Abstract: The invention discloses a gardenia blue pigment with high brightness and low redness and a preparation method therefor, and belongs to the technical field of pigment extraction. Genipin, an enzymolysis product of gardenia extract, is used as a raw material. Genipin and amino acids (phenylalanine, tryptophan, glycine, or tyrosine) are weighed at a molar ratio of 1:(0.375-0.75), and subjected to a polymerization reaction under a conventional condition to generate a gardenia blue precursor. The gardenia blue precursor is oxidized to develop a color, refined by using ultrafiltration membrane, and finally spray-dried to obtain the gardenia blue pigment with high brightness, low redness, and low cost.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for purifying leucoindigo salt solutions, for removal of aromatic amines, particularly aniline and N-methylaniline, comprising: adding to a purification vessel a leucoindigo salt solution containing aromatic amines, said solution in the form of a stationary mass; bubbling with a controlled flow rate an inert gas in the purification vessel, by means of a device submerged at the surface of the stationary mass; injecting with a controlled flow rate a gas purification current into the vessel, by means of a device submerged at the stationary mass; and recovering the purified solution from the vessel. It also refers to the use of inert gas in a process for purifying leucoindigo salt solutions, acting as a gas anti-foaming agent, to reduce foam and chances of product stripping during processing.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for obtaining melanin from invertebrate biomass. The method may comprise rupturing the invertebrate biomass to form raw material; demineralizing the raw material to form a first solid fraction; deproteinating the first solid fraction to form a second solid fraction; liberating a melanin from the second solid fraction resulting in a supernatant comprising the melanin; extracting the supernatant; and precipitating the melanin. The present disclosure further provides a purified melanin obtained from invertebrate biomass.

Abstract: A method of producing cosmetic skin dye, including a) extracting the liquid contained in the pecan husks, b) separating the extracted liquid in oil and sediments by means of natural sedimentation, c) homogeneously mixing said sediments with oil of the pecan husks to produce said skin dye, and d) applying the cosmetic skin dye in the skin of a user. The pecan husks are obtained from an unripe pecan. A higher concentration of sediments in the homogenous mixture produces a darker shade of cosmetic dye.

Abstract: The invention refers to the manufacturing of a novel group of sulfur dyes in which are used, as raw material, different kind of natural “biomass”, usually existing in the nature, and transforming them into soluble dyestuffs, capable to dye textile fibres, preferably cellulose fibres and derivatives, as cotton, viscose, paper, tencel, with high strength and fast colour properties. For this purpose, the concept “Biomass”, is defined as the residual product obtained from the usual human crop activities, in agricultural and forestry sectors.

Abstract: A dye produced from tobacco plant materials selected from tobacco plants are described and a process for making the dye from the tobacco plants. In a preferred embodiment, the tobacco plants are organically grown and the stems and leaves of the plants are utilized to produce the dye. In one embodiment, the process percolates a hot liquid solution onto the plant materials to produce tobacco plant fiber and the dye. In the preferred embodiment, the process includes the steps of grinding the plant materials, adding treated water to form a solution, adding plant enzymes, heating the solution for set periods of time and selectively adjusting the pH level of the solution. The dye can be produced in many colors and does not require a mordant to bind. The process does not produce waste. The process expands the use of tobacco plants, minimizes environmental impacts and requires less material, fuel and other resources.

Abstract: Anthocyanin pigments/dyes are extracted from corn kernels by adding corn kernels with less than 5% by weight of corn kernels comprising broken kernels to an aqueous medium to form an aqueous-corn medium. The corn kernels have in excess of 0.1 mg of anthocyanin pigment/dye per gram of corn kernel therein. The anthocyanin pigment/dye in the corn kernels has greater than 40% by weight of anthocyanin as an acid or acylated form of the anthocyanin. The aqueous corn medium is agitated at a temperature above 35° C. The solid corn kernels are separated from the aqueous corn medium to form an extract of anthocyanin in aqueous medium having less than 1.0% solids therein before concentration or purification steps are performed on the extract.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for production of natural dye from skin of fruits using submerged membrane water extractor system. The process uses an ultrafiltration submerged membrane and nanofiltration cross flow membrane. The product containing the natural dye flows through the membrane contains plentiful of pure natural dye. This process is the integrated by extractor and membrane (ultrafiltration and nanofiltration) technology.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for production of natural dye from skin of fruits using submerged membrane water extractor system. The process uses an ultrafiltration submerged membrane and nanofiltration cross flow membrane. The product containing the natural dye flows through the membrane contains plentiful of pure natural dye. This process is the integrated by extractor and membrane (ultrafiltration and nanofiltration) technology.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to make a blue colorant as a liquid and as a powder, wherein the blue colorant is derived from unprocessed raw juice obtained from Genipa americana fruit pulp, and wherein said raw juice is mixed with glycine (liquid) or with glycine plus starch (powder). Except for an additional step of warming up the juice-glycine mix, and in the case of the powder further dehydration of the juice-glycine-starch remix, no further steps are required to make a temperature and PH stable blue colorant which may be applied in textile, pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics, and other industries.

