Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for oxidative coloring keratin fibers especially human hair wherein a pretreatment is applied onto hair prior to application of oxidative coloring agent. Accordingly, present invention is a process for oxidative dyeing of keratin fibers especially human hair wherein an aqueous composition comprising at least one inorganic salt catalyzing and/or effecting the oxidative color development reaction from oxidative dye precursors is applied onto wet or dry hair and optionally rinsed off, and subsequently an aqueous composition comprising at least one oxidative dye precursor, optionally at least one coupling agent and at least one oxidizing agent is applied onto hair and after processing of 5 to 45 min with or without use of heat, preferably at a temperature range between 20 and 45° C., rinsed off from hair.

Abstract: A method of coloring keratinous fibers comprising contacting the keratinous fibers sequentially with a pre-treatment composition and a color developer wherein: i. the pre-treatment composition comprises: (a) 0.5-25% by weight of an iron salt at a pH below 2 including 0.5-5% by weight of a reducing agent (b) a buffer effective in the pH range 3-6 and (c) a penetration enhancer comprising one or more solvents having Hansen solubility parameter ?h between 1-10 (MPa)1/2 and ?p between 10-25 (MPa)1/2 wherein the component (b) is mixed with (a) or (c) not more than 360 minutes prior to contacting the keratinous fibers and ii. the color developer is selected from one or more of hydrolysable tannin or its breakdown products or derivatives or a mixture thereof obtained from a natural or synthetic source, where the sequence of contact is in any order.

Abstract: The present invention provides for kits and methods of treating hair in order to inhibit color fading and/or impart both shine- and condition-enhancing properties to colored hair, comprising a pre-treatment composition, a color-altering composition, a developer composition, a shampoo composition, a conditioner composition, and a post-treatment composition, wherein the post-treatment composition contains at least about 5% by weight of at least one oily component, based on the total weight of the post-treatment composition.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods and kit-of-parts for treating keratinous fibres prior to dyeing to control and modulate dye uptake into the fibre. Organic solvents having log P of from ?4.0 to ?0.5 or from 0.5 to 4.0 are used to manufacture pre-treatment composition to be applied to the hair. When the hair is pre-treated with at least one organic solvent having a log P of from 0.5 to 4.0 the dye penetration into the keratinous fibres is enhanced, while pre-treating the hair with at least one organic solvent having a log P of from ?4.0 to ?0.5 reduces the dye uptake. One or more compositions to pre-treat the keratinous fibres can be effortlessly applied on different zones of the hair and can be left in place or removed prior the application of the dyeing composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pre-treatment composition comprising at least one organopolysiloxane especially polysilicone-9 and to a process for application of the said composition, which has an acidic pH and is applied to hair, especially damaged hair, prior to hair colouration in order to improve the color intensity and at the same time to achieve durable hair color. pH of the pre-treatment compositions is from 2 to 7.

Abstract: A method of forming abrasion resistant nonwoven fabrics by hydroentanglement includes providing a precursor web. The precursor web is subjected to hydroentanglement on a three-dimensional image transfer device to create a patterned and imaged fabric. Treatment with an initial pre-dye finish enhances the integrity of the fabric, permitting the nonwoven to exhibit desired physical characteristics, including strength, durability, softness, and drapeability. The pre-dye finish treated nonwoven may then be dyed by means applicable to conventional wovens. A post-dye finish may then be applied to further enhance the performance of the nonwoven fabric.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hair care compositions comprising an oxidizing agent and chelants having log ? ? K CuL log ? ? K CaL ratio calculated at pH 10 of at least 3.20 wherein log KCuL is the common logarithm of the Conditional Stability Constant of said chelant with Cu2+ and log KCaL is the common logarithm of the Conditional Stability Constant of said chelant with Ca2+. Suitable chelants are diamine-N,N?-dipolyacids or monoamine monoamide-N,N?-dipolyacids. The compositions according to the present invention contribute to reducing the oxidative damage sustained by a keratinous fiber such as hair during bleaching, dyeing, perming or other oxidative treatments. Especially preferred diamine dipolyacid is ethylenediamine-N,N?-disuccinic acid (EDDS).

