Abstract: One or more bolt gauges each with a built-in load cell are positioned on a blade bolt or a bearing bolt between a pitch bearing and a tightening means and tensioned by the securing means at the inside or the outside of a hub of a wind turbine. The bolt gauge then outputs a signal descending both from the tension from the bolt/securing means connection and the tension from the blade when the blade is vibrated due to wind forces and the rotation of the blade when the hub of the wind turbine is rotating.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a method for detection and automatic identification of defects in rolling bearings applicable in diagnosing rolling bearings and detecting damage in a very early stage of its occurrence. The inventive method in which the vibrations of a bearing in operation are measured, the measured analogue signals are converted to digital data which are filtered and next shock pulses are detected, whereupon defects present in the tested bearing or bearings are identified, characterized in that the detection of shock pulses is done using shock pulse likelihood ratio (Ms).

Abstract: A method for optimally operating mechanically loaded, moved, particularly rotating components, such as gearboxes, wherein in the operating stage damage accumulation is used to evaluate the influence of a collective load on the lifespan of the loaded rotating components, the moving components (1) being divided into a plurality of segments (5-10) for determining individual collective loads (6; 18).

Abstract: The present invention describes a system for taking the necessary energy for operating the electronic circuit for monitoring a bearing (A) directly from the rotation movement, namely from the kinetic energy of the bearing i.e by energy harvesting or scavenging. All information read on board the bearing (A) by the sensors (4a, 4b) are sent through radio with a wireless communication system to an external data collecting and processing unit (6), that is able to evaluate and communicate the status of the bearing (A) being analyzed. The preferred system embodiment provides that the generator (1) bases its operation on the gyroscope (or Coriolis force) effect a circuit (7) for accumulating the necessary energy for turning the system on.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a system that analyzes telemetry data from a computer system. During operation, the system obtains the telemetry data as a set of telemetric signals from the computer system and validates the telemetric signals using a nonlinear, nonparametric regression technique. Next, the system assesses the integrity of a power supply unit (PSU) in the computer system by comparing the telemetric signals to one or more reference telemetric signals associated with the computer system. If the assessed integrity falls below a threshold, the system performs a remedial action for the computer system.

Abstract: Methods are provided for monitoring acoustic emissions from machinery using one or more acoustic sensing devices each mounted to respective mounting regions of the machinery to expose them to progogating sound waves. Detection signals corresponding to the sound waves are transmitted to measuring instrumentation for display, as desired.

Abstract: This present invention is a device having a mechanical bearing formed by two coaxial rings, one fixed relative to the machine and the other rotating, between which at least one rolling element is moveably positioned, at least one non-conducting positioning arrangements secured to the fixed bearing ring, the positioning arrangements including at least one placement holder for at least one conducting element forming a first plate of a capacitor, at a distance from a conducting part of the rotating ring forming the second plate of the capacitor, and with the positioning arrangements attached to at least one partitioning arrangements, the partitioning arrangements being used to create a space between the two plates, thus forming a dielectric insulating medium, and to act as a sealed enclosure for this insulating medium by being in contact with a part of the surface of the rotating ring.

Abstract: A state detecting apparatus S for detecting a current operating state of an LM (linear motion) system includes an AE sensor 1 generating a detection signal Sae by detecting an AE wave elastically generated when a plurality of balls contained in the LM system revolve in a circulation portion while spinning themselves; and a signal processing unit 4 generating a parameter indicating an intensity of the AE wave based on only the detection signal Sae corresponding to an operating frequency of the ball, and uses the parameter to determine a lubrication state of the LM system. Thereby, it is possible to provide the state detecting apparatus capable of predicting failure occurrence in the LM system; providing an improved maintenance to a user of the LM system and further longer lifetime thereof; and providing a performance guarantee and an improved quality of a device or equipment manufactured using the LM system.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe is provided that is capable of preventing the probe's position from being displaced due to wire slippage on a drive pulley and a swing pulley while swinging. The ultrasonic probe includes an ultrasonic transducer unit emitting ultrasonic waves while swinging. Furthermore, a wire is attachable to the ultrasonic probe, which allows for the adjustment of a position angle of an ultrasonic transducer unit in swing operation without the use of a position angle sensor.

