Abstract: Process for preserving the dyeing capacity of 5,6-dihydroxyindole or of of its derivatives corresponding to the formula (I); in which R1, R2, R3 and R4, which are identical or different donates hydrogen or a C1-C4 lower alkyl, R1, R2 and R3 denoting hydrogen when R4 denotes alkyl in an aqueous medium, characterized in that the pH of the aqueous medium is adjusted to a value pHC of between 5 and 10 by employing a pH-regulating agent containing two components (A) and (B), the component (A) being chosen from pH-regulating agents which have a dissociation constant KCA in aqueous solution at 25° C., such as pkCA, that is: 0<pkCA−pHC≦2.5 and the component (B) being chosen from pH-regulating agents which have a dissociation constant KCB in aqueous solution at 25° C., such as pkCB, that is: 2<pkCB<pHC.

Abstract: A method for exhaust dyeing a polyester or polyester blend textile article with a disperse dye is provided whereby the article is first treated with an aliphatic amine to reduce the tensile strength of the polyester fibers, followed by dyeing the fabric in a bath containing from 1.0 to 3.0 weight percent based on the weight of the fabric, of a compound selected from the group consisting of:(a) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 aliphatic fatty acid ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues;(b) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 alcohol ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues; and(c) C.sub.8 -C.sub.16 aliphatic amine ethoxylates having from 5 to 15 ethylene oxide residues,to achieve a spot free, level dyed fabric, with reduced pilling tendencies.

Abstract: A process for defining a substrate is provided. The process comprises applying to the substrate a water soluble dye having at least two electrophilic groups and a nucleophilic agent having a molecular weight below 600 and at least one group selected from aliphatic primary amino groups and secondary amino groups.

Abstract: New sulfur dyes comprising in their preparation at least one sulfur dye intermediate of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 are independently nitro, nitroso or amino, are produced by including in their preparation at least one modifying agent selected from the group of: A) an aldehyde; B) urea; C) a benzoquinone or naphthoquinone; and D) monoethanolamine or by treating an already prepared sulfur dye involving such an intermediate in its preparation, with at least one aldehyde, benzoquinone or naphthoquinone or with monoethanolamine.

Abstract: Processes for coloring a fiber or textile by adding a carbon black product having an organic group attached to the carbon black. In one process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in the absence of an externally applied electric current sufficient to reduce the diazonium salt. In another process at least one diazonium salt reacts with a carbon black in a protic reaction medium. Carbon black products which may be prepared according to process of the invention are described as well as uses of such carbon black products in plastic compositions, rubber compositions, paper compositions, and textile compositions.

Abstract: By using printing pastes containing thiourea dioxide together with finely dispersed calcium, magnesium or zinc hydroxide, present in the paste as such or generated from components in the printing paste during a treatment process, fabric discharge printing processes may be developed which have the advantage of decorating fabric webs, garments or garment panels effectively, even in dry heat conditions, whilst avoiding contamination of such fabrics with undesirable residues, particularly formaldehyde.

Abstract: A process for dyeing synthetic polyamide fibers, in particular in form of micro fibers, is described comprising the use of polyamide fibers having an amino end group content of at least 60 gram equivalents per 1000 kilograms of polyamide polymer and using a dye composition of water-soluble dyes containing at least one dye having 1 or 2 vinylsulfonyl groups and at least 1 dye having 1 or 2 groups of the general formula (A)--SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --N(R)--V--X (A)(in which R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may be interrupted by 1 or 2 hetero groups and substituted by sulfo, carboxy, hydroxy, sulfato, phosphato and/or lower alkanoylamino, V is a covalent bond or alkylene of 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a group of the formula --CO--NH--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: A process of dyeing natural or synthetic polyamide fibres in an aqueous exhaustion dyebath comprising an anionic dyestuff, comprising the steps of1. immersing the fibres to be dyed in the aqueous dyebath which has a temperature of from 20.degree.-50.degree. C. and a pH of 7-11 (7-8.5 when the polyamide is wool); and2. raising the temperature to 110.degree. C. maximum and maintaining it there until exhaustion is substantially complete;there being added to the dyebath, either prior to the commencement of temperature raising or after an alkaline migration period at the boil, an ester of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 hydroxycarboxylic acid with a C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 glycol and up to 30% by weight of the ester of a tertiary amine which is essentially non-volatile under the process conditions.