Abstract: The present invention relates to hair care compositions comprising chelants and methods for reducing oxidative hair damage. The compositions contribute to reducing the oxidative damage sustained by keratinous fibers such as human hair during bleaching, dyeing, perming or other oxidative treatments. The compositions according to the present invention also provide excellent color evenness and color fastness.

Abstract: Pretreatment agents for hair colorings with acid dye comprising at least one cationic polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers having amino groups and polymers having quaternary ammonium groups. The pretreatment agents for hair colorings with acid dye are used for improving coloring ability and color fastness of hair colorings with acid dye.

Abstract: A method for coloring keratin fibers is provided that includes at least two steps. In one step, the keratin fibers are treated with a pretreatment composition containing at least one substantive dye. In another step, the keratin fibers are treated with a composition containing at least one synthetic dye or synthetic dye precursor after applying the pretreatment composition.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) a cationic substance; (b) an acid generator; and (c) an alkyl or a hydroxyalkyl substituted starch. Also claimed is a polyamide textile material treated with the composition, a method for ink jet printing onto a polyamide textile material which has been treated with the composition and a polyamide material printed using the method.

Abstract: A dyeing and printing system for use in color printing articles or fabrics formed from cellulose prior to dyeing. In the preferred embodiment, the dyeing system composition includes the selective use of a dye blocking print paste, a color binder print paste and a dye enhancing print paste to selectively decrease or increase the shade of the dyed portions of a cellulose article, such as a woven or knitted cotton or cotton/polyester article or fabric while, at the same time, permitting the resisted areas to be colored differently.

Abstract: The invention consists of a process to improve the resistance to stains on yarns, on the basis of wool, silk, polyamide, polyacrilonitrile, natural and artificial cellulosic fibres and in general, all other synthetical fibres which can be dyed. According to the invention the yarns are treated during the dyeing process with an aqueous solution containing up to 5% tannic acid in acid medium. It is economically advisable to add a stabiliser to the solution to avoid oxidation of the solution and the fibres, and possibly a wetting agent. Preferably the treatment is made during the dyeing procedure, before, during or after the effective dyeing step.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for dyeing or printing fiber material by the pigment dyeing or pigment printing process, which comprises applying to the fiber material, and subsequently fixing, a dyeing liquor or a print paste comprising at least one dye of the formulaD--(X).sub.n (1)in whichD is a radical of an insoluble organic dye of the phthalocyanine, perinone, indigoid, thioindigoid, dioxazine, diketopyrrolopyrrole, isoindolinone, perylene, quinacridone, metal complex, monoazo, disazo, trisazo or anthraquinone series, X is a hydrophilic polar radical, and n is 1, 2 or 3, and at least one pigment dye binder, and also, if desired, further auxiliaries.

Abstract: Improved dyeing processes for yarn and fabric materials are described. Dye pattern definition on a textile material is enhanced by treating the fabric or the fibers from which it is made with a quaternary ammonium compound and by including in the dye composition a gum which will react with the quaternary ammonium compound to form a viscous gel. The gel minimizes migration of the dye prior to fixation of the dye, and therefore pattern definition is improved. Similar improvements can be obtained when space dyeing yarn that comprises fibers that have been so treated.

Abstract: The fibrillation tendency of solvent-spun cellulose fiber is reduced by treating the previously dried fiber with a chemical reagent containing at least two functional groups which are reactive with cellulose and which are electrophilic carbon--carbon double bonds, particularly vinyl sulfone groups, or precursors thereof or electrophilic three-membered heterocyclic rings or precursors thereof. The chemical reagent is preferably colorless and is preferably applied to the fiber from aqueous solution. The fiber may be contained in a woven or knotted fabric.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for providing a solvent-spun cellulose fibre with a reduced fibrillation tendency. The fibre is treated with a chemical reagent, preferably substantially colourless, having 2 to 6 functional groups reactive with cellulose, suitably dissolved in an aqueous solution.

Abstract: Process for dyeing aminated cellulose/polyester blend fabric with fiber-reactive disperse dyestuffs Fiber materials comprising cellulose fibers or a mixture of cellulose and polyester fibers are dyed by first modifying the fiber material with one or more compounds containing amino groups and then dyeing the modified fiber material with a fiber-reactive disperse dyestuff in supercritical CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for printing and dyeing sheetlike fiber materials with anionic dyes comprisesa) first applying to the sheetlike fiber material an aqueous solution containing a fixing alkali and a compound which contains a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group, which may each also be part of a heterocycle, by using a printing process, thenb) subjecting the sheetlike fiber material to a fixing treatment to modify the sheetlike fiber material, and finally and optionallyc) dyeing the modified sheetlike fiber material one or more times by a customary exhaust or padding method.