Abstract: A method for transforming machine sensor data between a time domain and a combustion pulse domain is disclosed. The method may include determining a number of pulse events per rotation of a shaft and determining a sampling rate per pulse event. The method may also include sampling one or more sensors at the sampling rate per pulse event. The method also may include transforming the samples into the combustion pulse domain.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for assessing deterioration in a gearbox. Data is obtained from an operating gearbox regarding harmonic frequencies and their related sidebands generated as a consequence of the gearbox operation. In a first embodiment, a Sideband Energy Ratio (SER) is calculated by dividing the amplitude of the sum of sideband signals associated with a harmonic to the amplitude of the harmonic. In a second embodiment, a SER is calculated based on sideband amplitudes associated with adjacent harmonics. The ratio may be monitored over time or compared to one or more values to provide an indication of deterioration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring blade vibrations in a turbine engine having blade tip target portions associated with blades. An illumination conduit including a plurality of optical fibers conveys light from a light source to a transmission end of the optical fibers where the light is focused to define an axially elongated projected image. The blade tip target portions pass through the projected image and reflect light to a receptor array defined by receptor ends of a plurality of optical fibers forming an imaging conduit for conveying the reflected light to a sensor array. An imaging end of the imaging conduit radiates an image onto the sensor array that is identical to the reflected light image received at the receptor array to track tangential and axial movement of a predetermined point on the target portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the vibration characteristics of a head gimbal assembly can grasp resonant characteristics at high frequencies and efficiently measure the vibration characteristics of the head gimbal assembly, the apparatus has a shaker head to which the head gimbal assembly is attached, the shaker head has a main body made of ceramics and a fixture made of metal, the fixture is solidly fixed to the main body and is provided with positioning pins and an internal thread, the head gimbal assembly is supported with a mount block, and the mount block has positioning holes to be fitted to the positioning pins of the fixture and a joined part to be removably fastened to the internal thread of the fixture.

Abstract: A failure detect device detects the presence of a failure in a peripheral member of a rotary shaft by analyzing a vibration generated in a device provided with the rotary shaft when the rotary shaft is rotated. A vibration detection unit detects the vibration of the device, and a rotation speed detection unit detects a rotation speed of the rotary shaft. An analysis unit calculates a frequency spectrum of the vibration of the device and determines an actually measured vibration level at each vibration order by dividing a frequency component of the calculated frequency spectrum by the rotation speed of the rotary shaft. A detection unit detects the presence of a failure in the peripheral member on the basis of the actually measured vibration level at each vibration order.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for monitoring the dynamic behavior, in particular of the oscillating behavior of a rotating shaft, the oscillation being detected by at least two sensors at defined different spatial position, the oscillating behavior in at least one preferred direction being determined from the oscillation. The invention also relates to a device for monitoring oscillating behavior in a rotary machine with rotable parts, having at least two sensors, a shaft and a computing unit, characterized in that the at least two sensors are positioned in a defined spatial position outside the shaft, detect measurement variables which characterize the oscillations and are connected to a computing unit for the transfer of data. The invention also relates to a gas turbine and a steam turbine that use a method and a device as per the invention.

Abstract: A machine has at least two wheels (at least one of them driven) arranged on a base body and connected with a revolving belt. A transmitter and a receiver are arranged on the base body. The transmitter transmits contactless to the belt a transmitted signal having an oscillation frequency, with the receiver from the belt a reflected signal in response to the transmitted signal. An evaluation device connected to the receiver checks if the reflected signal received by the receiver satisfies an acquisition condition indicating that a speed of the belt is in a predetermined speed range. The evaluation device determines, if the acquisition condition is satisfied, a frequency spectrum which is based of the oscillation frequency and the reflected signal in the predetermined speed range and indicative of a mechanical oscillation characteristic of the belt, and generates a control signal based on the evaluated frequency spectrum.

Abstract: The claimed invention provides a blade vibration measuring system comprising a blade, a transmitter, a target with non parallel edges located on the blade shroud and a receiver. The present invention also provides a blade adapted for measuring blade vibration. Furthermore, the claimed invention provides a method for monitoring blade vibration.