Abstract: Process for dyeing aminated cellulose/polyester blend fabric with fiber-reactive disperse dyestuffs Fiber materials comprising cellulose fibers or a mixture of cellulose and polyester fibers are dyed by first modifying the fiber material with one or more compounds containing amino groups and then dyeing the modified fiber material with a fiber-reactive disperse dyestuff in supercritical CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for shrink-proofing wool which comprises treating the wool with specific polymers and prepolymers derived from polyoxyalkyleneamines.

Abstract: A process for the production of aminated cotton fibers by subjecting a raw cotton or cotton-polyester mixture to a modification with a saturated aliphatic compound of 3 to 15 carbon atoms which contains at least one primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary amino group and at least one hydrolyzable ester group, in which the saturated radical is straight chain, branched, or cyclic, and may be interrupted by one or more hetero groups and may be substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups. The modification occurs simultaneously with scouring, kiering, or dry mercerizing.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile materials of naturally occurring and synthetic polyamide fibres, in which dyeing is carried out at the boiling point of the dyebath during a short dyeing time which is therefore gentle on the fibres, and level dyeings having good fastness properties are obtained (high temperature rapid dyeing process).The dyeing process is carried out with dyebaths with comprise specific surfactants. A high degree of exhaustion of the dye liquors is achieved, and dyeing from static baths is thus rendered possible.

Abstract: A process for printing and dyeing sheetlike fiber materials with anionic dyes comprisesa) first applying to the sheetlike fiber material an aqueous solution containing a fixing alkali and a compound which contains a primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or a quaternary ammonium group, which may each also be part of a heterocycle, by using a printing process, thenb) subjecting the sheetlike fiber material to a fixing treatment to modify the sheetlike fiber material, and finally and optionallyc) dyeing the modified sheetlike fiber material one or more times by a customary exhaust or padding method.

Abstract: A process for the dyeing of fiber materials with water-soluble anionic dyes, in particular those having a fiber-reactive group, is described, according to which dyeing is carried out using low-electrolyte or entirely electrolyte-free and/or low-alkali or entirely alkali-free dye solutions (dye liquors, printing pastes) and in which a fiber material is used which was modified by means of a saturated straight-chain or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compound which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more hydroxy groups and contains at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or quaternary ammonium group and at least one hydrolyzable ester group, it also being possible for the aliphatic radical in this compound to be interrupted by one or more hetero groups.

Abstract: Process and use of reactive disperse dyes for dyeing and printing aminated, textile cotton and cotton-polyester blend fabricsHydroxyl-containing materials, in particular fiber materials, such as cellulose fiber materials, which have been modified with an amino-containing compound are dyed as such or in blend with polyester fibers with the aid of a fiber-reactive disperse dye in an aqueous, low-electrolyte or completely electrolyte-free medium and in the absence of an alkaline or alkali-donating agent at a temperature of between 100.degree. and 210.degree. C. Not only the modified cellulose-containing material but also the polyester material can be dyed in one and the same dyeing process with one and the same fiber reactive disperse dye. A uniform overall dyeing not only for modified hydroxyl-containing material but also for polyester material is obtained.

Abstract: Process for preserving the dyeing capacity of 5,6-dihydroxyindole or of its derivatives corresponding to the formula (I): ##STR1## in which R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, which are identical or different, denote hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 lower alkyl, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 denoting hydrogen when R.sub.4 denotes alkyl in an aqueous medium, characterized in that the pH of the aqueous medium is adjusted to a value pH.sub.C of between 5 and 10 by employing a pH-regulating agent containing two components (A) and (B), the component (A) being chosen from pH-regulating agents which have a dissociation constant K.sub.CA in aqueous solution at 25.degree. C., such as pk.sub.CA, that is:0<pk.sub.CA -pH.sub.C .ltoreq.2.5and the component (B) being chosen from pH-regulating agents which have a dissociation constant K.sub.CB in aqueous solution at 25.degree. C., such as pk.sub.CB, that is:2<pk.sub.CB <pH.sub.C.

