Abstract: An instrument for endoscopic applications, including a tubular member having a handling end portion having a flexible portion and actuating devices located at the other end portion, and longitudinal elements for transferring the movement of the actuating devices to the handling end portion resulting in a change of orientation thereof, whereby the handling end portion includes at least two independent flexible portions, whereby the actuating end portion has a corresponding number of actuating devices, and whereby each actuating device is connected by its own set of longitudinal elements to a part of the handling end portion for effecting a change of orientation of one of the flexible portions.

Abstract: A robot includes a first actuator, a first rotating body, a second actuator, and a second rotating body. The first actuator rotationally drives a second wrist that is connected to a first wrist. The first rotating body transmits a drive force of the first actuator to a second wrist. The second actuator rotationally drives a third wrist that is connected to the second wrist. The second rotating body transmits a drive force of the second actuator to the third wrist. The first rotating body and the second rotating body are arranged at positions where rotation axes of the first and second rotating bodies are parallel with each other and do not interfere with each other in such a manner that the position of the first rotating body is within a range of the second rotating body when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second rotating body.

Abstract: A serial robot includes a base, first and second segments, a proximal joint joining the base to the first segment, and a distal joint. The distal joint that joins the segments is serially arranged and distal with respect to the proximal joint. The robot includes first and second actuators. A first tendon extends from the first actuator to the proximal joint and is selectively moveable via the first actuator. A second tendon extends from the second actuator to the distal joint and is selectively moveable via the second actuator. The robot includes a transmission having at least one gear element which assists rotation of the distal joint when an input force is applied to the proximal and/or distal joints by the first and/or second actuators. A robotic hand having the above robot is also disclosed, as is a robotic system having a torso, arm, and the above-described hand.

Abstract: An introducing device system includes: an insertion portion; a bending portion which is provided at the insertion portion; an operation portion through which an input operation is performed for bending the bending portion; a pulling member connected to the bending portion and pulled in accordance with the operation through the operation portion; a detection section that detects a moving state of the pulling member; a driving unit that rotationally drives; a driving force transmitting unit including an inner circumferential surface configured to be able to contact an outer circumferential surface of the driving unit, and an outer circumference on which the pulling member is wound, the driving force transmitting unit being reduced in diameter in accordance with pulling of the pulling member; and a driving unit control section controls the driving unit when the moving state detected by the detection section is different from a state determined in advance.

Abstract: Contact between a face to be pressed and a cam face in an interaxial direction T of two inner guide sheaths is set so that a contact width H therebetween is shorter than an interaxial distance L, and so that the contact position is located between axes of the two inner guide sheaths. As a result, even in a case where external diameters of two inner guide sheaths that form a pair are slightly different to each other, a braking member can be tilted to cause a contact face to simultaneously come in contact with the respective inner guide sheaths, and a pressing force from an eccentric cam can be transmitted equally to the respective inner guide sheaths.

Abstract: A robot joint driving apparatus and a robot having the same are capable of minimizing a load applied to a drive motor by rotating a ball nut part such that a ball screw part performs linear movement in a power transmission structure using a wire and the ball screw apparatus. The robot joint driving apparatus includes a reversible drive motor, a ball nut part rotated according to operation of the drive motor, a ball screw part performing linear movement according to rotation of the ball nut part, a wire connected to the ball screw part from both sides of the ball screw part, an idle pulley rotatably installed at one side of the wire, and a joint part rotatably installed at an opposite side of the wire.

Abstract: A robot arm assembly includes a first robot arm, a second robot arm, a third robot arm, a connecting base, a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly, a third driving assembly, and a cable receiving tube. The connecting base includes a housing and a protection cover. A sidewall of the housing defines an opening. The protection cover covers the opening and is mounted on the housing. An end of the housing defines a cable inlet. The first driving assembly rotates the first robot arm. The second driving assembly rotates the second robot arm. The third driving assembly rotates the third robot arm. The cable receiving tube is received in the first robot arm, the second robot arm, and the third robot arm.

