Abstract: A system that reduces the amount of water that enters a process chamber via a movable shaft is disclosed. The surface of the shaft is made hydrophobic. Any water droplets that are collected on the hydrophobic shaft are disposed at a high contact angle, making it more likely that these water droplets fall from the shaft. Further, any water that enters the process chamber is more readily removed from the shaft due to the lower energy of liberation. Reducing the amount of water in a process chamber may improve the lifetime of the components in the process chamber and may improve the yield of the workpieces being processed. This may be especially relevant when process gasses that contain halogens are employed.

Abstract: Repeatable and reliable chemical treatment for loose fibers is achieved by spraying or immersing loose fibers in a chemical treatment bath, and continuously moving the soaked fibers through a continuous centrifuge. The continuous centrifuge controls the wet pickup of the chemical formulation on the fibers and assures a substantially even chemical distribution on the centrifuged fibers. The centrifuged fibers may be dried to fix the chemicals in the chemical formulation to the fibers and/or to remove water from the chemical formulation. Recycling of the chemical formulation from the continuous centrifuge allows for the process to be performed more economically and in a more environmentally friendly fashion.

Abstract: A laundry drier control method reads a temperature variation rate per unit time, to enable drying according to the amount and type of an object being dried. The method includes steps of initiating a drying procedure; measuring a temperature variation rate per unit time over the drying procedure; calculating an overall drying time based on the measured temperature variation rate per unit time; and performing the drying procedure for the calculated overall drying time. The drying time determining step is repeated if a substantial increase in the temperature variation rate is detected.

Abstract: There is provided a towel presenting, washing and drying machine, including first and second spaced-apart rollers each rotatable in a clock-wise and counter-clockwise sense; a bath having liquid inlet and outlet ports located between the rollers supporting a plurality of rod members for guiding a towel section in a meandering fashion in the bath; means for cleaning the towel section in the bath; at least one drying drum disposed outside the bath between the rollers, at least one motor and transmission means coupled to the rollers and the drying drum, and a controller for timely selectively operating each of the rollers and the drying drum. A method for automatically presenting a clean towel section for drying purposes and for washing and drying soiled towel sections in a towel presenting and washing machine, is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for supplying liquid mixtures on a mix-on-demand basis for consumptive use, and for maintaining the composition of such mixture on a highly accurate and stable basis. For wet-on-wet processing of fabrics, the processing solution is supplied at start-up on a mix-on-demand basis to precise specifications and is maintained at such precise specifications throughout fabric processing, which involves continuous additions of water by the incoming fabric and removal of solution by the exiting fabric. Recirculation of the solution at a high rate, together with rapid and repetitive measurements of the composition of the recirculating solution enables the solution to be precisely monitored and maintained. Periodic small additions of chemical are injected as necessary to maintain highly stable, accurately controlled process conditions. Extraordinary economies, both direct and indirect, can be realized with the new system.

Abstract: A method of treating fabrics, such as de-sized and/or previously bleached hydrophilic fabrics, having threads in a selected machine direction (a weft, or inversely, a warp) and formed of natural or artificial cellulose fibers. The fabric is impregnated with a metal peroxide while leaving the fabric free in the selected machine direction for a period of time necessary for swelling of the fibers of the threads in the selected machine direction and for modification of the cellulose. The fabric is then passed in air while leaving the fabric relaxed and without tension in the selected machine direction, during which the threads in the selected machine direction swell and assume the form of a spring, after shrinkage, followed by at least one rinsing, at least one washing, and at least one squeezing step. Also, the elastic fabrics obtained by the method, and the machine for implementing the method.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for digitally upgrading a textile article (T) using a textile upgrading device (1), the device (1) comprising a number of nozzles (12) for applying one or more substances to the textile (T), in addition to transport means (2) for transporting the textile (T) along the nozzles (12), wherein the nozzles (12) are ordered in a number of successively placed rows (4, 5, 6, 7) extending transversely of the transporting direction of the textile article (T), the method comprising the steps of: guiding the textile article (T) along a first row (4) of nozzles (12); performing with the first row (4) of nozzles (12) one of the operations of painting, coating or finishing of the textile article (T) carried therealong; subsequently guiding the textile (T) along a second row (5) of nozzles (12); and performing with the second row (5) of nozzles (12) another of the operations of painting, coating or finishing of the textile article (T) carried therealong.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a low shrinkage polyamide fiber suitable for use as a yam of a fabric for airbags and an uncoated fabric for airbags produced using the same. The fabric produced using the low shrinkage polyamide fiber of the present invention has high tensile strength and tear strength, and excellent quality, and thus, is useful as a fabric for airbags.

