Abstract: Leather is dyed with pigments in an aqueous liquor at from 20.degree. to 60.degree. C. in the presence of an alkoxylated amine of 20 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: Natural and synthetic polyamides are dyed with the betaines of 1:1 chromium complexes of sulfo-containing azo or azomethine dyes from an aqueous liquor.

Abstract: A continuous finishing process for flexible materials using a continuous printing machine of the thousand dot type. A small controlled amount of a finishing product, comprising 90 to 100% of photopolymerizable active material, is deposited at a rate of 5 to 35 g/m.sup.2 per pass in the printing machine. The finishing product is then photopolymerized, and a satining or graining operation is performed. The above stages are repeated until the desired finish is obtained.The finishing product is photopolymerizable under ultraviolet radiation and comprises unsaturated prepolymers, liquid monomers, and photoinitiators.The apparatus comprises at least one module comprising a continuous printing machine, an ultraviolet radiation oven, and a satining or graining machine, these various machines being placed so as to achieve a continuous conveying of pieces to be treated from one machine to the other.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion of a sulfonated metallizable dye containing(a) based on the total weight at least 10% of the sulfonated metallizable dye and(b) a sulfonated condensation product obtained by reacting an aromatic compound having at least two replaceable ring-positioned hydrogen atoms in any desired order with a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which X is a direct bond or oxygen, Hal is chlorine or bromine and n is 1 to 4, and sulfonation.

Abstract: Process for the bath pigmentation of leather, which comprises dyeing the leather with pigment dispersions which contain a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## where Ar is benzene or naphthalene,X is --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- and/or --CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--,0 to (m-1) of the radicals A are hydrogen,1 to m of the radicals A are benzoyl and/or naphthoyl,1 to m of the radicals A are --CO--CH.dbd.CH--COOM and/or --CO--CH.sub.2 --CH(SO.sub.3 M)--COOM, where M is a cation,R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 14 carbon atoms,R is hydrogen and/or alkyl of 1 to 9 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 150 and m is a number from 2 to 12,The pigment having an average particle size of 50 to 500, preferably 80 to 300, nm. By using these dispersions, which contain the pigments in a very finely divided form, it is possible to obtain thorough penetration of the leather with improved light fastness.

Abstract: In a process for printing on leather substrates using the transfer printing method by surface treatment of the substrate, applying an auxiliary carrier which is printed on with sublimable dyes and transferring the dyes to the substrate by dry heat treatment, the surface of the substrate is impregnated with an aqueous solution of a pre-condensate of a urea aldehyde resin or melamine aldehyde resin, the solvent is removed at a temperature which still does not cause condensation of the pre-condensate, and the dyes are transferred at a temperature of between 140.degree. and 250.degree. C. for a sufficiently long time for the pre-condensate to condense out at the same time.

Abstract: An improved process is described for obtaining synthetic hides similar to natural hides by application, to a composite sheet material formed of a porous polymeric matrix within which are embedded fibres, preferably polyamides, of a tanning phase entirely similar to that utilized on natural hides, followed by a treatment with an aqueous solution of a di- or polyaldehide and by a stuffing phase, also entirely similar to that utilized on natural hides; the improved principle consists in effecting, between the tanning phase and the treatment with the di- or polyaldehide, a filling phase in which synthetic polymeric resins mixed with synthetic and/or natural tannins are introduced and fixed into the porous matrix.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous dye formulations of water-soluble organic dyes are prepared by desalination and concentration of corresponding crude dye solutions by means of membrane separation processes. The effectiveness of the membrane separation process on the one hand and the stability of the dye formulations on the other hand is improved if dye solutions are subjected to cross-flow microfiltration before and/or after the membrane separation process and insoluble constituents are thus removed.

Abstract: A mixture of a textile auxiliary (T) obtained by reacting epichlorohydrin and ammonia in defined mole ratio, and a polymeric compound (P) which is a water-soluble homopolymer of a mono- or di-allylamine, or a water-soluble copolymer consisting of mono-, di- or tri-allylamine units may be used as an aftertreatment agent for fixation of anionic and sulphur dyeings on cellulosic fibres. The treated dyeings have better fastness properties than dyeings treated with either (T) or (P) alone.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous dye formulations of anionic dyes are prepared from the corresponding crude dye solutions or suspensions, in which the anionic dyes are present as potassium, sodium/potassium or ammonium/potassium mixed salts, by desalinating and concentrating the solutions or suspensions by means of a membrane separation process. Sodium salts of mineral acids or lower organic carboxylic acids are added before or during this process in order to improve the solubility of the dyes and thus the stability of the dye formulations.