Abstract: A robot having an overall structure inspired by the Octopus vulgaris is described. The robot has soft arms joined in a radial manner to a central support. The soft arms have the capability of lengthening, shortening and wrapping around in a coil-shape manner. The extremely simple movements and coordination of the soft arms are effective because of the interaction between the single actions. For example during locomotion, while some arms act as a support for stability, the others provide for thrusting allowing the robot to advance. Once near the target, some arms provide for stability whereas the others can bend so as to wrap around and transport external entities.

Abstract: A cable guide re-orders a plurality of cables. A first guide plate has a plurality of first guide holes that receive a plurality of cables in a first order. A second guide plate has a plurality of second guide holes that receive the plurality of cables in a different second order. An intermediate guide plate is located between the first and second guide plates. The intermediate guide plate has a plurality of intermediate guide holes. Each of the intermediate guide holes receives one of the plurality of cables and causes a change of direction in the cable to facilitate the change from the first to the second order. The intermediate guide plate may further include cable passages to allow some cables to pass through without changing direction. There may be more than one intermediate guide plate. The cables may change from a generally linear to a generally circular arrangement.

Abstract: A remote controlled actuator includes a spindle for holding a tool, a spindle guide section of an elongated configuration, a distal end member rotatably supporting the spindle, and a drive unit housing connected to a base end of the spindle guide section. The distal end member is fitted to the spindle guide section for alteration in attitude. The spindle guide section includes an outer shell pipe, a rotary shaft, and guide pipe. Within the guide pipe, an attitude altering member is inserted to alter the attitude of the distal end member. A connection device detachably connects the spindle guide section with the drive unit housing.

Abstract: A robot joint driving apparatus has an improved structure, a robot having the same, and a cable linkage method of the robot joint driving apparatus. In the robot joint driving apparatus, lines of a cable to drive a robot joint unit are connected plural times in parallel, thereby increasing torsional stiffness of the robot joint unit. Further, a cable fixing unit is provided on an output pulley, thereby preventing slippage of the cable on the output pulley. Moreover, the overall size of the robot joint driving apparatus is reduced due to an improved power transmission structure from a driving motor to the output pulley.

Abstract: A robotic arm deployment apparatus is provided for a tip following robotic arm, of the type comprising a plurality of controllable segments (34) each comprising articulated links. The apparatus includes a straight guide portion (16) having a length at least equal to the length of each arm segment so that the arm control system can be calibrated as each segment passes through the guide.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method and robotic apparatus for applying a structural membrane lining in conduits. The remotely controlled robot comprises a series of segment blocks maintained in alignment by flexible linear rods supported in spherical swivel bushings. The rods allow for articulation as the robot negotiates bends. Segment blocks include radial guide finger pinions and guide fingers for concentric positioning. Fingers are of engineered plastics and brass to provide ballast weight for perpendicular alignment and contain high frequency air turbine vibrators. Steering vertebrae are included to maintain concentricity of the lining dissipation cup through bends. Also included are electric servo motors controlling cables and take up wheels controlling the angle of the segment blocks.

Abstract: A process turning disc connectable to an output shaft of a motor configured to rotate the process turning disc about a first center axis of the process turning disc. The process turning disc being configured to guide a cable or hose. A first flange is connectable to an end part of a robot arm. A second flange is connectable to a tool element. The flanges are spaced apart from each other by an intermediate connecting member. The connecting member is connected to the flanges. The connecting member provides a passage between the flanges. The passage is configured to receive and guide the cable/hose. The passage has an inlet side for the cable/hose and an outlet side for the cable/hose. A robot arm including the process turning disc, a robot including the robot arm and a method that utilizes the process turning disc.