Abstract: A method for supplying liquid mixtures on a mix-on-demand basis for consumptive use, and for maintaining the composition of such mixture on a highly accurate and stable basis. For wet-on-wet processing of fabrics, the processing solution is supplied at start-up on a mix-on-demand basis to precise specifications and is maintained at such precise specifications throughout fabric processing, which involves continuous additions of water by the incoming fabric and removal of solution by the exiting fabric. Recirculation of the solution at a high rate, together with rapid and repetitive measurements of the composition of the recirculating solution enables the solution to be precisely monitored and maintained. Periodic small additions of chemical are injected as necessary to maintain highly stable, accurately controlled process conditions. Extraordinary economies, both direct and indirect, can be realized with the new system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for cleaning flat fabrics, especially sails for sailboats, in which at least one cleaning solution is applied to the flat fabric in a washing apparatus. According to the invention, it is provided that the flat fabric is moved forward continuously in its spread-out state through several cleaning stations arranged along a horizontal, planar conveyance track, without tumbling or serpentine back-and-forth bending.

Abstract: The disclosure describes a method for dyeing garments in a dyeing machine using a dyeing bath. The garments are previously connected to one another to form a line, and the line is moved through the dyeing bath. The disclosure also concerns a textile line for use in a dyeing machine, in which the line comprises garments connected to one another.

Abstract: The machine comprises in combination: means (7) for supplying the fabric (T); means (9) for extracting the fabric; at least one first tank (1) and one second tank (3) which are positioned in series and between which a pneumatic transfer member (5) for transferring the fabric alternately from the first tank to the second tank and vice versa is arranged. The pneumatic transfer member is pivotable so as to assume at least two positions depending on the direction of feeding of the fabric through said pivoting transfer member.

Abstract: A textile substrate is patterned by the selective application of various dyes to the substrate surface in a way that provides desirable, visually apparent enhancements in the area of pattern detail, definition, and color range, through the use of a novel patterning system, including the application of various chemical agents, that makes such enhancements possible. In one embodiment, the patterning system described herein is capable of producing pile-faced textile substrates, useful as floor coverings, that exhibit a unique combination of desirable pattern attributes that have been identified and measured using novel techniques specifically developed for these substrates and pattern attributes.

Abstract: A process by which dithering techniques and in situ blending techniques may be used to reproduce a desired multi-colored dyed pattern on a substrate using precisely delivered quantities of liquid colorants that are available in only a relatively few colors. Specific preferred process colors, as well as procedures for expanding the range of reproduced colors using such process colors, are presented Optionally, specific actuation instructions for a specific dye injection machine capable of patterning a moving textile substrate may be generated.

Abstract: A method of treating articles having a textile surface (such as broadloom carpets or carpet tiles) with a stainblocker composition is disclosed. A pile surface structure having pile elements containing nylon yarns having both acid dyeability and cationic dyeability is dyed with both acid dye and cationic dye and then passed through a hot stainblocker treatment bath and a cooling zone. Substantially the entire height of each pile element is coated with a stainblocker composition whereby the pile surface structure has a stain resistance of 9 or higher on the AATCC Red 40 Stain Scale. The resulting pile surface has good color separation and stability, and no color loss from the catatonically dyeable yarns.

Abstract: In the process for continuously dyeing a poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bulked continuous filament yarn carpet an aqueous dyeing solution is applied to a continuously moving poly(trlmethylene terephthalate) bulked continuous filament yarn carpet at a temperature of 45° C. to 100° C., and then the poly(trimethylene terephthalate) bulked continuous filament yam carpet is steamed, rinsed and dried. Before applying the aqueous dyeing solution the carpet is heat-set at 120 to 150° C. The carpet is steamed with saturated steam at 102 to 150° C. for 5 to 10 mm. The aqueous dyeing solution does not include an anti-frosting agent. The process also advantageously includes heating the carpet with a dry heat of 140 to 300° C. for 30 to 60 sec after steaming the carpet and before rinsing it.

