Abstract: A method and apparatus for assembling a fluid conduit assembly and testing the fluid conduit for leaks. Clipping devices support fasteners at a position remote from the conduit. According to the invention the fasteners can be loaded into clip nests provided by the clipping devices while leak testing of the conduit is performed. The performance of these steps simultaneously effectively eliminates the conventional requirement of pre-loading installation fasteners into the leak testing apparatus, and thus reduces the overall time required for the testing and assembly of fluid conduits by approximately one third. If the leak test is successful, all of the fasteners are then moved to the conduits and closed to integrate the conduit assembly.

Abstract: A leak detector for an insulated duct carrying pressurized hot air comprises a cuff secured over a circumferential cut in the insulation of the duct, thereby creating a reservoir of hot air which has leaked from the duct, a manifold defining a conduit therein in communication with the hot air reservoir and a cap for securing heat sensitive wires to manifold at the end of the conduit such that the hot air from the hot air reservoir impinges directly on the heat sensitive wires.

Abstract: A pump housing that contains a pump that draws fuel from an underground storage tank containing fuel to deliver to fuel dispensers in a service station environment. The pump is coupled to a double-walled fuel pipe that carries the fuel from the pump to the fuel dispensers. The double-walled fuel piping contains an inner annular space that carries the fuel and an outer annular space that captures any leaked fuel from the inner annular space. The outer annular space is maintained through the fuel piping from the pump to the fuel dispensers so that the outer annular space can be pressurized by a pump to determine if a leak exists in the outer annular space or so that fuel leaked from the inner annular space can be captured by a leak containment chamber in the pump housing.

Abstract: A hydraulic monitoring method and apparatus provides a monitoring system which replaces the void or air space within the interstitial/annular volume of double wall piping with an inert environmentally safe, food grade, hydraulic liquid. Monitoring of the liquid provides rapid, real time sensing of any alarm phase or mode. The method identifies primary piping failures or any secondary containment piping breech or wall penetration with an immediate level change within the fluid sensor monitor reservoirs. If the fluid level decreases, a breech in the secondary containment piping is evidenced. If the fluid level increases, a primary piping wall failure is indicated. This level change can be electronically monitored for rapid system alert and/or system/pump shutdown.

Abstract: Measurements are obtained by a computing unit based on an output Vh from an indirectly-heated constant-temperature controlling flow rate measuring section (16) and an output Vout from a two-constant-point temperature difference detecting flow rate measuring sections (18a, 18b). In the flow rate measuring section (16), a heating element (163) is feedback-controlled based on a detected temperature by a heat sensing element (162) to obtain an output Vh based on the feedback-controlled condition. An output Vout is obtained from flow rate measuring sections (18a, 18b) based on the detected temperature difference between a heat sensing element (182) disposed on the liquid-flow-direction upstream side of the flow rate measuring section (16) and a temperature sensing element disposed on the downstream side.

Abstract: An improved testing device for testing a drainage or plumbing system for vertical piping is provided which allows the tester to determine which particular floor is being currently checked for leaks at any time during the test. The testing device includes a tee disposed in fluid tight series communication between a drainage system and drain. A controller means is included which utilizes a ball valve to prevent water spillage during removal of the testing device when testing the drainage system for leaks. A ball valve actuator facilitates actuation of the ball valve. A closure plug assembly is provided which includes multiple ports adapted to accommodate a valve stem of the controller means and a fillgauge apparatus. A fluid elevation gauge provides tester with a visual readout of water elevational levels. A lightweight container is provided to store the testing device to facilitate transportability.

Abstract: Measuring elements for the output of measured quantities in respect of the flow, namely the flow quantity and direction, the water pressure and the flow noise are integrated in a measurement probe (1) for water supply networks (13), whereby all these measuring elements are connected or can be connected to a data collector (12) by means of transmission by radio, modem or cable connection. The measurement probes are installed permanently at the key points (10) and at the most varied measurement points (11) following one another as closely as possible in the water supply network (13) and can thus contribute, by delivering all the necessary data, to the rapid tracing of leaks with pinpoint accuracy as well as to constant monitoring.