Abstract: A defect detection method of a turbine generator end ring includes a first ultrasonic testing step of conducting ultrasonic testing by an angle beam technique to the turbine generator end ring, a second ultrasonic testing step of conducting, when an indication echo is detected by the first ultrasonic testing step, ultrasonic testing by a focusing straight beam technique to a portion of the turbine generator end ring from which an indication echo is detected and an interpretation step of interpreting whether the indication echo is a defect echo or a false echo based on a testing result by the second ultrasonic testing step.

Abstract: Provided is a bearing state diagnostic apparatus in which a sound generated from a bearing is detected by a sound sensor, a detected value of the sound sensor is compared with data which was previously formed, thereby diagnosing a state of the bearing, wherein at least one sound sensor is disposed at a position separated away from an outer surface of a cylindrical support body in which at least one bearing is accommodated, the corresponding bearing and sound sensor are in communication with each other through a detection sound propagation path.

Abstract: A method for testing a bearing component in order to ensure that the bearing surface and a load-bearing region located underneath the bearing surface are in a perfect condition. A material testing depth containing the point of maximum mechanical load during operation is determined. In a first partial testing step, the bearing component is subjected to an ultrasound test by which the material region underneath the bearing surface is tested for defects by ultrasound, at least up to the material testing depth. In a second partial testing step, a full optical test of the bearing surface is carried out During the second partial testing step, the actual surface state of the bearing surface is compared with a nominal surface state. The bearing component is then only classified as faultless if the results of the two partial testing steps do not reveal any defects.

Abstract: A portable apparatus for determining testing the condition of a machine or device using ultrasonic signals with an array of ultrasonic sensors for receiving an ultrasonic signal transmitted from the machine or device. The apparatus possesses a heterodyne circuit coupled to receive the output signals from the ultrasonic sensors and convert the output signals to a heterodyned audio signal to be analyzed via a digital spectrum analyzer integral to the portable apparatus. The digital spectrum analyzer performs real-time fast fourier transformations on the heterodyned audio signal. After analyzing the signals, the hand held device uses a variety of audiovisual cues to direct a user to portions of the machine in need of repair or monitoring.

Abstract: A bearing vibration measuring device for a turbo machine in which an outer housing and an inner housing are held concentrically at a distance from one another by way of at least one strut is provided. A bearing housing is disposed which is accessible from the outer housing through a radially extending access hole in the strut, the device includes a rod with an inner longitudinal end and an outer longitudinal end facing away from the inner longitudinal end, the rod being housed in access hole and being fastened at the inner longitudinal end to the bearing housing and including at least one vibration sensor on the outer longitudinal end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mechanical assembly (10) provided with a sun gear (30) and a plurality of planet gears (50) co-operating with said sun gear (30). Each planet gear (50) includes a vibration sensor (61) forming part of structural anomaly monitoring means, said monitoring means being provided with a control member (63) that communicates with each vibration sensor (61) in order to receive a measurement signal coming from each vibration sensor (61) in order to enable anomaly monitoring to be performed.

Abstract: There is provided a method for troubleshooting noise/vibration issues of rotating components, the method comprising: receiving an audio signal of the rotating components in operation; generating a frequency spectrum corresponding to the audio signal; selecting a frequency ?m in the frequency spectrum corresponding to a maximum amplitude; and comparing the frequency ?m to a set of predetermined rotational speeds of the rotating components to find a match; thereby identifying a potentially defective component.

Abstract: A method of matching sensors in a multi-probe blade vibration monitor for a turbine. The method includes providing at least two probes mounted in a casing of the turbine adjacent to a rotating blade structure of the turbine. Targets are provided on radially outer portions of the blade structure. Each of the probes includes a sensor generating signals corresponding to target passing events, and a set of synchronous harmonics of the rotational speed of the rotor are produced for each sensor. The position of the sensors is adjusted such that the sets of harmonics of the sensors are substantially matched, indicating that the positions of the sensors are matched.

