Abstract: A method for dyeing and/or retanning of leather objects includes providing a leather object. The leather object has been processed by at least a tanning process. The leather object is introduced into a process chamber. The leather object is subjected in the process chamber to a pressurized fluid. The pressure of the pressurized fluid is controlled to reach a supercritical state. The leather object is subjected to a dyeing agent and/or a retanning agent, which dyeing or retanning agent is dissolved and/or transported in the pressurized fluid for at least a predefined period of time while the pressurized fluid is in the supercritical state. The pressure is reduced in the process chamber. The leather object is removed from the process chamber. The pressure reduction is controlled over time.

Abstract: The present technology provides an illustrative method for dyeing textiles that includes intermixing a dye with super-critical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) to form a dye solution and immersing a fabric in the dye solution. The method further includes applying an electric field to the dye solution to cause charged particles of the dye solution to separate and cause the dye to diffuse into the fabric.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dyeing a substrate with a reactive dyestuff in supercritical or near supercritical carbon dioxide, said substrate being selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers, modified cellulose fibers, protein fibers and of synthetic fibers, or any combination thereof, wherein the method comprises the subsequent steps of: pre-treating the substrate by wetting the substrate with a fluid medium containing at least 10 wt. %, preferably at least 40 wt. % of one or more organic hydrogen bond acceptor compounds selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 alkanols, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetone, butan-2-one, dimethyl ether, methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; dyeing the substrate by contacting the pre-treated substrate with supercritical or near supercritical carbon dioxide containing a reactive dyestuff.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of dyeing a substrate with a reactive dyestuff in supercritical or near supercritical carbon dioxide, said substrate being selected from the group consisting of cellulose fibers; modified cellulose fibers; protein fibers; synthetic fibers and any combination thereof, wherein the method comprises dyeing said substrate by contacting the substrate with supercritical or near supercritical carbon dioxide containing a reactive dyestuff and one or more acids in a concentration of at least 0.05 mol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing polyester fibre material according to the exhaust method, which process comprises the following steps: (a) pre-treatment of the fibre material with one or more surfactants, (b) dyeing with one or more disperse dyes, and (c) reductive after-treatment with a hydroxyalkylsulfinic acid or a hydroxyalkylsulfinic acid salt, wherein steps (a), (b) and (c) are carried out in succession in a single liquor.

Abstract: A colored substrate is positioned between a material and a laser, and the material is scribed with a laser that has been directed through the colored substrate. By so doing, color is transferred to the material to form the color graphic without undesirably carbonizing, melting or burning through the material. The energy density per unit time can be defined as continuous power divided by the area of the spot and the speed.

Abstract: A process for treating a textile substrate, the process including the steps of providing a textile substrate; providing a treatment bath; entraining a transport material in the treatment bath wherein the transport material further comprises a treatment material dissolved or suspended therein and wherein the transport material is substantially immiscible with the treatment bath; and contacting the textile substrate with the transport material in the treatment bath to thereby treat the textile substrate with the treatment material in the transport material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel manufacturing method for coloring and lustering substance, especially suitable for coloring and lustering a carbonizable substance, without using pigments or dyes. The method utilizes the relationship between heat, gas and time to allow a substance to directly form and change color. The color-forming or color-changing phenomena is due to the natural quantity change effects caused by the heat, gas and time, which comprises at least one kind of color, color series or color and luster change.

Abstract: In a method for dyeing textile material with one or more fiber-reactive disperse dyestuffs in a supercritical or almost critical fluid, such as CO2, which textile material is selected from the group consisting of silk, wool and cellulose, combinations thereof and combinations of one or more thereof with synthetic fibers, such as polyester and/or polyamide, the relative humidity of the fluid is in the range from 10-100% during dyeing. Textile materials which have been dyed with the aid of this method have properties which are at least equal to those of textile materials of the same type which have been dyed in the traditional manner using water-soluble dyestuffs. A device for carrying out the dyeing method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of dyeing a substrate in carbon dioxide comprises the steps of (a) providing a dye composition comprising carbon dioxide, a dye, and a surfactant, the surfactant included in an amount sufficient to solubilize, emulsify or disperse the dye in the carbon dioxide; and then (b) dyeing said substrate with said dye composition.