Abstract: A system is provided for testing a flexible tube. First and second hollow mandrels are inserted into opposing ends of the tube. Each mandrel has a conically tapered portion at one end thereof and a cylindrical portion extending from the conically tapered portion. The cylindrical portion has a plurality of annular indentations formed thereabout. Each of a plurality of clamps encircle the tube in line with one annular indentation to sealably engage the tube. A fluid delivery system is coupled between the cylindrical portions of the mandrels to deliver a flow of fluid through the tube via the mandrels. A measured strain producing load, continuous or cyclical, is applied by an apparatus which controllably moves the first mandrel relative to the second mandrel such that a cross-sectional shape of the tube between the mandrels is altered.

Abstract: A device and method for measuring the back pressure in chemical reactor tubes includes many automated features. Inflatable tube seals may be automatically inflated. The device may measure several tubes at once. It may transmit data electronically to a remote computer for analysis and graphic display.

Abstract: A vacuum generator that is coupled to a double-walled fuel supply piping internal to a fuel dispenser that carries the fuel from the underground storage tank to the hose and nozzle of the fuel dispenser. The double-walled fuel supply piping contains an inner piping that carries the fuel. An interstitial space is formed by the space between the inner piping and an outer piping that surrounds the inner piping to capture any leaked fuel from the inner piping. The interstitial space is coupled to a vacuum created by the vacuum generator to determine if a leak exists in the interstitial space. The vacuum generator may be a standalone unit or may be a submersible turbine pump that also pumps fuel from the underground storage tank to the fuel dispenser.

Abstract: A monitoring system for leak prevention and leak detection in a pipe line through which a liquid, particularly a petroleum product, passes. The system includes a fitting having two ports. Both ports are connected to an interstitial area surrounding the pipe through which the liquid passes. One port is also connected to a liquid leakage detection device and the other port is connected to a device for preventing liquid leakage to the ambient area.

Abstract: In a fluid leakage detection apparatus, hydrogen is supplied from a hydrogen tank to an FC stack of a fuel cell via first and second pipes. An inlet valve is provided between the hydrogen tank and the first pipe, and an outlet valve is provided between the first pipe and the second pipe. A controller serves to control valve opening a valve closing operation of the inlet and outlet valves, respectively. Those valves are closed in a state where the pressure within the hydrogen tank is made lower than the pressure within the first pipe, and the pressure within the second pipe is made lower than the pressure within the first pipe by operating those valves. Thereafter, the increase or decrease in the pressure within the first pipe is detected by a pressure gauge such that the leakage in the inlet valve or the outlet valve is determined. This makes it possible to detect the leakage both in the inlet valve and the outlet valve at the same time.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pumping skid that may comprise a skid structure, a high volume pump, a battery of high-pressure pumps, a chemical water treating tank, a docking plate and a bouyancy compensator. More specifically, the skid is carried by a subsea vechicle (hereinafter “SV”) that provides the power to the pumps located on the skid to inject water/chemical, pressurize the water, dewater, and dry, the pipeline. The present invention may be part of the commissioning of a new or old pipeline or a new portion of a pipeline in which a purging of the line with a compressed gas and drying of the line is required. After commissioning, product flows through the pipeline.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a method which allows to determine the wall friction profile along pipes transporting liquids, particularly petroleum industry liquids, by measuring the pressure transients induced by fast changes in the flow rate. This method is applicable to pipes in which the discharge pressure is greater then the bubble point of the transported liquid and, in any case, when free gas is absent in the pipe.

Abstract: A leak detection apparatus includes one or more detection devices that envelope the various pipe joints of a liquid circulation cooling system. In one approach, the detection devices include a pair of conductors separated by a wicking material impregnated with a crystalline salt that provides a low resistance electrical path between the conductors in the presence of a leak. In another approach, the detection devices include a pair of dissimilar metal mesh electrodes separated by an electrolyte-impregnated wicking material to form a water-activated battery that energizes an alarm in the presence of a leak. In either case, the electrodes and wicking material may be encased with a water-activated sealing material that hardens in the presence of a leak to contain the leakage.

Abstract: A method and system for the controlled application of fluid pressure of a load, such as a large pipe to be pressure t sted utilized small pressure converters which are operated by a common controller at the hydraulic side to fill and pressurize the pipe. One pressure converter is decelerated as it approaches th end of its working stroke while the other pressure converter is accelerated so that the total displacement of the pressurizing fluid remains substantially constant over time.