Abstract: The invention provides an articulating mechanism useful, for example, for remote manipulation of various surgical instruments and diagnostic tools within, or to, regions of the body. Movement of segments at the proximal end of the mechanism results in a corresponding, relative movement of segments at the distal end of the mechanism. The proximal and distal segments are connected by a set of cables in such a fashion that each proximal segment forms a discrete pair with a distal segment. This configuration allows each segment pair to move independently of one another and also permits the articulating mechanism to undergo complex movements and adopt complex configurations. The articulating mechanisms may also be combined in such a way to remotely mimic finger movements for manipulation of an object or body tissue.

Abstract: A robotic arm assembly includes a support body, a first segment, a second segment, a first driving device, a second driving device, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a third bevel gear, a first transmission mechanism, and a second transmission mechanism. The first segment is rotatably connected to an end of the support body. The second segment is rotatably connected to the first segment. The first driving device and the second driving device are received in the support body. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are rotatably sleeved on opposite ends of the first segment, and mesh with the third bevel gear fixed to the second segment. The first transmission mechanism transmits the power of the first driving member to the first bevel gear, and the second transmission mechanism transmits the power of the second driving member to the second bevel gear.

Abstract: A force transmission transmits a force received by an input gimbal plate having two degrees of freedom to an output gimbal plate. The input gimbal plate is coupled to a first end of least three lever arms supported by a pivot. The output gimbal plate is coupled to a second end of the lever arms. The output gimbal plate may be coupled to the lever arms by flexible cables. The cables may be substantially contained within a tube. The output gimbal plate may be substantially smaller than the input gimbal plate. The force transmission may include a secondary output gimbal plate coupled to secondary levers that are coupled to the lever arms. The secondary levers may be third class levers. The secondary output gimbal plate may move proportionately to movement of the output gimbal plate. The force transmission may control a surgical end effector in a robotic surgical instrument.

Abstract: A system for releasably attaching a steerable disposable multi-linked device to a durable device may include a disposable portion and a durable portion. The disposable portion may include a connecting member connected to the disposable portion and the durable portion and a steerable multi-linked device. The steerable multi-linked device may include a first link, a plurality of intermediate links, a second link movably coupled to a second one of the intermediate links, and a cable which passes through the first link and intermediate links and extends beyond a first end of the first link. A first one of the intermediate links may be movably coupled to the first link. The durable portion may include an axial member which defines an opening therethrough and a feeder mechanism.

Abstract: A manipulator mechanism according to the present invention comprises an arm 1 having a tip mechanism 3 attached to its tip part, and an arm paying out device 2 to which the base end part of the arm 1 is coupled for winding and paying out the arm 1. The arm 1 comprises a tape aggregate 4 formed by bundling a plurality of elastic tapes 41, and a plurality of bundling members 5 attached to the tape aggregate 4 with spaces therebetween in a longitudinal direction of the tape aggregate 4. The bundling member 5 is provided with a guiding groove 51, through which the plurality of tapes 41 pass, to keep the relative position of the plurality of tapes 41 constant.

Abstract: An arm unit having an improved configuration to simply change stiffness according to varying situations and a robot having the same are provided. The robot includes an arm unit, and a drive unit to drive the arm unit. The arm unit includes a plurality of links to come into rolling contact with one another via at least two regions thereof, and a plurality of wires penetrating the plurality of links to connect the links to one another.

Abstract: A tension stiffened and tendon actuated manipulator is provided performing robotic-like movements when acquiring a payload. The manipulator design can be adapted for use in-space, lunar or other planetary installations as it is readily configurable for acquiring and precisely manipulating a payload in both a zero-g environment and in an environment with a gravity field. The manipulator includes a plurality of link arms, a hinge connecting adjacent link arms together to allow the adjacent link arms to rotate relative to each other and a cable actuation and tensioning system provided between adjacent link arms. The cable actuation and tensioning system includes a spreader arm and a plurality of driven and non-driven elements attached to the link arms and the spreader arm. At least one cable is routed around the driven and non-driven elements for actuating the hinge.