Abstract: A textile dyeing method includes a drying step 100 of drying a natural material within a set temperature range in which a coloring component of the natural material is hardly altered, thereby bringing the natural material into an absolutely dried state or a nearby state, a pulverizing step 200 of pulverizing the dried natural material obtained in the drying step 100 into fine powder of not larger than particle size being passable through at least 80 mesh in terms of sieve standards while controlling temperature of the natural material not to exceed the set temperature range, and a dyeing step 300 of mixing and dispersing the fine powdery natural material into a liquid, and immersing a textile in the liquid containing the fine powdery natural material in suspended condition, thus causing the fine powdery natural material suspended in the liquid to be physically attached to the textile.

Abstract: Anthocyanin pigments/dyes are extracted from corn kernels by adding corn kernels with less than 5% by weight of corn kernels comprising broken kernels to an aqueous medium to form an aqueous-corn medium. The corn kernels have in excess of 0.1 mg of anthocyanin pigment/dye per gram of corn kernel therein. The anthocyanin pigment/dye in the corn kernels has greater than 40% by weight of anthocyanin as an acid or acylated form of the anthocyanin. The aqueous corn medium is agitated at a temperature above 35° C. The solid corn kernels are separated from the aqueous corn medium to form an extract of anthocyanin in aqueous medium having less than 1.0% solids therein before concentration or purification steps are performed on the extract.

Abstract: A method of preparing a purified purple corn coloring agent comprising passing a purple corn color extract solution through an adsorption resin, washing with water, and releasing the purple corn color from the resin with the use of an aqueous solution containing alcohol of 25 to 45 v/vt %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a natural dye using beer sludge, and a dyeing method of a fiber product using a natural dye fabricated by the above method capable of extracting natural components from beer sludge that is a by-product after beer is manufactured. The method includes the steps of a step for drying beer sludge, a step for mixing the dried beer sludge with a certain extraction solvent selected from the group comprising water, electrolysis reduction water, and electrolysis oxidation water, and extracting a coloring component, and a step for filtering an extraction liquid. It is possible to achieve a desired recycling effect using wastes of beer sludge. The woven fabrics dyed using the dyes extracted from beer sludge may be widely adapted to various fiber products and has an excellent laundry fastness and excellent antibiotic property.

Abstract: A fiber is dyed with fine powder of peels of citrus fruits, the fine powder being obtained by pulverizing dried peels of the citrus fruits. The dyeing is performed using a bath of a dye extracted from the fine powder of the peels of the citrus fruits, or performed at the same time as extracting the dye. The fine powder of the peels of the citrus fruits used in the dyeing is powder having passed a sieve of 140 to 50 mesh.

Abstract: Use of an extract of the plant Myrsine africana in oxidation dyeing for dyeing keratin fibres, a novel composition comprising this plant extract, a process for the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres using this composition, as well as the coloured products obtained using the composition.

Abstract: Anthocyanic colorant made of vegetable primary material and process for its production relate to food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and textile industry and may be used in production of alcoholic and soft drinks, confectionery, products made of sour milk, in coloring of tablet capsules, dying of children's underwear, toys, etc. According to the invention, pelargonidin glycoside was added to the composition of the natural colorant that contained cyanidin glycosides, peonidin glycosides, organic substance and mineral salts. The components percentage shall be as follows, %: cyanidin glycoside 0.1-8.6; peonidin glycoside 0.08-6.45 pelargonidin glycoside 0.005-4.3; organic substance and mineral salts—the rest. Due to the fact that the colorant solution contains pelergonidin glycoside further to cyanidin and peonidin glycosides, the proposed colorant obtained expanded color spectrum. Combination of these three anthocyans in the proposed colorant provides for the most rich spectrum of red colors.

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention provides a process for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide textile fibers wherein the process comprises the steps of: a. providing at least one polyamide fiber; and b. contacting the at least one polyamide fiber with an aqueous dye solution comprising a yellow component, a red component and a blue component, wherein the yellow component comprises a mixture of Acid Orange 156 and Acid Yellow 199 thereby providing a dyed fiber. In a further aspect, the invention provides compositions for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide fibers.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process of improving the total yield of curcuminoids from curcuminoid-containing material. More specifically, there is provided a process wherein a second residue, previously considered a waste resulting from a crystallisation step of a curcuminoid-containing phase, is made useful by improving the coloring properties of this second residue by extraction with hexane and/or methanol at ambient temperature. The pro??cess improves the total yield of curcuminoids by 30-40%.