Abstract: A device and method for measuring the back pressure in chemical reactor tubes includes many automated features. Inflatable tube seals may be automatically inflated. The device may measure several tubes at once. It may transmit data electronically to a remote computer for analysis and graphic display.

Abstract: A pressure test cap includes a mounting collar with an outer rib to limit depth of insertion of the cap into a pipe. A closure disc which seals the mounting collar is connected to the collar through an inner rim by a weakened ring. An outer rim section registers with the inner rim so that impacts to the outer rim are transferred to the weakened ring to separate the disc from the collar. The closure disc includes a centrally positioned nipple for connection of a conduit of a pressurized test fluid source. The nipple is closed by a break-away nipple plug. The nipple plug has a centrally located indentation for piercing to bleed trapped air from the system and resealing by a screw.

Abstract: A quick-coupling union for oil and gas tubular members that provides a more stable joint connection, a redundant seal arrangement, and a method for pressure testing the seals. The union and sealing arrangement includes an elongated tubular receiving member, further including a central longitudinal cavity therein for receiving an elongated tubular insertion member and an external port in communication with the cavity, at least two sealing members located within the cavity defined by the insertion and receiving members and the dual seals being capable of providing a positive seal between the insertion member and the receiving member the union, further including a nut slidable upon the insertion member for threadably locking the insertion member relative to the receiving member, the sealing members being spaced apart in a manner whereby the external port is interposed between the dual sealing members when the union is fully engaged, thus defining a means for applying a pressure there upon.

Abstract: A device for measuring the back pressure in chemical reactor tubes includes many automated features. Inflatable tube seals may be automatically inflated. The device may measure several tubes at once. It may transmit data electronically to a remote computer for analysis and graphic display.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement for inspecting sewer pipes or the like. The arrangement comprises a flush unit (8) that has ample room to move in a sewer pipe (10) and at the proximal end (EP) thereof substantially backwards pointing nozzles (18), a flexible flush hose (9) and liquid pressurizing means (20) in order to create a flow of the pressurized liquid (VH) through the nozzles to the sewer pipe. In addition, the arrangement comprises a camera unit n (1) including: a fish-eye lens or another lens, and in front of the lens a rotation symmetrical curved mirror, these constituting optical image forming means (5), a number of radially outwards pointed lenses in order to create an image of the circumferential zone (Ki) on the inner surface of the sewer pipe; an image detector and illumination means (2).

Abstract: An apparatus for testing domestic water piping systems and a method for testing such systems from a washing machine box. The apparatus has a body and a set of flexible detachable hoses. The body has a central elongated member. At the top most portion of the central elongated member is an IPS connection. This IPS connection connects to a 100 PSI gauge. At opposing sides of the uppermost portion of the central elongated member are second IPS connections. Connected to these PS connections is a compression 90° elbow. At the other end of the compression 90° elbow is a third IPS connection. On the left section of the lowermost portion of the central elongated member is a female garden hose fitting. On the right side of the lowermost portion of II the central elongated member is a pressure bleed valve (shrader valve) controlled by a control knob at its base. Two flexible detachable hoses are provided each having a female hose connection at one end and a nut at the remaining end.

Abstract: A lined tubular system and method provides for the manipulation and control of annular fluids in channels (18) between the tubular (10) and the liner (17). This structure allows for profiling of the exterior wall of a liner such that one or more continuous channels are provided along the length of the lined tubular system. The system may also include one or more non-crushable members or tubes between the liner's exterior surface and host tubular's interior surface. Rounded, granular particles or spacers in the annulus between the liner and host may provide an alternative path for fluid flow. The particles or spacers may be uniformly or randomly distributed in the annulus.

Abstract: A continuous testing device for a water pipe, comprising a frame, a left fixed plate and a right fixed plate, a tested pipe section, a compensating pipe section, a central plate, two horizontal oil pressure cylinders, a vertical oil pressure cylinder, and a connecting tube. The left and right fixed plates provide fixed bases at left and right ends of the frame. The tested and compensating pipe sections are located between the left and right fixed plates. The tested pipe section is a tube body that allows monitoring. The compensating pipe section, separated from the tested pipe section by the central plate, has an inner space to be filled with liquid to exert a compensating axial force on the tested pipe section. The two horizontal oil pressure cylinders are respectively mounted next to upper and lower sides of the tested pipe section, exerting a horizontal force on the central plate. The vertical oil pressure cylinder is mounted below the central plate, exerting a vertical force on the central plate.