Abstract: A method of treating articles having a textile surface (such as broadloom carpets or carpet tiles) with a stainblocker composition is disclosed. After coloring, a stainblocker composition having a temperature from twenty to ninety-five degrees Celsius (20 to 95° C.) is applied. If the articles are carpet tiles, the stainblocker is applied using a flood process. The article is dried in a drying zone having a temperature in the range from seventy-five degrees Celsius to ninety-five degrees Celsius (75-95° C.) for a time sufficient to allow the stainblocker composition to react with the nylon yarn in the textile surface. Preferably, an infra-red oven is used to define the drying zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for plain dyeing a textile web of fabric by means of a padding mangle. The squeezing force distribution between the rollers of the padding mangles is controlled according to the dye distribution in the web of fabric which is still provided with the initial humidity on the output of the padding mangle, whereby the dye distribution is measured on certain points by means of a dye measuring appliance. Measuring the dye of the humid web of fabric is simplified and the measured result is improved when a dye receiver is used as the dye measuring device, whereby the receiver separately detects the radiation of a white light source according to pure dyes, the radiation being reflected on the web of fabric in a diffuse manner.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing a cloth comprises a moisture controlling step S1 of adding water to the cloth and a thermal pressing step S2 of thermally pressing the water-added cloth. The water added in the moisture controlling step is vaporized to cover up the entire cloth and therefore the cloth can be heated uniformly. When temperature of the cloth increases, the moisture works as a lubricant, enabling to release internal stress of the cloth efficiently. By thermally pressing, a structure of the cloth under the heated state is fixed by the pressure applied in the pressing operation, making possible to stabilize the cloth while preventing excessive shrinkage of the cloth and increasing smoothness of cloth surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for continuously treating synthetic fibers in a heat exchange chamber, in which the fiber to be treated comes into direct contact with the heat exchange medium. A sealing device, which is subjected to the action of a sealing medium, which is provided at the fiber exit opening and at the fiber entry opening with a supply line for the sealing medium, which is arranged in the proximity of the fiber exit opening or the fiber entry opening. The sealing medium is kept away from the fiber passing through the heat exchange chamber. This is achieved by removing the sealing medium before the heat exchange chamber or also by removing the heat exchange medium together with the sealing medium. A removal line for the sealing medium is arranged in the proximity of the heat exchange chamber. In addition, the heat exchanger is provided in a separable manner so that the fiber can inserted by removing one part.

Abstract: A jig adapted for atmospheric as well as heated and pressurized treatment of web material. The jig incorporates an arrangement of self lubricating and self aligning bearings disposed in supporting relation at the ends of roller shafts. At least one roller within the jig is adapted to be oscillated in an axial direction.

Abstract: A system of forming simulated seam abrasion on denim materials. The simulated seam abrasion is formed by using a laser beam to form a seam abrasion type pattern on the material. The pattem is like a ladder with uneven rungs. After the pattern is formed, the material is washed to better simulate real seam abrasion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparative and reactive dyeing of cellulose material. In order to shorten the process time of conventional preparing agents and continuous operation, to make superfluous neutralizing agents for removing excess peroxy compounds as well as to reduce the mechanical equipment required vis-à-vis prior art and to reduce the use of chemical agents, the cellulose material soaked with the treatment liquor is continuously dried with pulsated air at approximately the same disintegration rate as the peroxy compounds thus used. Alkali remaining in the material from pretreatment which remained in the material is used for dyefixing said material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dyeing or washing installation (1) for narrow textile fabric (2), the narrow fabric (2) being passed through a dyeing or washing liquor, followed by removal of the excess amount. To develop further a dyeing or washing installation (1) of the type in question advantageously with regard to the application of dye and removal of excess amounts, it is proposed that the narrow fabric (2) is guided along a width-adapted suction nozzle (6), disposed downstream of the dyeing or washing liquor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for the wet-processing of textile material, essentially comprising a vessel (1) comprising a fabric inlet (2), at least one nozzle (3) for applying a treatment liquor, an intensive zone (4) and a fabric outlet (5), wherein the vessel does not include a scray and has a minimized dead space through accurate fitment of the nozzle (3) and the intensive zone (4) into the vessel (1), and to a process for the wet-processing of textile material in the apparatus.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for ultrasonic cleaning of materials in which vibrating plates are used in close contact with a material to be cleaned. The material is placed in a shallow liquid and the vibrator of the plates eliminate dirt or contaminating substances from the material by cavitation of the liquid. The vibrating plates are flexurally vibrated at a frequency which correspond to its resonant frequency and is one of a sonic or ultrasonic frequency. The acoustic field created by the oscillation of the plates and in cleaning the material. A pledging system may also include ultrasonic vibrating plates to assist in expelling water.

