Abstract: There is provided a method for preventing or reducing the fading of color on fabric by means of a divalent salt. Compositions which provide care to the color of fabrics and comprising a dye fixing agent and the divalent salt are also herein provided.

Abstract: Dye preparations comprising, based in each case on the weight of the preparation, from 0.1 to 30% by weight of one or more dyes from the class of the mono- or polyazo dyes containing no acidic groups, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a dispersant based on an arylsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate or from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a water-soluble dispersant based on alkoxylated phenols with or without water, and their use as inks in the inkjet process and for textile sublimation transfer printing.

Abstract: Dye preparations comprising, based on the weight of the preparation, from 0.1 to 30% by weight of one or more dyes selected from the class of the anthraquinones or quinophthalones which are free of ionic groups, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a dispersant based on an arylsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product, from 10 to 90% by weight of a mono- or polyhydric alcohol and optionally water, are useful as inks in the inkjet process and also for sublimation transfer printing.

Abstract: Colorfastness of cationic dyeable nylon fibers dyed with acid and/or premetalized acid dyes is enhanced and potential water bleed problems can also be overcome by treating the dyed fibers with an acrylic water bleed fixative in conjunction with a traditional cotton water bleed fixative. In a typical procedure, the acrylic fixative is applied first, followed by the nylon fixative or the cotton fixative.

Abstract: Dye preparations comprising, based in each case on the weight of the preparation, from 0.1 to 30% by weight of one or more dyes from the class of the mono- or polyazo dyes containing no acidic groups, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a dispersant based on an arylsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate or from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a water-soluble dispersant based on alkoxylated phenols with or without water, and their use as inks in the inkjet process and for textile sublimation transfer printing.

Abstract: Polyamide-6 articles exhibit dramatically improved dye bleed and perspiration performance characteristics, as well as reduced color change of fluorescent dyed polyamide-6. These improvements are achieved according to the present invention by modifying conventional dyeing and aftertreatment conditions. That is, conventional temperatures used for dyeing and the aftertreatment of polyamide-6 yarns are typically about 100° C. and 77° C., respectively. In contrast, the dyeing and aftertreatment procedures of this invention are carried out at about 80° C. or lower, and about 5° C. or lower, respectively. Bath ratios of between about 15:1 to about 20:1 are employed with the polyamide-6 article being retained in the bath sufficient to achieve about 75% dye uptake.

Abstract: A stain blocking composition for treating polyamide materials, such as nylon carpeting is disclosed. The stain blocking composition contains one or more novolak resins in combination with an addition polymer and a metal donor, such as a magnesium salt. The addition polymer is directed to a partially sulfonated styrene-maleic copolymer. The addition polymer not only serves as a stain blocking composition but also serves to reduce the yellowing effect sulfonated novolak resins may have on polyamide substrates. Besides containing a sulfonated novolak resin and the addition polymer, the composition of the present invention can include various other ingredients. For instance, the composition can contain an emulsifier or dispersant, antioxidants such as sodium thiocyanate or fluorocarbon repellents or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Dye preparations useful as inks in the inkjet process and for sublimation transfer printing comprise, based on the weight of each preparation, from 0.1 to 30% by weight of one or more methine dyes, from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a dispersant based on an arylsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensation product or from 0.1 to 20% by weight of a water-soluble dispersant based on alkoxylated phenols and optionally water.

Abstract: A liquid dispersed dye of the azo or anthraquinone type that includes a dispersing agent and dispersing assistant in order to keep the dye dissolved in liquid without sedimentation. The preferred dispersing agent is a sulfonated lignin salt and the preferred dispersing assistant is a surfactant such as polyethylene glycol epoxide ether (EO-1), polyethylene glycol phenolic-formaldehyde epoxide ether (EO-2), or polyethylene glycol amino methylene epoxide ether (EO-3).

Abstract: Compositions of water insoluble U.V. absorbers can be improved by the addition of a non-ionic surfactant which is an addition product of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and a mixture of fatty alcohols, fatty acids or fatty esters having 7-20 carbon atoms, preferably 14-18 carbon atoms or either tristyrylphenol or distyrylphenol. Such compositions have a good storage stability and excellent shear stability when the substrate to be dyed is a yarn which is in packed form.

Abstract: A direct application process by spray, pad, foam, flood or roller coating of a chemical composition of Novolak resin, polymethacrylic acid, sulphated or sulphonated surfactants and a fluorochemical to provide stain resistance/release to fibrous material, particularly nylon and wool carpets. The finish offers desirable oil, water and dry soil repellency and acid dye stain release without adverse effect on texture (handle) and pile opening. The invention relates to the use of diethanolamine lauryl sulfate as a foaming surfactant that also has stain release property against artificial coloring material commonly found in food and beverages.