Abstract: The process is based on the stabilization of a natural colorant such as cephalopod ink and is carried out in two phases, a microbiological stabilization and a chemisal stabilization, the first being carried out between 80 and 90° C. and the chemical stabilization being carried out by mixing with chemical absorbents such as plant carbon and a cellulose hydrolisate, and incorporating a common salt, medicinal plant carbon, cellulose hydrolisate and water, while providing for a stabilization time prior to packaging. The present invention can be used to obtain extruded substitute products such as the simulation of the backs, eyes and eye spots of squids and the colour of the legs and the degraded bicolor of calamars.

Abstract: This invention relates to the in situ process for converting non-free-form xanthophylls to free xanthophylls in the biological material of the plant. The method, more particularly, relates to a method that would liberate xanthophylls by transesterification of acyl-xanthophylls in plant materials which is used as a natural food colorant.

Abstract: The production and use of a stable ruby red natural colorant prepared from an anthocyanin derived from purple hulled sunflower is described. The production of the ruby red natural colorant comprises the extraction of anthocyanin with an organically acidified aqueous solution and separating the extract from residual material. The extract can be concentrated to produce a ruby red concentrate. The natural colorant produced is stable over a wide pH range and upon exposure to light and elevated temperatures. The natural colorant is useful as a coloring agent for food products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and other materials.

Abstract: A process of preparing a dye composition and a resultant dye composition. The process includes preparing a mixture comprising a triphenylmethane dye and oxidation products by reacting methylenedianiline, aniline, an oxidation catalyst, and an oxidant; separating the oxidation products from the triphenylmethane dye to produce an aqueous solution of oxidation products; treating the solution of oxidation products with a basic compound; separating unreacted aniline from the solution of oxidation products and forming a mixture of oxidation products; and sulfonating the mixture of oxidation products to form a dye composition.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of food colors from hibiscus flowers comprising the steps of removing the calyx and the androceum of half bloom flowers; washing the flowers; and storing the flowers in a pre-cleaned stainless vessel; heating the flowers with water in a decoction chamber to at least 65 degrees to 70 degrees celsius; preparing a 5 percent w/v solution of an alkaline amino acid in demineralized water; adding the alkaline amino acid solution to the decoction chamber containing the flowers until the pH in the aqueous phase is 7.5 to 8; heating the mixture in the decoction chamber till the temperature of the aqueous phase exceeds boiling point and steam is generated with pressure of at least 1.

Abstract: A novel black coloring material is obtained by treating a chitosan with a dyestuff of the lithospermum root. If a water-insoluble chitosan is used as the chitosan, a finely divided black coloring material is obtained, and if a gelatinous chitosan salt is used as the chitosan, a gelatinous black coloring material is obtained. If a water-soluble chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharide or D-glucosamine, or a salt thereof is used as the chitosan, a liquid black coloring material is obtained. If a powdery polymeric substance is treated with such a black coloring material, a polymer-based black coloring material is obtained, and if a fiber is dyed with such a black coloring material, the fiber is dyed to a black color having a low lightness.

Abstract: A dyed textile article treated with tannic acid and dyed with an extract of mycelia or basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum. This article is produced by a process comprising contacting a substrate article of cotton, linen, silk or wool first with a pretreating bath containing tannic acid or a natural material containing tannic acid, e.g. gall, then with a mordant bath containing an alumina mordant, such as grass or wood ashes, and finally with the mycelia or basidiocarps of Ganoderma lucidum. This dyed textile article has not only a natural color and feeling, with a sufficient depth of color, but also antimicrobial and antiallergic functions.

Abstract: A composition for treating hair including Coulteria tinctoria pod extract activated by high temperatures, which composition is formulated into a thixotropic paste or cream for direct application to hair, subjecting the hair to the composition for a selected time, washing, setting and drying the hair.

Abstract: A method is provided for recovering astaxanthin, astaxanthin carotenoids, astaxanthin esters, chitin and proteins from crustacean tissues containing such. The method comprises an initial extraction of crustacean tissue with boiling lye to form an alkaline extract and an extracted residue. The alkaline extract, upon cooling, forms separate layers from which can be recovered component protein, astaxanthin, astaxanthin carotenoids and astaxanthin esters. The lye extracted residue of chitin-containing such crustacean tissue is readily processed to provide chitin.

Abstract: A red colorant based on carminic acid which is substantially stable against color changes when exposed to acidic media and a method for preparing the same is disclosed wherein carminic acid is reacted with effective amounts of a nitrogenous base and an organic acid. In preferred embodiments, the colorant composition is edible and may be used in conjunction with pharmaceuticals, foods, and cosmetics.