Abstract: Dye compositions containing (a) at least one blue sulpho group-containing triphendioxazine dye and (b) at least one blue sulpho group-containing anthraquinone dye and preferably (c) lignine sulphonic acid or a salt of it and optionally (d) a non-ionic blending agent are outstandingly suitable for the level and fast dyeing of leather substrates.

Abstract: Complexes of the formula ##STR1## wherein each R.sub.1 is independently (a) the radical of a coupling component of the active methylene non-cyclic or homocyclic series, (b) the radical of a coupling component of the heterocyclic series or (c) the radical of a coupling component of the monocyclic benzene series,with the proviso that at least one R.sub.1 is the radical of a coupling component of the active methylene non-cyclic or homocyclic series,each R.sub.2 is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.4 R.sub.5,each R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or --SO.sub.2 NR.sub.4 R.sub.5, andeach M and M.sub.1 is independently hydrogen or a cation,wherein each R.sub.4 is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or C.sub.2-3 hydroxyalkyl, andeach R.sub.5 is independently hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.2-3 hydroxyalkyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexyl substituted by methyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by methyl, with the proviso that at least one of Ring A and R.sub.

Abstract: For improving the light-fastness of leather dyed with anionic dyes, the leather is treated, before, during or after dyeing, with a compound of copper.

Abstract: A chromium complex dye of the formula ##STR1## and salts thereof are used for dyeing polyamides or leather.

Abstract: A mixture comprising a yellow dye and a red dye each of formula I and a grey dye of formula II is employed in accordance with claim 1 for the trichromatic dyeing of leather.

Abstract: Leather, hides, skins or fur-skins are treated before and/or during dyeing with basic dyes, with a compound of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is a C.sub.8-18 aliphatic residue;each R.sub.2, independently, is C.sub.1-4 alkyl;R.sub.3 is a C.sub.1-18 aliphatic residue or --CH.sub.2 -R.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is phenyl; phenyl substituted by up to two substituents selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, methyl, methoxy and ethoxy; or naphthyl; andX is an anion,or a mixture thereof. Dyeings with improved levelness and reproducibility are thus obtained.

Abstract: The invention relates to water-soluble cationic polymers and to their use in leather dyeing. The polymers preferably have K values of from about 20-45 and are obtained by reacting polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile copolymers in the presence of alcohols or polyols, optionally in the presence of a sulfur-containing catalyst.

Abstract: Black trisazo dyes for cellulosic textiles, leather and especially paper having the structure ##STR1## where A is ##STR2## one of B.sub.1 and B.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other is --SO.sub.3 M or a mixture thereof, and M is hydrogen, sodium, potassium, lithium or --HNR.sub.1 R.sub.2 R.sub.3 wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 represent the same or different substituents selected from hydrogen, lower alkyl and lower hydroxyalkyl, and stable liquid concentrates of these dyes are described.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds (A) obtained by the reaction of epihalo-hydrin with a polyalkylene polyamine are useful as textile treatment agents. As pretreatment agents they improve the color yield of the subsequent dyeing, as aftertreatment agents they improve fastness properties. Certain of the products (A) are novel.

Abstract: A hair-reserving penetration dyeing of the leather side of wool- or fur-bearing skins is obtained by dyeing the wooled or fur skins in aqueous medium with hydrosoluble sulpho-group-containing sulphur dyes (a) in the presence of dye-substantive uptake assistant (b) and of non-ionic and/or anionic hydrophilic dispersants (c) and optionally in the presence of leather fatting agents (d).

Abstract: Tanned leather is penetration-dyed from aqueous medium with hydrospluble sulpho group-containing sulphur dyes in the presence of dye-substantive uptake assistants and may be used as a substrate for further coloration processes, mainly dyeings and printings, in particular with anionic or basic dyes; in a variation of the process for overdyeing, in particular of thin leathers, the penetration-dyeing may also be carried out in the absence of the dye-substantive uptake assistant.

Abstract: The coating of surfaces to impart gloss and protect from weathering, and the use of solvents in paint formulations, are disclosed; the following being exemplary: Compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are saturated alkyls having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms therein. R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, alternatively, may be the same and form a nitrogen heterocyclic compound such as that derived from, for example, a pyrrolidine, a piperidine or a hexahydroazepine.