Abstract: A test apparatus for testing the fluid tightness of pipes of different sizes includes a one-piece main body having a tubular portion defining a chamber with a wall, the wall having at least four internally threaded wall portions. Each one of the internally threaded wall portions has a different diameter whereby the main body can be screwed separately onto at least four different diameter externally threaded pipes in a fluid-tight manner. The one-piece main body has a head portion connected with the tubular portion. The head portion has a gauge port in fluid communication with the chamber. The head portion has a test fluid inlet port in fluid communication with the chamber and with the gauge port. The gauge port has the same configuration as the test fluid inlet port whereby a test gauge can be connected in either the gauge port or the test fluid inlet port and a test fluid supply line can be the connected in either the test fluid inlet port or the gauge port.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for completing the commissioning of a subsea pipeline by purging with a compressed gas to dewater and dry the line wherein the operation is done on the seabed. More specifically, the method is carried out with a subsea vechicle (hereinafter “SV”) that powers pumps located on the seabed or are carried by the SV to inject/remove chemical, dewater, and dry, the pipeline. The present invention may be part of the commissioning of a new or old pipeline or a new portion of a pipeline in which a purging of the line with a compressed gas and drying of the line is required. After commissioning, product flows through the pipeline.

Abstract: There is described a method and an apparatus for testing or isolating a section of pipe, the apparatus comprising a cylindrical mandrel for insertion into a section of pipe, the mandrel including at least one portion of progressively increasing diameter, and at least one seal disposed around the mandrel and actuatable in response to applied fluid pressure to move along the increasing diameter portion of the mandrel, causing the seal member to radially expand into sealing contact with an inner surface of the pipe.

Abstract: A unitary removable barrier for installation in a cylindrical water line to selectively block the water line to passage of water therethrough. The unitary removable barrier is composed of a single piece body having at least one cylindrical section sized to receive upstream and downstream pipes of the water line. A unitary planar disk is molded with the cylindrical section and is of a circular circumference which completely blocks the water line when in place but which is selectively removable from the cylindrical section thus removing the barrier to the passage of water through the line.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing plumbing installations including a tool for making an opening through a test cap or other blockage in a fluid-carrying line of a plumbing system. The tool and cap make the testing method possible. During the rough-in plumbing phase of construction, a test cap welded in the drain pipe seals the drain line from the sewer line at the location of the clean-out. Thereafter, the rough-in plumbing system is tested by pressurizing the system through the clean-out on the building side of the cap. Following successful completion of this test, the top-out plumbing is completed, leaving the test cap welded in place. After the roof vents are in, the top-out test of the plumbing system is made, also through the clean-out. After final test and inspection, a special tool constructed in accordance with the present invention is inserted down the clean-out to penetrate and ream-out the test cap.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a waterproof state of a sub insertion portion of a grommet provided in eccentric with a main insertion portion. The apparatus is provided with an enclosure for sealably enclosing an end portion of the sub insertion portion, an air feeder for feeding air for testing to a space in which the sub insertion portion is sealably accommodated, and a judging apparatus for judging whether the sub insertion portion is in a good waterproof state based on a status of the air fed from the air feeder.

Abstract: A plumbing testing device (10) has a pair of aligned and closed pipe sections (12 and 14) with open sides facing in opposite directions. The plumbing testing device (10) is longitudinally collapsible to facilitate removal from between pipe ends (19 and 20). The pipe sections (12 and 14) each have a port (32, 35), a transparent hose (38) connects the ports to one another, and a valve (30) controls the flow of water between the pipe sections (12 and 14) through the hose (38).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for completing the commissioning of a subsea pipeline by purging with a compressed gas to dewater and dry the line wherein the operation is done on the seabed. More specifically, the method is carried out with a subsea vechicle (hereinafter “SV”) that powers pumps located on the seabed or are carried by the SV to inject/remove chemical, dewater, and dry, the pipeline. The present invention may be part of the commissioning of a new or old pipeline or a new portion of a pipeline in which a purging of the line with a compressed gas and drying of the line is required. After commissioning, product flows through the pipeline.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pumping skid that may comprise a skid structure, a high volume pump, a battery of high-pressure pumps, a chemical water treating tank, a docking plate and a bouyancy compensator. More specifically, the skid is carried by a subsea vechicle (hereinafter “SV”) that provides the power to the pumps located on the skid to inject water/chemical, pressurize the water, dewater, and dry, the pipeline. The present invention may be part of the commissioning of a new or old pipeline or a new portion of a pipeline in which a purging of the line with a compressed gas and drying of the line is required. After commissioning, product flows through the pipeline.