Abstract: A textile treatment composition which comprises; a textile binding agent which forms a chemical bond with the outer layer of the textile according to the formula (Ia): ##STR1## and, a barrier agent which forms a chemical bond with the textile binding agent and which increases the surface tension of the textile. Methods for treating textiles with the treatment composition, and kits comprising the components are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of phenol- and naphthol-novolak alkoxylate mixed esters which as dyeing auxiliaries in the dyeing of polyester-cellulose blend fabrics prevent soiling of the cellulose portion by the disperse dyestuff and to processes for the continuous dyeing of such blend fabrics using phenol- and naphthol-novolak alkoxylate mixed esters.

Abstract: The invention provides the following dyeing method: A method of dyeing a cellulosic textile article characterized by immersing the article in an aqueous dispersion containing a cation-treated coloring agent in the first place and, then, immersing it in an aqueous solution or dispersion of an anionic compound.

Abstract: The cold water bleed propensity of acid and premetallized acid dyed cationic dyeable nylon fibers is substantially reduced by treating the fibers with both a nylon fixing agent and a cotton fixing agent. Colorfastness of acid and premetallized acid dyed nylon fibers, other than CD nylon fibers, is also enhanced by treating the fibers with both a cotton fixing agent and a nylon fixing agent.

Abstract: A marine dye composition comprising a water soluble or dispersible dye, particles of a density controlling material having a bulk density and being present in an amount so as to cause said composition to have a relative density of about 1 and to be capable of floating at the surface of a body of water and a water soluble or dispersible binding agent for binding the dye and particles of density controlling material together.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for preparing a stain and soil resistant aqueous (non-solvent) composition. The resulting composition demonstrates effective freeze-thaw stability.

Abstract: Ammonium salts of aromatic sulpho group-containing condensation products of at least one sulpho group-containing aromatic compound and at least one dihydroxydiphenylsulphone with formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-yielding compound or of defined starting mono- or oligosulphones which are partially metallized and compositions containing them, optionally together with UV-absorbers, are suitable as assistants in the treatment of various substrates and act in particular as improvers of the light-fastness of synthetic polyamide fibres and their dyeings, as assistants in the dyeing or tanning of leather and in the production of paper and as wood-preserving agents.

Abstract: A process for applying a reactive dye to a cellulosic substrate comprising:(a) adding one or more dyeing assistants selected from the condensation product of sulphonated diphenyl ethers, condensation product of sulphonated ditolyl ethers, condensation products of polydiphenylsulphones with formaldehyde and condensation products of polyditolyl sulphones with formaldehyde (and salts thereof) into an aqueous liquor, optionally together with a salt (hereinafter defined as Process Step a);(b) introducing the substrate into the dyebath and adding one or more reactive dyes, (hereinafter defined as Process Step b) ; and(c) fixing the dyestuff onto the substrate (hereinafter defined as Process Step c).

Abstract: Compounds and mixtures of compounds obtainable by condensation of sulphonation products of defined alkyl-substituted naphthalenes and sulphonation products of optionally alkyl-substituted diphenylethers with formaldehye and optionally treated with further components, are valuable interface-active compounds suitable as assistants in various application fields, in particular as dispersing or levelling agents in the dyeing with disperse dyes or as tanning-assistants or dyeing-assistants for leather.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved methods and compositions to enhance stain resistance of carpet fiber. The improved methods relate to a continuous aftertreatment for dyed carpet fabric and to two-step processes, either batch-batch, batch-continuous or continuous-continuous. The improved compositions are used in the processes to enhance stain resistance of carpet or carpet fiber and to overcome various prior drawbacks, such as, yellowing, oxidation and durability to cleaning. The sulfonated aromatic condensates are used to enhance stain resistance, and can be combined with fluorocarbon compounds for soil resistance, thiocyanates, and/or salts having divalent cations, such as magnesium sulfate. Also various dispersing agents, buffering acids and sequestering agents are disclosed.

Abstract: Compositions comprising normally solid, water-soluble divalent metal salts of partially sulfonated novolak resins are provided. These divalent salts of partially sulfonated novolak resins ae useful for imparting to fibrous polyamide materials stain resistance to natural and synthetic acid colorants. Also provided are methods of preparing these resins, methods of treating fibrous polyamide materials with these resins, and fibrous polyamide materials so treated.

Abstract: Stain of fabrics containing terminal amine groups by foodstuffs and other liquid or moist products that contain a dye having sulfonic acid moieties can be prevented or minimized by also including in the product a sulfonated naphthol- or sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde condensation product in non-toxic quantities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for providing dye leveling and stainblocking characteristics to fibers. The use of specified dye-leveling agents in accordance with the present invention allows the treated fibers to be contacted with an acid dye-stainblocker composition in a single step. The invention is particularly suitable for treating nylon, silk and wool fibers.

Abstract: Synthetic polyamide textile substrate having deposited thereon a modified polymeric sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde condensation product comprising one (a) in which 10 to 25% of the polymer units contain SO.sub.3 (-) radicals and about 90 to 75% of the polymer units contain sulfone radicals and (b) in which a portion of the free hydroxyl groups thereof has been acylated or etherified, the number of said hydroxyl groups which has been acylated or etherified being sufficient to inhibit yellowing of said condensation product but insufficient to reduce materially the capacity of said condensation product to impart stain resistance to said synthetic polyamide textile substrate.