Abstract: A process for dyeing a textile web, in which the textile web is continuously guided through a trough that contains the dye bath, and subsequently passes through a pair of squeezing rollers. The line force of the pair of squeezing rollers is adjusted as a function of the length of textile web (L) that has passed through, with the aim of achieving a uniform amount of dye applied over the length of the textile web, per surface unit of the textile web.

Abstract: A continuous fabric rinsing process and apparatus utilizing hot water applied in a rotating cylindrical rinsing roller device, for use in conventional steaming apparatus chambers where the preparation, dyeing and/or printing of fabric typically occurs. The fabric rinsing apparatus has an innermost perforated pipe along the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical rinsing roller that serves as a source of hot water which traverses rotating apertures present on the rinsing roller. The rinsing roller also contains external curvilinear rotor blades which propel the hot water outward through a rotating net cylinder, in order to clean a pretreated, dyed and/or printed fabric sheet continuously moving along an endless net belt. At least two steam injectors, appropriately located within the same steam chamber, are positioned in opposite directions in order to uniformly remove, by a steam-stream action, the undesirable contaminants, as well as partially dry the rinsed fabric sheet.

Abstract: A process and a system for dyeing a textile web according to the cold-pad batch process includes a device for defined application of a dye liquor to the textile web and a winding device for rolling the textile web provided with the dye liquor onto a fabric roll. On the winding device, a supply roll with a plastic film web is mounted, which can be wound around the finished fabric roll in a wrap, using the same winding device. The end of the wrap is sealed together with the plastic film web and the plastic film web is cut off. In this way, it is easier to wrap the fabric roll, as is necessary for several hours of dwell time on the fabric roll.

Abstract: A low temperature, low bath ratio, tensionless and short-term dyeing method using microwaves, comprises the steps of: immersing dyed goods in a vessel filled with dye solution comprising water present in an amount twice as much as the goods to be dyed, a disperse dye present in a ratio of disperse dye to goods to be dyed of 1:1000, a dispersing agent present in a ratio of dispersing agent to dye of below 1:100, and irradiating the dyed goods with microwaves below 2450 MHZ in order to heat them to a temperature of 100-130.degree. C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pattern dyeing of textile substrates in which the dyeing is done in two stages. In the first stage, a dye is uniformly applied in a manner that allows the dye to fix on contact. The uniformly dyed substrate is then moved under a series of spaced arrays, each array being associated with a separate color and being comprised of a plurality of individually controlled liquid dye applicators. Liquid dye of a given color is selectively applied through one or more dye applicators as the substrate passes under the array associated with that color. The applied dye remains unfixed until the substrate passes under all the arrays and the patterning is complete, whereupon all dye applied by the dye applicators is fixed by steaming or other appropriate application of energy to the substrate.

Abstract: A dye composition of 99.7% pure glycerin and press cake dye is provided along with an apparatus and method of use for the same. The apparatus sets the dye composition into polyester yarns by heating the composition to 160-190.degree. C. and then cooling the composition to 100-140.degree. C. Prescour, dye scour and post scour vessels are provided to facilitate the dyeing process. The fluids used in the apparatus and process are recycled by recycling units.

Abstract: In a process for the application of a vat dye, preferably indigo, to a thread bundle (1), before thread bundle (1) enters a dye liquor (3) it is run through a steam lock (5). Steam lock (5) is separated from a chamber (20) through which thread bundle (1) is run after leaving dye liquor (3) via a holding section (21) in an essentially oxygen-free atmosphere.