Abstract: Plant materials such as petals, leaves, fruits, are gathered, dried at a minimum temperature of 70.degree. C., and pulverized so as to produce light-fast, lustrous dyestuffs. Subsequently, an acid or base substance is added. It is preferred that a pH value that corresponds to the pH value of the plant materials when fresh is set. A binding agent can be added subsequently.

Abstract: The production and use of a high-intensity red natural colorant prepared from an anthocyanin derived from the cell line of Daucus carota (carrot) is described. The production of the high-intensity red natural colorant comprises the cultivation of Daucus carota in a cell tissue culture. Carrot cells are extracted from the cell tissue culture after subculturing and a suitable growth period. The extract is then purified in order to isolate the anthocyanin found in the carrot cells. The anthocyanin is then concentrated to produce the red natural colorant of the invention. The natural colorant produced is stable over a wide pH range under various conditions. The natural colorant is useful as a coloring agent for food products, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: A natural blue dye composition that has improved stability and which can be used as a colorant in a broad range of applications including foodstuffs and drugs, and a process for preparing the same are disclosed.Genipin which is derived from gardenia fruit by hydrolysis of iridoid glycoside geniposide under action of .beta.-glucosidase, is reacted with taurine to produce a stable blue dye compositions.

Abstract: Light-fast capsules for dihydropyridines such as nifedipine and nisoldipine are formed of gelatin colored with a mixture of .beta.-carotene and iron oxide.

Abstract: The novel asymmetric 1:2 chrome complex dyes of the formula I given in claim 1 are suitable in particular for dyeing wool or polyamide and especially leather.

Abstract: Grape pomace is contacted with an aqueous extraction solvent containing HSO.sub.3.sup.- ions to form anthocyanin-(HSO.sub.3) complex. The complex is recovered by treating the liquid extract phase with a non-ionic adsorbent to adsorb the complex. Anthocyanin colorant, free of the HSO.sub.3.sup.- ions is recovered by elution with an acidified organic solvent for anthocyanin. The anthocyanin colorant may be provided in dry form by drying the solvent solution. This process allows us to remove sugars, organic acids, polymerized anthocyanin pigment and other water soluble material, thus providing a highly "colored" monomeric anthocyanin pigment. The anthocyanin colorant produced by this process is at least 10 times more concentrated than that produced by conventional methods and about two times stronger than most of the concentrated pigment.

Abstract: The storage and light stability of an anthocyanin food colorant obtained by extraction from grape pomace is enhanced by combination with tannic acid.

Abstract: Spirulina blue, which is not soluble at low pH, is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in an aqueous alkaline medium. The pH of the aqueous system is lowered and the liquid phase is dried to produce a blue dye in dry form which is soluble at low pH. The blue dye is useful as a blue colorant in food products, particularly food products, such as beverages, in which acid solubility is desired.

Abstract: A natural, edible dye, characterized by particular infrared and ultraviolet spectra and a method for its production, in which cell walls of the skins of colored beans of the genus Phaseolus, such as black beans, are destroyed, the released dye is extracted with water or an aqueous solution of a weak organic acid after weak acidulation, the obtained extract is separated from the skin residues, and the solution is concentrated and dried. The dye is used, in particular, for coloring foodstuffs and snack foods, beverages, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, and for coloring textiles, paper and leather.

Abstract: This invention has for its object new cosmetic compositions for treating hair and skin containing a powder of plant origin obtained from extraction residues of various plants.

Abstract: A process for the extraction of an anthocyanin-type color from a natural product which comprises bringing the natural product containing said color into contact with a sulfite ion-containing aqueous solution at a temperature of 85.degree. C. or higher for 30 minutes or less, at which time the sulfite ion content of said aqueous solution firstly contacting the natural product is adjusted to at least 10,000 ppm in terms of SO.sub.2.

Abstract: Process for stabilizing dyestuffs sensitive to light and/or oxidation, especially natural dyestuffs, by adsorption on a highly disperse adsorbent, whereby the dyestuff is immobilized, as well as the application of the process to dyestuffs which are determined for dyeing medicines, for instance gelatine capsules for medicinal purposes, cosmetics, food stuffs and animal feed.

Abstract: Aqueous solutions of anthocyans are purified by contacting same with a particular, metallic oxide adsorbent, said adsorbent being coated with a thin film of a styrene polymer, and thence by separating the adsorbent and treating it with an eluant. The eluate and the dry, powdery anthocyans which can be obtained therefrom are useful red, blue and violet industrial colorants, especially food colorants.

Abstract: Preparing an edible stabilized betanidine pigment by complexing an extract of Beta vulgaris with an acid polysaccharide.

Abstract: Pigment is extracted from seeds containing the same by contacting the seeds with water containing one or more alpha-enzymes for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to extract the pigment. In particular, annatto pigment can be extracted from the seeds of Bixa orellana L. by the aforementioned process.