Abstract: The invention provides the following dyeing method: A method of dyeing a cellulosic textile article characterized by immersing the article in an aqueous dispersion containing a cation-treated coloring agent in the first place and, then, immersing it in an aqueous solution or dispersion of an anionic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid dye-leveling composition that is useful for imparting a dye leveling characteristic to fibers prior to, or during, the fiber dyeing operation. Also described is a process for preparing the dye-leveling composition, as well as a process for using the composition in the dyeing of fibers. The composition is particularly useful for treating polyamide fibers, such as nylon, but is also suitably used in the treatment of silk, wool, and other synthetic and natural fibers. The composition is also useful as a hard surface cleaner, adhesive additive, and a leveling agent for paints.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an acid dye-leveling composition that is useful for imparting a dye-leveling characteristic to fibers, as well as acting as a cleaner for hard surfaces or for fibers. The composition comprises (a) the reaction product of a piperazine compound, a piperazinone compound, an amine compound, or a combination thereof, with an alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonic acid, and (b) an alcohol alkoxylate.

Abstract: A process comprising the reduction of textile dyestuffs in an aqueous alkaline medium by means of a reducing compound which is a complex of an organic complexing agent and an iron (II)-salt. The iron (II)-salt is present in an amount sufficient to ensure the desired reduction of the dyestuff after a single oxidation.

Abstract: Concentrated aqueous solutions are described comprising specific anionic disazo dyes and polyglycol amines, which are highly suitable as commercial forms.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing non-skittery and level dyeings on wool with reactive dyes in the presence of an auxiliary combination, which process comprises dyeing wool with an aqueous liquor consisting of at least one reactive dye and an auxiliary combination comprising, as component (a), at least one compound of formula ##STR1## and, as component (b), at least one compound of formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently of the other an aliphatic radical of 12 to 24 carbon atoms,Q and Q' are each independently of the other C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, --CH.sub.2 --CO--NH.sub.2, ##STR3## A.sup..crclbar. and A'.sup..crclbar. are an anion, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are each independently of one another hydrogen, SO.sub.3 M or PO.sub.3 M,wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium, t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are 1 or 0, when t.sub.1 and t.sub.2 are O, Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.2 are hydrogen or one of Z.sub.1, Z.sub.2, Z'.sub.1 and Z'.sub.

Abstract: Concentrated dye solutions of dyes of the formula (1) shown in claim are described.The dye solutions are distinguished by a good storage stability and are suitable, in particular, for dyeing paper.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of a chromophore having at least one sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid functionality and a triethanolamine ethoxylate is provided for a fugitive colorant useful in ink formulations or to temporarily tint textile fibers. Preferably the triethanolamine ethoxylate contains at least nine moles of --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O-- units and is present in a molar excess per acid functionality of the chromophore.

Abstract: A method for dyeing polyester-containing fibers by using a disperse dye, wherein said dyeing is conducted under an alkaline condition in an aqueous medium in the presence of at least one amino acid member selected from the group consisting of an amino acid, an amino acid derivative having at least one hydrogen atom of its amino group replaced with an organic group, and an alkali metal salt of such an amino acid or amino acid derivative, in the dyeing bath, and a dyeing assistant useful for the method.

Abstract: Concentrated dye solutions of the formula (1) shown in claim 1 are described.The dye solutions are notable for a long shelf life and are suitable in particular for dyeing paper.

Abstract: Natural polyamide fibres, in particular wool, are dyed by means of reactive dyes using the exhaust method in the presence of a dyeing assistant consisting of a combination of (a) quaternized ammonium compounds of polyglycol compounds and (b) of acidic esters or salts thereof derived from at least dibasic oxyacids and from polyglycol compounds, both the quaternary ammonium compounds and the acidic esters being derived from an aliphatic amine having 12 to 24 carbon atoms in the aliphatic moiety. The process comprises carrying out the dyeing in the additional presence of (c) a fatty alcohol/polyalkylene glycol ether of the formulaR-O-(alkylene-O.sub.m H (1)in which R is an aliphatic radical having at least 8 carbon atoms, "alkylene" is an ethylene radical or propylene radical and m is 3 to 25.