Abstract: A process for dyeing or printing textile fibre materials with reactive dyes, which comprises using reactive dyes which contain at least one radical of the formula--SO.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 (1a)or--SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --X (1b)and at least one radical of the formula ##STR1## in which X is an inorganic or organic radical detachable under alkaline conditions, R is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1-4 -alkyl, Y is oxygen or sulfur and R.sub.1 is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic radical, gives dyeings or prints having good fastness properties.

Abstract: Liquid water-containing concentrated reactive dye-stuff preparations of monofluorotriazinyl reactive dye-stuffs with a pH value of at least 8, preferably 8.5-10, are stable on storage and display no noticeable hydrolysis, even after prolonged storage.

Abstract: A process of dyeing polyamide-containing material is disclosed using dyes of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein Me is cobalt or chromium,Ka.sup..sym. is a cation,p is 0 or 1,R and R' are each independently of the other hydrogen or a group of the formula --CO--(O).sub.n --Y, wheren is 0 or 1, andY is C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl, or phenyl which may be substituted by nitro, halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkoxy,with the proviso that R and R' may not both be hydrogen if p is 1.Novel dyes within this class are also disclosed. The process is especially useful for dyeing leather.

Abstract: The invention relates to aqueous/organic or purely organic solutions of anionic dyes, the principal feature of which solutions is that they contain the dye or dyes, dissolved in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 monoalkyl ether of propylene glycol, or of butylene glycol, or in a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 carboxylic acid ester thereof, or in a mixture of these solvents. Such dyestuff solutions are storage stable and are especially suitable for spray dyeing leather.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for dyeing of natural leathers by using a reactive dyestuff having at least one S-triazinyl group to which a substituent group having a quaternary nitrogen atom is bonded via the quaternary nitrogen atom without using any acid-binder, any substance releasing the acid-binder or any inorganic electrolyte, thereby obtaining the dyed natural leathers excellent in light fastness, alkaline-sweat and wet fastness.

Abstract: Artificial leather and a dyeing method therefor; the leather includes ultrafine polyamide fibers and is particularly a grained artificial leather having bright, deep color, good color fastness to dry cleaning with charged soap, a delicate touch free from any undesirable rubber-like feeling, as well as high durability.A super-entangled fiber base is provided comprising ultrafine polyamide fibers and/or bundles thereof; polyurethane including polyoxyethylene of molecular weight of 500-5,000 is applied. The polyamide ultrafine fibers are dyed with a metal-dye complex and a fixing agent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for preparing a suede leather product from animal hides. The hide is scalded before tanning and the finished product can be washed and ironed in a manner similar to a woolen garment. The hide is pretanned in formaldehyde, neutralized in sodium bicarbonate, tanned with a basic chrome solution, neutralized with sodium sulfate, and dyed with a direct color dye. More specifically, an outer suede product is obtained from the external corium of the skin, instead of the flesh side, with the result that less expensive sheepskin acceptable to the trade can be used in place of top grade kidskin and goatskin suedes. In a preferred practice of the method, the hide is burnt twice in scalding steps carried out in a swelling state, soon after first and second fleshing steps and, prior to a bating step. The burning affects the entire thickness of the fibrous grain layer by exposing the upper layer of the corium by soaking the hide in the third solution of sodium sulfide after a third fleshing step.

Abstract: Acid nitro dyestuffs are prepared by treating aminonitrodiphenylaminesulfonic acids with an oxidizing agent in an aqueous medium, the oxidizing agent employed being a manganese-(VI) or manganese-(VII) compound and the reaction being carried out at a pH higher than 5 and at a temperature between 20.degree. and 100.degree. C. The dyestuffs thus obtainable dye even fresh full-grained chrome leather in full shades.

Abstract: A process is described for spray-drying readily water-soluble dyes and fluorescent brighteners from a saturated aqueous solution which contains undissolved dye or fluorescent brightener in a ratio between dissolved and undissolved matter of 1:9 to 9:1.The free-flowing dye or brightener granulates obtained in this process are distinguished by high bulk density, abrasion resistance and dimensional stability.

Abstract: Acid nitrodyestuffs are prepared by treating aminonitrodiphenylaminesulfonic acids with an oxidizing agent in an aqueous medium, the oxidizing agent being hypochlorous acid or its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts and the reaction taking place at above pH 4 and at a temperature between 0.degree. and 100.degree. C. The dyestuffs thus obtainable dye even fresh full chrome grained leather in deep shades.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for marking mineral tanned leather by treating the unfinished leather with an anionic aqueous dispersion of a fluorescent pigment. The marked leather can then be sorted by exposure to UV-radiation.