Abstract: A robot arm assembly includes a first link, a second link, and a joint rotatably connecting the first link and the second link. The joint includes an actuator mounted on the first link, a harmonic drive including a wave generator, a flex spline fitting over the wave generator, and a circular spline engaging the flex spline, and a belt drive between the actuator and the harmonic drive. The flex spline is fixed to the first link, the circular spline is fixed to the second link, and the belt drive transmits the rotational movement from the actuator to the wave generator.

Abstract: In accordance with various exemplary embodiments of the present teachings, a surgical device can include a first pair of articulably coupled links, a second pair of articulably coupled links, and a tension member coupled to the first pair of links and the second pair of links such that altering tension in the tension member exerts a force tending to articulate the first pair of links and the second pair of links so as to bend the first pair of links and the second pair of links. The surgical device can be configured such that the first pair of links has a lower resistance to bending than the second pair of links upon altering the tension in the tension member.

Abstract: A remote controlled actuator includes a spindle for holding a tool, a spindle guide section of an elongated configuration, a distal end member rotatably supporting the spindle, and a drive unit housing connected to a base end of the spindle guide section. The distal end member is fitted to the spindle guide section for alteration in attitude. The spindle guide section includes an outer shell pipe, a rotary shaft, and guide pipe. Within the guide pipe, an attitude altering member is inserted to alter the attitude of the distal end member. A connection device detachably connects the spindle guide section with the drive unit housing.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a robotic arm is provided including a linkage assembly and a strap drive train. The linkage assembly includes first, second, third, and fourth links pivotally coupled in series together at first, second, and third joints to define a parallelogram with an insertion axis. The strap drive train includes first and second sets of straps coupled to the linkage assembly. As the linkage assembly is moved about a pitch axis, the first set of straps ensures the third link maintains the same angle relative to the first link, and the first and second set of straps ensures the fourth link maintains the same angle relative to the second link.

Abstract: An articulating mechanism is provided with at least one pair of spherical joints interconnected by a set of tension members. Each joint includes a ball member, a socket member configured to pivotably receive at least a portion of the ball member, and at least one tension member extending through both the ball and socket members parallel to and offset from a central longitudinal axis of the joint.

Abstract: A robot has a structure in which finger joints do not interfere with each other. The robot includes a first actuator driving the finger joint, a first power transmission, a second actuator driving the finger joint, and a second power transmission. The first actuator and the first power transmission are coupled with a wrist joint so that the position of the first actuator and the first power transmission is changed. Accordingly, even if the wrist joint operates, the distance between the first actuator and the finger joint is constantly maintained.

Abstract: A robot arm system includes a support base, a first robot arm, a first driving mechanism, a second robot arm, a second driving mechanism, and a wrist assembly. The first driving mechanism drives the first robot arm to rotate around the first rotation axis. The second driving mechanism drives the second robot arm to rotate around the second rotation axis. The robot arm system further comprises a first wheel positioned on the support base, a second wheel positioned on the second robot arm, a third wheel positioned on the wrist assembly and rotatably connecting to the second robot arm, a first flexible belt connecting the first wheel with the second wheel, and a second flexible belt connecting the third wheel with the second wheel. The first wheel, the second wheel, and the third wheel have the same radius.

Abstract: A deceleration mechanism comprises a driving member, a driven member, an actuator device connected to the driving member, and a transmission member coiling around the driving member and the driven member. The transmission member comprises a positioning portion and a coiling portion extending from opposite sides of the positioning portion. The position portion is fixed to the driving member, the coiling portion coils a plurality of windings on the driving member, and then coils on the driven member. The number of windings of the transmission member coiled around the driving member is equal to or more than the transmission ratio of the deceleration mechanism.