Abstract: A process for dyeing carpets composed of nylon fibers coated with stain blocker whereby any loss of stain resistance occurring during processing of the fibers is recovered. The process comprises adding a small amount of stain blocker to the dye liquor used in dyeing the carpets.

Abstract: Stain-resistant compositions comprising sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde condensation products and polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, polyamide textile substrates treated with the same, and processes for their preparation. The stain-resistant compositions and substrates possess improved stain resistance but do not suffer from yellowing to the extent that previously known materials do.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new process and group of products that are useful in preventing nylon and wool fibers, including carpeting and upholstery, from being permanently stained. Fibers can be permanently stained by food colors contained in food spilled on the fiber. This new group of sulfomethylated phenol-formaldehyde or naphthol-formaldehyde and anionic surfactant compounds not only block the stain from the fiber but also minimize any yellowing or discoloration of the treated fibers during the application and during the subsequent exposure to sunlight or commonly used lightfastness testing equipment.

Abstract: Process for removing color-formers from polymeric sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde condensation products so as provide condensation products having reduced tendencies to turn yellow and which provide stain-resistance to polyamide textile substrates which comprises dissolving a polymeric sulfonated phenolformaldehyde condensation product in a aqueous base, acidifying the resulting aqueous solution so as to form a slurry, heating the slurry so as to form a two-phase system comprising an aqueous solution and a water-soluble taffy-like material, separating the aqueous solution and the water-insoluble material from one another, and dissolving the wate-insoluble material in an aqueous base.

Abstract: A light stabile composition for imparting stain resistance to polyamide fiber-containing textile articles (e.g. nylon, wool or silk carpets) comprises a halogenated (e.g. brominated or chlorinated) aryl group-containing product of the condensation polymerization of a hydroxyaryl sulfonic acid (e.g., para-hydroxyphenyl sulfonic acid), a dihydroxydiaryl sulfone (e.g., dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone) and an aldehyde (e.g., formaldehyde). The polyamide fiber-containing textile articles are converted to a stain resistant product by containing the fibers with an acidified aqueous solution of the aforesaid composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in certain processes for continuously dyeing polyamide carpets whereby stain resistance is imparted to the carpets during the dyeing process. The improvement involves adding an alkali metal silicate (e.g. sodium meta silicate) and a sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde condensation product to the dye liquor used in the dyeing process. If either the silicate or condensation product is omitted from the liquor, the improvement is not achieved. The improvement provides a convenient and economical means for providing stain resistant polyamide carpets.

Abstract: Dispersants, especially well suited for use in thermosol dyeing processes, are produced by reacting methylol hydroxybenzene compounds with sulfonated lignin derivatives. The dispersants have high levels of heat stability and low staining characteristics, coupled with desirable dye reduction, foaming, milling and viscosity-reducing properties. Dyestuffs, dye pastes, and dye baths, as well as methods utilizing them, are provided.

Abstract: Watersoluble oxalkylated novolaks of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is alkyl of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is hydrogen or R.sup.1, X is ethylene or propylene, m is 6 to 100 and n is 1 to 12, are preparation agents for disperse dyestuffs. Disperse dystuff preparations containing these compounds have a stable and uniform distribution of the dyestuff particles, even with high dyestuff concentrations, and show good dyeing properties, low or no foam in dyebaths and useful viscosities in printing pastes.

Abstract: Reaction products which are prepared by sulphonation or sulphomethylation and formaldehyde condensation of compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents C.sub.1-4 -alkyl,and, if appropriate, subsequent conversion of the resulting sulphonic acids into their salts are used as dispersing agents.

Abstract: A composition useful as a dyeing, fixing and leveling agent for acid dyestuffs on polyamide fibers, as a reserving agent in dyeing of polyamide-cellulosic blends with direct dyes and as an aftertreating agent for improving wet fastness and perspiration resistance of polyamides dyed with an acid dyestuff consists essentially of an aqueous solution of 60-85% by weight of solute of phenolsulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate and 15-40% by weight of solute of an alkylene glycol of up to 3-10 carbon atoms or a polyoxyethylene or -thio glycol or molecular weight up to 1000.

Abstract: Polyamide fibre materials are dyed with acid dyestuffs and/or metal complex dyestuffs in the presence of compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents a C.sub.4 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkoxy, phenyl, cyclohexyl or C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -hydroxyalkoxy radical,R.sub.1 represents hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical,n represents an integer from 1 to 10 andm represents a number from 1 to n+1,or water-soluble salts thereof.

Abstract: Dispersions of pigments, disperse- or vat-dyestuffs, wherein the dispersing agent is formed either by cocondensation of a phenolic component, formaldehyde and an alkali metal sulfite or of a sulfonated phenolic component and formaldehyde. These dispersions are characterized in that the dispersing agent used shows an improved dispersing effect. Furthermore, they can also be used when being neutralized for the dispersing alkali sensitive dyestuffs and they show no tendency to soil the fabrics so that also clean shades may be dyed.