Abstract: A method for surface coloring plastic objects after manufacture. The method consists of a first step for impregnating a printed paper substrate, whereon pigments of the family known as disperse inks and/or sublimatic inks are deposited within the printing inks, with an aqueous solution of a solvent which activates the print and is capable of activating the surface of the plastic to be treated. Another step consists in covering the parts of the object to be treated with the paper substrate and in then removing the substrate and drying the parts. The final step consists of introduction into an atmosphere of vapors of a product which is a solvent for the pigments, for a time sufficient to fix the pigments to the surface.

Abstract: A process for continuous dyeing of cellulose-containing yarn with indigo in a single passage applies reduced indigo from an aqueous dye liquor containing deoxidants, alkali and a dissolved alkali metal salt at a concentration of 100 to 200 g/l as an electrolyte at a pH value of the liquor adjusted to about 10.2 to 11.3, while maintaining the electrolyte concentration, exposing the yarn to a gas which dissolves in the aqueous medium while forming an acid, and then oxidizing reduced indigo in the yarn to form pigment and finishing the dyeing process in a customary manner.

Abstract: Improved processes for the exhaust dyeing of cellulosic fibers with sulphur dyes in the presence of non-sulphide reducing agents wherein the dyeing of the textile substrate is performed in a closed vessel in an atmosphere of reduced oxygen level and then oxidizing.

Abstract: A method to establish, maintain and control pH using carbon dioxide in aqueous dyeing processes applicable to dyeing a wide range of substrates with an aqueous dyeing solution incorporating either a water soluble or insoluble, natural or synthetic type of dye in batch or continuous processes, and at atmospheric pressure or under pressure.

Abstract: A printed woven blanket is provided which is printed on only one side but has the appearance of having been printed on both sides. A cationic dye is applied to one side of the blanket utilizing a roller which forces the dye into the fabric forming a printed pattern. The printed blanket is dried and then steamed to set the dye. The blanket is napped which further enhances the appearance of the side which is not printed.

Abstract: The transfer recording method which comprises heating a transfer sheet having a color material layer containing a sublimable dye on a base according to the image information received, thereby subliming said sublimable dye and transfer recording it on an image receiving layer of a recording sheet, a transfer recording method which is characterized by that the image receiving layer of the recording sheet contains a compound capable of reacting with the sublimable dye contained in the color material layer of the transfer sheet.

Abstract: An image forming process comprising steps of arranging on a support member, in accordance with image signals, image forming particles containing dye former which develops its color in reaction with a color developing agent, heat-transferring the dye former from the particles to an image receiving substrate. After the heat-transfer step, the color developing agent is caused to adhere to the dye former heat-transferred on the image receiving substrate to provide colored images.Choice of the image receiving substrate and the color developing agent is expanded. Fogging is not caused, color purity is not lowered, and the other image receiving material is not polluted due to reevaporation of the dye former which is on the image receiving substrate and is not reacted with color developing agent.

Abstract: A vapor process for mineral dyeing cotton textiles is disclosed. Cellulosic fabric is impregnated with a chromium solution, exposed to sulfur dioxide vapors, dried, cured, and washed. The result is a superior process to "pearl gray" mineral dye fabric. Chromium containing salts used in the pad bath are selected from the group consisting of (NH.sub.4).sub.2 Cr.sub.2 O.sub.7 ; K.sub.2 CrO.sub.4 ; (NH.sub.4).sub.2 CrO.sub.4, Na.sub.2 CrO.sub.4 ; Na.sub.2 Cr.sub.2 O.sub.7 ; and K.sub.2 Cr.sub.2 O.sub.7. The pad baths contain from about 3.5% to 5.0% chromium consisting of 40 to 50 parts of a 20 to 28% sodium dichromate dihydrate solution made alkaline with 25 to 50 parts of 10 to 20% sodium hydroxide solution to attain a pH of about 9.6 to 13.0 with about 0.5 parts of wetting agent and 0-30 parts of water. A pad bath comprising about 3 parts of ammonium dichromate, 7.5 parts ammonium carbonate, 0.6 parts zirconyl ammonium carbonate and 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing or printing textile material, wherein the textile material is first impregnated with a solution or dispersion containing a dyestuff and the impregnated textile material is then treated with the superheated vapor of organic solvents.