Abstract: A measurement method of receiving an emission light output from an optical semiconductor element on an incident end surface of an optical probe, shifts a relative position between the optical semiconductor element and the optical probe on a plane surface intersecting with an optical axis of the emission light, measures an incident intensity of the emission light at several positions, and obtains an incident intensity pattern showing a relationship between a change in the relative position and the respective incident intensities.

Abstract: A method for collecting silver ions and phosphoric acid in a waste fluid includes collecting silver chloride from the waste fluid, collecting silver chloride including providing a chloride compound to the waste fluid; and collecting phosphoric acid, collecting phosphoric acid including distilling the waste fluid from which the silver chloride has been collected.

Abstract: A silver salt solution and a reducing agent solution are added to an aqueous dispersing polymer solution to precipitate silver ribbons.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the recovery of base metals, in particular but not exclusively copper, via integrated hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processing of base-metal sulphides, in particular but not exclusively iron-containing base-metal sulphides.

Abstract: A method for recovering catalytic metals from fluids containing catalytic metal colloids. Fluid compositions such as rinse solutions or dragout baths containing catalytic metal colloids are passed through a filter that entraps catalytic metal colloids on the filter. The catalytic metal colloids have a high affinity for the filter in contrast to other components of the fluids. The other components of the fluids pass through the filter while the catalytic colloids concentrate on the filter. The filter containing the catalytic metal colloids is burned, and the catalytic metal is retrieved. The method is economically efficient and environmentally friendly.

Abstract: A method for recovering catalytic metals from fluid compositions containing catalytic metal colloids. Fluid compositions such as aqueous rinse solutions or dragout baths containing catalytic metal colloids are passed through a porous metal filter that entraps the catalytic metal colloids. The catalytic metal colloids have a high affinity for the porous metal filter in contrast to other components of the fluids. The other components of the fluids pass through the porous metal filter while the catalytic metal colloids concentrate on the porous metal filter. The catalytic metal colloids that are captured on the porous metal filter are removed from the filter by backwashing the filter with a gas and/or a liquid. The backwashing forces the catalytic metal colloids off of the porous metal filter and through a solids discharge valve and into a solids collection container. The method is economically efficient with high catalytic metal recovery and is environmentally friendly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the recovery of gold and silver from the used refractory bricks of Dore furnace. This invention particularly relates to a process for the recovery of gold and silver from the used refractory bricks generated during the processing of the anode slimes of copper industry, through a non-cyanide route. The invention is useful for gold producing, gold refining and copper producing industries.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for obtaining colloid-forming metal particles from an aqueous mine waste solution containing that metal in ionic form. In accordance with this process, an aqueous mine waste solution containing that metal in ionic form is provided having a pH value of about 4.0 to about 6.5. The solution is electrified with direct current a about 1.2 to about 2.0 volts to reduce the desired metal ions to colloidal metal particles. A slurry of cellulose particles is agitatingly added to the colloid composition followed by a flocculant to form a solid phase cellulosic floc containing the colloid. The solid and liquid phases are separated, and the solid phase is dried, fluxed and heated to a temperature sufficient to melt the flux and colloid and form larger metal particles that can then be recovered. The colloid-forming metal is preferably gold.

Abstract: A method for preparing ultra-pure silver from a crude silver halide matrix containing metallic and/or non-metallic impurities, said method comprising; roasting the crude silver halide matrix to substantially remove carbonaceous material; treating the roasted crude silver halide matrix with ammonium hydroxide to dissolve the silver halides and form an ammonium hydroxide reaction mixture; adding an initial reducing agent to the ammonium hydroxide reaction mixture to precipitate a crude silver powder mixture; separating the crude silver powder mixture from the ammonium hydroxide reaction mixture dissolving the crude silver powder mixture in nitric acid to form a crude silver nitrate solution; adding a first selective reducing agent to the crude silver nitrate solution to precipitate a silver/contaminant matrix and form a partially purified silver nitrate solution; separating the partially purified silver nitrate solution from the precipitated silver/contaminant matrix; adding a second selective reducing

Abstract: A powerful reducing agent such as hydrazine monohydrate is added to the standard eluent solutions such as NsOH-NaCN with or without alcohol. The kinetics of elution of gold or of silver are thus markedly enhanced.

Abstract: A novel ion-exchange agent, an aluminum-enriched analogue to the zeolite chabazite, hereinafter "Al-Chab" is disclosed. The Al-Chab is used in processes for recovering precious metals from aqueous solutions or for removing toxic heavy metals from contaminated aqueous streams.

Abstract: A non-toxic process for the recovery of silver from silver containing photographic emulsion coated paper or film substrates is provided. The process includes the use of a stripping formulation comprised of an alkaline bleach solution which is capable of holding stripped animal protein, silver and silver halide in solution during separation of the substrate materials. The solution containing the silver, silver halide and animal protein is treated with a strong or highly ionized acid which results in controlled precipitation of hydrolyzed animal protein, silver and silver halide. Waste fluids are neutralized with an alkali metal hydroxide, the precipitate is dried to a sludge, carbon content of the sludge is control burned and the residue is smelted with appropriate fluxes in order to achieve silver ingot.