Abstract: A process for using reduced vat dyes in a continuous dyeing process for production of dyed yarns and fabrics of different colors. In the process, dye composition is introduced to a treatment unit for reduction to desired dye composition. The dye concentration in the treatment unit is lower than feeding dye concentration so that dye precipitation does not occur, but significantly higher than the circulating dye concentration so that the dye is reduced efficiently. Although the preferred location for the treatment unit is before the circulation line, it may be at any location before the dip-dye tank.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the surface colouration of paper characterized in that, in a first step, the paper surface is treated with a water soluble dye and, subsequently, in a second step, the paper surface is treated with a fixing agent.

Abstract: The use of polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymers in textile manufacturing and treating processes. The polyether hydroxycarboxylate copolymer has the structure wherein M+ is a cation wherein M is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonia, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, copper, organic amines, amino acids, and amino saccharides; R1 is the residue of an ethylenically unsaturated comonomer having at least one functional group which is selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid and phosphonic acid; R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, and a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; n is from about 2 to about 100; X1 and X2 are independently 0 or 1; a is from 0 to 100 mole percent; and b is from 100 to 0 mole percent, provided that (a+b) is 100 mole percent.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds having at least two fiber reactive sites and at least two dye reactive sites, and processes for making and using the same are disclosed. The compounds of the invention can advantageously be used in a cellulosic fabric pretreatment process to allow anionic dyeing without requiring salt to exhaust or drive the dye into the cellulosic fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed are aminated acetate fiber comprising acetylcellulose and one or more water-insoluble quaternary starch ether esters, said starch ether esters containing ester groups of formulae --O--CO--CH.sub.3 and/or --O--CO--C.sub.2 H.sub.5 and ether groups of the general formula I--O--CH.sub.2 --X--CH.sub.2 --N.sup.+ R.sub.3 A.sup.- (I)whereX is a direct bond or --CH(OH)-- andA.sup.- is an anion or one equivalent of an anion, andR is hydrogen, methyl and/or ethyl,and the degree of substitution of said ether group being within the range from 0.002 to 0.8, the degree of substitution of said ester group being within the range from 0.7 to 2.998 and the overall degree of substitution being within the range from 1.5 to 3, its preparation and its use and also quaternary starch ether esters present therein.

Abstract: A terry fabric and method of forming a terry fabric are provided in which a ground fabric is formed of ground yarns while terry yarns are interlaced with the ground yarns to form terry loops with a height substantially greater than normal (a terry yarn length greater than 4.25 inches per linear inch of ground fabric), the terry yarns being formed of singles yarns plied together with a ply twist lower than normal (ply twist lower than seven (7) turns per inch) and the singles yarns having a lower than normal twist multiple (less than 3.75). The terry fabric is partially mercerized during finishing to soften the fabric, a softener is applied of no more than about 0.4% by weight and a wetting agent is also applied to increase even further the rate of absorbency thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for increasing the dyeability of textile fibers and fabrics without the need to use a salt in the dyebath. The dyeing is performed on fibers or fabrics which have been treated with potassium hydroxide and an epoxy ammonium salt of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R, R', R", and R'" are alkyl radicals having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and X.sup.- is an anionic group selected from the group consisting of sulfate, sulfonate and halide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the HT dyeing of polyester or polyester-containing textile materials at pH 8 to pH 11, characterized in that one or more monoazo dyes are used of the general formula I ##STR1## wherein X, Y, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each as defined in Claim 1.

Abstract: A pre-dyed textile fabric is coated with a pigment and binder composition wherein the binder, binder to pigment ratio and cure conditions are selected to permanently fix only a portion of the pigment to the fabric. The balance of pigment not fixed to the fabric is easily removed in subsequent washing to provide a tone on tone effect which lasts during the life of the fabric.