Abstract: The dyes of the formula I indicated in patent claim 1 are suitable for dyeing furs and especially leather.They are preferably used as a mixture with a blue dye and a red dye for dyeing leather by the trichromatic process.

Abstract: A dyestuff of formula: ##STR1## wherein: the groups X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, cyano, optionally substituted amino or carboxylic acid ester groups; (R).sub.n represents n substituents R each of which is independently halogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy or --COOH and n is 0 or 1; R.sub.1 is hydrogen, or optionally substituted lower alkyl; Y is an optionally substituted aliphatic or optionally substituted araliphatic group; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl or aralkyl group; A.sup.- is an anion; a is 0 or 1; and Z is hydrogen, optionally substituted lower alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted aralkyl.The dyes are useful for the coloration of materials such as textiles, leather, inks and lacquers.

Abstract: A phthalocyanine compound which is represented by a free acid of the following formula, ##STR1## wherein Pc is a metal-free or metal-containing phthalocyanine residue, W is a group of ##STR2## in which R' and R" are independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl or ethyl group, and n is an integer of from 2 to 6, R is an unsubstituted or substituted lower alkyl group, A is an unsubstituted or substituted phenylene or naphthylene group, Y is a group of --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Z in which Z is a group capable of being split by the action of an alkali, a is a positive number of from 1 to 3, and b and c are independently a positive number of from 0 to 3, provided that a, b and c statisfy 0<a+b+c.ltoreq.4, and which is useful for dyeing or printing fiber materials, particularly cellulose fiber materials, to give a dyed or printed product of a brilliant turquoise blue color excellent in various fastness, particularly light fastness and wet fastness.

Abstract: A mixture of cationic compounds of the formulae ##STR1## is obtained by reaction of a compound of the formula ##STR2## with an aldehyde of the formula II ##STR3## in an aqueous or organic medium, in the presence of an acid, in which formulae, the symbols have the meanings defined in claim 1. The mixtures obtained are suitable in particular for the dyeing of paper, whereby neutral-yellow dyeings are obtained.

Abstract: A mixture of at least three selected 1:2 chromium or 1:2 cobalt complex dyes of different colors and belonging to the azo or azomethine series is used for dyeing leather and furs. The mixtures of dyes make it possible for the first time to dye leather by the trichromatic process.

Abstract: The invention relates to oligomers containing structural units of the formulae ##STR1## wherein X.sub.1 is --CN, --COOR.sub.1, --OOCR.sub.2 or --CONHR.sub.3, Y.sub.1 is --COOH or --COOM.sub.2, Y.sub.2 is --CONH.sub.2, --CH.sub.2 OH, --OCH.sub.3 or --OC.sub.2 H.sub.5, each of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2 and Z.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, each of M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 is an amine cation, an ammonium cation or an alkali metal cation, and each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl containing altogether at most 8 carbon atoms, fatliquoring the treated leather and drying it, and, if appropriate, additionally dyeing said treated leather before or after it has been fatliquored.These oligomers are suitable for use as tanning agents in a process for retanning chrome-tanned leather.

Abstract: The dyes of the formula I indicated in patent claim 1 are suitable for dyeing furs and especially leather.They are preferably used as a mixture with a red dye and a yellow dye for dyeing leather by the trichromatic process.

Abstract: Concentrated fluid formulations of textile dyes, leather dyes or paper dyes, comprising(1) metal-free dyes,(2) non-ionic compounds having a hydrotropic action, at least one of components (3) or (4), component(3) being a reaction product of a fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms and 1 to 2 mols of diethanolamine, and component(4) being a compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic, aromatic or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon radical having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl, A is --O-- or ##STR2## X is the acid radical of an inorganic, oxygen-containing acid, the acid radical of a polybasic carboxylic acid or a carboxyalkyl radical and m is a number from 1 to 50,(5) water, a water-soluble organic solvent having a boiling point of at least 80.degree. C.

Abstract: Leather dyeing agents, which can be obtained by concentrating, by means of a membrane separation process, the mother liquors, which are produced in the salting-out process in the preparation of organic dyestuffs which are water-soluble or which contain groups imparting water-solubility, the mother liquors having an extinction in the absorption maximum which is .gtoreq.500, with a layer thickness of 10 cm, and by drying the concentrate, if appropriate.