Abstract: A tube testing system consists of two subassemblies, the probe and the applicator. The probe uses a stack of Belleville style washers that when compressed allow the locking fingers to relax and the probe to be inserted into the tube. Once the probe is placed in the correct location using the applicator, the Belleville style washers are allowed to expand, locking in the fingers and engaging the urethane seals. As the water fills the tube, the air is pushed through a bleed hole in the mandrel of the probe. The bleed hole leads to a chamber in the top of the probe that contains a plastic ball. The ball floats on water and as the chamber fills, the ball seals off the leak path and the tube can then be pressurized and the test performed. Once the test is complete, the water is drained and using the applicator, the probe is removed from the tube.

Abstract: A leak detection device for double-wall pipeline or container systems has a leak detector with a vacuum pump, a pressure-dependent switch for the vacuum pump, and an alarm device. The leak detector monitors simultaneously several containers. A collecting main is connected to the vacuum pump and by vacuum lines to the containers. Each container has a vacuum connector connected to a control space of the container. The control spaces are parallel connected to the leak detector. Each vacuum line has a first liquid lock arranged at the vacuum connector so as to block liquid that has leaked into the vacuum lines from a leaky container from penetrating into the control spaces of the leak-free containers. A second liquid lock is arranged in the collecting main to prevent liquid from entering the vacuum pump. A measuring line taps the collecting main and is connected to the leak detector.

Abstract: There is described a method and an apparatus for testing or isolating a section of pipe, the apparatus comprising a cylindrical mandrel for insertion into a section of pipe, the mandrel including at least one portion of progressively increasing diameter, and at least one seal disposed around the mandrel and actuatable in response to applied fluid pressure to move along the increasing diameter portion of the mandrel, causing the seal member to radially expand into sealing contact with an inner surface of the pipe.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for completing the commissioning of a subsea pipeline by purging with a compressed gas to dewater and dry the line wherein the operation is done on the seabed. More specifically, the method is carried out with a subsea vechicle (hereinafter “SV”) that powers pumps located on the seabed or are carried by the SV to inject/remove chemical, dewater, and dry, the pipeline. The present invention may be part of the commissioning of a new or old pipeline or a new portion of a pipeline in which a purging of the line with a compressed gas and drying of the line is required. After commissioning, product flows through the pipeline.

Abstract: A device for measuring the back pressure in chemical reactor tubes includes many automated features. Inflatable tube seals may be automatically inflated. The device may measure several tubes at once. It may transmit data electronically to a remote computer for analysis and graphic display.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a time of occurrence of a pressure wave in a pipe provides a first sonic transducer and a second sonic transducer at each of a plurality of site locations along a pipe. Sonic waves are generated through a pipewall at a known desired rate. At each of the plurality of site locations, the sonic waves travel from the first sonic transducer to the second sonic transducer through a liquid flow in the pipe. A measure of travel time is set for the sonic waves. The measure is compared to each of the successive travel times for the sonic waves as the sonic waves arrive at the respective second transducers. A string of counts is output at each second transducer. Each count includes a first count value if a present sonic wave has a travel time that is late as compared to the measure. A time of occurrence of the pressure wave is determined based on a reference clock when the string of counts includes a string of first count values longer than a threshold value.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a test chamber within a tubular and internally pressure testing the tubular with a test gas. The apparatus is comprised of a generally cylindrical tester body having first and second spaced-apart sealing assemblies that are expandable against the inner wall of the tubular by a piston assembly so as to form a test chamber defined by the inner wall of the tubular and the expanded seal assemblies. The pistons of the first sealing assembly are gas actuated pistons acting in cooperation with the seals of the first sealing assembly in response to a gas under pressure. The pistons of the second sealing assembly are fluid actuated pistons acting in cooperation with the seals of the second sealing assembly in response to a fluid under pressure. The pressure of the gas and the pressure of the fluid used to actuate the first and second pistons are controlled independently of each other. The gas used to activate the first set of pistons is directed to the test chamber to serve as a test gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for testing a plumbing system in a more dependable and cost-effective manner. During the rough-in plumbing phase of construction, the drain pipe leading from the plumbing system in a building to the city sewer main or main sewer line is positively sealed off by a test cap or plug welded in the pipe at the location of the clean-out. Access to the test cap is maintained through the clean-out. Pressurizing the rough-in plumbing to test the same can then proceed knowing that if any leaks occur, they are in the branch plumbing on the building side of the test cap, and not at or in the test cap. Following successful completion of the initial test, the top-out plumbing job is completed, leaving the test cap welded in the clean-out or drain pipe. After the roof vents are in, the second test of the plumbing system is made, again knowing that if the system shows any leaks, they are the result of a failure in the plumbing work and not a failure of the test cap.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single compact fitting for air, CO2, or nitrogen pressure testing either gas piping or waste piping. Each fitting is used for gas pipes of a particular outside diameter and waste pipes of a single larger diameter. The typical plumber would have a set, for example four, of the inventive fittings available, one for each size waste pipe that is be tested. The inventive fitting couples easily to either gas fuel piping or waste piping. A single air-pressure gauge is used to test either type of piping system. The inventive fitting is not limited to waste, vent, or gas piping systems; it can also be used to couple to other piping systems. The inventive fitting, in addition to being more versatile than conventional air-pressure test fittings, is also smaller and more compact. The inventive fitting can be made from a one-piece core body or from several conventional component pieces.