Abstract: A method is provided for temporary coloration of textile materials which comprises applying to said textile materials an amine-reducible tint in an amount sufficient to provide coloration to said textile material, said tint being characterized by the formula:R{A[alkeneoxy constituent).sub.n X].sub.m }.sub.pwhere RA is the organic, easily reducible dyestuff radical, A is a linking moiety in said organic, easily reducible dyestuff radical selected from the group consisting of --N--, --O--, --S--, or --CO.sub.2 --, the alkenyl moiety of said alkyleneoxy constituent contains from 2 to about 4 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 2 to about 300, m is 1 when A is --O--, --S--, --CO.sub.2 -- and 2 when A is --N--, p is an integer of from 1 to 5, and X is a member of the group consisting of --H--, alkyl, -alkylcarboxylate, or -arylcarboxylate; and contacting said amine-reducible tint with an amine compound in an amount sufficient to reduce said tint whereby said coloration of said textile material is removed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing synthetic or natural polyamide fibers with anionic dyestuffs, comprising (i) bringing the polyamide fibers into contact with an aqueous dyeing liquor which contains in addition to one or more dyestuffs a cationic dyeing assistant having affinity for anionic polyamide dyestuffs, and dyeing the polyamide fibers at a temperature of from 60.degree. to 105.degree. C., and (ii) adding an anionic dyeing assistant to the dyeing liquor 15 to 60 minutes after reaching the dyeing temperature, to complete the dye exhaustion. Surface and fibre level dyeings with a good dye penetration are thus obtained.

Abstract: An enhancer or promoter useful for improving the dyeing of fibrous materials is described. This enhancer is N-acetyl ethanolamine. It operates to facilitate dyeing of the material so as to accelerate, deepen and/or fix the coloration imparted to the material.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing a reactive dye of the following formulaD--SO.sub.2 X).sub.nwherein D is an organic dye residue having 1 to 3 sulfonic acid grups, X is a group of --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Y in which Y is a splittable group by the action of an alkali, and n is a number of 1 or 2, in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the composition, which composition is improved in storage stability at a low temperature, is produced by preparing an undemimeralized agueous solution of the dye of the above formula, dissolving at least one additive selected from lactams and aminoalcohols in the solution, controlling the resulting solution to a temperature of -10.degree. C. to 5.degree. C. to crystallized inorganic salts contained therein, and separating the crystallized inorganic salts, the said additive being used in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the composition.

Abstract: A mixture of a textile auxiliary (T) obtained by reacting epichlorohydrin and ammonia in defined mole ratio, and a polymeric compound (P) which is a water-soluble homopolymer of a mono- or di-allylamine, or a water-soluble copolymer consisting of mono-, di- or tri-allylamine units may be used as an aftertreatment agent for fixation of anionic and sulphur dyeings on cellulosic fibres. The treated dyeings have better fastness properties than dyeings treated with either (T) or (P) alone.

Abstract: A process for the aftertreatment of dyed cellulosic fibre material for the improvement of wet fastness properties, comprising the use of an aqueous liquor which contains a polyquaternary ammonium compound obtained by the reaction of an epihalohydrin with a linear polymer which has repeating units of formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl.