Abstract: A robot arm assembly includes a support arm, a lower arm rotatably connected to the support arm, an upper arm rotatably connected to the lower arm, a first driver for driving the lower arm, a first transmission transferring power from the first driver to the lower arm, a second driver for driving the upper arm, and a second transmission transferring power from the second driver to the upper arm. The first and second drivers are mounted on the support arm. The second transmission includes a belt assembly, a beveled gear assembly driven by the belt assembly, and a speed reducer coupled to the upper arm.

Abstract: A surgical apparatus having sufficient rigidity in a fixed mode and being freely operable in a steering mode includes one or more arm modules having at least one degree of freedom, each arm module including at least one steering cable to steer the arm module and a plurality of link units to form the at least one arm module, each link unit including a head disposed at an upper portion thereof and having a hemispherical shape, a seat formed at a lower portion thereof, and a sliding ball arranged at the seat, wherein the link units are arranged such that the head of one of the link units is seated on the seat of the other of the link units, and the head of one of the link units and the seat of the other of the link units are slid with respect to each other by the sliding ball.

Abstract: A manipulator mechanism according to the present invention comprises an arm 1 having a tip mechanism 3 attached to its tip part, and an arm paying out device 2 to which the base end part of the arm 1 is coupled for winding and paying out the arm 1. The arm 1 comprises a tape aggregate 4 formed by bundling a plurality of elastic tapes 41, and a plurality of bundling members 5 attached to the tape aggregate 4 with spaces therebetween in a longitudinal direction of the tape aggregate 4. The bundling member 5 is provided with a guiding groove 51, through which the plurality of tapes 41 pass, to keep the relative position of the plurality of tapes 41 constant.

Abstract: The robot arm having a weight compensation mechanism has a first rotation member and a second rotation member which are respectively capable of making two-DOF rotation, a first rotation of the first rotation member is yaw rotation, and a second rotation of the first rotation member is pitch rotation perpendicular to the first rotation, a third rotation and a fourth rotation of the second rotation member are respectively pitch rotation and roll rotation, and the robot arm comprises a single-DOF gravity compensator connected to the first rotation member or the second rotation member and offsetting the gravity caused by weight of the first rotation member or the second rotation member by using an elastic force of an elastic member.

Abstract: A device for use in guiding the position of a surgical tool from a remote location is disclosed. The device includes a handle, an elongate shaft mounted on the handle, an elongate articulation assembly carried at its proximal end to the shaft and adapted to receive the surgical tool at the assembly's distal end, and a cable operatively connecting the handle to the articulation assembly. The position of the articulation assembly is controlled by rotating a knob on the handle, which moves the articulation into different angled configurations depending on whether the knob is rotated in clockwise or counterclockwise directions.

Abstract: A system for releasably attaching a steerable disposable multi-linked device to a durable device may include a disposable portion and a durable portion. The disposable portion may include a connecting member connected to the disposable portion and the durable portion and a steerable multi-linked device. The steerable multi-linked device may include a first link, a plurality of intermediate links, a second link movably coupled to a second one of the intermediate links, and a cable which passes through the first link and intermediate links and extends beyond a first end of the first link. A first one of the intermediate links may be movably coupled to the first link. The durable portion may include an axial member which defines an opening therethrough and a feeder mechanism.

Abstract: A steerable multi-linked device may include a first multi-linked mechanism and a second multi-linked mechanism. At least one of the first multi-linked mechanism and the second multi-linked mechanism may include a first link, a plurality of intermediate links, a second link movably coupled to a second one of the intermediate links and a reinforcing member. A first one of the intermediate links may be movably coupled to the first link, and the reinforcing member may extend from a first end of a third one of the intermediate links toward a second end of the third one of the intermediate links.

Abstract: A robot arm assembly includes a supporting arm, first and second mechanical arms, a first driving member, a second driving member, a first transmission mechanism between the first mechanical arm and the first driving member, and a second transmission mechanism between the second mechanical arm and the second driving member. The first driving member drives the first transmission mechanism to rotate the first mechanical arm. The second driving member drives the second transmission mechanism to rotate the second mechanical arm. The first driving member and the second driving member are both carried in the supporting arm and are arranged side by side.

