscillator having an automatic phase control.

Abstract: A density transducer employs a hollow cylinder capable of vibrating in the circumferential (or hoop) mode as the density sensing element, the cylinder being open at both ends and arranged so that the fluid whose density is to be transduced can come into contact with only the internal surface of the cylinder. The opposite ends of the cylinder are each secured to a respective clamping ring, which establishes a node at its respective end of the cylinder. The clamping rings each have a piston face which faces axially away from the cylinder and is acted on by the pressure of the fluid, thereby applying a compressive axial force to the cylinder which tends to reduce the effect of variations in the pressure of the fluid on the frequency of the vibration.

Abstract: A continuous, in-line bulk density instrument is described which provides real time monitoring of a product stream consisting of a free flowing powder. The instrument utilizes a cylindrical tube pendulum whose period of oscillation is measured to determine the bulk density of the powder flowing therethrough.

Abstract: Apparatus in a card for sensing and controlling the relative speeds of the feed and doffer rolls in accordance with the sliver density as sensed by error detection circuitry responding to the amount of a transduced compression wave in the sonic ultrasonic range which passes through the sliver.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the density of a dirty fluid, said apparatus comprising a hollow body adapted to have said dirty fluid passing through its interior; a rigid support member within which the hollow body is mounted and to which it is connected to provide a space therebetween adapted to contain a clean fluid; drive means for exciting said hollow body to vibrate at a resonant frequency; detecting means for detecting a density signal representative of the frequency of such vibrations, the frequency of said density signal in operation being dependent upon the density of said dirty fluid; and pressure transmitting means for transmitting the pressure of dirty fluid passing through the interior of the hollow body to the clean fluid in said space, so that the exterior of the hollow body is always subjected to substantially the same pressure as the interior thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring a physical property of a fluid material, such as concentration, that varies nonlinearly relative to the density of the fluid by measuring the density of the fluid and then injecting a fixed amount of a second miscible fluid having a density different from the density of the first fluid, and measuring the density of the combined fluids whereby the differences in the two measurements is an indication of the nonlinear physical property of the first fluid. Recording the measurements on a recorder, and recording the first measurement at a zeroing point on the recorder in which the scale of the recorder is a difference in the first and second measurements versus the property being measured. The zeroing point may be selected at the point where the density measurements are the same for both the first and second measurements.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer having a strain gage pick-up to serve at least four functions one at a time or to serve two, three or four functions in any combination of two, three or four. The strain gage is bonded to or may embody a vibrating vane or body to be immersed in a fluid. The strain gage may be bonded to a vane with glass or an epoxy or other uniting agent. If glass is used, the densitometer may undergo unusually high temperatures and still perform reliably and accurately. The strain gage may be used (1) as a pick-up in an electromechanical oscillator embodied in the densitometer, (2) as a portion of a fluid temperature indicator, (3) for instrument frequency error correction (computable in two ways) as function of temperature, and (4) for producing an indication of what the fluid density would be at a selected constant temperature.

Abstract: An improved well for a densitometer probe for immersion in a pipeline around the probe to effect a flow of a portion of the fluid flowing in the pipeline through the improved well and through and around the probe while increasing the usable range of the instrument.

Abstract: A vibration densitometer probe with a shield and well which have solved a calibration shift problem involving a calibration shift that occurred when the probe was placed in different gases or in the hollow interiors or pipelines of different sizes or geometries or the probe was placed in the same container or pipeline with different orientations. Unusual shield perforations and ports also improve operation.

Abstract: Apparatus for determining the density of a liquid comprises a resilient tube coupled at each end through resilient couplings to support flanges for connection in a pipeline or the like. Two cantilevers of the same material and cross section as the tube are secured to the tube so that they have a common axis parallel to that of the tube and their free ends are directed towards each other. The tube and cantilever are so excited that they vibrate in antiphase at the same transverse frequency of vibration, the frequency of the vibration being dependent upon the density of liquid in the tube. The cantilevers are provided with an annular collar at their free ends such that when the tube is filled with a liquid of a predetermined density the root shear force and bending moment of each cantilever cancels those of the tube.