Abstract: A vibration data collection and rotating machinery fault diagnostic instrument includes a machine setup engine, a measurement engine, a diagnostic engine, a measurement user interface module, a machine setup user interface module, and a diagnostic user interface module. The machine setup engine requests and receives parameters about the machinery through the machine setup user interface module. The measurement engine requests and receives sensor placement locations through the measurement user interface module and keeps track of locations that have been measured and locations that still need to be measured. The diagnostic engine diagnoses machinery faults and presents the information to the user through the diagnostic user interface module using an intuitive graphical severity scale.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the reliability of steel in terms of inclusions is characterized in that the inclusions of approximately 100 ?m or less in maximum inclusion size are evaluated by microscopy combined with the extreme-value statistical analysis; the inclusions of approximately 100 ?m or greater in maximum inclusion size are evaluated by the ultrasonic flaw detection testing performed at a frequency of 5 to 25 MHz; and the reliability of the steel is evaluated based on the results of the extreme-value statistical analysis applied to the results of the microscopy and the results of the ultrasonic flaw detection testing combined.

Abstract: Device and method for recording vibrations transmitted from a vehicle to a person. The person is using a cushioned and preferably sprung vehicle seat of a vehicle by way of at least one detector unit for detecting vibration values, whereby the detector unit is arranged on the vehicle seat frame or an associated component and an analysis unit for analyzing the vibration values detected calculates vibration results for the vibration acting on the person using a preset transmission function.

Abstract: A front wheel drive bearing defect amplifier is attached to a wheel gauge mount. The amplifier includes a magnet which is positioned approximately at the center of the wheel assembly. A spacing block, including a hollow aluminum handle, is pivotally mounted onto the magnet. A shaft or pin interconnects the magnet and the aluminum block and allows rotation of the magnet, in fixed engagement with the wheel assembly. The shaft is loosely fitted through a hole in the block. Opposite ends of the shaft are rigidly secured with the magnet so as to rotate with the magnet. An aluminum tube defines a handle having one end of the handle force fitted into an opening in the aluminum block. An opposite end of the aluminum tube or handle is to be held by the hand of the operator.

Abstract: A visual inspection system for ceramic balls inspects flaws in the surface of ceramic balls, and includes an oil tank holding oil, a rotation device for rotating a ceramic ball targeted for inspection that is immersed in the oil in the oil tank, so that detection of the ceramic ball is possible along a meridian, an imaging means for imaging the entire surface of the ceramic ball rotated by the rotation device, an image processing means for image processing an image imaged by the imaging means, and an assessing means for assessing the presence of flaws in the ceramic ball based on image data resulting from the image processing.

Abstract: An evaluation method for a rolling bearing part capable of easily and properly detecting deformation of the rolling contact surface of the rolling bearing part formed of raceway rings or rolling element of a rolling bearing. First, the order and amplitude of waviness on the rolling contact surface of the rolling bearing part are obtained by harmonic analysis for the circularity of the rolling contact surface. The order and amplitude of waviness so obtained are logarithmically converted, and the regression line showing a relation between the logarithmically converted order of waviness and the amplitude of waviness is obtained. Based on the deviation from the regression line, the deformation of the rolling contact surface is evaluated.

Abstract: An ultrasonic probe performs flaw detection of a high (t/D) metal pipe. The front end portion of a transducer has at least a portion with an asymmetrically curved shape having a radius of curvature which progressively increases from one end towards the other end of the front end portion. The probe is disposed with respect to the pipe with its end having the smaller radius of curvature positioned on the side away from the direction of propagation of refracted waves, the end having a larger radius of curvature thereof positioned on the side in the direction of propagation of refracted waves. Angle beam flaw detection is carried out such that incident waves are generated which generate refracted longitudinal waves which do not reach the inner surface of the metal pipe and refracted transverse waves which are focused on the inner surface of the pipe.

Abstract: Embodiments of a mechanical device to facilitate in-situ measurements of vibration associated with a corresponding component in a computer system are described. This mechanical device includes a housing that has approximately a same mass as the component, approximately a same distribution of mass about a geometric center of the component, and approximately a same form factor as the component. Moreover, the mechanical device includes one or more vibration sensors, which are mechanically coupled to the housing, and which are configured to perform the in-situ vibration measurements.

Abstract: A method for predicting a blade structure failure within a coupled blade structure including a plurality of blades supported for rotation on a rotor and a shroud structure coupling the blades. The method includes the steps of determining displacements of a plurality of predetermined circumferential locations on the shroud structure during rotation of the blade row, where the displacements are provided as a function of time relative to the periodic rotation of the shroud structure for time intervals that are integer multiples of rotor rotation. A signal characteristic related to vibrational mode and a nodal diameter of the shroud structure is derived based on the displacements of the circumferential locations on the shroud structure.