Abstract: A robot arm including a force sensing apparatus capable of accurately sensing of a force in the axial direction of the robot arm during operation thereof, without being affected by a motion of the robot arm. The robot arm includes: a body that is elastically deformable and has a pipe form extending in an axial direction; an instrument connected to an operational end of the body; a cable that is connected to a terminal end of the instrument and controls an operation of the instrument; and a force sensing apparatus that is attached to a surface of the body and senses a force acting upon the body, wherein the cable at the terminal end of the instrument is configured to move along a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the body.

Abstract: A drive power transmission element in the form of a wheel adapted to be mounted on a non-rotatable axel where the wheel has a peripheral surface of a geometric envelope or cam profile developed on a mathematical formula being bounded and rectifiable and therefore having Defined length and area receiving a flexible power transmission element such as a rope of solid braided nylon cord locked by compression rather than friction operating circumferentially, where for example as a boat cleat or in radial operation, ideal in general for transmission of mechanical power directly applied to various mechanical linkages or where the operable dynamic forces of compression may operate as force fields or mechanical structures in lighter than air envelopes, parachutes, hydraulic nozzles, pumps, internal combustion engines, envelopes for jet engines, fiber optics, designs of optical lenses, and related applications to move or contain mass and energy over distance.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for controlling robotic apparatus having several movable elements or segments coupled by joints. At least one of the movable elements can include one or more mobile bases, while the others can form one or more manipulators. One of the movable elements can be treated as an end effector for which a certain motion is desired. The end effector may include a tool, for example, or represent a robotic hand (or a point thereon), or one or more of the one or more mobile bases. In accordance with the systems and methods disclosed herein, movement of the manipulator and the mobile base can be controlled and coordinated to effect a desired motion for the end effector. In many cases, the motion can include simultaneously moving the manipulator and the mobile base.

Abstract: An articulated structure having a tubular inflatable casing that contains a fluid under pressure and that has a central axis along which there are defined at least one fixed-geometry segment and at least one variable-geometry segment, the arm including a deformation mechanism for deforming the variable-geometry segment, the casing and the deformation mechanism arranged so as to generate curvature of the variable-geometry segment in such a manner that the variable-geometry segment conserves a volume that is substantially constant. A robot arm including such a structure.

Abstract: A parallel robot includes a base, a movable platform, a plurality of control arms, a rotation arm, a plurality of first actuators, and a second actuator. The control arms rotatably interconnect to the base and the movable platform, respectively. Opposite ends of the rotation arm are universally rotatably connected to the base and the movable platform, respectively. The first actuators move the control arms, respectively. The second actuator rotates the rotation arm around a central axis. Each control arm comprises a first transmission member and a transmission cable. The first transmission member comprises a fan-shaped transmission portion. Each first actuator comprises a transmission shaft to engage the first transmission member of the control arm. The transmission cable coils around the transmission shaft for at least one winding, then criss-crosses, and winds on the fan-shaped transmission portion.

Abstract: An intelligent modular hybrid robot arm system is usable with mobile robots, and is applicable to stationary industrial arms. The intelligent modular hybrid robot arm system provides a large work envelope and a controlled and directed rotational movement for a flexible snake robot arm. The intelligent modular hybrid robot arm system has the ability to change end effector tools and sensors. The platform computers have the ability to interact with other subsystems for coordinated as well as independent tasks. The flexibly snake robot arm can be covered with a flexible sensor network, or “skin”. The intelligent modular hybrid robot arm system can manage its energy use, stores the arm in a compact shape and uses a central support tube offering unobstructed arm access to all sectors of its working envelope.