Abstract: Anthrapyridone compounds of the formula, ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, benzoyl, acetyl or alkyloxycarbonyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen, halogen, sulfo, phenoxy, phenylthio or alkoxy, R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen or sulfo, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each hydrogen or alkyl, V is --O--, --S-- or ##STR2## in which R.sub.7 is hydrogen, acetyl or alkyl, B is phenylene or naphthylene, D is vinyl or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 L such as --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OSO.sub.3 H, A is a divalent group, and X is halogen, quaternary ammonium, pyridinio, amino or a ##STR3## like group, which are useful for dyeing or printing fiber materials with superior dyeing performance.

Abstract: A process for the simultaneous caustic treatment and dyeing of cotton goods with vat dyes by the pad steam process, wherein the goods, after being padded with a dye liquor and dried, are subjected to a caustic treatment step and subsequently further treated in conventional manner.

Abstract: Silane quinacridone dyes, composite pigments obtainable therefrom by association with an inorganic substrate, and the processes for preparing them. The dyes have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein X is an --SO.sub.2 NHR group, where R is an alkyl group, linear or branched, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, a phenyl group optionally substituted by one or more alkyl or alkoxy groups (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6), a halogen; Y and Z indicate a silane group having the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkoxy group (C.sub.1 -C.sub.2), R.sub.2 is an alkyl group (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) or a phenyl group; n is 3, 4 or 5; q is 0 or 1; p and m are integers, such that when q is 1, p is 2 and m is 0, 1 or 2, and when q is 0, p is 3 and m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; W indicates an --SO.sub.3 H group; a, b and c are 0 or 1, selected in such a way that the sum a+b+c is equal to 1.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of photolytically developing a colored image on a cellulosic material. In this method, the material is contacted with a nitrogen containing polymer in solution and a mono-sulfonyl azide compound in solution. The sample is thereafter exposed to a UV-containing light source for an amount of time sufficient to develop a color thereon.

Abstract: Viscose or other regenerated cellulose fibres are prepared for dyeing by cross-linking the fibres, and they are then dyed by a continuous dyeing technique, followed by fixing of the dye in the fibres. The continuous dyeing generally involves impregnating the assembly in one or more impregnation stages with a vat or reactive dye and alkali. The process results in improved dye receptivity. The process is of particular value for the production of dyed fabrics and yarns and novel products comprise cross-linked regenerated cellulose fibres dyed with vat or reactive dyes. Other disclosed processes involve stretching cross-linked viscose fibres during mercerization, and cross-linking crimped fibres.

Abstract: There are described a new class of organic dyes containing silane groups, the composite pigments obtainable therefrom by associating them with a substrate (SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3), and the processes for preparing same.The silane organic dyes have the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein all substituents are defined later. The silane dyes (I) are utilized per se for dyeing natural fibres, such as wool, and man-made fibres, such as the polyamide, polyester, polyacrylic fibres and the like, while the composite pigments prepared from said dyes by association with an inorganic substrate are employed in paints, air enamels and stoving enamels, in the pigmentation of plastics, in the inks, in the printing of textiles etc.

Abstract: Reactive dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein D, R, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, n, p, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and m have the meaning indicated in the description,and their use for dyeing and printing various materials, above all materials containing hydroxyl groups, such as cotton, linen, cellulose or regenerated cellulose.

Abstract: An improved process for dyeing or printing water-swellable cellulosic fibers and mixtures of said cellulosic fibers with synthetic fibers by contacting the fibers throughout with a dye liquor or print paste which contains, as essential ingredients, water in an amount sufficient to swell the cellulosic fibers, a water-insoluble disperse dye and a water-soluble solvent which maintains swelling of the cellulose if water is removed and which is a solvent for the disperse dye, and heating the contacted fibers to effect fixation of the dye, the improvement comprising using as water-soluble solvent a mixture of(a) polyethylene oxide, a block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide or an ether, ester or carbamate derivative thereof and(b) a polyoxyethylated amine.

Abstract: Bleed-fast, dyed cellulosics particularly absorbent papers have been obtained with a particular class of water-soluble, cationic dyes reacted with a water-soluble dialdehyde, preferably glyoxal or glutaraldehyde. An aqueous printing fluid containing the water-soluble cationic dye and the dialdehyde, upon drying, produces a water-resistant dyestuff having improved bleed fastness upon cellulosic fibers.