Abstract: A long-life service method for powder-bottom-injecting converter based on collaborative hot replacement of furnace bottom and bottom purging brick belongs to the field of steelmaking technologies using powder-bottom-injecting converters. According to equipment characteristics, process characteristics, and erosion characteristics of the powder-bottom-injecting converter, the design, arrangement, installation, use, maintenance, and replacement of the bottom purging/powder injection bricks are systematically optimized and improved, a technology of automatically detecting the erosion height of bottom purging bricks is adopted, and hot replacement of bottom purging/powder injection bricks and hot replacement of the converter furnace bottom are used collaboratively, which not only can prolong the service life of a single bottom purging/powder injection brick, but also can greatly prolong the overall life of the powder-bottom-injecting converter from 1000-3000 heats in the prior art to 6000-10000 heats.

Abstract: A tuyere comprising an inner tube including a lower section having a first diameter, an upper section having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter, and a converging transition section having a converging angle ? from 30° to 60° connecting the lower section to the upper section, the inner tube terminating in an inner nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section; and an outer tube surrounding the inner tube so as to create an annulus there between, the outer tube including a lower section having a third diameter larger than the first diameter, an upper section having a fourth diameter smaller than the third diameter but larger than the second diameter, and a converging transition section having connecting the lower section to the upper section, the outer tube terminating in an outer nozzle at a downstream end of the upper section.

Abstract: Steel, characterized in that the composition thereof is, in percentages by weight: C=0.20-0.30% Co=trace levels-1% Cr=2-5% Al=1-2% Mo+W/2=1-4% V=trace levels-0.3% Nb=trace levels-0.1% B=trace levels-30 ppm Ni=11-16% with Ni?7+3.5 Al Si=trace levels-1.0% Mn=trace levels-2.0% Ca=trace levels-20 ppm rare earths=trace levels-100 ppm if N?10 ppm, Ti+Zr/2=trace levels-100 ppm with Ti+Zr/2?10 N if 10 ppm<N?20 ppm, Ti+Zr/2=trace levels-150 ppm O=trace levels-50 ppm N=trace levels-20 ppm S=trace levels-20 ppm Cu=trace levels-1% P=trace levels-200 ppm the remainder being iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the production operation. Method of producing a component from this steel and a component obtained in this manner.

Abstract: A ladle is equipped with properly positioned side and bottom injectors for enhanced steel decarburization in a vacuum tank degasser. To facilitate the circulation of liquid steel in the tank the bottom injectors are positioned in a common segment in order to create a single loop of liquid flow. To enlarge the surface area exposed to vacuum, and to increase the active surface area, supplementary gas flow is provided by side injectors located at the upper sidewall. The active surface area is enhanced by breaking bubbles released from side injectors.

Abstract: First and second feed streams are injected into a molten bath, thereby creating first and second jets. The first and second jets combine to form a substantially planar, or fan jet, region within the molten bath. The first and second feed streams can include a variety of materials, such as oxidant, reducing agents, or waste materials, such as organic waste. In addition, the feed streams can include distinct reactants that are combined in the fan jet region for reaction with each other or with one or more components of the molten bath.

Abstract: An arrangement for use when treating a melt, particularly a metal melt (2) in a converter (1) with gas, for the purpose of intensifying and rendering effective the contact between gas and melt and to produce effective admixture of the gas with the melt. The arrangement includes at least one nozzle (5) which discharges into the melt (2) and which is operative to deliver the gas in the form of at least one high pressure jet. For the purpose of producing a high gas pressure of such value as to produce a finely-divided mixture of gas and melt in a jet zone (10) in the melt (2), a pressure-elevating device (9) is incorporated in the fluid line connected to the nozzle (5). The invention also relates to a method of treating a metal melt in a converter.