Abstract: Fiber materials are modified with a polyalkyleneimine polymer at crosslinking agent, preferably glyoxal, and optionally dyed with water-soluble, anionic dyes, preferably reactive dyes. The dyeing process with fiber materials modified according to the invention can be carried out low-salt or completely without salt and also alkali-free or using only minimal amounts of alkali.

Abstract: Process and use of reactive disperse dyes for dyeing and printing aminated, textile cotton and cotton-polyester blend fabricsHydroxyl-containing materials, in particular fiber materials, such as cellulose fiber materials, which have been modified with an amino-containing compound are dyed as such or in blend with polyester fibers with the aid of a fiber-reactive disperse dye in an aqueous, low-electrolyte or completely electrolyte-free medium and in the absence of an alkaline or alkali-donating agent at a temperature of between 100.degree. and 210.degree. C. Not only the modified cellulose-containing material but also the polyester material can be dyed in one and the same dyeing process with one and the same fiber reactive disperse dye. A uniform overall dyeing not only for modified hydroxyl-containing material but also for polyester material is obtained.

Abstract: A method of treating blue or black denim fabric to change its color, a composition used to create the color change, and the denim fabric produced thereby. The composition is applied to the denim fabric in a washing machine and comprises cellulase enzyme, a detergent, a salt, a buffer and dyestuffs. The fabric is either stonewashed before or during application of the composition. After the composition is applied, the resulting denim fabric is stonewashed in appearance and has a surface displaying two sets of light and dark areas of different shades of the same color.

Abstract: Aramid fabrics treated with N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone prior to or simultaneously with aqueous print pastes promote fabric printability and produces good coloration. Saturated steam or superheated steam at a temperature of at least 100.degree. C. permeates and fixes the dye inside of the aramid fibers. Print pastes containing N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone, dye and thickener are also described.

Abstract: A process for the pre-treatment of natural and regenerated cellulosic fibres and blends thereof with synthetic fibres for the purpose of subsequent transfer printing comprises applying to said fibres a composition comprising a mixture of hexamethoxymethyl melamine and a C.sub.4-8 glycol in the presence of water, and drying said fibres at a temperature below 180.degree. C.The above compositions per se, with or without water and polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride polymer or copolymer emulsions or dispersions, are also claimed.

Abstract: Poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) fabrics containing N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone on them are printed with a print paste. Print pastes containing N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone are also described.

Abstract: A process is provided for direct coloring of textile fibres comprising appropriately pre-treating said fibres, preparing a solution of a cross-linking agent being a solution of a water insoluble technical hexamethoxymethyl melamine in a C.sub.4-8 glycol, adding said solution of the cross-linking agent to a dye liquor or printing paste containing a colorant (excluding cationic dyestuffs) in the presence of an acid donor, applying the resultant mixture to said fibres and drying and curing said fibres.Also provided is a dye liquor or print paste comprising a colorant (excluding cationic dyestuffs), an acid donor and a cross-linking agent being a solution of a water insoluble technical hexamethoxymethyl melamine in a C.sub.4-8 glycol.

Abstract: Cellulosic fibers are converted to cellulosate by immersion in an alkali metal hydroxide and then reacted with an aqueous solution of thioarylsulfonium salts to produce modified cellulosic fibers which are substantive to acid, direct, disperse, reactive and sulfur dyes. Cellulosic/synthetic and cellulosic/wool blends can also be treated to produce a fabric blend comprising modified cellulosic components that are substantive to diverse dye classes and synthetic and wool components which are substantive to a single dye class. When using a disperse dyebath of one color the entire fabric blend is dyed one color. When adding an acid, reactive or sulfur dye of a second color to the dyebath, the synthetic or wool component is dyed one color and the cellulosic component is dyed a different color.

Abstract: For detecting changes in chemical or physical parameters an optical fibre core has bonded to its surface a chromophore responsive to the parameter. The core preferably has a porous surface with the chromophore coating extending into the porous structure.