Abstract: In the conventional discharge printing on polyamide fiber materials using acid dyes, above all, the very low wet and light fastness properties of the designs obtained in this manner are frequently an obstacle to the wide expansion of this interesting technique in practice. Applying this known patterning method for wool or nylon to resist prints made with reactive dyes being distinguished by better fastness level, does not always produce satisfactory white resist effects when, for example, sulfite compounds as the resist agent and reactive dyes having esterified .beta.-hydroxyethylsulfonyl groups as the reactive radical are taken into consideration; colored effects having a bright hue are not even possible at all in various cases.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for the preparation of concentrated anionic red dye solutions which are storage stable. The process allows manufacture of a solution of a dye having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is --SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3).sub.2, --SO.sub.2 N(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3), --SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(C.sub.6 H.sub.11), or --CF.sub.3 ;R.sub.2 is --H, --Cl or ##STR2## and R.sub.3 is lower alkyl M is ##STR3## wherein R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are --H or --CH.sub.3 independently andm+n+q.ltoreq.9, but >0,by reacting a dye having the structure: ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 is --SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3).sub.2, --SO.sub.2 N(C.sub.6 H.sub.5)(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3), --SO.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3)(C.sub.6 H.sub.11), or --CF.sub.3 ;R.sub.2 is --H, --Cl or ##STR5## wherein R.sub.3 is lower alkyl, andX is NH(R.sub.6).sub.3,wherein R.sub.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for dyeing a textile substrate comprising wool fibres, which process comprises bringing the substrate into contact with an aqueous dyebath containing an acid dyestuff or a mixture of acid dyestuffs having(a) a build-up power on wool of from 90 to 98% at pH 4.5; together with(b) a migrating ability on wool of from 25 to 40%, at pH 4.5;(a) and (b) being determined under specific conditions, in the presence of a levelling agent which is the alkoxylation product of an amine substituted by a fatty saturated or unsaturated residue, the aqueous dyebath containing a mixture of acid dyestuffs when the substrate is a wool/synthetic polyamide fibre blend.These dyestuffs give level, fast and reproducible dyeings of a high quality.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of concentrated stable liquid dye solutions of CI Direct Yellow 11 starting with the product of the basic condensation of para-nitrotoluene-ortho-sulfonic acid in the form of its tetrasodium reaction mass or the wet filter cake separation of the solids from said mass and the reaction liquids or the dry technical grade sodium complex which is the dried filter cake. The solid starting material is suspended in a lower alkanol/water medium; the suspension is acidified to a pH below about 2.5 to acidify each sulfo moiety on the chromophore and to form the free inorganic salt; this acidified suspension is heated to assure completion of the metathetical salt-forming reaction; after sufficient heating, the mixture of the acidified chromophore and the salt is neutralized to a pH in the range 6.0 to 7.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the preparation of concentrated stable liquid dye solutions of CI Direct Yellow 11 starting with the tetrasodium complex of the stilbeneazo(xy) based-catalyzed condensation of 4-nitro-toluene-2-sulfonic acid, the wet-cake or the dried technical grade of the condensed tetrasodium complex. The process comprises the steps of forming an aqueous suspension of the starting materials which are admixed with the extended surface silica filter aid and the resulting slurry is acidified with a strong inorganic acid to pH below about 2.

Abstract: Improvements in the fastness properties of substrates dyed with reactive dyestuffs are achieved by a dyeing after-treatment with an agent which is the reaction product polyethyleneimine and a bifunctional alkylating agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing synthetic polyamide fibre material with dyes or dye mixtures in the presence of a mixture of dyeing assistants, which comprises using for the dyeing of these materials an aqueous liquor which contains at least one anionic dye which, under the defined dyeing conditions, has a degree of exhaustion of at least 95% at 1/1 standard depth of shade, and a dyeing assistant mixture containing an anionic compound, a quaternary compound and a non-ionic compound, and wherein the liquor contains an alkali metal salt and an organic acid, and finishing the dyeing at pH 5-7, preferably pH 5.5-6, and at a temperature of 95.degree. to 130.degree. C.The process according to the invention is suitable for dyeing synthetic polyamide materials, producing level dyeings having good fastness properties with all types of dye or mixtures of dyes of identical or different types.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the non-skittery and level dyeing of fibre material made of natural polyamides, with dyes or mixtures of dyes in the presence of a mixture of dyeing assistants, which comprises using for dyeing these materials an aqueous liquor which contains at least one anionic wool dye which, under the defined dyeing conditions at 1/1 standard depth, exhausts to at least 95%, and a dyeing assistant mixture containing an anionic compound of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl or alkenyl radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, M is hydrogen, an alkali metal or ammonium, and m and n are integers such that the sum of m and n is 2 to 14, a quaternary compound of the formula ##STR2## in which R', independently of R, is what R has been defined as, A is an anion, Q is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl radical, and p and q are integers such that the sum of p and q is 20 to 50 , and a non-ionic compound of the formula ##STR3## in which R", independently of R, is what R has been defined

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for continuous dyeing a cellulosic fibrous substrate with a direct or reactive dye comprising the steps of(a) applying to the substrate an aqueous dyeing liquor containing an alkanolamine, followed by(b) fixing the dyeings, and finally(c) after-treating the dyed substrate with a fixing agent,the resulting dyeings having improved wet fastnesses.

Abstract: The invention relates to dyestuff preparations comprising water, a water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble dye, a dispersant, a humectant, and optionally further additives, wherein said humectant is a compound of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.16 alkyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted by OH, CN, halogen or --N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl).sub.2, and R' is hydrogen or the --CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 OH group.These preparations are suitable for use in aqueous or aqueous-organic dye liquors or printing inks or also for obtaining printing pastes. After partial or complete dehydration they are also very readily redispersible.