Abstract: A weaving system is provided to automatically maintain a printed pattern in alignment with a woven pattern as a fabric is being formed. The printed pattern is printed onto the warp yarns. A controller is used to monitor the position of the printed pattern during the weaving process relative to the position of a woven pattern that is being formed into the fabric. Should the printed pattern and woven pattern fall out of alignment, the controller then alters the longitudinal size of the woven pattern, the printed pattern, or both patterns, in order to realign the patterns.

Abstract: Process for continuous dyeing of cellulosic circular knits composed of natural or modified hydroxy-containing or natural, modified or synthetic carboxamido-containing fiber materials with water-soluble dyes comprises initially impregnating the material with an aqueous dye solution, optionally comprising auxiliaries, in the course of the dyeing step, reducing the liquor content to 400% by weight, based on weight of fiber, by squeezing means customary for tubular material, and subsequently subjecting the liquor-comprising material to a leveling and fixing step for the dye applied to the material by transporting the rope of material continuously through the machine unit by means of the flowing dyeing liquor at a liquor ratio of up to 10:1.

Abstract: A jig is used to dye a textile web made of polyester fibers (PES fibers) or a blend of PES fibers with other fibers. Dye liquor is kept at boiling temperature or just slightly below the boiling temperature. Provided in the housed-in steam space above the dye liquor are steam-spray tubes which act on the textile web. The steam-spray tubes direct saturated steam upon the textile web as it winds onto the respective reeling lap roll.

Abstract: A weaving system is designed to automatically maintain a printed pattern in alignment with a woven pattern as a fabric is being formed. The printed pattern is printed onto the warp yarns. A controller is used to monitor the position of the printed pattern during the weaving process relative to the position of a woven pattern that is being formed into the fabric. Should the printed pattern and woven pattern fall out of alignment, the controller then alters the longitudinal size of the woven pattern, the printed pattern, or both patterns, in order to realign the patterns.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously treating a web of fabric in a first treatment section and a second treatment section through which the web of fabric passes. The first treatment section includes a desizing station. The desizing station includes an application stage having a plurality of spray nozzles, a dwell stage, a mechanical liquid removal device and a wash stage. A first return conduit fluidly connects the wash stage to the application stage. The method includes applying a size containing size carrier on the web of fabric to desize the web of fabric. The size containing size carrier is removed from the web of fabric after the size carrier has taken effect upon the web of fabric. At least a portion of the removed size containing size carrier is added to the size carrier solution before the solution is applied to an upstream portion of the web of fabric.

Abstract: A textile web, for example, a carpet web, is provided with a patterning agent including a thickening agent and subsequently steamed in a steamer. The agent residues remaining on the textile web are at least partially removed by mechanical means, and cleaned and decolorized in a cleaning unit, leaving a virtually pure thickening agent which can be reused for preparing a new batch of patterning agent in the batching tank.

Abstract: The invention refers to a process and a device for the treatment of fibrous material. In order to provide a process for the treatment of fibrous material which allows for cleaning and preparing fibrous material, the invention provides that fibrous material, especially combed sliver, textiles, non-woven fabrics and wool fiber bunches, are at first cleaned in a cleaning phase with support from a solvent, then dried in a vacuum drying phase, and then surface modified in a plasma treatment phase. The device (100,200) proposed according to the invention for the treatment of fibrous material comprises a cleaning vessel (102,202), a vacuum drier (104,204) and a plasma treatment vessel (106,206) for this purpose.

Abstract: In a device for application of a bath to a continuous textile web, a deflection roller is disposed in a trough. The textile web contacts the deflection roller when passing through the trough. The device permits variations in treatment of the textile web by varying the time that the web is in contact with the bath in the trough. The time that the web is in contact with bath in the trough is determined in part by the filling height of the bath in the trough which is controlled by treatment time adjustment means.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the dyeing raw cotton fibers in a continuous wet process includes cleaning raw cotton fibers, aligning and forming a cotton batt, and then providing the cotton batt to a continuous wet process dye system. The continuous wet process system includes a dye applicator, a steamer, a first rinser, an oxidizing applicator, a second rinser, and a finish rinser. The batt is conveyed at ambient temperature and pressure along a series of conveyor belts through the system, first being immersed in the dye solution in the dye applicator. The dye solution is an aqueous solution of dye, alkali, penetrant, and a solubilizer. After a short immersion in the dye solution, the batt is conveyed to a set of squeeze rollers which squeeze excess dye solution from the cotton. The cotton is then moved through a steamer to fix the dye, through a first rinser, and then through a second set of squeeze rollers to remove water. The oxidation process which occurs in the oxidizing applicator further fixes the dye.