Abstract: A device for attachment to a motor vehicle wheel includes an arrangement which, during movement or driving of the motor vehicle, detects vibrations which occur, evaluates the vibrations for an incipient fault state of a wheel bearing of the vehicle wheel, and delivers a signal when the monitoring or evaluation yields or indicates the incipient fault state.

Abstract: A abnormality diagnosing apparatus used in a machine equipment including a rotating or sliding part relative to a stationary member includes a detecting portion 31 fixed to the rotating or sliding part or the stationary member and including a vibration sensor 32 and a temperature sensor 33, and a signal processing portion 81 for determining a state of the part from a detecting signal outputted by the detecting portion 31. The signal processing portion 81 determines presence or absence of a abnormality, or presence or absence of the abnormality and a degree of a damage of the part based on a combination of a measured result by the vibration sensor 32 and a measured result by the temperature sensor 33.

Abstract: An ultrasonic testing apparatus for a turbine fork of a turbine blade joined to a turbine disc, comprising: an ultrasonic testing sensor; a sensor mounting apparatus for mounting the ultrasonic testing sensor on a flat portion on a side surface of the turbine fork with the turbine blade joined to the turbine disc; and an ultrasonic testing apparatus for inspecting internal and external surfaces of the turbine fork by using reflected waves, which is received by the ultrasonic testing sensor, from the internal surface of the turbine fork.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for monitoring vibrations in a blade structure of a turbine including generating signals from a probe located adjacent to a radial outer edge of the blade structure to provide signals corresponding to vibrations at predetermined locations along the tips of the blades. A leading edge of a blade tip is detected during a blade tracking operation, and a known location along the length of the blade tips is monitored during a vibration measurement operation. The measurement operation may be performed simultaneously with the tracking operation to provide measurements as the axial location of the blades change during transitional modes of operation of the turbine.

Abstract: A device (10) for measuring the running behavior of a gear pair having a rolling device (12) which comprises one spindle (15, 16) per gear (13, 14) and has at least one drive (17; 18) for driving one of the gears (13, 14). Furthermore, a structure-borne noise sensor (20), a sequence controller (30), and a speed sensor system (23, 24) are provided. The sequence controller (30) is designed in such way that a combined test of the gear pair may be performed, in which, in a first search run, a specific installation position is ascertained using structure-borne noise testing and subsequently a single-flank working test is performed at the specific installation position.

Abstract: A method for testing ball bearings includes applying a Hertzian contact stress on a ball bearing to provide a fracture of the ball bearing that releases acoustic energy, establishing a signal representing the acoustic energy, and identifying occurrence of the fracture based upon the signal.

Abstract: A method of monitoring vibrations in a blade structure of a turbine including generating signals from a sensor located adjacent to a radial outer edge of the blade structure to sense passage of targets located on the blade structure. The sensor is mounted eccentrically and the signals are obtained with the sensor located at different angular positions. In a first aspect of the invention, the signals from the sensor are used to determine a target slope angle of a target on a first turbine blade during operation of the turbine. In a second aspect of the invention, the signals from the sensor are used to position the sensor in response to a sensed variation in the axial position of the target on the first turbine blade.

Abstract: A method is provided for analyzing vibrations of a variable speed rotating body. The method includes producing a signal that is proportional to an acceleration of the rotating body and producing a plurality of pulses. Each pulse represents a revolution of the rotating body and is indicative of a vibration sample at a rotational position of the rotating body. The signal is converted to a numeric value that is indicative of a vibrational amplitude of the rotating body. The plurality of pulses are converted to revolution time periods indicative of a rotational rate of the rotating body. The method also includes producing a harmonic vibrational amplitude at a harmonic of the rotational rate of the rotating body, and representing a phase of the harmonic vibrational amplitude relative to the rotational position of the rotating body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for identifying a damaged bearing (4a, 4b) of a rotating shaft (1). According to the invention: the rotational speed (n) of the shaft (1) is determined; the alternating component (nAC) of the rotational speed (n) is determined, together with a smooth curve (h) of said alternating component (nAC) of the rotational speed (n); the smooth curve (h) is converted into the frequency range and a frequency response (B) of the value of the smooth curve (h) is determined. Said frequency response (B) of the value of the curve is monitored for the passing of a threshold value (G1, G2, G3, G4) and if said threshold value (G1, G2, G3, G4) is exceeded, a damaged bearing (4a, 4b) is identified. The invention thus provides a method and a device for identifying a damaged bearing (4a, 4b) of a rotating shaft (1) of a motor, which do not require a vibration sensor (11) to identify a damaged bearing (4a, 4b) of said shaft (1).