Abstract: Polyaramid fiber is swollen, such as by exposing it to a solvent, and while swollen a substance, such as amine or substituted amine, capable of forming an ionic bond with an acid or anionic dye, is introduced into the fiber, after which the fiber is shrunk, such as by drying, to incorporate the substance into it. Thereafter, the fiber can be dyed or printed with an anionic dye. A solution of the solvent and substance may be prepared, and the fiber contacted with the solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a textile treatment process which comprises applying to a textile substrate of natural or synthetic polyamide either before or after dyeing, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## in which R is an C.sub.6-20 alkyl radical, each ofR.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is --CH.sub.2 --CHOHCH.sub.2 --X or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in R+R.sub.1 +R.sub.2 is from 8 to 26;X is chlorine or bromine,Y is a non-chromophoric anion, andn is a whole number from 1 to 3,which treatment before dyeing increases the affinity of the substrate for anionic dyestuffs and after dyeing improves the wet-fastness of the dyed substrate.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium compounds suitable for use in finishing cellulose fiber containing textile material are described. The compounds are of the general formula ##EQU1## wherein k is an integer of 1-2,n is an integer of 1-3,X is an anion of a strong acid, andY is selected from among ##STR1## which are bound to the nitrogen atoms of a heterocyclic compound, n, which is a 5 or 6 membered ring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for treating a polyamide textile substrate to increase the affinity thereof for anionic dyes or to reserve the same against cationic dyes comprising applying thereto, in a weakly alkaline medium, a compound of formula I, ##STR1## wherein R is phenyl; naphthyl; (C.sub.5-6)cycloalkyl; or phenyl or naphthyl substituted by a total of up to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, chlorine and bromine (maximum of two of each of these);each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, independently, is (C.sub.1-4)alkyl, and X.sup..crclbar. is a non-chromophoric anion.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for bleed-resistant coloring of cellulosic materials. The articles prepared by the method of the invention are bleed resistant, colored cellulosics.

Abstract: The method involves treating a cellulose fiber-containing structure with an alkaline agent, coating the structure with an acid chloride having the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein X is --H, --NO.sub.2, --CH.sub.3 or --SO.sub.2 Cl) and subjecting the resultant structure to heat treatment to cause chemical modification. The acid chloride is employed in the form of an emulsion in water. The emulsion may also contain a thickener such as a natural sizing agent or a dye. The method provides a more dyeable cellulose fiber-containing structure.

Abstract: Compound for use in the dyeing of cellulosic fibers by anionic dyes, method of making such compound and method of dyeing involving the use of such compound. The compound has the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyls with 1-3 carbon atoms, R.sub.3 is alkylene with 1-2 carbon atoms, R.sub.4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl with 1-2 carbon atoms, and X is an anion of a strong inorganic ore organic acid. Such compound may be produced by a method in which 70 to 80 parts by weight of 35% hydrochloric acid are gradually added to 100 parts by weight of N,N-dimethylbenzylamine whereupon the temperature of the reaction compound is adapted to the value of 40.degree. to 80.degree. C. and 55 to 75 parts by weight of epichlorhydrin are gradually added, wherein the temperature of the resulting compound is kept between 60.degree. to 100.degree. C. over the course of 60 to 120 minutes since the last addition of epichlorhydrin.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of dyeing a fibrous structure containing cellulose fibers. The method includes the steps of impregnating the fibrous structure with an alkaline compound in an amount of from 1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the fibrous structure and with a modifying agent, the molar ratio of the alkaline compound to the modifying agent being 0.1 to 2.0, and the modifying agent being a compound of the formula ##STR1## where X is --H, --NO.sub.2, --CH.sub.3, or --SO.sub.2 Cl; effecting chemical modification of the impregnated fibrous structure by heat-treating it under steaming or dry heating conditions; and then dyeing the modified fibrous structure with a dye such as a disperse dye.