Abstract: A robot includes a base seat, a first arm fixed to the base seat, a second arm rotatably connected to the first arm, an output shaft rotatably connected to a distal end of the second arm, a first driving member, and a first transmission mechanism. The first transmission mechanism includes a first transmission belt and a reducer. The first driving member is located at one end of the first arm adjacent to the base seat, the reducer is located at the other end of the first arm away from the base seat, and connected to the second arm, the first driving member is capable of driving the reducer via the first transmission belt.

Abstract: A robot arm mechanism includes a drive arm, a support arm, a transmission assembly and three tool portions. The support arm is rotatably connected to the drive arm. The three tool portions are rotatably mounted on the support arm. The transmission assembly includes a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a transmission belt. The first bevel gear is mounted on the drive arm, the second bevel gear is mounted on the support arm and engages with the first bevel gear. The transmission belt is driven by the second bevel gear and imparts rotary motion to the plurality of tool portions simultaneously.

Abstract: An output member is connected with an input member through three sets of link mechanisms for alteration in attitude. The link mechanism includes end portion link mechanisms on an input side and an output side, respectively, and an intermediate link member. The link mechanism is such that a geometric model of each of the link members expressed by lines represents such a shape as an input side portion and an output side portion relative to a center of the intermediate link member are symmetrical with each other. By actuating two or more sets of the link mechanisms by means of a link mechanism drive source, the attitude of the output member is controlled. Through the inside of an arrangement of the link mechanisms, a flexible wire is provided for transmitting a rotational force in a direction of arrangement of the input and output members.

Abstract: The invention relates to an industrial robot having an apparatus for driving an attachable/detachable four-bar link mechanism, comprising: a base frame having a rotating joint for a robot body; a pivot frame which is coupled to the rotating joint and which has a rotating joint; a column frame which is coupled to the rotating joint of the pivot frame, and which has a straight-line joint; a motor arranged in the pivot frame to rotate the column frame; a decelerator attachably/detachably mounted on the rotating joint of the pivot frame or directly on the pivot frame to receive driving force from the motor; and a four-bar link installed between an output shaft of the decelerator and the column frame.

Abstract: A serial robot includes a base, first and second segments, a proximal joint joining the base to the first segment, and a distal joint. The distal joint that joins the segments is serially arranged and distal with respect to the proximal joint. The robot includes first and second actuators. A first tendon extends from the first actuator to the proximal joint and is selectively moveable via the first actuator. A second tendon extends from the second actuator to the distal joint and is selectively moveable via the second actuator. The robot includes a transmission having at least one gear element which assists rotation of the distal joint when an input force is applied to the proximal and/or distal joints by the first and/or second actuators. A robotic hand having the above robot is also disclosed, as is a robotic system having a torso, arm, and the above-described hand.

Abstract: An industrial robot may include a main body section, a first arm, a second arm, a third arm, a first speed reducer which connects the main body section and the first arm a second speed reducer which connects the first arm and the second arm, and a connecting mechanism which connects the input shaft of the first speed reducer and the input shaft of the second speed reducer, and a second drive motor which drives the third arm. The speed reduction ratio of the first and second speed reducer are set such that the movement loci of a third articulation section which connects the second and third arm are rectilinear. The connecting mechanism connects the input shafts predetermined speed ratio. The second drive motor is mounted on the second arm closer to the tip than where a third articulation section is located.

Abstract: Featured are systems, devices and apparatuses for use in minimally invasive surgical, diagnostic or therapeutic methods and/or techniques, in particular methods and/or techniques for a mammalian throat. In particular embodiments, a dexterity apparatus including one or more dexterity devices is featured, where each of the dexterity devices comprises surgical tools and each is configured and arranged with end-tip dexterity for enhanced manipulation. A portion of the dexterity devices is snake like, which is re-configurable (i.e., can be bent) so as to in effect maneuver the surgical tool and put the tool in a desired position with respect to the surgical site. Another portion of the dexterity device includes the surgical tool thereby providing the capability of performing surgical actions such as sewing, gripping, soft tissue manipulation, cutting and suction of saliva, blood and other materials from the surgical site.