Abstract: A method, system and article adapted for ultrasonic inspection of the article. The article is disk-shaped and has axially-oriented slots circumferentially spaced from each other at a periphery of the article, with members secured at the periphery of the article such that each member has a retention feature that extends into and engages a corresponding one of the slots so as to secure the members to the slots. Cavities are defined by and between the slots and radially-inward extremities of the retention features within the slots. The inspection method and system entail the use of at least one ultrasonic transducer placed within at least a first of the cavities defined by a first of the slots. The transducer is configured and oriented to perform a diagnostic technique on the article by emitting an ultrasonic signal that intersects an interior surface of a second of the slots immediately adjacent the first slot.

Abstract: A method for non-destructive testing of a drive shaft that is accessible by only one of its ends in longitudinal waves, using a multi-element annular ultrasonic transducer. Such a transducer consists of independent elements that can be excited by electrical pulses of the same frequency, but for which different electronic phase shifts will be applied, in the invention, to the pulses transmitted to the elements. Such an electronic phase shift allows the focussing or deflection of a final beam synthesized by all the elements constituting the transducer, the said final beam being concentrated to adopt a generally cylindrical shape with a cross-section that is far smaller than the cross-section of the shaft to be tested and is highly energetic over a long distance due to the waveguide effect created by the cylindrical geometry of the shaft.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high accuracy, inexpensive diagnosis method and system diagnosing an abnormality of a 10 rpm or less very low speed roller bearing using an acoustic signal, that is, detects an acoustic signal emitted from a roller bearing of a 10 rpm or less ultralow speed rotating machine using a sensor having a sound pickup performance of 10 kHz or less, uses frequency analysis to find the spectrum distribution, processes this to obtain the frequency analysis waveform, compares the spectral average value or effective value of a frequency of the natural frequency of the bearing or more of this with a reference value, and judges that the bearing is abnormal when this spectral average value or effective value exceeds the reference value.

Abstract: An electric motor is equipped with an interface module, which is used to calculate the remaining service life of a bearing. The interface module can be integrated into the motor or can be fitted to the latter. The remaining service life of the bearing can be estimated from the signal of a rotary transducer and optionally a temperature sensor.

Abstract: A method for optimally operating mechanically loaded, moved, particularly rotating components, such as gearboxes, wherein in the operating stage damage accumulation is used to evaluate the influence of a collective load on the lifespan of the loaded rotating components, the moving components (1) being divided into a plurality of segments (5-10) for determining individual collective loads (6; 18).

Abstract: An evaluation method for a rolling bearing part capable of easily and properly detecting deformation of the rolling contact surface of the rolling bearing part formed of raceway rings (1, 2) or rolling element (3) of a rolling bearing. First, the order and amplitude of waviness on the rolling contact surface of the rolling bearing part are obtained by harmonic analysis for the circularity of the rolling contact surface. The order and amplitude of waviness so obtained are logarithmically converted, and the regression line showing a relation between the logarithmically converted order of waviness and the amplitude of waviness is obtained. Based on the deviation from the regression line, the deformation of the rolling contact surface is evaluated.

Abstract: A method for compensating for a mechanical oscillation which has a frequency spectrum which can be approximately represented by a number of discrete frequency components, at a machine shaft via at least one actuator acting directly or indirectly upon the machine shaft. At least upon one of the discrete frequency components of the mechanical oscillation is superposed by the actuator, independently of the other frequency components, at least one substantially harmonic torque of the same frequency having a specific amplitude and phase in such a manner that the amplitude of the oscillation of the machine shaft at the this frequency is reduced.