Abstract: Dye formulations for dyeing or printing cellulose or cellulosic fibrous material which in addition to the usual dispersing agents, water retention agents, disinfectants and water contain dyes devoid of sulfonic acid groups and of the general formula: ##STR1## in which A is an anthraquinonyl, anthrapyrimidone or anthrapyrimidine radical which may bear substituents; X is hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical; B is hydrogen or an aliphatic radical; B.sup.1 is an aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical or the group ##STR2## is a five-membered, six-membered or seven-membered heterocyclic ring; and n is 1 or 2. Dyeings and prints having very good fastness properties and particularly very good fastness to wet treatments and crocking are obtained on cellulose. The dyes contained in the formulations are fixed on swollen cellulosic fibers by heating.

Abstract: Process for dyeing mesh fabrics and woven fabrics, made from cellulose fibers and mixed yarns thereof, in rope form on a winch beck or jet dyeing apparatus by the exhaustion method at a short liquor ratio in the presence of at least one auxiliary, using an aqueous liquor containing dyes or dye precursors which are suitable for the type of fiber and optionally fixing chemicals, wherein dyeing is carried out at a liquor ratio of 1:3 to 1:8 (on the weight of the dry goods) and 2-8 g/l of an anionic or non-ionic, aliphatic softener are used, on its own or as a mixture, as the auxiliary.

Abstract: This invention relates to a class of disazo dyes that are useful to dye and print water-swellable cellulose material and blends thereof with synthetic materials, and, in particular, to dye and print polyester-cotton blends.More particularly, the process of this invention relates to a process or method for dyeing and printing fabrics of water-swellable cellulose material and blends thereof with synthetic materials, in particular polyester-cotton mixed fibres, such process comprising the dyeing and printing of the material in the presence of water and of a high-boiling solvent, capable of maintaining cellulose in the swollen state at the application temperature, with disazo dyes having general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein: X.sub.1 =a hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyl having 1 to 4 atoms of carbon, chlorine, bromine, --CN, --NHCOR.sub.1, --NHCO--Ar, --COOR, --CON(R.sub.1).sub.2, --NO.sub.2 ;X.sub.2 =a hydrogen, alkyl or alkoxyl having 1 to 4 atoms of carbon, chlorine, bromine, --NHCOR.sub.1, --NHCO--Ar;X.sub.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for dry printing or dyeing of sheets. A foam structure is printed or dyed and placed in contact with the sheet to be treated. The composite is subjected to sufficient heat and pressure to destroy the foam structure without significantly damaging the sheet. The result is the sheet surface now appears to carry the printing or dyeing. Among the suitable carrier foams are polyurethane foams. The process finds particular utility in coloring difficult to dye substrates such as cotton, fiber glass or asbestos fabrics with water insoluble dyes.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of water-insoluble azo dyestuffs on vegetable fibers according to the method of the ice-color technique had been found, impregnating first the fibrous material with an azo component and then developing it with a diazo solution of an aromatic amino compound in the neutral or slightly alkaline range, wherein an alkali metal borate is used to neutralize the diazo solution.The dyeings prepared in this improved dyeing process for ice color dyeing have very good fastness properties and are obtained with high color yields. The improvement of the dyeing process is seen in the use of alkali metal borate as a neutralizing agent, which avoids the creation of foam in the surfactant-containing diazo solution.

Abstract: A process for improving the color yield and the wetfastness properties of dyeings produced on cellulose fibre material with anionic dyes, which process comprises treating the cellulose material before, during or after dyeing, with a cationic fibre-reactive compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein B represents a mono- or polynuclear heterocyclic radical,Hal represents a reactive halogen atom,X represents halogen, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, phenoxy, phenylthio, ##STR2## or the group of the formula ##STR3## each of W.sub.1 and W.sub.2 independently represents the direct bond, ##STR4## Z represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxy-lower alkyl, each of Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.2 independently represents an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical,each ofR.sub.1, R.sub.2, V.sub.1, V.sub.2, Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.2 independently represents lower alkyl, or lower alkyl or benzyl each of which is substituted by halogen, hydroxy or cyano, or each of the pair of substituents R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 and Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.

Abstract: Carboxy substituted aromatic chromophores are reactively linked to fibers containing alcoholic hydroxyl groups, amino groups or thiol groups, such as cellulosic fibers, with the linkage produced in the presence of a cyanamide compound, such as cyanamide or dicyandiamide.