Abstract: What is disclosed are improved methods for the preparation of leather wherein, in one or more steps for preparing leather from animal skins or hides, including beamhouse operations such as soaking, dehairing, opening of the hide structure, deliming, bating, pickling, and degreasing to prepare dehaired tannable hides from animal skins or hides, and including subsequent tanning, retanning, and dying steps performed on said tannable hides, a thickening agent is added to at least one of the treating baths involved in such method steps.

Abstract: Water-soluble phthalocyanine compounds of the formula ##STR1## and their salts, wherein Pc is the radical of the metal-free phthalocyanine or of a phthalocyanine containing metals, X means a hydrogen atom, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are a hydrogen atom each or a lower, optionally substituted alkyl group, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being identical or different from one another, or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with nitrogen atom and an alkylene radical or another heteroatom and two lower alkylene radicals form a heterocyclic ring, a stands for an integer or fractional number of from 1 to 4, b stands for an integer or fractional number from 0 to 3 and c stands for an integer or fractional number from 0 to 3, with a, b and c being identical or different from one another, their sum, however, being from 1 to 4. The novel phthalocyanines can be prepared by reaction of phthalocyanine sulfochlorides optionally containing sulfo-groups with cyanamide or the salts thereof, optionally with another amine of the formula HNR.sup.1 R.sup.

Abstract: A composition and process for producing pigmentation in hair and skin is disclosed which employs non-mutagenic compounds to duplicate naturally occurring biosynthetic colors. The composition for imparting golden coloration comprises as active ingredients a solution of a tyrosine derivative having a side chain with a substituted amine group in admixture with certain compounds having a reactive nitrogen moiety, and is topically applied in the presence of an oxidant. The composition for imparting a dark coloration comprises as active ingredients s solution of tyrosine derivative having a side chain free for indole formation in admixture with certain compounds having a reactive nitrogen moiety, and is topically applied in the presence of an oxidant. Mixtures of the two compositions may be applied to impart proportionate intermediate colors.

Abstract: A natural, edible dye, characterized by particular infrared and ultraviolet spectra and a method for its production, in which cell walls of the skins of colored beans of the genus Phaseolus, such as black beans, are destroyed, the released dye is extracted with water or an aqueous solution of a weak organic acid after weak acidulation, the obtained extract is separated from the skin residues, and the solution is concentrated and dried. The dye is used, in particular, for coloring foodstuffs and snack foods, beverages, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, and for coloring textiles, paper and leather.

Abstract: Mixtures of (1) reaction products obtained from (a) epoxides, for example polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A, (b) primary amines having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and (c) polymerized fatty acids, for example dimerized or trimerized linoleic acids and linolenic acids, and optionally (d) difunctional compounds, for example epichlorohydrin, acrylic acid or acrylonitrile, and (2) aminoplast precondensates, for example methylolated and lower alkyl-etherified melamine or urea, are useful as leather finishes and are preferably employed in the form of organic-aqueous emulsions.

Abstract: As an additive in dyeing and marking agents, 0.5 to 20% by weight of an alkali alcoholate, particularly the sodium or potassium salt of tertiary butanol, is used. The dyeing and marking agents have high contrast (PSC-value greater than 0.8) and have no corrosive action. The agents are particularly suitable as the recording liquid in printers and ink jet recorders.

Abstract: A method for the wet processes in tanneries, e.g. soaking, liming, deliming, bating, pickling and tanning, wherein the liquids or solutions necessary for these processes are injected by high pressure into the hide or skin, and an apparatus for the realization of said method, wherein piston-type shooting devices are arranged in rows and a conveyor is provided receiving the hide or skin conveying it stepwise below the shooting devices and having holding-up members for pressing the hide against the shooting devices while the injection of said liquids or solutions takes place.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the lightfastness of conventionally dyed leathers by treating the leathers before, during or after fatting with alkane and/or chloroalkane sulfonamides in amounts of about 0.1 to 8 weight percent, based on the shaved weight of the leather. Used as alkane sulfonamides and chloroalkane sulfonamides are preferably products with a chain length of about 10 to 35 carbon atoms and a chlorine content of about 10 to 40%. The alkane and/or chloroalkane sulfonamides are advantageously used in aqueous solution or in stable emulsion. A substantial improvement in lightfastness is obtained regardless of the type of the dye, tanning agent, fatting agent or other leather treating agent used.