Abstract: A device is provided by the invention, with which it is possible to execute a method for the dye fixation in reactive dyeing of cellulose goods or cellulose fibers of all types in a dye liquor containing auxiliaries for binding the reactive dye to the cellulose fibers, wherein in an air dryer the cellulose goods which are padded with the dye liquor can be subjected to a retentive treatment of predetermined length with a predetermined steam content of the air in the drying chamber. In the device the residual moisture of the cellulose goods is maintained at a value as far as the outlet of the chamber in which the reaction of the dyestuff with cellulose fibers takes place. A defined steam content of the chamber air can simultaneously be continuously--even with light goods--regulated independently of the weight of the goods, i.e. also independently of the amount of water brought into the dryer with the goods.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously treating traveling filaments includes an assembly for causing at least one filament to travel along a travel path and assembly for rotatably supporting one or more filaments for payout therefrom responsive to the influence of the assembly for causing the filaments to travel, an assembly for rotating the filament supports at a predetermined angular velocity to form a traveling twisted filament and an arrangement for applying treating fluid to the traveling filaments.

Abstract: A suede-like micro-fibril finish is imparted to fibrillatable cellulosic materials by open width hydraulic treatment. Additional enhancement of the fabric finish is obtained by post hydraulic enzyme and wet processing treatments. Fluid treated fabrics of the invention are characterized by substantially uniform fibrillation of fibers within the fabric body and surface areas.

Abstract: This Invention is a method and apparatus for spraying water on the underside of a series of colorant applicators in order to rinse excess colorant from the machine parts. There is a water manifold having a first end portion connected to an upper trolley by a pivoting joint and a second end portion attached to a lower trolley by both a pivoting joint and a sliding joint. Both the upper and lower trollies are constrained in the horizontal, vertical, and rotational direction by a series of cam followers. The extra degrees of freedom provided by the two pivoting joints and the sliding joint insure that no binding occurs. An optional feedback control system can be added utilizing a rotational position transducer to sense the angle of the water manifold so that the motion of the trolleys can be retarded or advanced accordingly.

Abstract: An improved process for applying a treating agent in the form of a foam to fibrous material wherein the improvement comprises applying foam having a blow ratio of from about 2:1 to about 6:1 using equipment designed for the application of liquid treating agents is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of removing contaminants from industrial process fabrics relying upon cryogenic techniques, wherein the fabric is impacted with solid particles of carbon dioxide. A cryoblaster projects the carbon dioxide particles at the fabric. The cryoblaster scans over the entirety of the fabric at a scanning rate particle velocity, and particle flow rate in order to insure that the fabric is cleaned without suffering any damage.

Abstract: Carbon fabric adsorbents are produced by using a cellulose fabric as precursor, which is pretreated by washing with water, drying, immersion in chemical solution, force adsorbing and drying to be rewound into rolls; leading the pretreated roll by one end into a high temperature reactor from the upper end of the reactor and out from below the reactor at a set rolling up speed; controlling the temperature from the upper part to the lower part in the reactor body by gradually increasing it, wherein at the lowest part where it is adjacent the outlet port the temperature is controlled to permit the precursor that has passed through inside the reactor to be heated gradually from the above downwardly so that the precursor is oxidized, carbonized and activated; while the precursor is being subject to reaction treatment in the reactor, passing on the lower part of the reactor a reverse water vapor stream opposite the direction of action of the precursor to allow the precursor to be activated and to blow clean micro-pa

Abstract: An hydraulic treatment apparatus (10) and method is provided for finishing and upgrading the quality of continuous filament cloth materials. The fabric (12) is supported on a member and impacted with a uniform, high density jet, fluid curtain (34,70) under controlled process energies. Low pressure/low energy treatments spread filaments in the fabric to reduce air porosity and provide improved uniformity in material finish. High pressure and energy treatments increase fabric bulk and porosity. Fluid treated fabrics of the invention demonstrate substantial improvement in at least two of uniformity, cover, opacity, increased or decreased bulk, increased or decreased air permeability, abrasion resistance, tensile strength, edge fray, and seam slippage.