Abstract: Process for printing on synthetic fibers of polyester, triacetate, acetate and polyamide as well as mixtures of these substances with disperse dyes according to the discharge or reserve discharge process, wherein a mixture of(a) 5 to 75 parts by weight of at least one reducing agent and(b) 5 to 90 parts by weight of a specified alkoxylated amine is used as the discharging agent.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a solid, especially a disperse dyestuff or a pigment, containing, as dispersing agent, a water-soluble, non-ionic polycyclic aromatic compound having a poly(lower alkylene-oxy)chain containing from 5 to 30 lower alkylene-oxy groups. Preferred dispersing agents contain about 10 ethylene-oxy groups in the chain. The dispersions of disperse dyestuffs are especially suitable for use in aqueous print pastes based on synthetic thickening agents and the pigment dispersions are suitable for use in emulsion paints.

Abstract: A composition containing(A) 10 parts by weight of an anionic product obtained by addition of 5 to 20 mols of ethylene oxide to an aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohol of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, followed by carboxymethylation(B) 1 to 15 parts by weight of a cationic addition product of 50 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide to a fatty amino-(C.sub.2-3)alkylene-amine(C) 1 to 10 parts by weight of a non-ionic addition product of 20 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide to castor oil, or a non-ionic sequenced addition product of 20 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide and 1 to 10 mols of propylene oxide to castor oil, and(D) 1 to 20 parts by weight of a N-(.beta.-hydroxy-(C.sub.2-4)alkyl)-fatty acid amide,is a dyeing auxiliary useful for the dyeing in one bath or printing of a mixed textile substrate comprising cationic dyeable fibres and anionic or disperse dyeable fibres.

Abstract: A liquid preparation of an anionic dye of the disazo class, which preparation contains the disazo dye, which in the form of the free acid corresponds to the formula ##STR1## dissolved in a solvent mixture which is miscible with water in any proportion and which consists of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea, at least one alkylene glycol ether and water, and alkyl- or alkanolamine in an amount sufficient to bring the pH value of the liquid preparation to 6.5 to 8.5, the dye being in the form of alkyl- or alkanolamine. This novel liquid preparation is a concentrated true solution which is stable in storage over several months at temperatures of between about -10.degree. C. and +60.degree. C., and which is miscible with cold and warm water in any proportion. It is suitable in particular for dyeing and printing paper, including semi-cardboard and cardboard, the dyeing of these materials being possible, for example, in the pulp, or by brushing or immersion.

Abstract: Aqueous composition for darkening keratinous material, particularly hair, comprise a mixture of a solution of a salt of thiosulphuric acid, preferably in an amount of 0.2-5.0% by weight as thiosulphate ion, preferably as the sodium thiosulphate or an amine such as triethanolamine thiosulphate; with a solution of a complex of bismuth with an amino-polyacetic acid such as nitrilotriacetic acid or ethylenediamine tetracetic acid, the bismuth preferably being present in an amount (measured as carbonate) of 0.1-5.0% by weight; in the presence of a water-soluble amine, preferably an a alkanolamine such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine in an amount to maintain the pH in the range 8 to 11; and of a di- or poly-hydroxy humectant, preferably glycerol or propylene glycol in an amount of 5-70% by weight.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile materials, consisting of wool or nylon fibers, with anionic dyes in an aqueous liquor at up to 110.degree. C., wherein dyeing is commenced at a pH of from 7 to 9 and from 0.2 to 5 parts by weight, per 1,000 parts by weight of liquor, of an ester of a saturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -carboxylic acid with an alcohol having a tertiary amino group in the 2-position are added at the dyeing temperature to act as a pH regulator.

Abstract: A composition containing a sparingly soluble or insoluble dyestuff which comprises, as a processing agent, from 0.5 to 50 percent by weight of the composition of at least one water-soluble non-ionic compound of the formula Y--O--Z--H wherein Y represents a hydrogen atom or a group of the formula ##STR1## (in which X is a carbon atom or an aromatic ring system having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen atoms, or alkyl or alkenyl groups, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is other than a hydrogen atom and the total number of carbon atoms in R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is not more than 36); and Z represents a (C.sub.2 H.sub.4 O).sub.m or (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n group or a combination thereof (in which m and n, which may be the same or different, each represents an integer from 2 to 15), and which may additionally contain water, at least one water-soluble anionic compound of formula R.sup.4 --SO.sub.