Abstract: A process for improving the color yield and the wet-fastness properties of dyeings produced on cellulose fibrous material with anionic dyes which process comprises treating the cellulose material before, during or after dyeing, with a fluorine-containing cationic compound of the formula ##STR1## WHEREIN B represents a triazine or pyrimidine radical,W represents a reactive fluorine atom,Z represents halogen, lower alkyl, phenyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, phenoxy, phenylthio, --NH.sub.2, or the group of the formula ##STR2## EACH OF Ar.sub.1 and Ar.sub.2 independently represents an aromatic radical,Each ofR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl or hydroxy-lower alkyl,Each ofX, x.sub.1, x.sub.2, y.sub.1, y.sub.2, v.sub.1 and V.sub.2 independently represents lower alkyl, benzyl, or lower alkyl which is substituted by halogen, hydroxyl or cyano, and X also represents phenyl or methylphenyl, orEach of the pair of substituentsX.sub.1 and X.sub.2 and Y.sub.1 and Y.sub.

Abstract: Uniformly dyed water-swellable cellulosic fibers obtained by dyeing cellulosic fibers, in the swollen state, with a dye of the formula ##STR1## where X is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, cyano, nitro, alkylsulfonyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, phenylsulfonyl, methoxy or ethoxy, Y is hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, cyano or nitro, Z is a radical of the formula ##STR2## Q is oxygen or sulfur, R.sup.1 is alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, methoxymethyl, phenoxymethyl or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by chlorine, bromine, nitro, methyl, methoxy or ethoxy, R.sup.2 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, phenyl or phenyl substituted by chlorine, bromine or methyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, methyl or, if R.sup.2 is methyl, is C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxycarbonyl, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the linking carbon atoms are phenylene or phenylene substituted by chlorine, methyl, methoxy or ethoxy and K is a radical of a coupling component selected from the pyrazolone, pyrazole, indole, quinolone or homophthalimide series.

Abstract: A transfer printing process for dyeing or optically brightening hydrophilic fibrous material and blends of hydrophilic and synthetic fibrous material with sublimable reactive disperse dyes or fluorescent brighteners, which process comprises the use of inert carriers that are treated with at least one reactive disperse dye or fluorescent brightener, which, during the heat treatment of the transfer printing process, has a vapor pressure higher than 10.sup.-5 Torr at temperatures above 160.degree. C., and treating the material to be printed with at least two compounds, one of which has a boiling point higher than 120.degree. C. and a solubility or dispersibility in water of at least 25 g/l at 25.degree. C., direct or with the aid of an auxiliary solvent or dispersant, and under the transfer conditions of the dyes or fluorescent brighteners is sparingly volatile, and the other is an acid acceptor, or with at least one compound that combines both functions simultaneously.

Abstract: The present invention relates to para-substituted-amino-.beta.,.beta.-dicyano styryl disperse dye compounds having an acyloxy group in an ortho position to the methine group.

Abstract: Uniformly dyed water-swellable cellulosic fibers obtained by dyeing cellulosic fibers in the swollen state with a dye of the formula ##STR1## in which one R is R.sup.1, OR.sup.1, SR.sup.1 or ##STR2## the other R is ##STR3## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another are hydrogen or an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic radical, ##STR4## may also be a saturated heterocyclic radical, and D is the radical of a diazo component. The dyed fibers exhibit very good fastness properties.

Abstract: A novel composition is described which is an aqueous oxidizing solution containing: (a) about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of an oxidant selected from the water-soluble iodate salts and the water-soluble bromate salts; (b) about 0.005% to about 5% by weight of a water-soluble vanadate salt; and (c) about 0.05 to about 10% of a water-soluble nitrate salt. An improved process for oxidizing vat or sulfur dyes is also described wherein the reduced form of the dye is oxidized by contact with the novel composition.

Abstract: water-impregnated textiles, especially of cellulose or wool, or mixtures of cellulose and wool with synthetic fibers and synthetic textiles, such as nylon and acrylics, particularly as assembled garments, are wet-transfer printed with a transferable printing design comprising a dyestuff which is reactive with the textile by heating the impregnated textile in contact with the design while maintained in a water-impervious enclosure comprising a polyester film or sheet, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate). The design is preferably applied to the polyester film or sheet which may be pretreated to facilitate coating with the transferable design. The pretreatment may comprise a wettable resin coating such as a cross-linked copolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or their glycidyl or lower alkyl esters.