Abstract: The invention provides a leak detection system comprising a conduit for carrying a fluid or gas and a control device for monitoring leaks in the conduit. The conduit is formed from first and second electrically conductive layers that are electrically insulated from each other. The control device includes an output, for introducing an electric charge to the first and second layers, a detector for detecting changes in the electric charge introduced to layers, and a response switch for triggering a predetermined response when a sufficient change in the electric charge is detected.

Abstract: A test plug for testing the integrity of a pipe includes a blind flange for mating with a pipe flange, a compression mandrel having a conical recess, an expander having a conical surface which mates with the compression mandrel and an elastomeric annular seal positioned between the compression mandrel and the expander. Removeable compression rings of different sizes may be attached to the test plugs and used with different sizes of annular seals. The expander is actuated by a rod which extends through the compression mandrel and to the exterior of the test plug. Installation of the test plug isolates and seals an end portion of the pipe. Fluid under pressure may then be pumped into the isolated segment to test for pressure integrity.

Abstract: A device and a method for pipeline leakage detection. A pipeline leak detector travels through the bore of a pipeline, applies a test pressure to a fluid contained within the pipeline, and measures the resultant rate of change of pressure in the pipeline by using back extrapolation of the test data to determine an initial pressure drop rate. The degree of leakage at a given position in the pipeline is then determined from the rate of change of pressure in the pipeline.

Abstract: A system for pressure testing the seals and fittings associated with at least one communication line passing through a well tool mandrel, each communication line housed within a communication line conduit defined through the well tool and sealingly engaged to each end of its corresponding communication line conduit by way of a fitting and the fittings also sealingly engaged to the communication line conduit. The system generally comprises a testing conduit, a testing passageway system, and a testing plug. The testing conduit is defined in the well tool mandrel. The testing passageway system is defined in the well tool mandrel and provides fluid communication between the testing conduit and the fittings and seals associated with each of the communication line conduits. The testing plug provides fluid communication between a pressure testing source and the testing passageway system.

Abstract: Opposing end fittings of a cylindrical tube pressure test fixture uses slanted abutting surfaces between retaining rings and ferrules that securely clamps a tube under high pressure testing. Retaining ring and ferrule friction and applied radial compression induce shear force upon the tube and prevent leaks during pressure testing.

Abstract: A method of detecting a break in a transfer line transporting a fluid product between a first vessel and a second vessel includes sensing a current pressure of fluid product associated with the transfer line. A highest sensed pressure of the fluid product is continually tracked, and a trip pressure is defined. The trip pressure increases to new multiple value(s) at any or many of a possible multiple number of times when the highest sensed pressure increases. The method further includes detecting when the current sensed pressure drops below the trip pressure to detect a break in the transfer line, via use of a pressure sensor in or in fluid communication with the transfer line. A method of automatically shutting off transfer of fluid product between a first vessel and a second vessel includes a step for shutting off the transfer of fluid product between the first vessel and the second vessel.